CN220217542U - Multi-workpiece milling clamp - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a multi-workpiece milling clamp, which is used for clamping a cam shaft and is characterized in that: comprises a clamp seat, an inserting block, a positioning stop block and a pressing mechanism; the vertical plate of the clamp seat is provided with a jack which is horizontally communicated; the insert block is inserted into the insertion hole, a plurality of cam shaft holes are arranged on the insert block in parallel at equal height, and spline shaft sections of the cam shaft are inserted into the cam shaft holes; an outer baffle piece for limiting the outer baffle of the cam shaft is arranged on the insert block; the pressing mechanism is used for generating pressure towards the direction of the positioning stop block on the stop block. The utility model can clamp a plurality of workpieces and mill double surfaces (namely a first plane and a second plane) of the workpieces, can multiply improve the processing efficiency and reduce the production cost; simultaneously, the parallelism and symmetry of two planes of the upper flat part of each cam shaft can be ensured; the device has the advantages of convenience in assembly and disassembly, simplicity in operation, capability of improving production efficiency, reduction in processing cost and the like.

Description

Multi-workpiece milling clamp

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a multi-workpiece milling fixture.

Background

Referring to fig. 1, one of the camshafts N (also called a brake camshaft, which is a key core component of a motorcycle brake system) has a spline shaft section N-1, an intermediate shaft section N-2, and a male shaft section N-3. Referring to fig. 2, since the middle of the convex shaft section N-3 is a flat part, two planes (i.e., a first plane N-31 and a second plane N-32) are milled, and the two planes have requirements of parallelism and central symmetry. The existing clamp (refer to CN 206425855U) for machining shaft workpieces generally adopts a lower V-shaped block to position and support, then presses down through an upper pressing plate or the lower V-shaped block to position and fix, and when two planes of the lower V-shaped block are machined and milled after clamping, the milling force is large, so that the camshaft is easy to rotate and loose to influence machining precision, meanwhile, the two planes of the flat part are separately machined, the requirements of parallelism and center symmetry of the two planes are difficult to ensure due to two reference positioning, and in addition, only one workpiece can be machined at a time, so that the clamp has the problems of low efficiency and high cost.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model provides a multi-workpiece milling clamp which is used for solving the problems that the existing clamp is easy to rotate and loose when used for milling two planes of a flat part of a cam shaft, the parallelism and the central symmetry are difficult to ensure, and the single-workpiece processing efficiency is low.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the scheme of the utility model is as follows: the utility model provides a multiplex spare mills adds clamping apparatus for clamping camshaft, its characterized in that: comprises a clamp seat, an inserting block, a positioning stop block and a pressing mechanism; the clamp seat is provided with a vertical plate, and the vertical plate is provided with a jack which is horizontally communicated; the plug is inserted into the jack and is limited to rotate; the spline shaft section of the camshaft is inserted into the cam shaft holes and is limited to rotate; the positioning stop block and the pressing mechanism are arranged on the clamp seat and are respectively positioned at two sides of the vertical plate; an outer baffle piece for limiting the outer baffle of the cam shaft is arranged on one side surface of the insert block, which is opposite to the positioning baffle block; the pressing mechanism is used for generating pressure towards the direction of the positioning stop block on the insertion block.

Further, the camshaft bore includes a splined bore section and a circular bore section.

Further, two cam shaft holes are formed in the insert block.

Further, the outer baffle is a screw; the screw is fixed on the plug block, and the head of the screw is positioned at the port of the camshaft hole and is blocked outwards to limit the outward movement of the camshaft in the screw.

Further, the compressing mechanism comprises a driving cylinder and a pressing block; the output end of the driving cylinder is vertically upwards and connected with the pressing block, and an inclined pressing surface is arranged on the pressing block towards one side of the inserting block.

Further, the driving cylinder adopts a pneumatic telescopic cylinder or a hydraulic telescopic cylinder.

The utility model has the beneficial effects that:

the fixture can clamp a plurality of workpieces and mill double surfaces (namely a first plane and a second plane), so that the processing efficiency can be improved in multiple times, and the production cost is reduced;

secondly, the fixture of the utility model can ensure that the positioning center of each camshaft is equal in height after clamping and each camshaft can not rotate loose because the spline hole section of each camshaft is inserted into each camshaft hole of the insert block to be limited to rotate and the insert block is inserted into the insert hole to be limited to rotate, and can ensure the flatness of the processing surface (namely the first plane and the second plane) and the dimensional precision of the processing surface (namely the first plane and the second plane) to the central line of the camshaft;

thirdly, the clamp is blocked by the contact of the positioning stop block and is positioned accurately in the axial direction due to the fact that one end face (right end face) of each cam shaft on the insert block is contacted by the positioning stop block during clamping, the other end face (left end face) of each cam shaft on the insert block is limited by the outer stop of the outer stop piece on the insert block, the insert block and each cam shaft on the insert block cannot slide left and right to loosen when the insert block is pressed by the pressing mechanism, accurate reference positioning in the axial direction of each cam shaft can be ensured, the flat part to be processed corresponds to the position of the milling cutter accurately, and the dimensional precision of the first plane and the second plane of each cam shaft flat part in the axial direction of the first plane and the second plane of each cam shaft flat part are ensured to be symmetrical and consistent;

fourthly, the pressing mechanism drives the pressing block to move upwards through the driving cylinder, the pressing block pushes the inserting block to slide towards the positioning stop block through the inclined pressing surface of the pressing block, and the convex shaft section of the cam shaft on the inserting block can be finally contacted and abutted against the positioning stop block, so that the cam shaft can be axially positioned and pressed, and meanwhile, the cam shaft is limited to rotate, and is automatically positioned and pressed through the pressing mechanism, so that time and labor are saved;

fifthly, the pressing mechanism drives the pressing block to move downwards through the driving cylinder when the clamp is loosened, the pressing block is positioned at the inserting block downwards and then can slide and pull out the inserting block and the whole camshaft (the assembly) on the inserting block outwards, so that the clamp is not interfered, is very convenient to operate, and is convenient to insert back again and press quickly after the assembly is turned over;

sixth, each cam shaft is inserted into each cam shaft hole on the insert block to be limited by the outer baffle and assembled into an assembly during clamping, and after a first plane of the assembly is processed, the assembly can be integrally taken out and then turned over again to be inserted back for compression to complete secondary compression, and then a second plane of the assembly can be processed by quick surface changing, so that the working efficiency can be improved, the cost can be reduced, and the requirements on parallelism and symmetry between two processing surfaces (namely the first plane and the second plane) on each cam shaft can be ensured.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a camshaft.

Fig. 2 is a front-rear comparison of two planes on a milled flat of a camshaft.

Fig. 3-4 are perspective views of a multiple workpiece milling fixture in accordance with the present utility model.

Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the insert block.

Fig. 6 is a perspective view of the insert block.

Fig. 7 is a perspective view of the hold-down mechanism.

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a camshaft section of a camshaft inserted into a camshaft bore of an insert block to a bottom position to be retained by an outer retainer.

Fig. 9 is a perspective view of fig. 8.

Fig. 10 is a perspective view of a multiple workpiece milling fixture of the present utility model when an assembly is to be inserted into a receptacle.

Fig. 11 is a front view of a multiple workpiece milling fixture of the present utility model with the assembly inserted into the receptacle and bottomed.

Fig. 12 is a perspective view of fig. 11.

Fig. 13 is a perspective view of a multi-workpiece milling fixture of the present utility model when the oblique pressing surface of the insert block presses the insert block on the pressing mechanism.

Fig. 14 is a front view of a multiple workpiece milling fixture of the present utility model in milling a first plane of each camshaft.

Fig. 15 is a front view of a multiple workpiece milling fixture of the present utility model in milling a second plane of each camshaft.

Detailed Description

The utility model is further illustrated by the following examples in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

examples: referring to fig. 3-7, a multi-workpiece milling fixture is used for clamping a camshaft N and comprises a fixture seat 1, an insert block 2, a positioning stop block 3 and a pressing mechanism 4;

referring to fig. 3-4, the fixture seat 1 is provided with a bottom plate and a vertical plate 1-1, and the lower end of the vertical plate 1-1 is fixedly connected with the middle part of the upper surface of the bottom plate; the vertical plate 1-1 is provided with an insertion hole 1-2 which is communicated in the horizontal left-right direction;

referring to fig. 3-4, the insert 2 is inserted into the receptacle 1-2 and is restrained from rotation. Specifically, the insertion hole 1-2 is a non-circular hole; the cross section of the plug 2 is matched with the shape of the jack 1-2; the insert 2 is limited in rotation (not rotated with each other due to non-circular engagement) by sliding only left and right when inserted into the insertion hole 1-2.

Referring to fig. 3-4, the insertion holes 1-2 are preferably flat holes; the shape of the plug 2 is flat matched with the plug.

Referring to fig. 5-6, the insert block 2 is provided with a plurality of cam shaft holes 2-1 side by side at equal heights, and the spline shaft section N-1 of the cam shaft N is inserted into the cam shaft holes 2-1 and is restrained from rotating. Specifically, the camshaft bore 2-1 includes a splined bore section 2-11 and a circular bore section 2-12. The spline hole section 2-11 is matched with the spline shaft section N-1 of the male shaft section N-3, and cannot rotate relatively due to spline fit; the inner hole of the round hole section 2-12 is matched with the outer diameter of the protruding shaft section N-3, and the left side of the protruding shaft section N-3 is partially positioned in the round hole section 2-12 and is concentrically matched during assembly, so that the positioning accuracy (namely, the height reference is positioned) is ensured.

Referring to fig. 5-6, in this embodiment, two cam shaft holes 2-1 are provided on the insert 2, and two cam shaft segments N-3 can be inserted respectively, so that two workpieces can be processed by one clamping. In other embodiments, the number of the cam shaft holes 2-1 may be greater than 2, and the method and principle are the same, so that description is omitted.

See fig. 3-4, wherein the hold-down mechanism 4 and the positioning stop 3 are arranged on the clamp seat 1 and are respectively positioned at the left side and the right side of the vertical plate 1-1.

Specifically, the positioning block 3 is fixed on the fixture seat 1 and is positioned on the right side of the vertical plate 1-1.

Referring to fig. 3-4, the insert block 2 is provided with an outer stop 2-2 for limiting the outer stop of the camshaft N on a side facing away from the positioning stop 3. Referring to fig. 9, specifically, an outer stopper 2-2 for limiting the outer stopper of the camshaft N is provided on the left side surface of the insert block 2.

Referring to fig. 5-6, in the present embodiment, an outer stop 2-2 for limiting the outer stop of the camshaft N is provided on the left side surface of the insert block 2.

Referring to fig. 5-6, further, the outer stopper 2-2 is a screw; the screw is fixed on the insert block 2, the head of the screw is positioned at the cam shaft hole 2-1, and the head of the screw is externally blocked on the left end face of the limiting cam shaft N to limit the axial left movement of the inner cam shaft N (see figure 9).

In addition, in other embodiments, the outer blocking member 2-2 may be a blocking ring or a blocking plate, and may be fixed on the left side surface of the insert block 2 to block the cam shaft N in the cam shaft hole 2-1 of the insert block 2 from moving leftwards (outwards).

Fig. 3 to 4 can be seen, wherein the pressing mechanism 4 is used for generating pressure on the insert block 2 towards the positioning block 3 so as to enable the convex shaft section N-3 of the cam shaft N on the insert block 2 to be in contact and abutted against the positioning block 3.

Referring to fig. 7, in the present embodiment, the pressing mechanism 4 includes a driving cylinder 4-1 and a pressing block 4-2; the driving cylinder 4-1 is vertically and fixedly installed on the fixture seat 1, the output end of the driving cylinder 4-1 is vertically upwards and fixedly connected with the lower end of the pressing block 4-2, and an inclined pressing surface 4-21 (see fig. 3-4) is arranged on one side of the pressing block 4-2, which faces the inserting block 2. Specifically, the driving cylinder 4-1 is a pneumatic telescopic cylinder or a hydraulic telescopic cylinder.

Preferably, the pressing block 4-2 is provided with two pressing parts, two inclined pressing surfaces 4-21 are respectively arranged on the two pressing parts, and two parts of the left side surface of the inserting block 2 can be respectively pressed during pressing, so that the stability and the reliability during pressing can be improved.

When in use, the clamp is fixedly arranged on a workbench of the milling machine. The operation steps of the two flat-milling parts for the camshaft N can be as follows:

firstly, respectively inserting spline shaft sections N-1 of two camshafts N into two camshaft holes 2-1 on an insertion block 2 until the spline shaft sections are limited by an outer baffle 2-2 (namely the heads of screws) to form an assembly (see fig. 8-9);

secondly, the assembly is inserted into the insertion hole 1-2 as a whole through the insertion block 2 (fig. 10), and then the assembly is slid rightwards until the right end surfaces of the two camshafts N are contacted by the positioning stop blocks 3 to be blocked (fig. 11-12);

thirdly, starting a driving cylinder 4-1 of the compressing mechanism 4 to work, wherein the driving cylinder 4-1 drives the pressing block 4-2 to move upwards until an inclined pressing surface 4-21 on the pressing block 4-2 contacts and compresses the left side surface of the inserting block 2 and keeps a pressure state, and at the moment, the inserting block 2 cannot slide left and right; the right end faces of the two camshafts N are simultaneously contacted and abutted with the left side face of the positioning stop block 3, and the left end faces of the two camshafts N are contacted and abutted with the outer stop piece 2-2; the two camshafts N cannot slide left and right and are limited to rotate so as to finish positioning and clamping (can be combined with figures 13-14);

fourthly, starting the disc milling cutter of the milling machine to rotate and driving the workbench and the clamp on the workbench to horizontally move (specifically, the workbench horizontally moves relative to each other along the radial direction of the disc milling cutter, namely, the feeding movement), so that the first plane N-31 (see figure 14) of the two camshafts N with equal height on the clamp can be milled;

fifthly, starting a driving cylinder 4-1 of the compressing mechanism 4 to work, wherein the driving cylinder 4-1 drives the pressing block 4-2 to descend to the bottom (namely, loosening compression) and then extracting the assembly;

step six, turning over the assembly (namely, rotating the insert block 2 by 180 degrees to enable the first plane N-31 of the upper cam shaft N to be downward), and then inserting the assembly back into the insertion hole 1-2 again;

seventh, the pressing mechanism 4 is restarted to work and the insert block 2 is pressed again (refer to fig. 15);

eighth step, the disc milling cutter of the milling machine is restarted to rotate and the workbench and the clamp on the workbench are driven to horizontally move (specifically, the workbench horizontally moves relatively along the radial direction of the disc milling cutter, namely, the feeding motion), so that the milling of a second plane N-32 (see fig. 15) on the two camshafts N with equal heights on the clamp can be realized;

and ninth, restarting the pressing mechanism 4 to work, wherein the driving cylinder 4-1 drives the pressing block 4-2 to descend to the bottom (namely, loosening pressing) and then extracting the assembly, and then taking out the two processed camshafts N, so that the processing of two planes (a first plane N-31 and a second plane N-32) of the upper flat parts of the two camshafts N is completed.

The clamp of the utility model has the following characteristics and is analyzed as follows:

firstly, the clamp can clamp a plurality of workpieces and mill double faces (namely a first plane and a second plane), so that the machining efficiency can be improved by times, and the production cost is reduced;

secondly, as the spline hole section of each camshaft N is inserted into each camshaft hole 2-1 of the insert block 2 and is limited to rotate, and the insert block 2 is inserted into the insert hole 1-2 and is limited to rotate, the same height of the positioning center of each camshaft N after clamping can be ensured, each camshaft N can not rotate and loose, the flatness of a processing surface (namely a first plane and a second plane) and the dimensional precision of the processing surface (namely the first plane and the second plane) to the central line of the camshaft N can be ensured;

thirdly, as one end face (right end face) of each camshaft N on the insert block 2 is contacted by the positioning stop block 3 during clamping and is blocked and positioned accurately in the axial direction, the other end face (left end face) of each camshaft N on the insert block 2 is limited by the outer stop of the outer stop piece 2-2 on the insert block 2, when the insert block 2 is pressed by the pressing mechanism 4, the insert block 2 and each camshaft N on the insert block 2 cannot slide left and right to loosen, the accurate reference positioning of each camshaft in the axial direction can be ensured, the flat part to be processed corresponds to the position of the milling cutter accurately, and the dimensional accuracy of the first plane and the second plane of each camshaft N in the axial direction can be ensured, and the first plane and the second plane of each camshaft N are symmetrical and consistent;

fourthly, as the pressing mechanism 4 drives the pressing block 4-2 to move upwards through the driving cylinder 4-1, the pressing block 4-2 pushes the inserting block 2 to slide towards the positioning stop block 3 through the inclined pressing surface 4-21 of the pressing block, and finally the convex shaft section N-3 of the cam shaft N on the inserting block 2 is contacted and abutted against the positioning stop block 3, the cam shaft N can be positioned and pressed axially, and meanwhile, the cam shaft N is limited to rotate, so that automatic positioning and pressing are realized, and time and labor are saved;

fifthly, as the pressing mechanism 4 drives the pressing block 4-2 to move downwards through the driving cylinder 4-1 when the pressing block is loosened, the pressing block 4-2 is positioned at the lower position of the inserting block 2 after descending, and then the inserting block 2 and the whole camshaft N (assembly) on the inserting block can be pulled out in an outward sliding way, so that interference is avoided, and the operation is very convenient;

sixth, each camshaft N is inserted into each camshaft hole 2-1 on the insert block 2 and is limited by an external stop and assembled into an assembly during clamping, and after a first plane of the assembly is processed, the assembly can be integrally taken out and then turned over again for back-insertion compaction to complete secondary compaction, and then a second plane of the assembly can be processed by quick surface changing, so that the working efficiency can be improved, the cost can be reduced, and the requirements on parallelism and symmetry between two processing surfaces (namely the first plane and the second plane) on each camshaft N can be ensured.

Therefore, the clamp can simultaneously solve the technical problems that the existing clamp is easy to rotate and loose when used for milling and clamping two planes of the flat part of the cam shaft, the parallelism and the central symmetry are difficult to ensure, and the efficiency is low due to single piece processing.

The foregoing describes in detail preferred embodiments of the present utility model. It should be understood that numerous modifications and variations can be made in accordance with the concepts of the utility model by one of ordinary skill in the art without undue burden. Therefore, all technical solutions which can be obtained by logic analysis, reasoning or limited experiments based on the prior art by the person skilled in the art according to the inventive concept shall be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.

Claims (6)

1. The utility model provides a multiplex spare milling fixture for clamping camshaft (N), its characterized in that: comprises a clamp seat (1), an inserting block (2), a positioning stop block (3) and a compressing mechanism (4);

the fixture seat (1) is provided with a vertical plate (1-1), and the vertical plate (1-1) is provided with a jack (1-2) which is horizontally communicated;

the insertion block (2) is inserted into the insertion hole (1-2) and is limited to rotate;

the insert block (2) is provided with a plurality of cam shaft holes (2-1) in parallel at equal height, and a spline shaft section (N-1) of the cam shaft (N) is inserted into the cam shaft holes (2-1) and is limited to rotate;

the positioning stop block (3) and the pressing mechanism (4) are arranged on the clamp seat (1) and are respectively positioned at two sides of the vertical plate (1-1);

an outer baffle (2-2) for limiting the outer baffle of the camshaft (N) is arranged on one side surface of the insert block (2) opposite to the positioning baffle block (3);

the pressing mechanism (4) is used for generating pressure towards the direction of the positioning stop block (3) on the insertion block (2).

2. The multiple workpiece milling fixture of claim 1, wherein: the camshaft hole (2-1) comprises a splined hole section (2-11) and a round hole section (2-12).

3. A multiple workpiece milling fixture as defined in claim 2, wherein: two cam shaft holes (2-1) are formed in the insertion block (2).

4. A multiple workpiece milling fixture as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the outer baffle (2-2) is a screw; the screw is fixed on the insert block (2), and the head of the screw is positioned at the port of the camshaft hole (2-1) and is blocked outwards to limit the outward movement of the camshaft (N) in the camshaft hole.

5. A multiple workpiece milling fixture as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the compressing mechanism (4) comprises a driving cylinder (4-1) and a pressing block (4-2);

the output end of the driving cylinder (4-1) is vertically upwards and connected with the pressing block (4-2), and an inclined pressing surface (4-21) is arranged on one side of the pressing block (4-2) towards the inserting block (2).

6. The multiple workpiece milling fixture of claim 5, wherein: the driving cylinder (4-1) adopts a pneumatic telescopic cylinder or a hydraulic telescopic cylinder.