CN2201230Y - Pneumatic ground borer - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a pneumatic ground borer, which is provided with an elongate hollow body whose the front part is point and the back part is open. A striker arranged inside a hollow body can conduct the reciprocating motion, and the striker is provided with a groove whose the opening points backward; the striker is provided with a back radical direction bore which covers the wall of the groove. A graded air inlet pipe is provided. A sleeve which can slide inside the groove and sealed with the groove is provided, and a flexible pipe which longitudinally extends a piercing machine and guides compressed air to the striker is provided. A tail assembly is provided, and an exhaust passage is arranged on the tail assembly. When the radical direction pore of the striker moves backward and passes through the back end of sleeve, used compressed air can be discharged.

Description

Pneumatic ground borer

The utility model relates to pneumatic percussion tool.

Be used for holing and the pneumatic tools of perforating are well-known, a percussion hammer or piston are moving back and forth in the chamber of a sealing under the compressed-air actuated effect, thereby bump are provided for the drill bit or the chisel that are installed in the instrument front end.Pneumatic pick is exactly significant example.

The utility model provides a kind of pneumatic surface drilling machine, and it need not excavate the trench of crossing over the road surface just can be pipe below the road surface or cable punching.The general part of this drilling machine has: one has the torpedo shape body of tapered front end part and uncovered rearward end, one enters the drilling machine rear portion and that be connected, that air is provided flexible pipe with an air compressor, one is installed in reciprocating piston or percussion hammer in the drilling machine, and an air distribution mechanism that percussion hammer is promptly moved back and forth.Percussion hammer impinges upon on the antetheca (anvil block) of drilling machine body interior, drilling machine is travelled forward fiercely and enters soil.The outside of drilling machine body and around soil between the friction that exists percussion hammer is moved backward so that make instrument keep motionless when clashing into next time, thereby produce increase progressively enter travelling forward of soil.On the rail unit of drilling machine, the exhaust passage is arranged, so that used compressed air enters atmosphere.

This air distribution mechanism is used a kind of classification air inlet pipe.The joint of air inlet pipe is slidably, and with contact in the sealing of the tubular cavity of percussion hammer back.The radial hole that passes the tubular wall that surrounds this cavity is arranged on the percussion hammer, and in its back-end the outer bearing surface of slightly larger in diameter.This bearing-surface cooperates with the inner surface of drilling machine body.

The air of input drilling machine enters cavity in percussion hammer by air inlet pipe, and produces one and force the proal steady pressure of percussion hammer.When percussion hammer moves forward to enough far away and radial hole when leaving the front end of this joint, compressed air enters the space between percussion hammer and body, and this space is positioned at the front of the bearing-surface at percussion hammer rear portion.Because the cross-sectional area of percussion hammer front portion is slightly larger than the cross-sectional area of its rear cavity, therefore the net pressure that is applied by compressed air forces percussion hammer to move backward, to replace travelling forward of it.This is to take place after percussion hammer is just given the bump of anvil block in the drilling machine front portion.

When percussion hammer moved backward, radial hole turned back on this joint and the cup of isolated drilling machine, and the compressed-air actuated termination that provides is provided.The impulse force of percussion hammer moves it backward, breaks away from the rear end of this joint up to radial hole.At this moment,, and enter atmosphere, so the pressure in the cup descends by exhaust passage at the drilling machine rear portion owing to the air in the cup is gone out by radial hole.Pressure in percussion hammer rear cavity (it forms a pressure stabilizing chamber with the classification air inlet pipe) lining travels forward percussion hammer again, and this circulation repeats.

Drilling machine can have a head that can be disassembled and replace with the replacement head of an identical or different structure.The major part of this drilling machine has generally comprised, one tubular shell elongated, that have open front and after-opening, one comprises with mechanical system and is fixed on the anvil block in the housing open front and is installed in the head assembly of the removable head on this anvil block, one be installed in the housing inner chamber, can move back and forth, and the back striking face bump of giving this anvil block to promote the percussion hammer that drilling machine enters ground, one makes the reciprocating air distribution mechanism of percussion hammer, and one is installed in the housing after-opening, makes percussion hammer and air distribution mechanism be fixed on rail unit in the housing.

Describe the utility model in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, wherein, identical label is represented identical part,

Fig. 1 is the longitudinal section according to a kind of percussion tool of the present utility model;

Fig. 2 is the cutaway view of amplification of the rear end of instrument shown in Figure 1;

Fig. 3 is the rearview of instrument shown in Figure 2, and wherein air hose is analysed and observe;

Fig. 4 is the sectional elevation along the 4-4 line among Fig. 2;

Fig. 5 is the cutaway view of amplification of the front end of instrument shown in Figure 1;

Fig. 6 is the sectional elevation along the 6-6 line among Fig. 5;

Fig. 7 is the sectional elevation along the 7-7 line among Fig. 5;

Fig. 8 is the front view of instrument shown in Figure 5;

Fig. 9 is the front view of another embodiment of the utility model.

Please referring to Fig. 1 to Fig. 8, critical piece according to pneumatic surface drilling machine 10 of the present utility model is a drilling machine body 11, it comprises a housing 21 and head assembly 22, percussion hammer 12 can clash into the inside of body 11, thereby drive forwards drilling machine, classification air inlet pipe 13 cooperates with percussion hammer 12 and forms an air distribution mechanism, thereby provide compressed air that percussion hammer 12 is moved back and forth, an and rail unit 14, it allows waste gas to discharge in drilling machine, air inlet pipe 13 is connected on the body 11, and provides a spiral to connect so that can carry out reverse operating.Classification air inlet pipe 13 comprises sleeve 52 flexible pipe 51, one tubuloses, that be spirally connected a connector that extends back 50, and a forward and reverse adjustment screw mechanism 54.Rail unit 14 comprises an afterbody nut (back anvil block) 71 1 end caps (taper) 72, and they are fixed together by bolt 73.Nut 71 spiral shells are solid in the after-opening of drilling machine body 11, and exhaust passage 79 is arranged on it.

Percussion hammer 12 is installed into slidably and moves back and forth in the air inlet pipe 13 of drilling machine body 11 inboards and the front of rail unit 14.Percussion hammer 12 comprises that one is roughly the bar 31 of cylindricality, oriented open front of difference and aft-opening blind hole (groove) 32 and 33 on the bar 31.The front and back of plasticity sealing support ring 34 and 36 is installed in the corresponding annular groove 37 of bar 31 peripheries and 38 li so that supporting percussion hammer 12 makes its inner surface movement along housing 21.When drilling machine is in forward state, the preceding striking face 39 bump anvil blocks 23 of annular, and when drilling machine was in backward state, the back striking face 41 of annular clashed into the front end 45 of rail units 14.

Some backs radial holes 42 allow to be communicated with between grooves 33 and the annular space 43, and annular space 43 is between percussion hammer 12 and housing 21, and are limited by sealing ring 34 and 36.Radial hole 44 allows to be communicated with between space 43 and the forward recess 32 before second group.Annular space 43, hole 44, the inner space of forward recess 32 and ring 34 front housings 11 is formed the preceding balancing gate pit 35 of the variable volume of instrument jointly.

Referring to Fig. 2,3 and 4, classification air inlet pipe 13 comprises a flexible pipe 51, one tubular sleeves 52 and an adjustment screw mechanism 54.Flexible pipe 51 can be made by rubberized fabric, and it is connected the leading section of adjusting screw mechanism 54 by joint 55, adjusts screw mechanism 54 then and is connected with another section flexible pipe 53, and drilling machine 10 is connected with air compressor.Extend through the axial hole 56 of adjusting screw mechanism 54, flexible pipe 51 and sleeve 52 allow compressed air to arrive groove 33 from flexible pipe 53.

The cylindrical external surface of sleeve 52 is inserted 33 li of grooves slidably, and with the wall sealed engagement of groove 33.The common rear portion pressure stabilizing chamber of forming in the inner space of the classification air inlet pipe 13 of groove 33 and adjacency, it is communicated with anterior transformation chamber off and on by hole 42.If desired, the support ring 57 of a plasticity can be installed in an annular peripheral groove of sleeve 52, to reduce the leakage of air between the wall of sleeve 52 and groove 33.Sleeve 52 is preferably made by light material such as plastics.

Adjust screw mechanism 54 comprise before and after collar tube sub-assembly 58 and 59, their ends to the end be screwed onto together, as shown in the figure.The structure of this butt joint helps the assembly and disassembly of mechanism 54.The shear connector 60 of one elastomeric material system is installed in 61 li of the annular grooves of the outer surface of anterior cannula parts 58 rear ends.One outer tube 62 is installed on the outer peripheral face of shear connector 60, and shear connector 60 best and sleeve pipe 62 and groove 61 bondings.Outer tube 62 has periphery screw thread 63, (below will introduce in detail) thereby classification air inlet pipe 13 can be fixed on the rail unit 14.Do outer tube 62 short as far as possible, for example have only the screwed hole length that it is installed only about half of or this screwed hole length half less than.The length of the thread turns that sleeve pipe 62 preferably only is enough to provide enough, so as to realize mode of operation just change can, for example 6 enclose or still less.Adjust the rear end of the rear sleeve parts 59 of screw mechanism 54 and fixing flexible pipe 53 by joint 64, joint 64 extends through the centre bore 66 of 72 li of end caps with flexible pipe 53.

Referring to Fig. 5,6,7 and 8, drilling machine body 11 comprises a circular cylindrical tubular housing 21, it has the conical nose assembly 22 that comprises according to removable head of the present utility model.Head assembly 22 comprises anvil block 23, and its (for example) is by external screw thread 28 and 27 li of the open fronts that mechanically is fixed on body near 29 engagements of the internal thread on the inner peripheral surface of housing 21 open fronts.Anvil block 23 preferably has the steel column of centre bore 30.Bar 24 has 30 li motionless rear end parts 15 of centre bore that can remain on anvil block 23.Centre bore 30 is cone-shaped forward, and the rear end part 15 of bar 24 also has the outer surface of cone-shaped forward, thereby can closely be fixed on 30 li of centre bores.Anvil block 23 also has one in annular lip 40 front end, outward extending, and it meshes with step 46 on housing 21 front openings 27 inner peripheral surfaces.46 engagements of flange 40 and step, thus can be used as a brake structure and block anvil block, prevent its further motion backward.

Removable head 26 extends through its centre bore 47 by bar 24 and is installed on the bar 24.The front end of centre bore 47 is slightly larger than bar 24 on diameter, so that removable head can be slided along bar 24.Head 26 rear end have one from the inside slightly isolated inner convex platform 48 of its outer peripheral face, and it is close to the inboard of housing 21 front openings 27, thus help head 26 with suitable fixed-site on housing 21.The centre bore 47 of head 26 has the rear end part of a diameter greater than its fore-end, thereby forms a cavity 47A around bar, alleviates the weight of head assembly 22 thus.

Removable head 26 has an outer surface 49 that shrinks forward, thereby make head present a frustoconical shape, the shape of the tip portion of it and common pneumatic surface drilling machine is more or less the same, but also can be other different shape, for example, can be columniform, also can load onto fin or blade annular or lengthwise on it, so that can pass hard soil or be used for some special occasions, as make pipe break.

The locking mechanism 25 that can thread off is fixed on head 26 in the open front 27 of housing 21.The locking mechanism 25 that can thread off comprises a collar nut 67, and it is screwed onto on the front end external screw thread 68 on the bar 24 that places head 26 fronts, thereby head 26 is clipped between housing 21 and the nut 67.Mechanism 25 also comprises head 26 is clamped in proper device on the nut 67, for example by being screwed onto one or several bolt 69 in the screw 70 on the nut 67.Extend with the y direction that is parallel to drilling machine in hole 70, and preferably arrange around the centre bore 74 of nut 67 with symmetric mode.

The end 80 of bolt 69 is being tight against the annular front face 75 of removable head 26, thereby head 26 is pressed to housing 21, and the bar 24 that stretches thus provides a clamping action.For this reason, bar 24 preferably has a more shallow ring-shaped depression 76 in the back near screw thread 68.During bar 24 stretches, the distortion when depression 76 will be held tie rod 24, thereby the service life of improving drilling machine.In like manner, the mid portion of bar 24 in cavity 47A also has a diameter that dwindles slightly.

Although percussion hammer 12 has powerful impact to act on the front end of drilling machine, it is motionless that removable head 26 still can remain on the original place.If head 26 is fixed firmly by the locking mechanism 25 that plays clamping action, it is will be very fast in use destroyed and lost efficacy.For this reason, preferably tight a bolt 69, thereby on bar 24, apply tensile force at least about 100,000 pounds.

According to another form of the present utility model shown in Figure 9, replace collar nut 67 with a hex nut 81 with plane 82.Saved bolt 69.For required clamping being provided for head 26, must on plane 82, apply huge power and tighten hex nut 81.This embodiment has the advantage that can use less part, but will unload its really difficulty comparatively, and this is because must use bigger fastening force in order to fix it.

Except providing a kind of system to come hyperphoric or replacing the head of drilling machine, example of the present utility model also can use drilling machine body forging or mechanism, that have tapered front end part.Housing 21 can be replaced by a columnar steel pipe, thereby reduces the manufacturing expense of drilling machine.

Claims (3)

1, a kind of pneumatic surface drilling machine is characterized in that it comprises:

One elongated hollow body, it has a forward tip and an after-opening;

One percussion hammer, it is installed in the ducted body, can move back and forth, and this percussion hammer has a uncovered backward groove and to pass through the rear portion radial direction through hole of the wall of this groove of encirclement;

One classification air inlet pipe, it cooperates with percussion hammer can make percussion hammer move back and forth in ducted body, and the front bulkhead of giving ducted body provides bump to promote drilling machine forward, it comprise one with percussion hammer in the sleeve that groove slides and sealing contacts, a longitudinal extension is by drilling machine and guide compressed air to enter the flexible pipe of percussion hammer; And

One rail unit, it comprises that one extends through vertical hole of rail unit, shear connector by an elastomeric material system in this hole is installed with air inlet pipe, rail unit also has the exhaust passage, it is communicated with radial hole in the percussion hammer off and on, when the radial hole in the percussion hammer moved through the rear end of sleeve backward, it can discharge the compressed air of using.

2, pneumatic surface drilling machine as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, air inlet pipe also has one and the isolated backward threaded sleeve pipe of sleeve, this sleeve pipe has the periphery screw thread that can be spirally connected with the vertical hole on the rail unit, to allow air inlet pipe to move axially to a rear positions, thereby make the drilling machine counter motion, and allow air inlet pipe to move axially to a forward position, thereby drilling machine is travelled forward.

3, pneumatic surface drilling machine as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, the shear connector on the air inlet pipe is close in the outwardly open groove in the air inlet pipe outside, and threaded sleeve pipe is fixed on the outer peripheral face of shear connector.

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