CN220226700U - Top drive with sealing structure at upper end of main shaft - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of sealing structures, and particularly relates to a top drive with a sealing structure at the upper end of a main shaft. The top drive comprises a sealing structure sleeved outside a main shaft, and comprises a rubber sealing ring and a mud blocking flange, wherein the mud blocking flange comprises an upper end wall, a lower end wall and a side wall, the lower end wall is arranged on the upper surface of a horizontal part, the lower part of the side wall is sleeved outside an inclined part, a sealing groove which is open to the main shaft is formed in the inner side of the side wall positioned outside the inclined part, and the sealing groove and the outer inclined surface of the inclined part are enclosed to form an annular sealing cavity; the rubber sealing ring is positioned in the annular sealing cavity, and the outer inclined surface of the inclined part applies extrusion force to the rubber sealing ring to enable the rubber sealing ring to seal a gap between the lower end of the side wall and the inclined part. From this, this top drives and utilizes the inclined plane of the inclined part of upper transparent cover and the mutual extrusion of rubber seal, thereby makes its deformation play sealed effect, prevents bearing isolation oil blanket, skeleton oil blanket and the direct contact of mud, has guaranteed the life of oil blanket to ensure that mud does not get into the gear box.

Description

Top drive with sealing structure at upper end of main shaft

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of sealing structures, and particularly relates to a top drive with a sealing structure at the upper end of a main shaft.

Background

The top drive drilling device is capable of directly rotating a drill rod from the upper space of a derrick, feeding the drill rod downwards along a special guide rail, and completing various drilling operations such as rotary drilling of the drill rod, circulating drilling fluid, connecting a stand column, screwing and unscrewing, chamfering and the like. The system remarkably improves the capacity and efficiency of drilling operation, and becomes an important device for ensuring the efficiency and the operation safety of petroleum and natural gas drilling operation.

The top drive main body structure mainly comprises a main shaft, a gear box, a bell jar and a flushing pipe device. The lower end of the main shaft extends out of the lower end of the gear box to be connected with a downhole drilling tool, the upper end of the main shaft extends out of the upper part of the gear box cover to be connected with a flushing pipe device, and the bell jar is fixed on the gear box cover to enable the flushing pipe device to be positioned in the bell jar. A sealing structure and an oil seal are arranged between the upper end of the main shaft and the gear box cover. The top drive provides torque and rotational speed and control thereof to the downhole drilling tool while simultaneously providing a rotational path for high pressure, large displacement drilling mud, i.e., a washpipe device.

In the drilling operation, the normally leakage of the flushing pipe device or the thorny leakage when the flushing pipe device fails can cause slurry accumulation in the bell jar, and the slurry has stronger corrosiveness to materials such as metal and the like and is easy to damage a sealing structure and an oil seal at the upper end of a main shaft, so that the slurry enters a gear box through the sealing structure. In addition, if the oil seal is not timely lubricated and maintained, the oil seal dry grinding is easy to damage, and when slurry in the bell jar is accumulated, the slurry easily enters the gear box. The slurry enters the gear box to cause the fault and maintenance of top drive equipment, and the safety and efficiency of petroleum and natural gas drilling operation are seriously affected.

Disclosure of Invention

First, the technical problem to be solved

In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the utility model provides a top drive with a sealing structure at the upper end of a main shaft, so that the technical problem of top drive equipment faults caused by mud entering a gear box is solved.

(II) technical scheme

In order to achieve the above purpose, the main technical scheme adopted by the utility model comprises the following steps:

the utility model provides a top drive with a sealing structure at the upper end of a main shaft, which comprises the main shaft, a gear box and a transparent cover, wherein the upper end of the main shaft extends upwards from a gear box cover of the gear box; the sealing structure comprises a rubber sealing ring and a mud blocking flange, the mud blocking flange comprises an upper end wall, a lower end wall and a side wall connecting the upper end wall with the lower end wall, the lower end wall is arranged on the upper surface of the horizontal part, the lower part of the side wall is sleeved outside the inclined part, a sealing groove which is open to the main shaft is arranged on the inner side of the side wall positioned on the outer side of the inclined part, and the sealing groove and the outer inclined surface of the inclined part are enclosed to form an annular sealing cavity; the rubber sealing ring is positioned in the annular sealing cavity, and the outer inclined surface of the inclined part applies extrusion force to the rubber sealing ring to enable the rubber sealing ring to seal a gap between the lower end of the side wall and the inclined part.

Further, the lower end of the main shaft extends out of the lower end of the gear box, and the lower end of the main shaft is connected with a downhole drilling tool.

Further, two bases are arranged on the gear box cover and symmetrically arranged relative to the main shaft, and drilling motors for driving the main shaft to rotate are arranged on the two bases.

Further, the device also comprises a flushing pipe device, and the upper end of the main shaft is connected with the flushing pipe device through a lower nut.

Further, the sealing structure also comprises a mud umbrella, the mud umbrella is positioned between the flushing pipe device and the mud blocking flange, and the mud umbrella comprises a vertical part and an umbrella part which are connected; a plurality of grooves are circumferentially arranged on the side wall surface of the lower nut, a plurality of protrusions matched with the grooves are arranged on the inner side of the vertical part, and the protrusions are aligned with the grooves and sleeved on the outer side of the lower nut; the umbrella part covers the mud-stopping flange below.

Further, a hose clamp is sleeved on the circumference of the protrusion alignment groove at the outer side of the mud umbrella.

The device further comprises a bell jar, wherein the bell jar is of a revolving body structure with an inner cavity at the lower end opening, a boss is formed by extending radially outwards at the edge of the lower end opening of the bell jar, and the boss is fixed on the gear box cover, so that the flushing pipe device, the mud umbrella and the mud blocking flange are positioned in the inner cavity of the bell jar; the upper end of the main shaft, the gear box cover, the transparent cover, the bell jar and the flushing pipe device form an upper end structure of the top drive.

Further, a bearing isolation oil seal and a framework oil seal are respectively arranged between the main shaft and the inner hole of the transparent cover and at the upper end and the lower end of the transparent cover, a shaft sleeve is sleeved on the main shaft between the bearing isolation oil seal and the framework oil seal, and the bearing isolation oil seal, the shaft sleeve, the framework oil seal and the transparent cover enclose a closed space to form an annular lubricating oil cavity.

Further, the lubricating oil nipple also comprises a lubricating oil nipple, a lubricating oil channel is radially arranged between the bearing isolation oil seal and the framework oil seal on the transparent cover, and the opening of the lubricating oil channel is communicated with the annular lubricating oil cavity opposite to the annular lubricating oil cavity; the oil nozzle penetrates through the first through hole and is connected with the first mounting hole to supply oil to the lubricating oil channel so as to lubricate the bearing isolation oil seal and the skeleton oil seal.

Further, the oil discharging device also comprises an oil discharging valve, and an oil discharging channel is arranged on the penetrating cover relative to the main shaft and the lubricating oil channel; the oil discharge valve penetrates through the second through hole to be connected with the second mounting hole so as to discharge air from the oil discharge channel.

(III) beneficial effects

The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows:

according to the top drive with the sealing structure at the upper end of the main shaft, the rubber sealing ring and the mud blocking flange are arranged, the rubber sealing ring is placed in the sealing groove of the mud blocking flange, the inclined surface of the inclined part of the upper penetrating cover and the rubber sealing ring are mutually extruded to deform the inclined surface of the inclined part of the upper penetrating cover so as to play a sealing role, mud accumulated in the bell jar is prevented from entering the annular lubricating oil cavity, the oil seal is prevented from being directly contacted with the mud, the service life of the oil seal is ensured, and therefore the mud is prevented from entering the gear box. Meanwhile, the daily lubricating grease maintenance requirements on the sealing structure at the upper end of the main shaft are reduced, and the labor intensity of workers and the safety risk of high-altitude operation are reduced.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a top drive with a sealing structure at the upper end of a spindle;

fig. 2 is a schematic sectional partial structure of a top drive with a sealing structure at the upper end of a spindle.

[ reference numerals description ]

1: a main shaft;

2: a gear box; 21: a gear box cover; 22: a base;

3: a transparent cover; 31: a horizontal portion; 32: an inclined portion; 33: a lubrication oil passage; 34: an oil discharge channel;

4: a sealing structure; 41: a rubber seal ring; 42: a mud-stopping flange; 421: an upper end wall; 422: a lower end wall; 423: a sidewall; 424: sealing grooves; 43: a mud umbrella; 431: a vertical portion; 432:

an umbrella part; 433: a protrusion;

5: a flushing pipe device;

6: a lower nut; 61: a groove;

7: a laryngeal cuff;

8: a bell jar; 81: a boss;

9: bearing isolation oil seal; 10: a framework oil seal; 11: a shaft sleeve; 12: an annular lubricating oil cavity; 13: a grease nipple; 14: an oil discharge valve.

Detailed Description

In order that the above-described aspects may be better understood, exemplary embodiments of the present utility model will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present utility model are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present utility model may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the utility model to those skilled in the art.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the utility model provides a top drive with a sealing structure at the upper end of a main shaft, which comprises a main shaft 1, a gear box 2, a transparent cover 3, a sealing structure 4, a flushing pipe device 5 and a bell jar 8. The upper end of the main shaft 1, the gear box cover 21, the transparent cover 3, the flushing pipe device 5 and the bell jar 8 form an upper end structure of the top drive.

As shown in fig. 2, the upper end of the main shaft 1 protrudes upward from a gear box cover 21 of the gear box 2, and is connected to the washpipe device 5 by a lower nut 6. The transparent cover 3 is sleeved outside the main shaft 1 and comprises a horizontal part 31 and an inclined part 32 which are fixedly connected, and the horizontal part 31 and the inclined part 32 can be integrally formed or welded together. The inclined portion 32 is located above the horizontal portion 31, the inclined portion 32 has an outer inclined surface inclined inward in an upward direction, and the horizontal portion 31 is partially provided on the gear box cover 21.

Meanwhile, the transparent cover 3 provides an oil seal installation interface, and a bearing isolation oil seal 9 and a framework oil seal 10 are respectively arranged between the main shaft 1 and the inner hole of the transparent cover 3 and at the upper end and the lower end of the transparent cover 3. The spindle 1 between the bearing isolation oil seal 9 and the framework oil seal 10 is sleeved with a shaft sleeve 11, and the bearing isolation oil seal 9, the shaft sleeve 11, the framework oil seal 10 and the penetrating cover 3 are enclosed to form a closed space which is an annular lubricating oil cavity 12.

A lubricating oil channel 33 is radially arranged between the bearing isolation oil seal 9 and the framework oil seal 10 on the penetrating cover 3, and the opening of the lubricating oil channel 33 is communicated with the annular lubricating oil cavity 12 opposite to the annular lubricating oil cavity 12. The transparent cover 3 is axially provided with a first mounting hole, the first mounting hole is communicated with the lubricating oil channel 33, and the grease nipple 13 is connected with the first mounting hole to supply oil to the lubricating oil channel 33 so as to lubricate the bearing isolation oil seal 9 and the skeleton oil seal 10.

In addition, the oil discharge passage 34 is provided on the through cover 3 opposite to the lubricating oil passage 33 with respect to the main shaft 1. The penetrating cover 3 is axially provided with a second mounting hole which is communicated with the oil discharging channel 34, and the oil discharging valve 14 is connected with the second mounting hole to discharge air from the oil discharging channel 34.

In order to prevent the bearing isolation oil seal 9 and the framework oil seal 10 from being in direct contact with slurry, the utility model is provided with a sealing structure 4 which is sleeved outside the main shaft 1 and comprises a rubber sealing ring 41, a slurry blocking flange 42 and a slurry umbrella 43. The mud guard flange 42 includes an upper end wall 421, a lower end wall 422, and a side wall 423 connecting the upper end wall 421 and the lower end wall 422, the side wall 423 is inclined inwards from bottom to top, the lower end wall 422 is disposed on the upper surface of the horizontal portion 31, and the lower portion of the side wall 423 is sleeved outside the inclined portion 32.

The inner side of the side wall 423 positioned outside the inclined part 32 is provided with a sealing groove 424 which is open to the main shaft 1, the sealing groove 424 and the outer inclined surface of the inclined part 32 are enclosed to form an annular sealing cavity, the rubber sealing ring 41 is positioned in the annular sealing cavity, and the outer inclined surface of the inclined part 32 is utilized to apply extrusion force to the rubber sealing ring 41 so that the rubber sealing ring 41 seals a gap between the lower end of the side wall 423 and the inclined part 32, thereby playing a sealing role.

The mud umbrella 43 is arranged between the flushing pipe device 5 and the mud blocking flange 42, sleeved outside the lower nut 6, and the mud umbrella 43 comprises a vertical part 431 and an umbrella part 432 which are connected. A plurality of grooves 61 are circumferentially arranged on the side wall surface of the lower nut 6, a plurality of protrusions 433 matched with the grooves 61 are arranged on the inner side of the vertical portion 431, and the protrusions 433 are aligned with the grooves 61 and sleeved on the outer side of the lower nut 6. At this time, the umbrella part 432 covers the mud-guard flange 42 below, prevents the mud from falling down to directly contact the bearing isolation oil seal 9 and the skeleton oil seal 10, and ensures the service lives of the bearing isolation oil seal 9 and the skeleton oil seal 10. The circumference of the protrusion 433, which is positioned on the outer side of the mud umbrella 43 and aligned with the groove 61, is sleeved with the throat hoop 7, so that the mud umbrella 43 and the lower nut 6 can be fixed more firmly.

The first through hole aligned with the first mounting hole is provided on the mud guard flange 42, and the grease nipple 13 is connected to the first mounting hole through the first through hole. The mud flap flange 42 is provided with a second through hole aligned with the second mounting hole, and the oil discharge valve 14 is connected to the second mounting hole through the second through hole.

The bell jar 8 is a revolving body structure with an inner cavity at the lower end opening, a boss 81 is formed by extending radially outwards at the edge of the lower end opening of the bell jar 8, and the boss 81 is fixed on the gear box cover 21, so that the flushing pipe device 5, the mud umbrella 43 and the mud blocking flange 42 are positioned in the inner cavity of the bell jar 8.

In addition, two bases 22 are provided on the gear box cover 21, and the two bases 22 are symmetrically arranged about the main shaft 1 and are all provided with drilling motors for driving the main shaft 1 to rotate. The lower end of the main shaft 1 extends out from the lower end of the gear box 2 to be connected with a downhole drilling tool.

In the description of the present specification, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "particular examples," or "some examples," etc., refer to particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example as being included in at least one embodiment or example of the present utility model. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples may be combined and combined by those skilled in the art without contradiction.

While embodiments of the present utility model have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and not to be construed as limiting the utility model, and that alterations, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made in the above embodiments by those skilled in the art within the scope of the utility model.

Claims (10)

1. The top drive comprises a main shaft (1), a gear box (2) and a transparent cover (3), wherein the upper end of the main shaft (1) extends upwards from a gear box cover (21) of the gear box (2), the transparent cover (3) is sleeved outside the main shaft (1), the transparent cover (3) comprises a horizontal part (31) and an inclined part (32) which are fixedly connected, the inclined part (32) is positioned above the horizontal part (31), the inclined part (32) is provided with an outer inclined surface which is inclined inwards along the upward direction, and the horizontal part (31) is partially arranged on the gear box cover (21), and the top drive is characterized by further comprising a sealing structure (4), wherein the sealing structure (4) is sleeved outside the main shaft (1);

the sealing structure (4) comprises a rubber sealing ring (41) and a mud blocking flange (42), the mud blocking flange (42) comprises an upper end wall (421), a lower end wall (422) and a side wall (423) which is used for connecting the upper end wall (421) with the lower end wall (422), the lower end wall (422) is arranged on the upper surface of the horizontal part (31) and the lower part of the side wall (423) is sleeved outside the inclined part (32), a sealing groove (424) which is opened towards the main shaft (1) is formed in the inner side of the side wall (423) which is positioned outside the inclined part (32), and the sealing groove (424) and the outer inclined surface of the inclined part (32) are enclosed to form an annular sealing cavity;

the rubber seal ring (41) is positioned in the annular seal cavity, and the outer inclined surface of the inclined part (32) applies extrusion force to the rubber seal ring (41) so that the rubber seal ring (41) seals a gap between the lower end of the side wall (423) and the inclined part (32).

2. A top drive with a sealing structure at the upper end of the main shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that the lower end of the main shaft (1) protrudes from the lower end of the gear box (2), the lower end of the main shaft (1) being connected to a downhole drilling tool.

3. The top drive with the sealing structure at the upper end of the main shaft according to claim 1, wherein two bases (22) are arranged on the gear box cover (21), the two bases (22) are symmetrically arranged relative to the main shaft (1), and a drilling motor for driving the main shaft (1) to rotate is arranged on the two bases (22).

4. A top drive with a sealing structure at the upper end of a spindle according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises a flushing pipe device (5), the upper end of the spindle (1) being connected to the flushing pipe device (5) by means of a lower nut (6).

5. The top drive with a sealing structure at the upper end of the main shaft according to claim 4, characterized in that the sealing structure (4) further comprises a mud umbrella (43), the mud umbrella (43) being located between the flushing pipe device (5) and the mud-stopping flange (42), the mud umbrella (43) comprising a vertical part (431) and an umbrella part (432) connected;

a plurality of grooves (61) are circumferentially arranged on the side wall surface of the lower nut (6), a plurality of protrusions (433) matched with the grooves (61) are arranged on the inner side of the vertical part (431), and the protrusions (433) are aligned with the grooves (61) and sleeved on the outer side of the lower nut (6);

the umbrella part (432) covers the mud-stopping flange (42) below.

6. The top drive with the sealing structure at the upper end of the main shaft according to claim 5, wherein a throat hoop (7) is sleeved on the circumference of the protrusion (433) aligned with the groove (61) at the outer side of the mud umbrella (43).

7. The top drive with the sealing structure at the upper end of the main shaft according to claim 5, further comprising a bell jar (8), wherein the bell jar (8) is a revolving body structure with an inner cavity at the lower end opening, a boss (81) is formed by extending radially outwards at the lower end opening edge of the bell jar (8), and the boss (81) is fixed on the gear box cover (21) so that the flushing pipe device (5), the mud umbrella (43) and the mud blocking flange (42) are positioned in the inner cavity of the bell jar (8);

the upper end of the main shaft (1), the gear box cover (21), the transparent cover (3), the bell jar (8) and the flushing pipe device (5) form an upper end structure of a top drive.

8. The top drive with a sealing structure at the upper end of a main shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that a bearing isolation oil seal (9) and a skeleton oil seal (10) are respectively arranged between the main shaft (1) and an inner hole of the transparent cover (3) and positioned at the upper end and the lower end of the transparent cover (3), a shaft sleeve (11) is sleeved on the main shaft (1) positioned between the bearing isolation oil seal (9) and the skeleton oil seal (10), and the bearing isolation oil seal (9), the shaft sleeve (11), the skeleton oil seal (10) and the transparent cover (3) are enclosed into a closed space which is an annular lubricating oil cavity (12).

9. The top drive with the sealing structure at the upper end of the main shaft according to claim 8, further comprising a grease nipple (13), wherein a lubricating oil channel (33) is radially arranged between the bearing isolation oil seal (9) and the framework oil seal (10) on the through cover (3), and an opening of the lubricating oil channel (33) is communicated with the annular lubricating oil cavity (12) opposite to the annular lubricating oil cavity (12);

the oil seal is characterized in that a first mounting hole is axially formed in the penetrating cover (3), the first mounting hole is communicated with the lubricating oil channel (33), a first through hole aligned with the first mounting hole is formed in the mud blocking flange (42), and the grease nipple (13) penetrates through the first through hole and is connected with the first mounting hole to lubricate the bearing isolation oil seal (9) and the skeleton oil seal (10) through oil supply of the lubricating oil channel (33).

10. Top drive with sealing structure at the upper end of the main shaft according to claim 9, characterized in that it further comprises an oil discharge valve (14), and an oil discharge channel (34) is arranged on the cover (3) opposite to the lubricating oil channel (33) with respect to the main shaft (1);

the oil discharge device is characterized in that a second mounting hole is axially formed in the penetrating cover (3), the second mounting hole is communicated with the oil discharge channel (34), a second through hole aligned with the second mounting hole is formed in the mud blocking flange (42), and the oil discharge valve (14) penetrates through the second through hole to be connected with the second mounting hole so as to discharge air from the oil discharge channel (34).