CN220153412U - Deepwater blasting charging structure - Google Patents
Deepwater blasting charging structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN220153412U CN220153412U CN202321606680.2U CN202321606680U CN220153412U CN 220153412 U CN220153412 U CN 220153412U CN 202321606680 U CN202321606680 U CN 202321606680U CN 220153412 U CN220153412 U CN 220153412U
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- layer
- blasting
- explosive
- deepwater
- hole
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- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000416 hydrocolloid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002390 adhesive tape Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000037452 priming Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000003908 quality control method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Revetment (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model discloses a deepwater blasting charging structure, which comprises the following components: the blast hole and the strip-shaped explosive column comprise a buffer layer, a reflecting layer, a blasting layer and a sealing layer which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top along the axis direction of the blast hole; the reflecting layer comprises a hemispherical top wall, the blasting layer comprises at least 1 explosive cartridge, when the number of the explosive cartridges is greater than 1, the explosive cartridges are connected along the axis direction of the blast hole, an electronic detonator and a detonating tool are placed in each explosive cartridge, and the electronic detonator is installed in the detonating tool; the closing layer is used for closing the blast hole. The deepwater blasting charge structure absorbs transmission stress waves generated when the blasting layer explodes through the buffer layer, and the hemispherical top wall of the reflecting layer reflects the shock waves in the vertical direction generated when the blasting layer explodes to the horizontal direction, so that the damage degree and range of the blasting to the substrate are effectively reduced, and the breaking effect of rocks between adjacent blastholes is enhanced.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the field of underwater blasting, in particular to a deepwater blasting charging structure.
Background
Drilling and blasting are common blasting modes for underwater foundation construction, and rock mass is broken under the combined action of shock waves generated by explosive explosion and explosive gas, however, the rock mass is broken and the foundation rock at the bottom of a hole is damaged and destroyed. On one hand, the damage and the destruction of the bedrock can cause serious foundation surface overexcavation, on the other hand, the bearing capacity of the bedrock is directly reduced, the foundation excavation engineering with bearing requirements for cross-sea bridges and the like can face the problem of strengthening and reinforcing, and the problem is more remarkable due to the existence of hydrostatic pressure in a deep water environment.
Therefore, the design of the reliable underwater blasting charge structure has important practical significance for the field construction quality control.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to provide a deepwater blasting charging structure which is used for reducing shock waves generated by explosive explosion and damaging hole bottom bedrock by explosive gas.
In order to solve the technical problems, the utility model specifically provides the following technical scheme:
a deep water blast charge structure comprising: the explosion-proof device comprises a blast hole and a strip-shaped explosive column, wherein the strip-shaped explosive column comprises a buffer layer, a reflecting layer, a blasting layer and a sealing layer which are sequentially arranged along the axis direction of the blast hole from bottom to top; the buffer layer is used for absorbing transmission stress waves generated when the blasting layer explodes; the reflecting layer comprises a hemispherical top wall, and the top wall is used for reflecting the shock waves in the vertical direction generated when the blasting layer explodes to the horizontal direction; the blasting layer comprises at least 1 explosive cartridge, when the number of the explosive cartridges is greater than 1, a plurality of explosive cartridges are connected along the axis direction of the blast hole, an electronic detonator and a detonating tool are placed in each explosive cartridge, and the electronic detonator is installed in the detonating tool; the closing layer is used for closing the blast hole.
Further, the buffer layer is coarse sand, the cartridge is a hydrocolloid explosive, and the sealing layer is broken stone.
Further, the reflecting layer is located below the designed elevation at the bottom end of the blast hole, the distance between the reflecting layer and the designed elevation is 1.5 meters, and the total thickness of the reflecting layer and the buffer layer is 0.5 meter.
Further, the upper cover of the detonating tool is provided with a through hole, a detonator hole is formed in the detonating tool, and the electronic detonator penetrates through the through hole and is inserted into the detonator hole after being folded back.
Further, the explosive cartridges are provided with 3 in total, and 3 explosive cartridges are respectively arranged at 1/4, 1/2 and 3/4 of the length of the strip-shaped explosive column.
Further, the leg wire and the protective rope of the electronic detonator are loosely bound together and exposed out of the strip-shaped grain.
Further, the reflecting layer is an iron ball.
Further, the reflecting layer comprises a horizontal bottom wall, and the bottom wall is abutted against the top surface of the buffer layer.
Further, the reflecting layer is in the shape of a hemisphere, a spherical cap, a spherical segment, a spherical head cylinder or a spherical bowl.
Further, a protrusion protruding downward is provided in the middle of the bottom wall, and the protrusion is embedded in the buffer layer.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:
the deepwater blasting charge structure has the advantages that the transmission stress wave generated when the blasting layer explodes is absorbed through the buffer layer, the shock wave in the vertical direction generated when the blasting layer explodes is reflected to the horizontal direction through the hemispherical top wall of the reflecting layer, the damage degree and range of the blasting to the substrate are effectively reduced, and meanwhile the breaking effect of the rock between the adjacent blastholes is enhanced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. It will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that the drawings in the following description are exemplary only and that other implementations can be obtained from the extensions of the drawings provided without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of embodiment 1 of the present utility model;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the initiator according to embodiment 1 of the present utility model;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a reflective layer according to embodiment 2 of the present utility model;
reference numerals in the drawings are respectively as follows:
1-a blast hole; 2-a buffer layer; a 3-reflective layer; 31-top wall; 32-a bottom wall; 33-bump; 4-blasting layer; 41-a cartridge; 42-priming tool; 421-via; 422-thunder pipe holes; 43-electronic detonator; 44-foot line; 5-a closing layer.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present utility model will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present utility model, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the utility model without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the utility model.
In order to solve the problem that the impact wave generated by the explosion of the explosive and the explosive gas damage the bedrock at the bottom of the hole in the underwater blasting process, a deep water blasting charging structure is provided below, please refer to embodiment 1 shown in fig. 1 and 2.
The deepwater blasting charge structure comprises: a blast hole 1, a buffer layer 2, a reflecting layer 3, a blasting layer 4 and a sealing layer 5 which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top along the axis direction of the blast hole 1;
the buffer layer 2 is used for absorbing transmission stress waves generated when the blasting layer 4 explodes;
the reflecting layer 3 includes a hemispherical top wall 31, and the top wall 31 is used for reflecting the shock wave generated by the explosion of the blasting layer 4 in the vertical direction to the horizontal direction;
the blasting layer 4 comprises at least 1 explosive cartridge 41, when the number of the explosive cartridges 41 is greater than 1, the explosive cartridges 41 are connected along the axis direction of the blast hole 1, an electronic detonator 43 and an initiating tool 42 are placed in each explosive cartridge 41, and the electronic detonator 43 is installed in the initiating tool 42;
the closing layer 5 is used for closing the blastholes 1.
Optionally make a choice of
The buffer layer 2 adopts coarse sand, the reflecting layer 3 adopts iron balls, the cartridge 41 adopts phi 120 water gel explosive, the specification of the detonating tool 42 is 400g, and the sealing layer 5 adopts broken stone.
The depth of the rock foundation drilling hole to be blasted and excavated is 30m, wherein the ultra-depth is 2m, the iron ball is positioned below the designed elevation, the center distance of the iron ball is 1.5m from the designed elevation, the total thickness of the iron ball and the buffer layer 2 is 0.5m, and the diameter of the blast hole 1 is 152mm.
The connection modes of the buffer layer 2, the reflecting layer 3 and the blasting layer 4 are as follows: the coarse sand and the iron balls are put into a small woven bag together, then the small woven bag and the medicine roll 41 are put into a large woven bag together, and the woven bag is tightly bound by using an adhesive tape, so that a firm and flat strip-shaped medicine column is formed.
The connection mode of the electronic detonator 43 and the primer 42 is as follows: the upper cover of the detonator 42 is provided with a through hole 421, the inside of the detonator 42 is provided with a detonator hole 422, and the electronic detonator 43 is inserted into the detonator hole 422 after being folded back through the through hole 421.
The connection mode of the priming device 42 and the cartridge 41 is as follows: the initiator 42 and the cartridge 41 are sealed by an adhesive tape to form a whole, and simultaneously, the leg wire 44 of the electronic detonator 43 and the protective rope are loosely bound together and exposed outside the large woven bag.
Supplementary explanation: the material of the reflective layer 3 is a hard material, such as steel, which is capable of not breaking when the blast layer 4 explodes.
The cartridges 41 are provided in total of 3, and the 3 cartridges 41 are provided at 1/4, 1/2 and 3/4 of the length of the strip-shaped cartridges, respectively.
The deep water blasting is performed by:
step one, manufacturing a strip-shaped grain according to the deepwater blasting charging structure in the embodiment 1.
Step two, drilling: after the drilling and blasting boat is positioned, vertical drilling is adopted, a sleeve is lowered onto a bedrock surface according to the hole position coordinates, then a drill rod is lowered into the sleeve to the bedrock surface to start drilling until the drilling depth is reached, and compressed gas is adopted to clean up ballast in the hole.
Step three, charging: after each blast hole 1 is drilled, the drill rod is lifted, the manufactured bar-shaped explosive column is slowly put into the hole along the sleeve, and the protective rope is lightly pulled. When the protective rope is pulled, the force is proper, the violent pulling is avoided, effective measures are taken to prevent the breaking and the grinding, and the sleeve is lifted after the strip-shaped grain is fixed in the hole.
Step four: broken stone blockage: and plugging the blast holes 1 by using broken stones with diameters smaller than 20mm to form a sealing layer 5.
Step five: linking of priming circuit: the electronic detonator 43 is clamped on the bus through the line clamp, the bus is connected with the detonating main line, the joint is subjected to waterproof and waterproof measures, the joint is waterproof and wrapped by silicone grease and an electrical adhesive tape, a plastic bag is sleeved, all the wire clamps and the joint are tied on a foam float, the foam float isolates the joint from the water surface, the detonating main line is loosely tied on a rope, and the detonating main line and the detonator leg wire 44 are prevented from being directly stressed and pulled.
Step six: and (3) detonating: and after the whole line connection operation is finished, safety warning is implemented, and after the drill and detonation ship moves to a safe position and reaches the detonation condition, the detonator is charged for detonation.
In the embodiment 1, the buffer layer 2 made of coarse sand is equivalent to a non-newtonian fluid, and since the impact force generated by explosion is large and the action time is short, when the impact of the vertical direction received by the iron ball is transmitted to the buffer layer 2, the buffer layer 2 cannot be embedded into the buffer layer 2 due to the fact that the deformation is not enough, the top surface of the buffer layer 2 is equivalent to a hard plane, so that the iron ball is stressed and rolled to the side at the moment of explosion, the top surface of the buffer layer 2 is exposed to the impact wave generated by explosion, and then the iron ball cannot well convert the acting force of the vertical direction of the impact towards the hole bottom during explosion into the acting force of the horizontal direction.
Even if the lower half of the iron ball is embedded into the buffer layer 2 in advance, the problem cannot be well solved, in order to smoothly put the medicine bag into the underwater hole, the hole diameter of the drilled hole is necessarily larger than the diameter of the medicine bag, because a larger gap is necessarily present between the buffer layer 2 and the hole wall, when the iron ball rolls towards one side, coarse sand beside the iron ball moves into the gap between the buffer layer 2 and the hole wall along with the iron ball, and the effect of preventing the iron ball from rolling cannot be achieved.
In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the mobility of the reflective layer 3 needs to be reduced, please refer to embodiment 2 shown in fig. 3.
The reflective layer 3 comprises a horizontal bottom wall 32, the bottom wall 32 abutting against the top surface of the buffer layer 2.
The reflecting layer 3 is in the shape of a hemisphere, a spherical cap, a sphere segment, a sphere cylinder or a sphere bowl.
The bottom wall 32 is adapted to rub against the buffer layer 2 upon detonation of the burst disk 4 to prevent lateral movement of the reflective layer 3, thereby reducing the likelihood of the buffer layer 2 being directly exposed to shock waves after lateral movement of the reflective layer 3.
The edges of the hemispheres, crowns and segments are prone to chipping in the blast shock wave, while the bowl is prone to collapsing in the blast shock wave, affecting its reflective properties.
Therefore, the shape of the reflective layer 3 is preferably a ball cylinder.
Further, in order to increase the friction force of the bottom wall 32 and the cushioning layer 2, a protrusion 33 protruding downward is provided in the middle of the bottom wall 32, and the protrusion 33 is embedded inside the cushioning layer 2.
The shape of the protrusion 33 is a hemisphere, and the diameter of the protrusion 33 is smaller than 1/2 of the diameter of the reflective layer 3.
The side wall of the buffer layer 2 collapses between the buffer layer 2 and the blast hole 1 in the blast impact, and the distance between the protrusion 33 and the side wall surface of the buffer layer 2 is large, so that the fitting relationship between the protrusion 33 and the buffer layer 2 is less affected.
The reflective layer 3 is formed by forging.
The above embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model, the scope of which is defined by the claims. Various modifications and equivalent arrangements of this utility model will occur to those skilled in the art, and it is intended to be within the spirit and scope of the utility model as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A deepwater blasting charging structure is characterized in that,
comprising the following steps: the explosion-proof explosive column comprises a blast hole (1) and a strip-shaped explosive column, wherein the strip-shaped explosive column comprises a buffer layer (2), a reflecting layer (3), a blasting layer (4) and a sealing layer (5) which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top along the axis direction of the blast hole (1);
the buffer layer (2) is used for absorbing transmission stress waves generated when the blasting layer (4) explodes;
the reflecting layer (3) comprises a hemispherical top wall (31), and the top wall (31) is used for reflecting a shock wave in the vertical direction generated when the blasting layer (4) explodes to the horizontal direction;
the blasting layer (4) comprises at least 1 explosive cartridge (41), when the number of the explosive cartridges (41) is larger than 1, a plurality of explosive cartridges (41) are connected along the axis direction of the blast hole (1), an electronic detonator (43) and a detonating tool (42) are placed in each explosive cartridge (41), and the electronic detonator (43) is installed in the detonating tool (42);
the sealing layer (5) is used for sealing the blast hole (1).
2. A deepwater blasting charge according to claim 1, wherein,
the buffer layer (2) is coarse sand, the cartridge (41) is a hydrocolloid explosive, and the sealing layer (5) is broken stone.
3. A deepwater blasting charge according to claim 1, wherein,
the reflection layer is positioned below the designed elevation at the bottom end of the blast hole (1), the distance between the reflection layer and the designed elevation is 1.5 meters, and the total thickness of the reflection layer (3) and the buffer layer (2) is 0.5 meter.
4. A deepwater blasting charge according to claim 1, wherein,
the upper cover of initiating explosive (42) is provided with through-hole (421), the inside of initiating explosive (42) is provided with detonator hole (422), electronic detonator (43) are passed through-hole (421) penetrates, inserts after the inflection detonator hole (422).
5. A deepwater blasting charge according to claim 1, wherein,
the explosive cartridges (41) are provided with 3 in total, and 3 explosive cartridges (41) are respectively arranged at 1/4, 1/2 and 3/4 of the length of the strip-shaped explosive column.
6. A deepwater blasting charge according to claim 1, wherein,
the foot line (44) of the electronic detonator (43) and the protective rope are loosely bound together and exposed to the outside of the strip-shaped grain.
7. A deepwater blasting charge according to claim 1, wherein,
the reflecting layer (3) is an iron ball.
8. A deep water blasting charge structure according to any of claims 1 to 6, wherein,
the reflecting layer (3) comprises a horizontal bottom wall (32), and the bottom wall (32) is abutted against the top surface of the buffer layer (2).
9. A deep water blasting charge according to claim 8, wherein the explosive charge is formed from a material selected from the group consisting of,
the reflecting layer (3) is in the shape of a hemisphere, a spherical cap, a sphere gap, a sphere head cylinder or a sphere bowl.
10. A deep water blasting charge according to claim 9, wherein the explosive charge is formed from a material selected from the group consisting of,
a protrusion (33) protruding downwards is arranged in the middle of the bottom wall (32), and the protrusion (33) is embedded in the buffer layer (2).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202321606680.2U CN220153412U (en) | 2023-06-25 | 2023-06-25 | Deepwater blasting charging structure |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202321606680.2U CN220153412U (en) | 2023-06-25 | 2023-06-25 | Deepwater blasting charging structure |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN220153412U true CN220153412U (en) | 2023-12-08 |
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ID=89010251
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202321606680.2U Active CN220153412U (en) | 2023-06-25 | 2023-06-25 | Deepwater blasting charging structure |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN220153412U (en) |
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2023
- 2023-06-25 CN CN202321606680.2U patent/CN220153412U/en active Active
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