CN220124756U - Dilator for reaming bone - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of medical equipment, in particular to an expander for bone reaming, which comprises a reaming rod and a positioning piece, wherein one end of the reaming rod is a tip part, and a positioning hole penetrating through the reaming rod along the length direction of the reaming rod is formed in the reaming rod; the locating piece is arranged in the locating hole in a penetrating mode, and the locating piece is used for extending out of the locating hole and penetrating into bones to form the locating of the expander on the bones. Realize the accurate location of reaming position through setting up the setting element, realize the reaming of expander on the skeleton through the hammering of afterbody, utilize the floor of afterbody to realize rotatory withdrawal, solved the instrument that current skeleton reaming used and had the inaccurate defect of location or difficult withdrawal after the operation was accomplished, realize accurate location punching and conveniently withdraw from on the skeleton.

Description

Dilator for reaming bone

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of medical appliances, in particular to an expander for bone reaming.

Background

In modern surgical treatment, in the field of orthopaedics, it is often the case that holes are required to be punched or reamed in bones, such as in fracture surgery or bone tunnel surgery.

The usual surgical tools for bone perforation are mainly done by bone drills or bone nails with tips. Bone drills are mainly used for drilling holes in bones by using drill bits, and bone nails are generally used for knocking by using hammerheads so that the tips of the bone nails are nailed into holes in the bones.

In drilling a hole in bone using a bone drill, the following drawbacks are likely: firstly, the positioning is easy to deviate, and the drill bit is easy to form slipping on the surface of a bone at the initial stage of drilling, so that the drilling position is inaccurate; second, bone drills are generally relatively large and are not suitable for some smaller wound procedures. The bone nail is used for punching on the bone, the situation that the surface of the bone slides to cause the deviation of the drilling position is easy to occur, the bone nail is used for punching holes, the bone nail and the bone are clamped mutually, and the bone nail is not easy to withdraw.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model provides an expander for bone reaming, which is used for solving the defects that the existing tool for bone reaming is inaccurate in positioning or is difficult to withdraw after the operation is completed, and realizing accurate positioning and punching on bones.

The present utility model provides a dilator for reaming bone, comprising:

the hole expanding rod is provided with a tip at one end, and a positioning hole penetrating through the hole expanding rod along the length direction of the hole expanding rod is formed in the hole expanding rod;

the locating piece is arranged in the locating hole in a penetrating mode and used for extending out of the locating hole and penetrating into bones to form the locating of the expander on the bones.

According to the expander for bone reaming provided by the utility model, the end part of one end of the reaming rod is provided with an outer chamfer to form the tip part.

According to the expander for reaming bones, provided by the utility model, the other end of the hole-enlarging rod opposite to the tip part is connected with the hammering cap, and the hammering cap is internally provided with the through hole which penetrates through the hammering cap and is communicated with the positioning hole.

According to the expander for bone reaming provided by the utility model, the outer peripheral surface of the other end of the reaming rod is provided with the rib plates connected with the hammering cap, and the rib plates are at least provided with two rib plates.

According to the expander for reaming bones, four rib plates are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the hole-enlarging rod.

According to the expander for bone reaming provided by the utility model, the limiting table is arranged on the peripheral surface of the reaming rod.

According to the expander for bone reaming provided by the utility model, the reaming rod comprises a connecting rod part and a reaming part, the outer diameter of the reaming part is smaller than that of the connecting rod part, so that the limit table is formed on the reaming rod, and the tip part is formed at one end of the reaming part away from the connecting rod part.

According to the expander for reaming bones, the end face, far away from the hole-reaming rod, of the hammering cap is provided with the step hole, and the step hole is communicated with the through hole; the locating piece is close to one end of hammering cap sets up spacing countersunk head, spacing countersunk head is suitable for the butt in the step hole.

According to the expander for bone reaming provided by the utility model, the thickness of the limiting countersunk head is smaller than the depth of the stepped hole.

According to the expander for reaming bones, one end of the positioning piece, which is far away from the hammering cap, is in a needle point structure or a drill bit structure.

According to the expander for bone reaming, the positioning piece is arranged to accurately position the reaming position, the expander is reamed on the bone through hammering of the tail part, and the rib plate at the tail part is utilized to realize rotary withdrawal, so that the defects that the existing tool for bone reaming is inaccurate in positioning or difficult to withdraw after operation is completed are overcome, and accurate positioning and punching on the bone are realized, and withdrawal is convenient.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the utility model or the technical solutions of the prior art, the following description will briefly explain the drawings used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the utility model, and other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of one embodiment of a dilator for reaming bone provided in accordance with the present utility model;

FIG. 2 is an isometric view of a dilator for reaming bone provided in accordance with the present utility model;

fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another embodiment of a dilator for reaming bone provided by the present utility model.

Reference numerals:

1. a hole expanding rod; 11. a tip portion; 12. a link portion; 13. a reamer part; 2. positioning holes; 3. a positioning piece; 31. limiting the countersunk head; 4. hammering the cap; 41. a step hole; 5. a through hole; 6. rib plates; 7. and a limiting table.

Detailed Description

For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present utility model more apparent, the technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present utility model, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the utility model without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the utility model.

In the description of the embodiments of the present utility model, it should be noted that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the embodiments of the present utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

In describing embodiments of the present utility model, it should be noted that, unless explicitly stated and limited otherwise, the terms "coupled," "coupled," and "connected" should be construed broadly, and may be either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. The specific meaning of the above terms in embodiments of the present utility model will be understood in detail by those of ordinary skill in the art.

In embodiments of the utility model, unless expressly specified and limited otherwise, a first feature "up" or "down" on a second feature may be that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are in indirect contact via an intervening medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "over" and "on" a second feature may be a first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is level higher than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature may be the first feature being directly under or obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is less level than the second feature.

In the description of the present specification, a description referring to terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the embodiments of the present utility model. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples may be combined and combined by those skilled in the art without contradiction.

The embodiment provides an expander for reaming bones, which is shown in fig. 1, and comprises a reaming rod 1 and a positioning piece 3, wherein one end of the reaming rod 1 is a tip 11, and a positioning hole 2 penetrating through the reaming rod 1 along the length direction of the reaming rod 1 is formed in the reaming rod 1; the locating piece 3 is arranged through the locating hole 2 in a penetrating way, and the locating piece 3 is used for extending out of the locating hole 2 and penetrating into the bone to form the locating of the expander on the bone.

By using the expander for reaming bones of the embodiment, firstly, the positioning piece 3 is used for piercing bone parts needing to be punched or reamed, the positioning piece 3 is pierced to form preliminary positioning at corresponding positions, then the hole-enlarging rod 1 is sleeved outside the positioning piece 3, so that the positioning piece 3 is positioned in the positioning hole 2, the hole-enlarging rod 1 can be positioned and guided by the positioning piece 3, force is applied to the hole-enlarging rod 1, the tip 11 at the front end of the hole-enlarging rod 1 is used for punching or reaping bones, and the hole-enlarging rod 1 cannot deviate from the punching position due to radial deviation in the punching or reaping process due to the positioning and guiding of the positioning piece 3, so that the purpose of accurately positioning and punching is achieved.

It will be appreciated that the above process is applicable to the case that the length of the positioning member 3 is shorter, and in another embodiment, the length of the positioning member 3 is longer than that of the hole-expanding rod 1, in the structure of this embodiment, when the bone needs to be punched or reamed, the positioning member 3 is placed in the positioning hole 2 of the hole-expanding rod 1, then the tip 11 of the hole-expanding rod 1 is aligned with the corresponding position of the bone needing to be punched or reamed, at this time, no force is applied to the hole-expanding rod 1, and a certain force is applied to the positioning member 3 at the tail, so that the positioning member 3 firstly pierces the bone to complete positioning, then applies a force to the hole-expanding rod 1, and uses the positioning member 3 to conduct positioning and guiding to the hole-expanding rod 1, thereby ensuring that the hole-expanding rod 1 does not deviate in the punching or reaming process, and accurate positioning and punching are completed.

According to the expander for reaming bones provided in the above embodiments, it is critical to realize the punching or reaming of the reaming rod 1 on the bones, and the tip 11 at the front end of the reaming rod 1 is used to complete the punching or reaming by the cutting of the tip 11 after the reaming rod 1 is applied with force.

In order to facilitate the application of punching force to the reaming rod 1, in this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the other end of the reaming rod 1 opposite to the tip 11 is connected with a hammering cap 4, that is, the left end of the reaming rod 1 in fig. 1 is the tip 11, the right end is provided with the hammering cap 4, when punching or reaming is performed, force is applied to the hammering cap 4, and force transmission is performed, so that the tip 11 can effectively punch or ream a bone, the hammering range is increased, the reaming rod 1 can be conveniently forced, and compared with the end of the reaming rod 1, the force can be conveniently applied. To ensure the implementation of the positioning member 3, in the present embodiment, a through hole 5 penetrating the hammering cap 4 and communicating with the positioning hole 2 is formed inside the hammering cap 4.

After the hole is punched or reamed on the bone, the reaming rod 1 needs to be withdrawn from the bone, and as the hole is punched or reamed by forcing the hole to be pierced and cut, the bone has a certain extrusion force to the reaming rod 1 when the hole is withdrawn from the reaming rod 1, so that the reaming rod 1 is not easy to withdraw, therefore, in the embodiment, the rib plate 6 connected with the hammering cap 4 is arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the reaming rod 1, and at least two rib plates 6 are arranged. The setting of floor 6 has two effects, firstly because floor 6 connects in hammering cap 4, and is provided with a plurality ofly generally, and a plurality of floors 6 are circumference evenly distributed on reaming pole 1, like this, in the in-process of applying force to hammering cap 4, the circumference of reaming pole 1 can be conducted to the even dispersion of the power that hammering cap 4 received, and hole reaming pole 1 one side atress is greater than the opposite side and lead to punching or reaming irregularity can not take place, influences the operation effect. Another function of the rib plates 6 is that when the hole expanding rod 1 is withdrawn from the bone, a plurality of rib plates 6 can be utilized to form rotary supporting force points, and an external tool is utilized to rotate the hole expanding rod 1 at the rib plates 6, so that the hole expanding rod 1 is conveniently withdrawn from the bone. For example, two rib plates 6 can form a straight-line type of force points, or as shown in fig. 2, four rib plates 6 are uniformly distributed along the circumference of the reaming rod 1, so that a cross-type of force points are formed, and the reaming rod 1 is conveniently screwed for rotation.

In the process of punching or reaming by using the hole-enlarging rod 1, the hammering cap 4 can be penetrated and cut by applying force, and in the process of applying force, the hole-enlarging rod 1 easily enters the bone too deeply due to too large force, so that the later-stage withdrawal is inconvenient. In this embodiment, a limiting table 7 is disposed on the outer circumferential surface of the hole-expanding rod 1, and the limiting table 7 is used to limit the hole-expanding rod 1, so as to prevent the hole-expanding rod 1 from cutting into the bone too deeply, and the hole-expanding rod 1 will be clamped on the bone at the edge of the cavity after the limiting table 7 reaches the bone surface, so that the hole-expanding rod 1 is not easy to continue to penetrate into the bone.

It will be appreciated that the structure of the limiting table 7 may be various, for example, a circle of protrusions or a round table is circumferentially arranged on the reaming rod 1, and a circle of protrusions in the circumferential direction can form a limit. In the present embodiment, the reamer spindle 1 includes a shaft portion 12 and a reamer portion 13, the reamer portion 13 having an outer diameter smaller than that of the shaft portion 12 to form the stopper 7 on the reamer spindle 1, and the reamer portion 13 having a tip 11 formed at an end remote from the shaft portion 12. The tip 11 of the reaming rod 1 of the embodiment is used for cutting and perforating, the diameter of the connecting rod part 12 is thicker, the strength of the reaming rod 1 is ensured, the diameter of the reaming part 13 is smaller than that of the connecting rod part 12, and a limiting table 7 is formed at the joint for limiting, so that the reaming rod 1 is prevented from cutting into the bone too deeply.

The following provides a specific embodiment of the positioning piece 3 and the positioning hole 2 to cooperate to realize positioning and guiding of the reaming rod 1.

In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, a stepped hole 41 is provided on the end face of the hammer cap 4 away from the hole-enlarging rod 1 (the right end face of the hammer cap 4 in fig. 3), the stepped hole 41 communicating with the through hole 5; the positioning member 3 is provided with a limit counter 31 near one end of the hammering cap 4 (right end of the positioning member 3 in fig. 3), and the limit counter 31 is adapted to abut in the stepped hole 41. The thickness of the limiting counter 31 is smaller than the depth of the stepped hole 41. The end of the positioning member 3 remote from the hammering cap 4 (the left end of the positioning member 3 in fig. 3) is a needle tip structure or a drill bit structure.

When the bone needs to be punched or reamed in the operation, firstly, the locating piece 3 penetrates into the hole-enlarging rod 1 along the locating hole 2, the lower end (the left end face of the locating piece 31 in fig. 3) of the limiting countersunk head 31 of the locating piece 3 is abutted in the step hole 41, at this time, the front end (the left end of the locating piece 3 in fig. 3) of the locating piece 3 stretches out of a part of the locating hole 2, after the punching position on the bone is determined, the part of the front end of the locating piece 3 stretching out of the locating hole 2 is pricked on the bone, because the front end of the locating piece 3 is in a needle point structure or a drill bit structure, small force can be applied to form positioning piercing on the bone, after the front end of the locating piece 3 finishes positioning on the bone, the tip 11 of the front end of the hole-enlarging rod 1 contacts the surface under the guide of the locating piece 3, at this time, the limiting countersunk head 31 of the locating piece 3 is located in the step hole 4, and the hammering is only one small hole is formed on the hammering cap 4 because the thickness of the limiting countersunk head 31 is smaller than the depth of the step hole 41, after the hammering tool is used for punching the hole-enlarging cap 4, the front end of the locating piece 3 stretches out of the locating hole 2, and the tip 11 can be continuously punched on the hole-enlarging hole 4 after the hole-enlarging rod 1 is continuously located on the step hole 41, and the hole-enlarging hole 4 is continuously located on the hole-enlarging head 4, and the hole-enlarging head 1 is continuously, and the hole-enlarging head 1 is continuously required to be located on the hole-enlarging hole 4 because the hole-enlarging head 1.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present utility model, and are not limiting; although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present utility model.

Claims (10)

1. A dilator for reaming bone, comprising:

the hole enlarging rod (1), one end of the hole enlarging rod (1) is a tip (11), and a positioning hole (2) penetrating through the hole enlarging rod (1) along the length direction of the hole enlarging rod (1) is formed in the hole enlarging rod (1);

the locating piece (3), locating piece (3) wears to locate locating hole (2), locating piece (3) are used for stretching out locating hole (2) and pierces the skeleton in order to form the expander is located on the skeleton.

2. A dilator for reaming bones according to claim 1, characterized in that the end of one end of the reaming rod (1) is provided with an external chamfer to form the tip (11).

3. The expander for bone reaming according to claim 2, wherein a hammering cap (4) is connected to the other end of the reaming rod (1) opposite to the tip (11), and a through hole (5) penetrating the hammering cap (4) and communicating with the positioning hole (2) is formed inside the hammering cap (4).

4. A spreader for reaming bones according to claim 3, characterized in that the outer peripheral surface of the other end of the reaming rod (1) is provided with ribs (6) connecting the hammering caps (4), said ribs (6) being provided with at least two.

5. The expander for reaming bones according to claim 4, wherein there are four of said ribs (6), four of said ribs (6) being uniformly distributed along the circumference of said reaming rod (1).

6. The expander for bone reaming as claimed in any one of claims 1-5, wherein the outer circumferential surface of the reaming rod (1) is provided with a stop (7).

7. The expander for bone reaming according to claim 6, wherein the reamer spindle (1) comprises a shaft portion (12) and a reamer portion (13), the reamer portion (13) having an outer diameter smaller than that of the shaft portion (12) to form the limit table (7) on the reamer spindle (1), the reamer portion (13) having the tip portion (11) formed at an end remote from the shaft portion (12).

8. A dilator for reaming bones according to any of the claims from 3 to 5, characterized in that said hammering cap (4) is provided with a stepped hole (41) on the end face remote from said reaming rod (1), said stepped hole (41) communicating with said through hole (5); one end of the locating piece (3) close to the hammering cap (4) is provided with a limiting countersunk head (31), and the limiting countersunk head (31) is suitable for being abutted in the step hole (41).

9. The expander for bone reaming according to claim 8, wherein the thickness of the limit counter (31) is smaller than the depth of the stepped bore (41).

10. A dilator for reaming bones according to claim 9, characterized in that the end of the positioning element (3) remote from the hammering cap (4) is a needle tip structure or a drill bit structure.