CN220250048U - Radioactive waste incineration flue gas treatment system - Google Patents

Radioactive waste incineration flue gas treatment system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN220250048U
CN220250048U CN202321666040.0U CN202321666040U CN220250048U CN 220250048 U CN220250048 U CN 220250048U CN 202321666040 U CN202321666040 U CN 202321666040U CN 220250048 U CN220250048 U CN 220250048U
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flue gas
unit
radioactive waste
waste incineration
water
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杜颖哲
林鹏
李坤锋
李丽丽
李时瑛
程建军
陈俊杰
周东升
刘夏杰
李利
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China Nuclear Power Technology Research Institute Co Ltd
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China Nuclear Power Technology Research Institute Co Ltd
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Abstract

The utility model discloses a radioactive waste incineration flue gas treatment system, which comprises a rapid cooling treatment unit for carrying out mixed air dilution and water cooling on flue gas generated by radioactive waste incineration, a dry deacidification unit, a dust removal unit, a wet deacidification unit, a high-efficiency filtration unit and an adsorption treatment unit which are used for sequentially treating the rapidly cooled flue gas; the quenching treatment unit, the dry deacidification unit, the dust removal unit, the wet deacidification unit, the high-efficiency filtration unit and the adsorption treatment unit are sequentially connected; the quenching treatment unit comprises a water-cooling jacket pipe and a mixing air pipeline which is connected with the water-cooling jacket pipe and used for sending air into a central channel of the water-cooling jacket pipe. According to the radioactive waste incineration flue gas treatment system, the flue gas is rapidly cooled by combining the air mixing dilution and the water cooling, so that a large amount of process wastewater generated by water spraying quenching is effectively avoided; the dry deacidification and the wet deacidification are combined, so that the purification efficiency of acid gas in the flue gas is improved, and the high emission index is met.

Description

Radioactive waste incineration flue gas treatment system
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of flue gas treatment, in particular to a radioactive waste incineration flue gas treatment system.
Background
At present, the flue gas generated by burning wastes such as garbage and the like is generally further purified, so that harmful substances in the flue gas are prevented from being discharged into the atmosphere, and the environment is prevented from being polluted.
The existing flue gas treatment mode is as in China patent CN207153427U, which discloses a waste incineration flue gas purification system, the system consists of a quenching tower, a dry deacidification tower, a bag-type dust remover, a draught fan, an alkali liquor spray tower and a chimney, a tap water atomizing nozzle is arranged at the upper part of the quenching tower and is connected with an air compressor and a tap water pump, the quenching tower sprays atomized tap water through the tap water nozzle, the temperature of the flue gas is reduced to below 200 ℃ within 1 second, the range of the resynthesis temperature of dioxin is avoided, and the resynthesis of the dioxin is reduced. However, quenching the flue gas by tap water results in the generation of a large amount of wastewater, which needs to be treated, increasing the running cost of the equipment.
Another chinese patent CN111617632a discloses a flue gas purifying system and purifying method of an industrial incinerator, the flue gas purifying system of the industrial incinerator comprises a waste heat boiler, a primary dry process unit, a quenching process unit and a secondary dry process unit, the high temperature flue gas of the incinerator is cooled and heat is recovered by the waste heat boiler, the flue gas is primarily purified by the primary dry process unit, then the flue gas is rapidly cooled to within 200 ℃ by the quenching process unit, and finally the flue gas is thoroughly purified by the secondary dry process unit. Wherein, two-step dry deacidification is adopted, and when the calcium acid ratio is 2: when 1, the removal rate of HCl is 95%, the removal rate of SOx is 90%, and the existing high emission index can not be met.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a radioactive waste incineration flue gas treatment system which can effectively avoid a large amount of wastewater generated by quenching and improve the purification efficiency of acid gas.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows: the radioactive waste incineration flue gas treatment system comprises a quenching treatment unit for carrying out mixed air dilution and water cooling treatment on flue gas generated by radioactive waste incineration, a dry deacidification unit, a dust removal unit, a wet deacidification unit, a high-efficiency filtration unit and an adsorption treatment unit which are used for sequentially treating the quenched flue gas; the quenching treatment unit, the dry deacidification unit, the dust removal unit, the wet deacidification unit, the high-efficiency filtration unit and the adsorption treatment unit are sequentially connected;
the quenching treatment unit comprises a water-cooling jacket pipe and a mixing air pipeline which is connected with the water-cooling jacket pipe and used for sending air into a central channel of the water-cooling jacket pipe.
Preferably, the quenching treatment unit further comprises a fan connected with the air mixing pipeline.
Preferably, the quench processing unit further comprises a buffer bellows; the buffer bellows is connected with the fan and the air mixing pipeline.
Preferably, the quenching treatment unit further comprises an air inlet pipeline for accessing the flue gas and a static mixer;
the static mixer is connected between the air inlet pipeline and the water-cooling jacket pipe, and the air mixing pipeline is connected to the air inlet pipeline.
Preferably, the dust removing unit comprises a bag-type dust remover.
Preferably, the wet deacidification unit comprises a flue gas scrubber;
and a precooling spray device, a circulating spray device and a demisting device are arranged in the flue gas washing tower.
Preferably, the high efficiency filter unit comprises a high efficiency filter.
Preferably, the adsorption treatment unit includes an activated carbon adsorption tank.
Preferably, the radioactive waste incineration flue gas treatment system further comprises a heating unit for heating the flue gas; the heating unit is connected between the wet deacidification unit and the high-efficiency filtering unit.
Preferably, the heating unit includes an electric heater.
The utility model has the beneficial effects that: the flue gas is rapidly cooled by combining air mixing dilution and water cooling, so that a large amount of process wastewater generated by water spraying quenching is effectively avoided; the dry deacidification and the wet deacidification are combined, so that the purification efficiency of acid gas in the flue gas is improved, and the high emission index is met.
Drawings
The utility model will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the connection of a radioactive waste incineration flue gas treatment system according to an embodiment of the present utility model;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a quenching treatment unit in the radioactive waste incineration flue gas treatment system according to an embodiment of the present utility model.
Detailed Description
For a clearer understanding of technical features, objects and effects of the present utility model, a detailed description of embodiments of the present utility model will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The radioactive waste incineration flue gas treatment system is suitable for nuclear power plants, and is used for carrying out repurification treatment on the flue gas generated by the radioactive waste incineration treatment in the nuclear power plants so as to reach the emission standard.
As shown in fig. 1, the radioactive waste incineration flue gas treatment system according to an embodiment of the present utility model may include a quenching treatment unit 1, a dry deacidification unit 2, a dust removal unit 3, a wet deacidification unit 4, a high efficiency filtration unit 6, and an adsorption treatment unit 7, which are sequentially connected between an incineration apparatus 10 and a chimney 20.
The quenching treatment unit 1 is connected to the smoke outlet of the incineration device 10 and is used for accessing the smoke exhausted by the incineration device, and the smoke is quickly cooled by combining air mixing dilution and water cooling, so that the smoke is cooled to 200 ℃ or below in a short time, for example, the smoke is cooled to 200 ℃ from 600 ℃ within 1s, and the generation of dioxin is avoided. The dry deacidification unit 2 deacidifies the cooled flue gas through slaked lime. The dust removal unit 3 is connected with the dry deacidification unit 2 and is used for accessing the deacidified flue gas and capturing smoke dust and unreacted slaked lime in the flue gas. The wet deacidification unit 4 is used for accessing the flue gas exhausted by the dust removal unit 3 and deacidifying the flue gas through alkali liquor. The high-efficiency filtering unit 6 is used for accessing the flue gas after wet deacidification and capturing particulate matters and aerosol below 0.5um in the flue gas. The adsorption treatment unit 7 is used for being connected with the flue gas exhausted by the high-efficiency filtering unit 6 and adsorbing dioxin and heavy metal substances in the flue gas. The flue gas after adsorption treatment can be discharged to the high-altitude environment through the chimney 20, and can also be discharged to other flue gas treatment systems for reuse.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the quenching treatment unit 1 may include a water-cooled jacket pipe 11, and a wind mixing pipe 12 connected to the water-cooled jacket pipe 11. The water-cooling jacket pipe 11 is a double-layer structure pipe, the inner central channel 110 is used for flue gas circulation, the interlayer 120 in the pipe wall is used for cooling water circulation, and the cooling water circulates in the interlayer 120 and exchanges heat with the flue gas, so that the heat of the flue gas is taken away. The outer wall of the water-cooling jacket pipe 11 is provided with a cooling water inlet 111 and a cooling water outlet 112 which are respectively communicated with the interlayer 120, and cold water continuously flows into and out of the interlayer 120 in the process of passing the flue gas through the water-cooling jacket pipe 11, so that the flue gas is cooled.
The air mixing pipeline 12 is mainly communicated with the central channel 110 of the water-cooling jacket pipe 11 and is used for sending air into the central channel 110 of the water-cooling jacket pipe 11 so as to realize air mixing dilution of the flue gas and achieve cooling. The air mixing pipeline 12 is preferably positioned at the inlet end of the water-cooling jacket pipe 11, so that the flue gas can be firstly diluted by mixing air and then water-cooled.
For feeding air into the mixing duct 12, the quench processing unit 1 further comprises a fan 13 connected to the mixing duct 12. The fan 13 acts as a power mechanism to draw ambient air into the mixing duct 12.
The quench processing unit 1 may also include a buffer bellows 14; the buffer bellows 14 is respectively connected and communicated with the fan 13 and the air mixing pipeline 12. The air pumped by the fan 13 can directly enter the air mixing pipeline 12 or partially enter the air mixing pipeline 12 and partially enter the buffer bellows 14 for temporary storage.
Further, in the embodiment shown in fig. 2, the quench processing unit 1 further comprises an air intake conduit 15 and a static mixer 16; the static mixer 16 is connected between the air inlet pipeline 15 and the water-cooling jacket pipe 11, and the air mixing pipeline 12 is connected to the air inlet pipeline 15.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the quenching treatment unit 1 is connected to the incineration apparatus 10 through an air inlet pipe 15, and is used for accessing the flue gas exhausted from the incineration apparatus 10. The air mixing pipeline 12 can be perpendicular to the air inlet pipeline 15 and connected to the air inlet pipeline 15, and air enters the air inlet pipeline 15 through the air mixing pipeline 12 and flows to the static mixer 16 together with the flue gas. In the static mixer 16, the air can be thoroughly mixed with the flue gas, achieving a preliminary cooling of the flue gas. The mixed gas of the flue gas and the air flows to the water-cooling jacket pipe 11 again, and the temperature of the flue gas is reduced to 200 ℃ or below through water cooling and cooling.
In addition, in order to achieve positioning of the quench treatment unit 1 and smooth access to the flue gas discharged from the incineration plant 10, the quench treatment unit 1 may be supported and fixed on the ground by means of a support frame or at least one support foot 17.
The dry deacidification unit 2 is connected with the outlet of the quenching unit 1, and is connected with the cooled flue gas to carry out dry deacidification treatment on the flue gas. The dry deacidification unit 2 may include a dry deacidification tower; the dry deacidification tower is connected with a storage bin for storing slaked lime, and a venturi ejector is used for spraying the slaked lime into a pipeline in the dry deacidification tower to perform chemical reaction with the flue gas so as to perform primary deacidification on the flue gas. The flue gas is subjected to preliminary deacidification in the dry deacidification tower, so that the corrosion of acidic substances to subsequent equipment such as a bag-type dust remover and the like can be reduced, the pressure of a flue gas washing tower can be reduced, the consumption of NaOH aqueous solution can be reduced, and the generation of wastewater can be reduced.
And the flue gas after dry deacidification is discharged from an outlet of the dry deacidification tower and enters a dust removal unit 3. The dust removal unit 3 preferably comprises a bag-type dust remover, which traps the soot in the flue gas and unreacted slaked lime. When the dust-containing gas enters the bag-type dust collector, dust with large particles and high specific gravity is precipitated under the action of gravity and falls into the ash bucket, and the gas containing finer dust is blocked when passing through the filter material, so that the gas is purified.
The flue gas after dust removal enters a wet deacidification unit 4 for wet deacidification treatment. The wet deacidification unit 4 comprises a flue gas washing tower; the flue gas washing tower is internally provided with a pre-cooling spray device, a circulating spray device and a demisting device. The flue gas entering the flue gas washing tower is cooled down by a pre-cooling spray device, and meanwhile, the solubility of acid gas in the solution is improved. Part of the cooled acid gas is dissolved in the spray liquid, and the rest small amount of acid substances react with the alkaline spray liquid in the circulating spray device and are neutralized and absorbed. And finally, removing liquid drops from the flue gas through a demisting device, and reducing the content of the fog drops in the flue gas.
The wet deacidification unit 4 performs wet deacidification on the flue gas, ensures that the removal rate of HCl in the flue gas reaches 99.5%, and ensures that the removal rate of SOx reaches more than 99%. And, upstream of the flue gas treatment, the dry deacidification unit 2 removes most of the acid in the flue gas, so that the use of a large amount of alkali liquor in the wet deacidification unit 4 is avoided, and the stricter acid emission standard can be met.
The flue gas after the wet deacidification treatment is sent to a high-efficiency filter unit 6 for filtering treatment, and particulate matters, aerosol and radionuclides below 0.5um in the flue gas are removed. The high efficiency filter unit 6 may comprise a high efficiency filter.
In order to prevent the flue gas from dewing in the high-efficiency filter, the defogging flue gas is heated to a certain temperature (such as 60 ℃ or above) and then sent into the high-efficiency filter. In this regard, the radioactive waste incineration flue gas treatment system of the present utility model further includes a heating unit that heats the flue gas; the heating unit is connected between the wet deacidification unit 4 and the high-efficiency filtering unit 6. The heating unit 5 comprises an electric heater for heating the flue gas in the form of electric heating.
The adsorption treatment unit 7 is connected to the outlet side of the high-efficiency filtering unit 6, and is connected to the flue gas exhausted by the high-efficiency filtering unit 6 to adsorb a small amount of dioxin and heavy metal ions in the flue gas, so that the high-efficiency removal of dioxin in the flue gas is realized. Preferably, the adsorption treatment unit 7 includes, but is not limited to, an activated carbon adsorption tank.
The flue gas after the adsorption treatment by the adsorption treatment unit 7 can meet the emission standard, and can be emitted to the high altitude through the chimney 20. In this regard, the flue gas discharged from the adsorption treatment unit 7 may be further supplied with power by the induced draft fan 8 and sent to the chimney 20.
In conclusion, the radioactive waste incineration flue gas treatment system provided by the utility model adopts the combination of air mixing dilution and water cooling to rapidly cool the flue gas, so that a large amount of process wastewater generated in the existing water spraying quenching mode is avoided, and the operation cost is reduced. The dry deacidification and the wet deacidification are combined, so that the purification rate of acid gas in the flue gas is improved, the removal rate of HCl reaches 99.5%, the removal rate of SOx reaches more than 99%, and the treated flue gas is ensured to meet higher acid emission standards.
The foregoing description is only illustrative of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the scope of the utility model, and all equivalent structures or equivalent processes or direct or indirect application in other related technical fields are included in the scope of the present utility model.

Claims (10)

1. The radioactive waste incineration flue gas treatment system is characterized by comprising a rapid cooling treatment unit for carrying out mixed air dilution and water cooling treatment on flue gas generated by radioactive waste incineration, a dry deacidification unit, a dust removal unit, a wet deacidification unit, a high-efficiency filtration unit and an adsorption treatment unit which are used for sequentially treating the rapidly cooled flue gas; the quenching treatment unit, the dry deacidification unit, the dust removal unit, the wet deacidification unit, the high-efficiency filtration unit and the adsorption treatment unit are sequentially connected;
the quenching treatment unit comprises a water-cooling jacket pipe and a mixing air pipeline which is connected with the water-cooling jacket pipe and used for sending air into a central channel of the water-cooling jacket pipe.
2. The radioactive waste incineration flue gas treatment system according to claim 1, wherein the quenching treatment unit further comprises a fan connected to the air mixing duct.
3. The radioactive waste incineration flue gas treatment system according to claim 2, wherein the quenching treatment unit further comprises a buffer bellows; the buffer bellows is connected with the fan and the air mixing pipeline.
4. A radioactive waste incineration flue gas treatment system according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the quench treatment unit further comprises an air intake conduit for accessing the flue gas, a static mixer;
the static mixer is connected between the air inlet pipeline and the water-cooling jacket pipe, and the air mixing pipeline is connected to the air inlet pipeline.
5. A radioactive waste incineration flue gas treatment system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the dust removal unit comprises a bag-type dust remover.
6. A radioactive waste incineration flue gas treatment system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the wet deacidification unit comprises a flue gas scrubber;
and a precooling spray device, a circulating spray device and a demisting device are arranged in the flue gas washing tower.
7. A radioactive waste incineration flue gas treatment system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the high efficiency filter unit comprises a high efficiency filter.
8. A radioactive waste incineration flue gas treatment system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the adsorption treatment unit comprises an activated carbon adsorption tank.
9. A radioactive waste incineration flue gas treatment system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a heating unit for heat treatment of flue gas; the heating unit is connected between the wet deacidification unit and the high-efficiency filtering unit.
10. The radioactive waste incineration flue gas treatment system according to claim 9, wherein the heating unit includes an electric heater.
CN202321666040.0U 2023-06-27 2023-06-27 Radioactive waste incineration flue gas treatment system Active CN220250048U (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202321666040.0U CN220250048U (en) 2023-06-27 2023-06-27 Radioactive waste incineration flue gas treatment system

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202321666040.0U CN220250048U (en) 2023-06-27 2023-06-27 Radioactive waste incineration flue gas treatment system

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN220250048U true CN220250048U (en) 2023-12-26

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CN202321666040.0U Active CN220250048U (en) 2023-06-27 2023-06-27 Radioactive waste incineration flue gas treatment system

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CN (1) CN220250048U (en)

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