CN220155051U - Optical experiment demonstration instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses an optical experiment demonstration instrument, which belongs to the technical field of physical experiment instruments and comprises a lens cone, a light source and a light screen, wherein the light source and the light screen are respectively arranged at two ends of the lens cone, light rays emitted by the light source penetrate through an inner cavity of the lens cone along the axial direction of the lens cone and irradiate onto the light screen, a plurality of clamping grooves are formed in a barrel body of the lens cone at intervals along the propagation path of the light rays, different optical elements are arranged in the clamping grooves according to experiment requirements, each optical element comprises a functional part and a clamping part, the functional part penetrates into the inner cavity of the lens cone, and the clamping parts are clamped on the clamping grooves. The utility model can meet the requirements of various optical experiments by adopting the lens barrel to connect the light source and the light screen and arranging the clamping grooves for installing different optical elements on the lens barrel, and the whole device has simple structure, simple installation and convenient carrying.

Description

Optical experiment demonstration instrument

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of physical experimental instruments, in particular to an optical experiment demonstration instrument.

Background

The physics is an experimental subject, and the demonstration of the physics experiments is helpful for students to understand theoretical knowledge, and at present, the demonstration of optical experiments is mostly completed by adopting an optical bench. The optical bench is a multifunctional universal optical instrument, and is composed of guide rail, slide seat (bench), light source, adjustable slit, image screen and holders, and optical elements such as lens, prism and polaroid are used to form optical system.

The existing optical bench is completed by adopting a clamp holder for fixing an optical element, and the clamp holder is installed or clamped by the optical element, so that a large space is occupied, and the optical element is inconvenient to use and carry.

The prior patent literature also discloses a plurality of optical instruments in the form of optical benches, for example, chinese patent with the grant publication number of CN210466954U discloses a demonstration teaching aid for optical physical experiments, which comprises a bottom plate, wherein an adjusting groove is formed in the bottom plate, a plurality of sliding cylinders are clamped in the adjusting groove, sliding rods are clamped in the sliding cylinders, locking bolts are sleeved on the outer walls of the sliding cylinders, a pressing plate is arranged at the bottoms of the sliding cylinders, the locking bolts are arranged on the pressing plate, a light source, a lens holder, a small pore plate, a slit plate and a projection screen are sequentially arranged at the tops of the sliding rods, and a light source candle and a laser pen are respectively and fixedly clamped at the tops of the sliding rods. According to the scheme, the optical element is installed through the sliding cylinder and the sliding rod, the sliding cylinder is installed in the adjusting groove to achieve fixation, and although corresponding experiments can be completed, the problems of complex installation, inconvenient use and inconvenient carrying exist.

For example, chinese patent with application publication number CN106898216a discloses a convolution theorem optical experiment instrument, which comprises a base, the base middle part is provided with the guide rail, the guide rail traverses the both ends of base, the semiconductor laser has been set gradually from left to right above the guide rail, first quadrature grating, second quadrature grating and light screen, semiconductor laser, first quadrature grating, second quadrature grating and light screen all are connected with the guide rail through the support body, the support body includes the slide, fix sleeve and the telescopic link of cover in the sleeve on the slide, the both ends block of slide is in the both sides of guide rail, the slide can slide along the guide rail. The proposal is similar to the proposal of CN210466954U, adopts the form of a common optical bench, has the structure of fixing optical elements such as a guide rail, a bracket body and the like, and generally still has the problems of complex installation and inconvenient use and carrying.

In summary, the conventional optical bench can complete the related optical experiments, but has problems of inconvenience in use, and inconvenience in carrying due to the complicated structure of mounting the optical element and the specification of each optical element.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims to provide an optical experiment demonstration instrument which solves the problems in the prior art, and the optical experiment demonstration instrument can meet the requirements of various optical experiments by adopting a lens barrel to connect a light source and a light screen and arranging clamping grooves for installing different optical elements on the lens barrel.

In order to achieve the above object, the present utility model provides the following solutions:

the utility model provides an optical experiment demonstration instrument which comprises a lens cone, a light source and a light screen, wherein the light source and the light screen are respectively arranged at two ends of the lens cone, light rays emitted by the light source penetrate through an inner cavity of the lens cone along the axial direction of the lens cone and irradiate the light screen, a plurality of clamping grooves are formed in a barrel body of the lens cone at intervals along the propagation path of the light rays, different optical elements are arranged in the clamping grooves according to experiment requirements, each optical element comprises a functional part and a clamping part which are connected with each other, the functional part penetrates into the inner cavity of the lens cone, and the clamping parts are clamped on the clamping grooves.

Preferably, the clamping groove is of a semicircular structure, the clamping part is of a semicircular structure, and the semicircular structure is clamped into the semicircular structure to seal the clamping groove.

Preferably, the functional part is a disc type structure, and an outer diameter of the disc type structure is smaller than or equal to an inner diameter of the lens barrel.

Preferably, the disc-shaped structure is rotatably connected with the semi-annular structure.

Preferably, the semi-annular structure is provided with a through hole, a reference line is arranged at the through hole, and scale marks are arranged on the circumferential surface of the disc-type structure.

Preferably, the disc-type structure is a polarizer, a lambda/2 wave plate, a lambda/4 wave plate, a biprism, a convex lens, a pinhole plate, a slit plate or an object screen.

Preferably, the lens barrel comprises a support, wherein the bottom of the support is a supporting plane, and the top of the support is provided with an arc-shaped groove matched with the outer peripheral surface of the lens barrel.

Preferably, the lens-barrel optical element comprises a box body and a cover body, wherein an imitation groove is formed in the box body, lens barrels, optical elements, supports, light screens and light sources are placed in different imitation grooves, buckles are arranged at two ends of the box body, and the cover body is buckled on the box body and clamped by the buckles.

Preferably, the light source and the light screen each include an insertion portion that penetrates into the lens barrel in an axial direction, and a locking screw is provided on the lens barrel in a radial direction, and an end of the locking screw abuts against a side wall of the insertion portion.

Preferably, the light source comprises a semiconductor laser and a beam expander detachably mounted on the semiconductor laser.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following technical effects:

(1) According to the utility model, the lens barrel is used for connecting the light source and the light screen, and the clamping grooves for installing different optical elements are formed in the lens barrel, so that the requirements of various optical experiments can be met, and the whole device has a simple structure, is simple to install and is convenient to carry;

(2) The optical element comprises a functional part and a clamping part, wherein the functional part is of a disc-shaped structure, the clamping part is of a semi-annular structure, the disc-shaped structure is rotationally connected with the semi-annular structure, the angle of the optical element can be adjusted, and further an experiment requiring a rotation angle can be completed; in addition, the semi-annular structure is provided with a through hole, a reference line is arranged at the through hole, the circumference surface of the disc-shaped structure is provided with scale lines, and the rotating angle of the disc-shaped structure can be defined through the corresponding relation between the scale lines and the reference line, so that the experiment can be accurately carried out;

(3) The utility model comprises a box body, each component can be effectively fixed through the imitation groove in the box body, and the box is further convenient to store and carry; the box body can also comprise a cover body, and the sealing and dust prevention of each component in the box body can be ensured through the arrangement of the cover body, so that effective protection is realized.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the installation state of the present utility model;

FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the storage state of the present utility model;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a lens barrel according to the present utility model;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the light screen of the present utility model;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of an explosion structure of a light source according to the present utility model;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the object screen of the present utility model;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of the present utility model's small pore sheet;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a double prism and convex lens structure according to the present utility model;

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a polarizer, lambda/2 plate, lambda/4 plate of the present utility model;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a slit sheet structure according to the present utility model;

1, a lens barrel; 11. a clamping groove; 12. a locking screw; 2. a light source; 21. a semiconductor laser; 22. a beam expander; 3. a light screen; 4. a bracket; 5. an optical element; 51. an object screen; 52. a small hole sheet; 53. a biprism; 54. a convex lens; 55. a polarizing plate; 551. a reference line; 552. scale marks; 56. a lambda/2 wave plate; 57. a lambda/4 wave plate; 58. slit sheets; 6. a case body; 7. and a cover body.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present utility model will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present utility model, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the utility model without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the utility model.

The utility model aims to provide an optical experiment demonstration instrument which solves the problems in the prior art, and the optical experiment demonstration instrument can meet the requirements of various optical experiments by adopting a lens barrel to connect a light source and a light screen and arranging clamping grooves for installing different optical elements on the lens barrel, and has the advantages of simple structure, simplicity in installation and convenience in carrying.

In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present utility model will become more readily apparent, a more particular description of the utility model will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings and appended detailed description.

As shown in fig. 1 to 10, the present utility model provides an optical experiment demonstrating instrument, comprising a lens barrel 1, a light source 2 and a light screen 3, wherein the light source 2 and the light screen 3 are respectively installed at two ends of the lens barrel 1. The light source 2 can emit parallel light or expanded light according to experimental requirements, and light emitted by the light source 2 can penetrate through the inner cavity of the lens cone 1 along the axial direction of the lens cone 1 and irradiate on the light screen 3. A plurality of clamping grooves 11 are formed in the barrel body of the lens barrel 1 at intervals along the light propagation path, and different optical elements 5 are installed in the clamping grooves 11 according to experimental requirements. The light emitted by the light source 2 passes through the optical element 5 and then presents different imaging on the light screen 3, and different experiments are completed by replacing different optical elements 5. Each optical element 5 comprises a functional part and a clamping part which are mutually connected, wherein the functional part penetrates into the inner cavity of the lens barrel 1 and is used for carrying out related experiments when light passes through, and the clamping part is clamped on the clamping groove 11 and is used for limiting and fixing the functional part. The clamping part can be further provided with a bulge which is convenient to take by hands, thereby being convenient for the installation and the disassembly of the optical element 5.

As shown in fig. 3, the clamping groove 11 is of a semicircular structure, and the clamping part of the optical element 5 is of a semicircular structure, the optical element 5 can be fixed by clamping the semicircular structure into the semicircular structure, the width of the semicircular structure can be matched with the width of the semicircular structure, after the two structures are clamped and connected, the semicircular structure can be closed, namely, after the optical element 5 is clamped into the clamping groove 11, the clamping groove 11 can be closed, at the moment, when the light emitted by the light source 2 irradiates the light screen 3, the influence of external light can be reduced, and an optical experiment can be better carried out.

As shown in fig. 6 to 10, the functional portion of the optical element 5 has a disk-shaped structure, and the outer diameter of the disk-shaped structure is smaller than or equal to the inner diameter of the lens barrel 1, so that the disk-shaped structure can be smoothly engaged into the optical path inside the lens barrel 1. In addition, the outer diameter of the disc-shaped structure is closer to or equal to the inner diameter of the lens barrel 1, so that light penetrating through a gap between the disc-shaped structure and the lens barrel 1 can be reduced, the utilization of effective light in experiments is further ensured, and the experimental effect is improved.

The disc-shaped structure of the optical element 5 is rotationally connected with the semi-annular structure, specifically, a chute can be arranged on the inner diameter side of the semi-annular structure, an arc-shaped sliding block matched with the chute is arranged on the outer diameter side of the disc-shaped structure, and the arc-shaped sliding block is slidably arranged in the chute, so that the disc-shaped structure and the semi-annular structure can relatively rotate, the angle of the optical element 5 can be adjusted, and further an experiment requiring a rotating angle can be completed.

As shown in fig. 9, a through hole can be formed in the semi-annular structure, a reference line 551 is arranged at the through hole, scale lines 552 are arranged on the circumferential surface of the disc-shaped structure, and the rotation angle of the disc-shaped structure can be defined through the corresponding relation between the scale lines 552 and the reference line 551, so that the experiment can be accurately performed.

As shown in fig. 6 to 10, the disk-like structure may be a polarizing plate 55, a λ/2 plate 56, a λ/4 plate 57, a double prism 53, a convex lens 54, a pinhole plate 52, a slit plate 58, or an object plane 51. The object screen 51 may be a 1-shaped object screen 51, a small round hole is formed in the middle of the small hole piece 52, the double prism 53 and the convex lens 54 are configured as shown in fig. 8, the polaroid 55, the lambda/2 wave plate 56 and the lambda/4 wave plate 57 are configured as shown in fig. 9, and the slit piece 58 is configured as shown in fig. 10.

As shown in fig. 1, the lens barrel 1 comprises a support 4, the bottom of the support 4 is a supporting plane, the lens barrel 1 can be stably supported on a table top, an arc-shaped groove matched with the outer peripheral surface of the lens barrel 1 is formed in the top of the support 4, the lens barrel 1 can be stably placed in the arc-shaped groove, and the support 4 is used for stably supporting the lens barrel 1.

As shown in fig. 2, the box comprises a box body 6 and a cover body 7, wherein an imitation groove is formed in the box body 6, and elastic materials such as sponge or rubber can be used for forming the imitation groove, so that the materials can not only stably limit articles placed in the imitation groove, but also play a role in buffering and protecting the placed articles when carrying and moving the box body 6, and collision damage is avoided. The lens cone 1, the optical element 5, the bracket 4, the light screen 3, the light source 2 and other articles are placed in different profiling grooves. The both ends of box body 6 are provided with the buckle, and lid 7 lock relies on the buckle chucking on box body 6, and the inside of lid 7 can be provided with spongy structure, is convenient for extrude fixedly and protect the article in the box body 6.

As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the light source 2 and the light screen 3 respectively include an insertion portion that extends into the lens barrel 1 in the axial direction, and the outer diameter side of the insertion portion may be screwed with the inner diameter side of the lens barrel 1, or a locking screw 12 is provided on the lens barrel 1 in the radial direction, and an end portion of the locking screw 12 abuts against a side wall of the insertion portion, so that the position of the insertion portion in the lens barrel 1 is fixed, that is, the light source 2 and the light screen 3 are respectively mounted with the lens barrel 1.

As shown in fig. 5, the light source 2 includes a semiconductor laser 21 and a beam expander 22 detachably mounted on the semiconductor laser 21, and the types of light required for performing different experiments are different, so that the light source 2 is required to be capable of emitting different light. When parallel light is required, the semiconductor laser 21 may be mounted, and when light expansion is required, the beam expander 22 may be mounted on the light propagation path of the semiconductor laser 21.

The utility model provides the following specific examples of relevant experiments:

qualitative exploration of the light intensity distribution phenomenon of single slit diffraction:

the semiconductor laser 21 (excluding the beam expander 22) is mounted at one end of the lens barrel 1, the slit sheet 58 is mounted at one of the clamping grooves 11, and the light screen 3 is mounted at the other end of the lens barrel 1. The light source 2 is turned on, and the position and slit width of the slit sheet 58 are adjusted, so that diffraction fringes can be obtained on the light screen 3.

Example two, exploration of polarization characteristics of light:

a semiconductor laser 21 (excluding the beam expander 22) is mounted at one end of the lens barrel 1, one polarizing plate 55 is placed at one of the clamping grooves 11, a second polarizing plate 55 is placed at the next clamping groove 11, and the light screen 3 is mounted at the other end of the lens barrel 1. The light source 2 is turned on, one of the polarizers 55 is rotated, and the brightness change of the light spot on the light screen 3 is observed, so that the light polarization characteristic is explored.

Example study of properties of lambda/2 waveplates:

the light source 2 is mounted at one end of the lens barrel 1, one polarizing plate 55 is placed at one of the clamping grooves 11, the second polarizing plate 55 is placed at the other clamping groove 11, and the light screen 3 is mounted at the other end of the lens barrel 1. Turning on the light source 2, rotating one of the polarizers 55, observing the light spot on the light screen 3, placing the lambda/2 wave plate 56 at the clamping groove 11 between the two polarizers 55 after the light spot disappears (hereinafter referred to as "extinction"), rotating the lambda/2 wave plate 56, and recording the rotation angle of the lambda/2 wave plate 56 and the rotation angle of the polarizers 55 when extinction is generated again, thereby realizing the study of the properties of the lambda/2 wave plate 56.

Example four, investigation of lambda/4 wave plate properties:

a semiconductor laser 21 (excluding the beam expander 22) is mounted at one end of the lens barrel 1, one polarizing plate 55 is placed at one of the clamping grooves 11, a second polarizing plate 55 is placed at the other clamping groove 11, and the light screen 3 is mounted at the other end of the lens barrel 1. Turning on the light source 2, rotating one of the polaroids 55, observing light spots on the light screen 3, when extinction occurs, placing the lambda/4 wave plate 57 at the clamping groove 11 between the two polaroids 55, rotating the lambda/4 wave plate 57, and recording the readings of the lambda/4 wave plate 57 when extinction occurs again on the light screen 3, rotating the lambda/4 wave plate 57 by 15 degrees, rotating the second polaroid 55 for one circle, and recording the light intensity change on the light screen 3; then the lambda/4 wave plate 57 is rotated by 15 degrees, the second polaroid 55 is rotated for one circle, and the light intensity change on the light screen 3 is observed; every time the rotation is 15 degrees, the cumulative rotation is 90 degrees, and then the research of the properties of the lambda/4 wave plate 57 is realized.

Example five, pinhole imaging:

the semiconductor laser 21 together with the beam expander 22 is mounted at one end of the lens barrel 1, the object screen 51 is placed at the card slot 11 near the light source 2, the pinhole piece 52 is placed at the next card slot 11, and the light screen 3 is mounted at the other end of the lens barrel 1. By turning on the light source 2, a real image of the object screen 51 inverted on the light screen 3 can be obtained.

Example six, quantitative study of convex lens imaging:

the semiconductor laser 21 is mounted at one end of the lens barrel 1 together with the beam expander 22, the object screen 51 is placed at the card slot 11 near the light source 2, the convex lens 54 is placed at the next card slot 11, and the light screen 3 is mounted at the other end of the lens barrel 1. When the light source 2 is turned on, the locking screw 12 is loosened, and the position of the light screen 3 is moved back and forth, a real image of the object screen 51 standing upside down can be obtained on the light screen 3. (illustrating that the convex lens 54 has a focal length 4 times smaller than the length of the lens barrel 1)

Example seven, observation of biprism interference phenomenon:

the semiconductor laser 21 is mounted at one end of the lens barrel 1 together with the beam expander 22, the slit sheet 58 is mounted at one of the clamping grooves 11, the double prism 53 is placed at the next clamping groove 11, and the light screen 3 is mounted at the other end of the lens barrel 1. By turning on the light source 2 and adjusting the tilt direction and width of the slit sheet 58, interference fringes can be obtained on the light screen 3.

The principles and embodiments of the present utility model have been described in detail with reference to specific examples, which are provided to facilitate understanding of the method and core ideas of the present utility model; also, it is within the scope of the present utility model to be modified by those of ordinary skill in the art in light of the present teachings. In view of the foregoing, this description should not be construed as limiting the utility model.

Claims (10)

1. An optical experiment demonstration instrument is characterized in that: the optical element comprises a functional part and a clamping part which are connected with each other, the functional part penetrates into the inner cavity of the lens barrel, and the clamping part is clamped on the clamping groove.

2. The optical experiment demonstrating instrument according to claim 1, wherein: the clamping groove is of a semicircular structure, the clamping part is of a semicircular structure, and the semicircular structure is clamped into the semicircular structure to seal the clamping groove.

3. The optical experiment demonstrating instrument according to claim 2, characterized in that: the functional part is of a disc type structure, and the outer diameter of the disc type structure is smaller than or equal to the inner diameter of the lens barrel.

4. The optical experiment demonstration instrument according to claim 3 wherein: the disc-shaped structure is rotationally connected with the semi-annular structure.

5. The optical experiment demonstrator of claim 4, wherein: the semi-annular structure is provided with a through hole, a reference line is arranged at the through hole, and scale marks are arranged on the circumferential surface of the disc-type structure.

6. The optical experiment demonstration instrument according to claim 3 wherein: the disc type structure is a polaroid, a lambda/2 wave plate, a lambda/4 wave plate, a biprism, a convex lens, a small hole plate, a slit plate or an object screen.

7. The optical experiment demonstrating instrument according to claim 1, wherein: the lens barrel comprises a support, wherein the bottom of the support is a supporting plane, and an arc-shaped groove matched with the outer peripheral surface of the lens barrel is formed in the top of the support.

8. The optical experiment demonstrator of claim 7, wherein: the lens cone comprises a box body and a cover body, wherein imitation grooves are formed in the box body, lens barrels, optical elements, supports, light screens and light sources are placed in different imitation grooves, buckles are arranged at two ends of the box body, and the cover body is buckled on the box body and clamped by the buckles.

9. The optical experiment demonstrating instrument according to claim 1, wherein: the light source and the light screen respectively comprise an insertion part which penetrates into the lens barrel along the axial direction, a locking screw is arranged on the lens barrel along the radial direction, and the end part of the locking screw is abutted against the side wall of the insertion part.

10. The optical experiment demonstrating instrument according to claim 1, wherein: the light source comprises a semiconductor laser and a beam expander detachably arranged on the semiconductor laser.