CN220132492U - Three-dimensional braiding structure of large-diameter solid rod-shaped prefabricated body - Google Patents
Three-dimensional braiding structure of large-diameter solid rod-shaped prefabricated body Download PDFInfo
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- CN220132492U CN220132492U CN202321539499.4U CN202321539499U CN220132492U CN 220132492 U CN220132492 U CN 220132492U CN 202321539499 U CN202321539499 U CN 202321539499U CN 220132492 U CN220132492 U CN 220132492U
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- 238000009954 braiding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000009940 knitting Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 abstract description 16
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 14
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000805 composite resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001721 transfer moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The utility model provides a three-dimensional braiding structure of a large-diameter solid rod-shaped preform, which comprises the steps of three-dimensionally braiding a core rod preform with a solid section by adopting a rectangular braiding machine, and then performing at least one three-dimensional circular braiding by adopting the core rod preform as a core mold by adopting a circular braiding machine to obtain a thickened preform with the solid section. The utility model utilizes the existing rectangular and circular braiding machine, and can carry out corresponding production without changing yarn fineness (such as certain commercially available, easily available, low-cost and excellent fibers) and changing the existing technical supporting conditions (such as yarn storage quantity of a yarn carrier, specification of a yarn winding machine and the like), and without redesigning or purchasing a large-scale expensive three-dimensional braiding machine, a reconstruction factory building and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a three-dimensional braiding method of a large-diameter solid rod-shaped prefabricated body, and also relates to a three-dimensional braiding structure of the large-diameter solid rod-shaped prefabricated body.
Background
The existing three-dimensional braiding method and application are focused on the use of a specific three-dimensional braiding machine, such as the production of solid square, rectangular, polygonal, even circular, elliptical or wing-shaped preformed bodies with square inner holes, such as solid cross sections or mouth shapes, daily shapes, etc., the rectangular braiding machine is used, the production of hollow revolution bodies, or the hollow elliptical, wing-shaped or polygonal tubular preformed bodies with outer chamfers are all three-dimensional circular braiding machines, so that the two devices are all three-dimensional braiding technologies, but the application occasions are quite different and cannot be used interchangeably.
For example, to weave a solid preform with a circular cross section for making a wire of a cable, a rod, or a coil spring, a rectangular braiding machine is required to set a braiding platform to have a contour close to a circle in a combined rectangular manner, and a spindle on the platform drives yarns on the spindle to complete braiding of the preform with the circular cross section during braiding motion.
Generally, the cross-sectional size of a circular cross-section preform is affected by the size of the rectangular knitting platform and the fineness of the knitting yarn carried by the spindle, that is, the larger the platform is, the thicker the yarn is, the larger the cross-sectional diameter of the knitted preform is, and conversely, the smaller the cross-sectional diameter of the preform is.
However, the above method for changing the cross-sectional dimension has some limitations, specifically, the size of the knitting platform is designed to be a certain size, it is difficult to increase the size of the platform online, and the use of thickened yarn is limited by the size of the yarn carrier, and the capacity of the yarn carrier that can be used after the knitting platform is manufactured is also determined to be an upper limit, so if thicker yarn is used, the length of yarn stored in the yarn carrier is correspondingly shortened, thus the length of the preform that can be knitted is limited, or the yarn carrier filled with new yarn needs to be replaced frequently during the knitting process, which affects the knitting efficiency.
While circular knitting machines are commonly used for knitting tubular section preforms, for a circular knitting machine of a specific design, the number of carrier spindles has an upper limit, so that, generally, depending on the fineness of the fibers used, the inner bore of the tubular preform to be knitted has a minimum size, the wall thickness varies with the diameter of the different core dies, and has an upper limit of thickness, and thus cannot be used for knitting large-diameter solid rod-shaped preforms.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to provide a three-dimensional braiding structure of a large-diameter solid rod-shaped preform, which solves the technical problems faced in the prior art.
The utility model adopts the technical scheme that:
a three-dimensional woven structure of a large-diameter solid rod-shaped preform, characterized in that: the mandrel preform with the solid cross section is three-dimensionally woven by a rectangular braiding machine, and the mandrel preform is used as a mandrel to perform three-dimensional circular braiding at least once by a circular braiding machine, so that a thickened part is formed on the outer side of the mandrel preform.
The three-dimensional braiding structure of the large-diameter solid rod-shaped prefabricated body comprises the following components: the mandrel preform and the thickened portion are composited with a matrix material to form an integral structure.
The three-dimensional braiding structure of the large-diameter solid rod-shaped prefabricated body comprises the following components: the core rod and the thickening part are combined together to form a matrix material, so that an integrated structure is formed.
The three-dimensional braiding structure of the large-diameter solid rod-shaped prefabricated body comprises the following components: the joint is sleeved on the outer side of the thickening part.
The three-dimensional braiding structure of the large-diameter solid rod-shaped prefabricated body comprises the following components: a plurality of pinholes are arranged on the joint along the radial direction, a needle body is inserted into the pinholes, and the needle body, the thickening part and the core rod prefabricated body form connection at the same time.
The three-dimensional braiding structure of the large-diameter solid rod-shaped prefabricated body comprises the following components: the matrix material is resin, metal, carbon or ceramic.
The three-dimensional braiding structure of the large-diameter solid rod-shaped prefabricated body comprises the following components: the outer diameter of the mandrel preform is greater than or equal to the minimum inner diameter that can be woven by the circular knitting machine.
The three-dimensional braiding structure of the large-diameter solid rod-shaped prefabricated body comprises the following components: the protrusions and the depressions on the outer surface of the core rod preform are correspondingly clamped with the depressions and the protrusions on the inner surface of the thickening part to form a nested structure.
The three-dimensional braiding structure of the large-diameter solid rod-shaped prefabricated body comprises the following components: the core rod prefabricated body and the thickening part form a thickening prefabricated body, and the thickening prefabricated body is a straight rod, a bent rod or a spiral rod body.
The three-dimensional braiding structure of the large-diameter solid rod-shaped prefabricated body comprises the following components: the mandrel preform and the thickened portion constitute a thickened preform, and the thickened preform is coiled into a wire disc shape.
The utility model has the advantages that: by using the existing rectangular and circular knitting machine, corresponding production can be carried out without changing yarn fineness (such as certain commercially available, easily available, low-cost and excellent fibers) or changing the existing technical supporting conditions (such as yarn storage quantity of a yarn carrier, specification of a yarn winding machine and the like), and without redesigning or purchasing a large-scale expensive three-dimensional knitting machine, a reconstruction factory building and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a mandrel preform having a solid circular cross-section;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a solid circular cross-section thickened preform;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of the connection of a solid circular section thickened preform to a joint.
Reference numerals illustrate: a mandrel preform 1; thickening the preform 2; a joint 3; an external thread 31; a pinhole 32; needle 33.
Detailed Description
The utility model provides a method for preparing a large-diameter solid circular section preform by combining a rectangular braiding machine and a circular braiding machine, wherein the rectangular braiding machine is arranged through a design and a platform, yarns with proper fineness are adopted to three-dimensionally braid a core rod preform with a solid circular section, then the circular braiding machine is used for three-dimensional circular braiding by taking the core rod preform as a core mold, and the diameter of the solid circular section preform is increased through the thickness obtained by the three-dimensional circular braiding, so that a required large-diameter solid circular section thickening preform is obtained.
Of course, if the mandrel preform is rectangular or other convex polygonal, a thickened rectangle or other convex polygon with rounded corners may be formed by circular knitting.
The utility model has the advantages that: by using the existing rectangular and circular knitting machine, corresponding production can be carried out without changing yarn fineness (such as certain commercially available, easily available, low-cost and excellent fibers) or changing the existing technical supporting conditions (such as yarn storage quantity of a yarn carrier, specification of a yarn winding machine and the like), and without redesigning or purchasing a large-scale expensive three-dimensional knitting machine, a reconstruction factory building and the like.
For example, as shown in fig. 1, a mandrel preform 1 with a solid circular cross section is three-dimensionally woven by a rectangular braiding machine; as shown in fig. 2, the solid circular section thickening preform 2 is obtained by performing three-dimensional circular knitting with the mandrel preform 1 as a mandrel by a circular knitting machine.
Then, a matrix material is compounded on the thickened preform 2, so that the core rod preform 1 and the thickened part on the outer side of the core rod preform are formed into an integrated structure, and the structural rigidity and strength are improved; the matrix material can be resin, metal, carbon, ceramic or other materials. In this case, the method of compounding the resin matrix material is exemplified by RTM (Resin Transfer Molding ) method, and also by dipping, casting, and pultrusion, which are all mature processes, so specific processes thereof are not described herein.
In addition, if it is also necessary to connect one or several joints 3 to the thickened preform 2, the joints 3 may be subjected to the aforementioned step of compounding the matrix material together with the thickened preform 2, thereby forming a unitary structure. As shown in fig. 3, one end of the joint 3 is provided with an external thread 31 (or an internal thread) or a lug for connecting with a component to be connected, the other end of the joint 3 is sleeved with the thickened preform 2, and a plurality of pinholes 32 are radially arranged, after the thickened preform 2 is sleeved with the joint 3, a needle 33 is inserted into the pinholes 32, so that the joint 3 and the thickened portion of the thickened preform 2 and the mandrel preform 1 are simultaneously connected, and then a step of compounding a matrix material is performed, so that an integral connection structure of the joint 3 and the thickened portion of the thickened preform 2 and the mandrel preform 1 is formed, the connection efficiency can be improved, and the bearing capacity can be enhanced.
It should be noted that:
1. the rectangular braiding machine needs to be designed, and the outer diameter of the braided mandrel preform 1 is larger than or equal to the minimum inner diameter that can be braided by the circular braiding machine, otherwise, obvious separation between the mandrel preform 1 and the thickened portion will occur, and obvious resin-rich areas (for resin-based composite materials) will be generated in the subsequent composite matrix material step, or the corresponding matrix phase in other processes will be detrimental to the performance of the composite material.
2. The mandrel preform 1 and the thickened portion have respective fiber structures, and are not connected with each other by fibers, so that an interface between two layers becomes a weak area in the structure, and the mandrel preform usually cracks firstly when bearing a large external load, and then the whole structure is failed; in order to solve the problem, the utility model utilizes the bulges (formed by traversing fibers to the surface and turning back the inside) which are all arranged on the surface of the three-dimensional weaving structure and the hollows beside the bulges (formed by the places where the surfaces do not have fiber surface in and out), and leads the bulges and hollows on the outer surface of the mandrel preform 1 to correspondingly and in-and-out interaction with the hollows and the bulges on the inner surface of the thickening part to form a nested structure so as to increase the mechanical property and other properties on the interface.
3. The performance of three-dimensional woven composites has a number of distinct advantages over composites made by other processes, one of which is that all fibers are carried in combination, rather than fibers arranged in different directions as in other processes primarily carrying loads in that direction, such as layering with 0 degree, ±45 degree and 90 degree directions in typical laminate structures, each layer being in a defined direction, with only 0 degree layers primarily carrying, ±45 degree portions carrying if the laminate is subjected to an external load in the 0 degree direction, while 90 degree layers only act as transverse constraints, substantially not carrying any load, and other one-dimensional (e.g., pultrusion) and two-dimensional (e.g., winding) mechanisms are similar. In the present utility model, the thickened preform 2 has a woven structure of two parts, namely, the mandrel preform 1 and the thickened part, and fibers are discontinuous, which may cause that the fibers in the two part areas are stressed differently when bearing external loads, that is, when the external loads are continuously increased, one part of the two parts can be stressed more than the other part, so that one part of the two parts which are stressed is more susceptible to damage and failure, and the load can be borne by the other part, and the other part of the two parts cannot bear larger external loads independently, so that linkage damage is formed, and the design obviously cannot achieve the optimal bearing capacity; therefore, the utility model carries out compatibility design on the internal and external braiding structures, namely, the fibers in each region can generate deformation and stress which are compatible as much as possible under the action of external load by adjusting corresponding braiding process parameters, such as braiding angle, fiber performance, fiber volume content and the like, so that the braiding structure plays a better effect.
4. Because the flexibility of the three-dimensional woven preform is very good, the fiber bundles can adapt to deformation through sliding in the bending process, so that the three-dimensional woven preform can adapt to any product shape; the thickened preform 2 in the utility model can be formed into a bent rod, a spiral spring and the like besides selecting a straight rod shape; furthermore, if the substrate material with better toughness is used for the subsequent curing step of the thickened preform 2, such as a stay cable for a bridge, an anchor cable for an offshore oil platform, a sucker rod for an oil exploitation well, etc., the obtained product can be easily coiled into a wire disc with smaller diameter, thereby being convenient for production, storage, transportation and construction.
In the above embodiment, the thickened three-dimensional knitting is described as an example only once, and in practice, the mandrel bar preform 1 may be subjected to the thickened three-dimensional knitting twice or more to form the solid round-section thickened preform 2 having a larger diameter.
Claims (10)
1. A three-dimensional woven structure of a large-diameter solid rod-shaped preform, characterized in that: the mandrel preform with the solid cross section is three-dimensionally woven by a rectangular braiding machine, and the mandrel preform is used as a mandrel for at least one three-dimensional circular braiding by a circular braiding machine, so that a thickened part is formed on the outer side of the mandrel preform.
2. The three-dimensional braided structure of a large-diameter solid rod-shaped preform of claim 1, characterized in that: the mandrel preform and the thickened portion are composited with a matrix material to form an integral structure.
3. The three-dimensional braided structure of a large-diameter solid rod-shaped preform of claim 1, characterized in that: the core rod and the thickening part are combined together to form a matrix material, so that an integrated structure is formed.
4. A three-dimensional braided structure of large-diameter solid rod-like preform according to claim 3, characterized in that: the joint is sleeved on the outer side of the thickening part.
5. The three-dimensional braided structure of a large-diameter solid rod-shaped preform of claim 4, characterized in that: a plurality of pinholes are arranged on the joint along the radial direction, a needle body is inserted into the pinholes, and the needle body, the thickening part and the core rod prefabricated body form connection at the same time.
6. The three-dimensional braided structure of a large-diameter solid rod-shaped preform according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that: the matrix material is resin, metal, carbon or ceramic.
7. The three-dimensional braided structure of a large-diameter solid rod-shaped preform of claim 1, characterized in that: the outer diameter of the mandrel preform is greater than or equal to the minimum inner diameter that can be woven by the circular knitting machine.
8. The three-dimensional braided structure of a large-diameter solid rod-shaped preform of claim 1, characterized in that: the protrusions and the depressions on the outer surface of the core rod preform are correspondingly clamped with the depressions and the protrusions on the inner surface of the thickening part to form a nested structure.
9. The three-dimensional braided structure of a large-diameter solid rod-shaped preform of claim 1, characterized in that: the core rod prefabricated body and the thickening part form a thickening prefabricated body, and the thickening prefabricated body is a straight rod, a bent rod or a spiral rod body.
10. The three-dimensional braided structure of a large-diameter solid rod-shaped preform of claim 1, characterized in that: the mandrel preform and the thickened portion constitute a thickened preform, and the thickened preform is coiled into a wire disc shape.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202321539499.4U CN220132492U (en) | 2023-06-15 | 2023-06-15 | Three-dimensional braiding structure of large-diameter solid rod-shaped prefabricated body |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202321539499.4U CN220132492U (en) | 2023-06-15 | 2023-06-15 | Three-dimensional braiding structure of large-diameter solid rod-shaped prefabricated body |
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| CN220132492U true CN220132492U (en) | 2023-12-05 |
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| CN202321539499.4U Active CN220132492U (en) | 2023-06-15 | 2023-06-15 | Three-dimensional braiding structure of large-diameter solid rod-shaped prefabricated body |
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- 2023-06-15 CN CN202321539499.4U patent/CN220132492U/en active Active
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