CN220138193U - Switching device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a switching device. The switching device includes: a stationary contact assembly; the movable contact assembly comprises a static part and a movable part, the static part comprises a conductor and a shell which are connected with each other, the shell is provided with a first vent hole and a penetrating hole, the movable part comprises a movable contact, a conductive pipe, a connecting plate and a pull rod which are sequentially connected, the movable contact is used for contacting with the static contact assembly, and the pull rod is movably penetrated in the penetrating hole; the conductive tube is provided with a third air hole, and the connecting plate is provided with a fourth air hole; a first cavity is formed by surrounding the conductor, the outer wall of the conductive tube, the connecting plate and the inner wall of the shell, and a third cavity is formed by surrounding the moving contact, the inner wall of the conductive tube and the connecting plate; in the switching-on process of the switching device, gas in the first cavity enters the third cavity through the third vent hole so as to enter the fracture to blow an arc. The utility model solves the problem of poor universality of the isolating switch in the prior art.

Description

Switching device

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of switching-on and switching-off of high-voltage electric appliances, in particular to a switching device.

Background

At present, the operating mechanism of the isolating switch is mainly operated by manual, electric, pneumatic or hydraulic transmission, and is connected to the rotating shaft through a connecting rod mechanism to enable the rotating shaft to rotate, so that the moving contact assembly and the fixed contact assembly of the isolating switch are driven to generate opening and closing actions.

However, when the isolating switch in the prior art is used for switching off, the compressed gas can be used for blowing an arc, but the arc is not blown when the isolating switch is switched on, so that the isolating switch is not suitable for the working condition that the arc is large when the isolating switch is switched on, and the universality of the isolating switch is affected.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model mainly aims to provide a switching device which is used for solving the problem that a disconnecting switch in the prior art is poor in universality.

In order to achieve the above object, the present utility model provides a switching device including: a stationary contact assembly; the movable contact assembly comprises a static part and a movable part, the static part comprises a conductor and a shell which are connected with each other, an opening is formed in one side, far away from the shell, of the shielding cover, the shell is provided with a first vent hole and a penetrating hole, the movable part comprises a movable contact, a conductive pipe, a connecting plate and a pull rod which are sequentially connected, the movable contact is used for contacting with the static contact assembly, and the pull rod is movably penetrated in the penetrating hole; the conductive tube is provided with a third vent hole; the movable contact, the inner wall of the conductive tube and the connecting plate form a third cavity in a surrounding manner; in the switching-on process of the switching device, gas in the first cavity enters the third cavity through the third vent hole so as to enter the fracture to blow an arc.

Further, the connecting plate is provided with a fourth air hole, a second cavity is formed between the plate surface of the connecting plate far away from the moving contact and at least part of the inner wall of the shell in a surrounding mode, and in the switching-off process of the switching device, gas in the second cavity enters the third cavity through the fourth air hole so as to enter the fracture to blow arcs.

Further, the shell is further provided with a second vent hole, and when the switch device is at the opening position or the opening position, the first vent hole, the second vent hole, the third vent hole and the fourth vent hole are all in a blocking state.

Further, the second vent holes and the fourth vent holes are positioned on the same side of the pull rod and are staggered.

Further, the moving contact assembly further includes: the first valve is arranged at the first vent hole and positioned in the first cavity and used for controlling at least one of the on-off state of the first vent hole, the medium flow and the medium flow rate; and/or a second valve, which is arranged at the second vent hole and is positioned in the second cavity, and is used for controlling at least one of the on-off state of the second vent hole, the medium flow rate and the medium flow rate; and/or a third valve, which is arranged at the third air vent and is positioned in the third cavity, so as to control at least one of the on-off state of the third air vent, the medium flow and the medium flow rate; and/or a fourth valve, the fourth valve is arranged at the fourth air hole and is positioned in the third cavity, so as to be used for controlling at least one of the on-off state of the fourth air hole, the medium flow and the medium flow rate.

Further, the first valve comprises a first valve plate, a first elastic part and a first fixing part which are sequentially connected, wherein the first elastic part is used for applying a first elastic force to the first valve plate, which moves towards the first vent hole to block the first vent hole; and/or the second valve comprises a second valve plate, a second elastic part and a second fixing part which are sequentially connected, wherein the second elastic part is used for applying a second elastic force to the second valve plate, which moves towards the second vent hole to block the second vent hole; and/or the third valve comprises a third valve plate, a third elastic part and a third fixing part which are sequentially connected, wherein the third elastic part is used for applying a third elastic force to the third valve plate, which moves towards the third vent hole to block the third vent hole; and/or the fourth valve comprises a fourth valve plate, a fourth elastic part and a fourth fixing part which are sequentially connected, wherein the fourth elastic part is used for applying a fourth elastic force to the fourth valve plate, wherein the fourth elastic force moves towards the fourth air hole so as to block the fourth air hole.

Further, the first vent hole and the third vent hole are staggered, and the third vent hole is close to the fourth vent hole relative to the first vent hole.

Further, the conductor includes: the conductive pipe is arranged between the at least two guide arcs in a penetrating way; and the contact finger springs are arranged on the surfaces of the guide arcs facing each other and are in contact with the outer surfaces of the conductive tubes.

Further, the connecting plate is in sealing fit with the inner wall of the shell; and/or the pull rod is in sealing fit with the penetrating hole.

Further, the stationary part further comprises a shielding cover, the shielding cover is connected with the shell through a conductor, the second ventilation holes and the penetrating holes are formed in the side wall, far away from the shielding cover, of the shell, and the first ventilation holes are formed in the peripheral wall of the shell.

By applying the technical scheme of the utility model, the switch device comprises a fixed contact assembly and a movable contact assembly, wherein the movable contact assembly comprises a static part and a movable part, the static part comprises a conductor and a shell which are connected with each other, the shell is provided with a first vent hole, a second vent hole and a penetrating hole, the movable part comprises a movable contact, a conductive pipe, a connecting plate and a pull rod which are connected in sequence, the movable contact is used for contacting with the fixed contact assembly, and the pull rod is movably penetrated in the penetrating hole; the conductive tube is provided with a third vent hole. The movable contact, the inner wall of the conductive tube and the connecting plate form a third cavity. Like this, in the switching-on process of switching-on of switching device, in the gas that is located the first cavity got into the third cavity through the third gas pocket to get into the fracture and blow the arc, and then ensure that switching device can blow the arc at the switching-on in-process, improved switching device's commonality, solved isolator's in the prior art the relatively poor problem of commonality.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the utility model and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the utility model and together with the description serve to explain the utility model. In the drawings:

fig. 1 shows a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a switching device according to the utility model in a switching-off position;

fig. 2 shows a cross-sectional view of a stationary part of the switching device of fig. 1;

fig. 3 shows a cross-sectional view of the movable part of the switching device of fig. 1;

fig. 4 shows a schematic view of the first valve of the switching device of fig. 1 in an open state;

fig. 5 shows a schematic view of the first valve of the switching device of fig. 4 in a closed state;

fig. 6 shows a sectional view of the switching device of fig. 1 in the closing process;

fig. 7 shows a cross-sectional view of the switching device of fig. 1 in a closed position;

fig. 8 shows a cross-sectional view of the switching device of fig. 1 in a switching-off process.

Wherein the above figures include the following reference numerals:

10. a stationary contact assembly; 20. a stationary part; 21. a shield; 211. an opening; 22. a conductor; 221. a guide arc; 222. a finger spring; 23. a housing; 231. a first vent hole; 232. a second vent hole; 233. penetrating holes; 30. a movable part; 31. a moving contact; 32. a conductive tube; 321. a third vent hole; 33. a connecting plate; 331. fourth air holes; 34. a pull rod; 41. a first chamber; 42. a second chamber; 43. a third chamber; 51. a first valve; 511. a first valve plate; 512. a first elastic portion; 513. a first fixing portion; 514. a first guide bar; 52. a second valve; 53. a third valve; 54. and a fourth valve.

Detailed Description

It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present utility model and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other. The utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in connection with embodiments.

It is noted that all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this utility model belongs unless otherwise indicated.

In the present utility model, unless otherwise indicated, terms of orientation such as "upper" and "lower" are used generally with respect to the orientation shown in the drawings or to the vertical, vertical or gravitational orientation; also, for ease of understanding and description, "left, right" is generally directed to the left, right as shown in the drawings; "inner and outer" refer to inner and outer relative to the outline of the components themselves, but the above-described orientation terms are not intended to limit the present utility model.

In order to solve the problem of poor universality of the isolating switch in the prior art, the utility model provides a switching device.

As shown in fig. 1 to 8, the switching device includes a stationary contact assembly 10 and a moving contact assembly. The moving contact assembly comprises a static part 20 and a moving part 30, wherein the static part 20 comprises a conductor 22 and a shell 23 which are connected with each other, the shell 23 is provided with a first vent hole 231 and a penetrating hole 233, the moving part 30 comprises a moving contact 31, a conductive pipe 32, a connecting plate 33 and a pull rod 34 which are sequentially connected, the moving contact 31 is used for contacting with the static contact assembly 10, and the pull rod 34 is movably penetrated in the penetrating hole 233. The conductive tube 32 has a third vent 321. Wherein, a first chamber 41 is formed around at least part of the conductor 22, at least part of the outer wall of the conductive tube 32, the connecting plate 33 and at least part of the inner wall of the housing 23, and a third chamber 43 is formed around the moving contact 31, the inner wall of the conductive tube 32 and the connecting plate 33. During the closing process of the switching device, the gas in the first chamber 41 enters the third chamber 43 through the third gas vent 321 to enter the fracture for arc blowing.

By applying the technical scheme of the embodiment, in the switching-on process of the switching device, the gas in the first chamber 41 enters the third chamber 43 through the third air hole 321 to enter the gap for arc blowing, so that the switching device can be ensured to blow an arc in the switching-on process, the universality of the switching device is improved, and the problem that the universality of the isolating switch in the prior art is poor is solved.

In the present embodiment, the stationary portion 20 further includes a shield 21, and the shield 21 is connected to the housing 23 through a conductor 22. The side of the shielding cover 21 away from the housing 23 is provided with an opening 211, and the movable contact 31 is used for contacting the fixed contact assembly 10 after passing through the opening 211.

Specifically, the shield 21, the conductor 22 and the housing 23 are fixedly connected, and the movable contact 31, the conductive tube 32, the connecting plate 33 and the pull rod 34 are fixedly connected and integrally slide along with the pull rod 34 in the horizontal direction. Wherein the movable contact 31 and the conductive tube 32 are hollow structures.

In the present embodiment, the connecting plate 33 has a fourth air hole 331, and a second chamber 42 is formed between a plate surface of the connecting plate 33 far from the moving contact 31 and at least a part of the inner wall of the housing 23; during the switching-off process of the switching device, the gas in the second chamber 42 enters the third chamber 43 through the fourth air hole 331 to enter the gap for arc blowing. Therefore, the arrangement ensures that the switching device can blow an arc in the switching-off process, and the universality of the switching device is further improved.

In this embodiment, the housing 23 further has a second vent hole 232, and the first vent hole 231, the second vent hole 232, the third vent hole 321, and the fourth vent hole 331 are all in a blocking state when the switching device is in the switching position or the switching position. In this way, the arrangement ensures that the switching device in the opening position or the opening position cannot blow an arc, and further improves the operation reliability of the switching device.

Alternatively, the first vent 231 is a circular hole, or a polygonal hole, or an elliptical hole, or a through hole surrounded by a straight line segment and an arc segment.

Optionally, the second ventilation hole 232 is a circular hole, or a polygonal hole, or an elliptical hole, or a through hole surrounded by a straight line segment and an arc segment.

Optionally, the third vent 321 is a circular hole, or a polygonal hole, or an elliptical hole, or a through hole surrounded by a straight line segment and an arc segment.

Optionally, the fourth air hole 331 is a circular hole, a polygonal hole, an elliptical hole, or a through hole surrounded by a straight line segment and an arc segment.

In this embodiment, the first vent hole 231, the second vent hole 232, the third vent hole 321 and the fourth vent hole 331 are all circular holes.

In the present embodiment, the second ventilation holes 232 and the fourth ventilation holes 331 are located on the same side of the pull rod 34 and are staggered. In this way, the above arrangement prevents the air flow passing through the second vent hole 232 and the fourth vent hole 331 from being impacted or impacted to generate turbulence, even affects the normal flow of the air, and improves the smoothness of the air flow in the switching device.

Optionally, the moving contact assembly further includes a first valve 51, where the first valve 51 is disposed at the first vent 231 and located in the first chamber 41, for controlling at least one of an on-off state of the first vent 231, a medium flow rate, and a medium flow velocity; and/or, the movable contact assembly further comprises a second valve 52, wherein the second valve 52 is arranged at the second ventilation hole 232 and is positioned in the second chamber 42, so as to control at least one of the on-off state of the second ventilation hole 232, the medium flow rate and the medium flow rate; and/or, the movable contact assembly further comprises a third valve 53, wherein the third valve 53 is arranged at the third air vent 321 and is positioned in the third chamber 43, so as to be used for controlling at least one of the on-off state of the third air vent 321, the medium flow rate and the medium flow rate; and/or, the movable contact assembly further comprises a fourth valve 54, and the fourth valve 54 is disposed at the fourth air hole 331 and located in the third chamber 43, so as to control at least one of the on-off state, the medium flow rate and the medium flow rate of the fourth air hole 331. Thus, the above arrangement makes the control of the on-off state of the first vent 231, the second vent 232, the third vent 321 and the fourth vent 331 easier, simpler and more convenient for the staff, and reduces the control difficulty.

In this embodiment, the moving contact assembly further includes a first valve 51, a second valve 52, a third valve 53 and a fourth valve 54, where the first valve 51 is disposed at the first air vent 231 and is used for controlling the on-off state of the first air vent 231, the second valve 52 is disposed at the second air vent 232 and is used for controlling the on-off state of the second air vent 232, the third valve 53 is disposed at the third air vent 321 and is used for controlling the on-off state of the third air vent 321, and the fourth valve 54 is disposed at the fourth air vent 331 and is used for controlling the on-off state of the fourth air vent 331.

As shown in fig. 1, when the switching device is at the switching position, the first valve 51 controls the first vent 231 to be in a blocking state, the second valve 52 controls the second vent 232 to be in a blocking state, the third valve 53 controls the third vent 321 to be in a blocking state, and the fourth valve 54 controls the fourth vent 331 to be in a blocking state, and at this time, gas cannot pass through the first vent 231, the second vent 232, the third vent 321 and the fourth vent 331.

As shown in fig. 6, the switching device is in a closing process, the movable part 30 moves to the left, and when the movable contact 31 and the stationary contact assembly 10 approach to a certain degree, pre-breakdown occurs and an arc is generated. Due to the compression of the gas in the first chamber 41, the first valve 51 controls the first vent 231 to be in a closed state, the third valve 53 controls the third vent 321 to be in an open state (communication state), and the gas in the first chamber 41 flows to the third chamber 43 through the third vent 321 and enters the inter-fracture arc blowing. The air pressure in the second chamber 42 is reduced, the second valve 52 opens the air intake, and the fourth valve 54 controls the fourth air vent 331 to be in a blocking state.

As shown in fig. 7, the switching device is in a closing position, the moving contact 31 contacts the fixed contact assembly 10, the current is turned on, the first valve 51 controls the first vent 231 to be in a blocking state, the second valve 52 controls the second vent 232 to be in a blocking state, the third valve 53 controls the third vent 321 to be in a blocking state, and the fourth valve 54 controls the fourth vent 331 to be in a blocking state.

As shown in fig. 8, in the switching device in the switching process, an arc is generated between the moving contact 31 and the fixed contact assembly 10, the moving part 30 moves to the right, so that the pressure in the first chamber 41 is reduced, the first valve 51 opens the air inlet, and the third valve 53 controls the third vent 321 to be in a blocking state. The pressure in the second chamber 42 increases and the fourth valve 54 opens the exhaust, and the second valve 52 controls the second vent hole 232 to be in a blocked state. The gas in the second chamber 42 enters the third chamber 43 through the fourth air hole 331, and reaches the fracture to blow.

As shown in fig. 5, taking the first valve 51 as an example, the first valve 51 includes a first valve plate 511, a first elastic portion 512, and a first fixing portion 513 connected in sequence, where the first elastic portion 512 is configured to apply a first elastic force to the first valve plate 511 that moves toward the first vent 231 to block the first vent 231; and/or, the second valve 52 includes a second valve plate, a second elastic portion, and a second fixing portion, which are sequentially connected, where the second elastic portion is configured to apply a second elastic force to the second valve plate, which moves towards the second vent hole 232 to block the second vent hole 232; and/or the third valve 53 includes a third valve plate, a third elastic portion, and a third fixing portion that are sequentially connected, where the third elastic portion is configured to apply a third elastic force to the third valve plate that moves toward the third air hole 321 to block the third air hole 321; and/or, the fourth valve 54 includes a fourth valve plate, a fourth elastic portion, and a fourth fixing portion, which are sequentially connected, and the fourth elastic portion is configured to apply a fourth elastic force to the fourth valve plate that moves toward the fourth air hole 331 to block the fourth air hole 331. In this way, the above arrangement makes the structures of the first valve 51, the second valve 52, the third valve 53 and the fourth valve 54 simpler, and the processing and implementation are easy, and the processing cost and the processing difficulty of the switch device are reduced.

Optionally, the first fixing portion 513 is fixedly connected to the inner cavity wall of the housing 23 by a plurality of first connecting arms.

Optionally, the second fixing portion is fixedly connected to the inner cavity wall of the housing 23 by a plurality of second connecting arms.

Optionally, the third fixing portion is fixedly connected to the wall of the conductive tube 32 or the plate surface of the connecting plate 33 facing away from the second ventilation hole 232 through a plurality of third connecting arms.

Optionally, the fourth fixing portion is fixedly connected to the wall of the conductive tube 32 or the plate surface of the connecting plate 33 facing away from the second ventilation hole 232 through a plurality of fourth connecting arms.

In this embodiment, the first elastic portion 512 is a spring, two ends of the spring are respectively connected to the first valve plate 511 and the first fixing portion 513, and the spring is stressed to be compressible and stretchable so that the first valve plate 511 moves along with the movement. Wherein, when the first valve 51 is in the initial state, the first valve sheet 511 blocks the first vent 231. Wherein, when the pressure of the gas above the first vent hole 231 is smaller than the pressure of the gas below, the gas flow presses the first valve plate 511 against the housing 23 to block the first vent hole 231; when the pressure of the gas above the first vent hole 231 is greater than the pressure of the gas below, the gas flow impacts the first valve sheet 511 and compresses the spring to move the first valve sheet 511 downward, and the first vent hole 231 is opened.

As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the first valve 51 further includes a first guide rod 514, and the first valve plate 511 and the first elastic portion 512 are sleeved on the first guide rod 514, so that the movement of the first valve plate 511 and the first elastic portion 512 is guided by the first guide rod 514, so as to ensure that the first valve 51 can sufficiently seal the first ventilation hole 231.

In this embodiment, the first valve 51, the second valve 52, the third valve 53 and the fourth valve 54 have the same structure, so as to reduce the processing cost and the processing difficulty of the switching device.

In this embodiment, the first vent hole 231 and the third vent hole 321 are staggered, and the third vent hole 321 is disposed close to the fourth vent hole 331 with respect to the first vent hole 231. In this way, the above arrangement prevents turbulence and even vibration and noise from occurring due to impact between the gases during the passage of the gases through the first and third vent holes 231 and 321.

As shown in fig. 2, the conductor 22 includes at least two guide arcs 221 and finger springs 222 disposed opposite each other. Wherein the conductive tube 32 is disposed between at least two guide arcs 221. The finger springs 222 are disposed on the surfaces of the respective guide arcs 221 that face each other and are in contact with the outer surface of the conductive tube 32. In this way, the arrangement ensures that the conductor 22 is in sufficient contact with the conductive tube 32 to conduct electricity, thereby improving the operational reliability of the switchgear.

Optionally, the connection plate 33 is in sealing engagement with the inner wall of the housing 23; and/or the pull rod 34 is in sealing engagement with the through hole 233. Thus, the arrangement prevents the air leakage phenomenon between the connecting plate 33 and the housing 23 and/or between the pull rod 34 and the through hole 233 from affecting the normal operation of the switching device, thereby improving the operation reliability of the switching device.

Alternatively, a first gasket is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the connection plate 33.

Optionally, a second gasket is disposed on the wall of the through hole 233.

In the present embodiment, the second ventilation holes 232 and the penetrating holes 233 are located on the side wall of the housing 23 remote from the shield case 21, and the first ventilation holes 231 are located on the peripheral wall of the housing 23.

From the above description, it can be seen that the above embodiments of the present utility model achieve the following technical effects:

in the switching-on process of the switching device, gas in the first cavity enters the third cavity through the third vent hole to enter the gap to blow arcs, so that the switching device is ensured to blow arcs in the switching-on process, the universality of the switching device is improved, and the problem that the universality of the isolating switch in the prior art is poor is solved.

It will be apparent that the embodiments described above are merely some, but not all, embodiments of the utility model. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present utility model without making any inventive effort, shall fall within the scope of the present utility model.

It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the present utility model. As used herein, the singular is also intended to include the plural unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, and furthermore, it is to be understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" when used in this specification are taken to specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof.

It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and the claims of the present utility model and the above figures are used for distinguishing between similar objects and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used may be interchanged where appropriate such that embodiments of the utility model described herein may be implemented in sequences other than those illustrated or otherwise described herein.

The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present utility model by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present utility model should be included in the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims (10)

1. A switching device, comprising:

a stationary contact assembly (10);

the movable contact assembly comprises a static part (20) and a movable part (30), wherein the static part (20) comprises a conductor (22) and a shell (23) which are connected with each other, the shell (23) is provided with a first vent hole (231) and a penetrating hole (233), the movable part (30) comprises a movable contact (31), a conductive pipe (32), a connecting plate (33) and a pull rod (34) which are sequentially connected, the movable contact (31) is used for being in contact with the static contact assembly (10), and the pull rod (34) is movably penetrated in the penetrating hole (233); the conductive tube (32) is provided with a third vent hole (321);

wherein a first chamber (41) is formed around at least part of the conductor (22), at least part of the outer wall of the conductive tube (32), the connecting plate (33) and at least part of the inner wall of the shell (23), and a third chamber (43) is formed around the moving contact (31), the inner wall of the conductive tube (32) and the connecting plate (33);

during the closing process of the switching device, the gas in the first chamber (41) enters the third chamber (43) through the third vent hole (321) so as to enter a fracture for arc blowing.

2. Switching device according to claim 1, characterized in that the connection plate (33) has a fourth air vent (331), the connection plate (33) being located away from the plate surface of the moving contact (31) and at least part of the inner wall of the housing (23) surrounding a second chamber (42); during the opening and closing process of the switching device, the gas in the second chamber (42) enters the third chamber (43) through the fourth air hole (331) so as to enter a fracture for arc blowing.

3. The switching device according to claim 2, wherein the housing (23) further has a second vent hole (232), and wherein the first vent hole (231), the second vent hole (232), the third vent hole (321), and the fourth vent hole (331) are all in a closed state when the switching device is in a switching-off position or a switching-on position.

4. A switching device according to claim 3, wherein the second vent holes (232) and the fourth vent holes (331) are located on the same side of the pull rod (34) and are staggered.

5. A switching device according to claim 3, wherein the moving contact assembly further comprises:

a first valve (51), the first valve (51) being arranged at the first vent hole (231) and being located at the first vent hole

A first chamber (41) for controlling at least one of an on-off state of the first vent hole (231), a medium flow rate, and a medium flow rate; and/or the number of the groups of groups,

a second valve (52), the second valve (52) being arranged at the second vent hole (232) and being located at the second vent hole

A second chamber (42) for controlling at least one of the on-off state of the second vent hole (232), the medium flow rate and the medium flow velocity; and/or the number of the groups of groups,

a third valve (53), the third valve (53) is arranged at the third air vent (321) and is positioned at the third air vent

The third chamber (43) is used for controlling at least one of the on-off state, the medium flow rate and the medium flow rate of the third air vent (321); and/or the number of the groups of groups,

and the fourth valve (54) is arranged at the fourth air hole (331) and positioned in the third chamber (43) and is used for controlling at least one of the on-off state of the fourth air hole (331), the medium flow rate and the medium flow rate.

6. A switching device according to claim 5, wherein,

the first valve (51) comprises a first valve plate (511), a first elastic part (512) and a first fixing part (513) which are sequentially connected, wherein the first elastic part (512) is used for applying a first elastic force to the first valve plate (511) and moving towards the first vent hole (231) so as to block the first vent hole (231); and/or the number of the groups of groups,

the second valve (52) comprises a second valve plate, a second elastic part and a second fixing part which are sequentially connected, wherein the second elastic part is used for applying a second elastic force to the second valve plate, wherein the second elastic force moves towards the second vent hole (232) so as to block the second vent hole (232); and/or the number of the groups of groups,

the third valve (53) comprises a third valve plate, a third elastic part and a third fixing part which are sequentially connected, and the third elastic part is used for applying a third elastic force to the third valve plate, wherein the third elastic force moves towards the third vent hole (321) so as to block the third vent hole (321); and/or the number of the groups of groups,

the fourth valve (54) comprises a fourth valve plate, a fourth elastic part and a fourth fixing part which are sequentially connected, and the fourth elastic part is used for applying a fourth elastic force to the fourth valve plate, wherein the fourth elastic force moves towards the fourth air hole (331) to block the fourth air hole (331).

7. The switching device according to claim 2, wherein the first vent hole (231) and the third vent hole (321) are arranged in a staggered manner, and the third vent hole (321) is arranged close to the fourth vent hole (331) with respect to the first vent hole (231).

8. Switching device according to claim 1, characterized in that the conductor (22) comprises:

at least two guide arcs (221) arranged oppositely, wherein the conductive tube (32) is arranged between the at least two guide arcs (221) in a penetrating way;

and a finger spring (222) disposed on a surface of each of the guide arcs (221) facing each other and contacting an outer surface of the conductive tube (32).

9. Switching device according to claim 1, characterized in that the connection plate (33) is in sealing engagement with the inner wall of the housing (23); and/or the pull rod (34) is in sealing fit with the penetrating hole (233).

10. A switching device according to claim 3, characterized in that the stationary part (20) further comprises a shielding cage (21), the shielding cage (21) being connected to the housing (23) by means of the conductor (22), the second ventilation holes (232) and the through holes (233) being located on a side wall of the housing (23) remote from the shielding cage (21), the first ventilation holes (231) being located on a peripheral wall of the housing (23).