CN220093366U

CN220093366U - Friction welding tool

Info

Publication number: CN220093366U
Application number: CN202321179400.4U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 郭达伟; 胡峰峰; 杨伊凡; 陈佳航; 李文晓; 朱志雄; 郭志达; 谭立武
Original assignee: Aerospace Engineering Equipment Suzhou Co ltd; Macau Institute Of Development And Quality
Current assignee: Aerospace Engineering Equipment Suzhou Co ltd; Macau Institute Of Development And Quality
Priority date: 2023-05-16
Filing date: 2023-05-16
Publication date: 2023-11-28
Anticipated expiration: 2033-05-16

Abstract

The utility model provides a friction welding tool which comprises a connecting part, a main body part, at least one air inlet part and at least one air outlet part. The main part is connected with the connecting portion, is equipped with the cooling chamber in the main part, and the air inlet portion link up inside and outside the main part for provide the cooling air entry for the cooling chamber, the air outlet portion link up inside and outside the main part, be used for discharging the cooling air in the cooling chamber. In the rotating process of the friction welding tool, the air inlet of the air inlet part faces the windward direction of the friction welding tool, the air outlet of the air outlet part faces the leeward direction of the friction welding tool, and thus cooling air can be caused to flow between the air inlet part and the air outlet part to form convection cooling by means of the rotating motion of the friction welding tool, the purpose of reducing the temperature of the friction welding tool is achieved, the service life of the friction welding tool is prolonged, and when the friction welding tool is applied to a high-rotating-speed working condition, the problem that a sealing ring is seriously worn due to overhigh rotating speed, so that cooling water leaks is avoided, and the welding quality of products is improved.

Description

Friction welding tool

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of friction welding equipment, in particular to a friction welding tool.

Background

Friction welding refers to the use of heat generated by friction between a welding tool rotating at a high speed and a workpiece to locally melt a material to be welded, and when the welding tool moves forward along a welding interface, the plasticized material gradually deposits behind a welding needle along with the movement of the welding tool, so that a welding seam is formed.

The friction welding method is focused by scientific research institutions of various countries because of the characteristics of small welding deformation, small residual stress, no need of protective gas and filling materials, capability of eliminating welding defects such as air holes, inclusions, cracks and the like, no generation of arc light, smoke dust, noise pollution and the like. Although a high-quality welding seam can be obtained by using a friction welding method, a welding needle rubs against the surface of a workpiece to generate a large amount of heat, which is beneficial to the rapid softening of a base metal, the heat affected zone of the welding seam is increased along with the continuous increase of the temperature, and the strength of a welding head and the quality of the welding seam are reduced. It is therefore important to quickly reduce the temperature of the bonding tool.

In the prior art, a surface cooling method is adopted to cool the friction welding tool, on one hand, the cooling method is to cool the surface of the welding needle or the shaft shoulder of the friction welding tool at a position far away from the welding needle, and the position, close to the shaft shoulder and the welding needle, of the center of the friction welding tool is not directly cooled, so that the cooling efficiency is low; on the other hand, the cooling method needs to be additionally provided with a cooling device, so that the whole structure is complex, and the cost is increased; in addition, under the high-rotation-speed welding working condition, the friction welding tool is high in rotation speed, so that the abrasion of the sealing ring is easy to cause, the leakage of cooling liquid is caused, and the welding quality of products is influenced.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the utility model provides a friction welding tool which generates air flow through autorotation so as to cool the friction welding tool, has high cooling efficiency, does not need to additionally configure a cooling device, saves cost, and can be suitable for welding working conditions with high rotating speed.

The present utility model provides a friction welding tool comprising:

a connection part for connecting with a driving device;

the main body part is connected with the connecting part, and a cooling cavity for cooling the shaft shoulder and/or the welding needle is arranged in the main body part;

at least one wind inlet part penetrating the inside and outside of the main body part and used for providing a cooling air inlet for the cooling cavity; and

at least one air outlet part penetrating the inside and outside of the main body part and used for discharging cooling air in the cooling cavity;

during the rotation process of the friction welding tool, the wind inlet part faces the windward direction of the friction welding tool, and the wind outlet part faces the leeward direction of the friction welding tool.

The friction stir welding tool described above, further, the wind inlet portion includes:

the air inlet is formed in the outer wall of the main body;

the air inlet outlet is arranged on the inner wall of the cooling cavity and is close to the shaft shoulder and/or the welding needle; and

the wind inlet is spirally extended to the wind inlet, and the rotation direction of the wind inlet is the same as the rotation direction of the friction welding tool during working.

In the friction stir welding tool, further, the cross-sectional area of the air inlet channel is gradually reduced from the air inlet to the air inlet outlet.

The friction stir welding tool described above, further, the air outlet portion includes:

the air outlet inlet is formed in the inner wall of the cooling cavity;

the air outlet is formed in the outer wall of the main body part; and

an air outlet flow passage extending from the air outlet inlet to the air outlet in a spiral manner;

the rotation direction of the air outlet flow channel is opposite to that of the air inlet flow channel.

In the friction stir welding tool, further, the cross section area of the air outlet is smaller than the cross section area of the air inlet.

The friction stir welding tool further comprises a bulge part arranged on the side wall of the main body part, wherein in the rotating process of the friction welding tool, the end face of the bulge part facing the windward direction is a windward face, and the windward inlet is arranged on the windward face.

In the friction stir welding tool, further, the bulge portion has an arc-shaped structure protruding outwards, and the air inlet channel portion is arranged in the bulge portion.

The friction stir welding tool further comprises a plurality of cooling cavities arranged along the circumferential direction of the main body part, wherein each cooling cavity is communicated with at least one air inlet part and at least one air outlet part.

In the friction stir welding tool, further, a heat dissipation component is arranged at the bottom of the cooling cavity, which is close to the shaft shoulder and/or the welding pin.

The friction stir welding tool described above, further, the heat dissipating assembly comprises a heat dissipating stud and at least one heat sink.

The above-described features may be combined in various suitable ways or replaced by equivalent features as long as the object of the present utility model can be achieved.

Compared with the prior art, the friction stir welding tool and the friction stir tool assembly provided by the utility model have the following beneficial effects:

according to the friction welding tool provided by the utility model, the connecting part can be connected with the machine head of the corresponding equipment, or the connecting part is connected to the bottom of the corresponding machine head rotating mechanism, and the machine head drives the main body part connected with the connecting part to rotate so as to realize friction welding operation. And simultaneously, the air inlet of the air inlet part is arranged towards the windward direction of the friction welding tool, the air outlet of the air outlet part is arranged towards the leeward direction of the friction welding tool, and the air inlet part and the air outlet part are communicated through the cooling cavity to form a convection heat dissipation channel. When the friction welding tool rotates, the cooling air can flow in the heat dissipation channel to form convection cooling by virtue of the rotation movement of the friction welding tool, so that the aim of reducing the temperature of the shaft shoulder and/or the welding needle of the friction welding tool is fulfilled, the condition that the friction welding tool is worn and accelerated due to overhigh temperature is reduced, the service life of the friction welding tool and the quality of a welding seam are improved, and the pressure difference and the temperature of the lower part of the cooling cavity are higher than the upper temperature, so that the cooling air after heat exchange flows upwards and is finally discharged from the air outlet part, a good heat dissipation effect is achieved, a cooling device is not required to be additionally arranged, the cost is effectively saved, the cooling effect can be realized by directly utilizing the air flow generated by the autorotation of the friction welding tool, the problem that the sealing ring is seriously worn due to overhigh rotating speed and the cooling water leakage is further solved when the friction welding tool is applied to a high-rotating speed working condition, and the welding quality of products is effectively improved.

In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present utility model more comprehensible, preferred embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings which are used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the description below are only some embodiments of the utility model, and that other drawings can be obtained from them without inventive faculty for a person skilled in the art.

The utility model will be described in more detail hereinafter on the basis of embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Wherein:

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a friction welding tool according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 2 is a diagram of the internal structure of a friction welding tool according to an embodiment of the present utility model, showing the structure of the air inlet and outlet portions in a focused manner;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a friction welding tool provided in an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 4 is a top view of a friction welding tool according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 5 is a partial cross-sectional view of a friction welding tool according to an embodiment of the present utility model, focusing on the structure of the air outlet;

FIG. 6 is a partial cross-sectional view of a friction welding tool according to an embodiment of the present utility model, with emphasis on illustrating the structure of the wind inlet;

fig. 7 is a partial cross-sectional view of a friction welding tool according to an embodiment of the present utility model, focusing on the structure of a heat dissipating assembly.

In the drawings, like parts are given like reference numerals, and the drawings are not to actual scale.

Reference numerals:

10. a connection part;

20. a main body portion; 210. a shaft shoulder; 220. a welding needle; 230. a cooling chamber;

30. a wind inlet part; 310. a wind inlet; 320. an air inlet and an air outlet; 330. an air inlet flow passage; 340. a bulge;

40. an air outlet part; 410. an air outlet inlet; 420. an air outlet; 430. an air outlet flow passage;

50. a heat dissipation assembly; 510. a heat radiation column; 520. a heat sink.

Detailed Description

The utility model is further described with reference to the following detailed drawings in order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement of the purpose and the effect of the implementation of the utility model easy to understand.

The utility model will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The friction welding process is to extend the welding needle into the joint of the workpiece to be welded, and to make the welding needle rub with the welding workpiece material through the high-speed rotation of the welding needle, so that the material at the connecting part is heated and softened, and the material with high plastic deformation is stirred, mixed and gradually deposited on the back of the welding needle along with the rotation and movement of the welding needle, so as to form the welding seam. However, as the welding distance increases, heat accumulation is easy to occur, so that the welding temperature is too high, the abrasion of welding tools is increased, the service life is shortened, and the performance of welding seams is reduced. Based on this, an additionally configured water cooling device is used in the prior art to cool the friction welding tool.

However, the inventor finds that the existing water cooling device mostly cools the outer surface of the welding tool, and does not directly reach the shaft shoulder and the welding needle position of the welding tool, so that the cooling efficiency is low, the cooling device needs to be additionally configured, the structure is relatively complex, and the cost is increased. In addition, under the high-rotation-speed working condition, the problem of leakage of cooling liquid is easy to occur, and the welding quality is influenced. In view of the above, the utility model provides a friction welding tool, when the friction welding tool rotates, external cooling air can be introduced into a cooling cavity in the friction welding tool through an air inlet part, and after heat exchange is carried out with a shaft shoulder and a welding needle of the friction welding tool, the heat is discharged through an air outlet part, so that the purpose of rapid cooling is realized, and the service life of the friction welding tool and the quality of welding seams are improved. Because the method of gas convection cooling is adopted, when the device is applied to a working condition with high rotating speed, the problem of cooling water leakage caused by severe abrasion of a sealing ring due to overhigh rotating speed can be avoided.

Referring to fig. 1 to 7, a friction welding tool according to an embodiment of the present utility model includes a connection portion 10, a main body portion 20, at least one air inlet portion 30, and at least one air outlet portion 40. The connection portion 10 is used for connecting a driving device. The main body 20 is connected to the connection portion 10, and a cooling chamber 230 for cooling the shoulder 210 and/or the pin 220 is provided in the main body 20. At least one wind inlet portion 30 penetrates inside and outside the main body portion 20 for providing a cooling air inlet for the cooling chamber 230. At least one air outlet portion 40 penetrates the inside and outside of the main body portion 20 for discharging cooling air in the cooling chamber 230. During rotation of the friction welding tool, the wind-in portion 30 faces the windward direction of the friction welding tool and the wind-out portion 40 faces the leeward direction of the friction welding tool.

According to the friction welding tool provided by the utility model, the connecting part 10 can be connected with the driving device of the corresponding equipment, or the connecting part 10 is connected to the bottom of the rotating mechanism of the corresponding driving device, and the connecting part 10 is driven by the driving device to drive the main body part 20 to rotate so as to realize friction welding operation. The air inlet 30 and the air outlet 40 are communicated through the cooling cavity 230, so that a convection heat dissipation channel is formed in the friction welding tool. When the friction welding tool rotates, the cooling air can be promoted to flow in the heat dissipation channel by virtue of the rotation movement of the friction welding tool to form convection cooling, so that the purpose of reducing the temperature of the shaft shoulder 210 and/or the welding needle 220 of the friction welding tool is achieved, the condition that the friction welding tool is worn quickly due to overhigh temperature is reduced, and the service life of the friction welding tool and the quality of welding seams are improved.

In some embodiments of the present utility model, the connection portion 10 and the main body portion 20 may be in a split structure, so that the connection portion 10 may be manufactured using general die steel, and the main body portion 20 may be manufactured using high-speed steel or a superalloy material, so that deformation of the main body portion 20 at the bottom end at high temperature can be avoided, and cost can be saved. The connection portion 10 and the main body portion 20 may be coupled by a male-female structure and fixed by a bolt, so that torque is transmitted between the connection portion 10 and the main body portion 20. Of course, the connecting portion 10 and the main body portion 20 may be integrally formed, so that the overall structural strength of the friction welding tool can be enhanced.

In some embodiments of the present utility model, referring to FIG. 3, a cooling cavity 230 may be axially disposed along the body portion 20 with its lower end extending to the location of the shoulder 210 or pin 220 at the bottom end of the friction welding tool. The cooling cavity 230 may be disposed in one or more than one along the circumferential direction of the main body 20, each cooling cavity 230 is communicated with at least one air inlet 30 and at least one air outlet 40, and the cooling cavities 230 may be uniformly distributed in the main body 20, so that not only the cooling effect is improved, but also the purpose of uniform cooling is achieved.

In some embodiments of the present utility model, referring to fig. 6 and 7, the wind inlet 30 is provided with at least one. Specifically, two, three, four, etc. wind inlet portions 30 may be provided, and in the present utility model, three wind inlet portions 30 are distributed in an annular array with respect to the rotation axis of the main body portion 20, and each wind inlet portion 30 communicates with the cooling cavity 230. By providing three air inlet portions 30, the amount of external cooling air introduced during the rotation operation of the friction welding tool can be increased, thereby improving the cooling efficiency and cooling effect.

In some embodiments of the present utility model, referring to fig. 5, the air outlet 40 is provided with at least one. Specifically, two, three, four, etc. air outlet portions 40 may be provided, in the present utility model, four air outlet portions 40 are distributed in an annular array with respect to the rotation axis of the main body portion 20, and each air outlet portion 40 is communicated with the cooling cavity 230. By providing four air outlet portions 40, the cooling air after heat exchange in the cooling chamber 230 can be discharged in time.

Since the temperature of the lower portion of the cooling chamber 230 is higher than the temperature of the upper portion, the air inlet portion 30 is disposed at the bottom of the main body portion 20 near the shoulder 210 or the pin 220, and the air outlet portion 40 is disposed at the upper portion of the main body portion 20 far from the shoulder 210 or the pin 220. By utilizing the principle of high-temperature gas rising, the cooling air after heat exchange can flow upwards along the cooling cavity 230 and be discharged through the air outlet part 40, so that the efficient cooling of the friction welding tool is realized.

In some embodiments of the present utility model, the wind inlet 30 may include a wind inlet 310, a wind outlet 320, and a wind inlet flow path 330. The air inlet 310 is formed on the outer wall of the main body 20 and faces the windward direction of the friction welding tool during operation, so as to introduce external cooling air into the air inlet flow path 330. The cross section of the wind inlet 310 may be various shapes such as a circle, an ellipse, a polygon, etc., and in particular, may be determined according to the use requirements. The air inlet 320 is formed on the inner wall of the cooling cavity 230 and is close to the shoulder 210 and/or the welding pin 220, so that the external cooling air can directly reach the shoulder 210 and/or the welding pin 220, thereby improving the cooling efficiency. The cross section of the wind inlet 320 may be various shapes such as a circle, an ellipse, a polygon, etc., and in particular, may be determined according to the use requirements. The air inlet channel 330 extends from the air inlet 310 to the air inlet 320 in a spiral manner, and the rotation direction of the air inlet channel 330 is the same as the rotation direction of the friction welding tool during operation, so as to guide the flow of cooling air and reduce the air resistance, so that the external cooling air can quickly enter the cooling cavity 230 along the air inlet channel 330.

The cross-sectional shape of the air inlet flow channel 330 may be circular, elliptical, polygonal, etc., of course, the cross-sectional shapes of the positions in the air inlet flow channel 330 may be the same or different, for example, the front section of the air inlet flow channel 330 near the air inlet 310 may be circular, the middle section of the air inlet flow channel 330 may be elliptical, and the rear section of the air inlet flow channel 330 near the air inlet 320 may be polygonal. Specifically, the setting can be performed as required.

In some embodiments of the present utility model, the cross-sectional area of the air inlet flow channel 330 is gradually reduced from the air inlet 310 to the air inlet outlet 320, so that the cooling air is accelerated to flow in the air inlet flow channel 330, thereby improving the heat dissipation effect.

In some embodiments of the present utility model, the air outlet 40 may include an air outlet inlet 410, an air outlet 420, and an air outlet flow passage 430. The air outlet 410 is formed on the inner wall of the cooling cavity 230 and is located at the upper portion of the cooling cavity 230 away from the shaft shoulder 210 and/or the welding pin 220, and the cross section of the air outlet 410 can be various shapes, such as a circle, an ellipse, a polygon, etc., specifically, can be determined according to the use requirement. The air outlet 420 is formed on the outer wall of the main body 20, and the cross section of the air outlet 420 may be various shapes, such as a circle, an ellipse, a polygon, etc., specifically, may be determined according to the use requirement. The air outlet flow channel 430 extends to the air outlet 420 from the air outlet inlet 410 in a spiral manner, and the rotation direction of the air outlet flow channel 430 is opposite to that of the air inlet flow channel 330, so that heat at the bottom end of the friction welding tool can be taken away by convection heat dissipation in the rotation process of the friction welding tool, and rapid cooling of the shaft shoulder 210 and/or the welding needle 220 is realized.

Further, the cross-sectional area of the air outlet inlet 410 is smaller than that of the air inlet 310, so that the pressure of the lower part of the cooling cavity 230 is higher than that of the upper part, and a pressure difference is generated inside the cooling cavity 230, so that the cooling air in the cooling cavity 230 flows upwards under the action of the pressure difference, and finally is discharged to the outside of the cooling cavity 230 through the air outlet 40, thereby further improving the cooling efficiency.

In some embodiments of the present utility model, referring to fig. 4, the wind inlet 30 further includes a protrusion 340 provided on a sidewall of the main body 20, and during rotation of the friction welding tool, an end surface of the protrusion 340 facing in a wind direction may be considered as a wind facing surface, and the wind inlet 310 is provided on the wind facing surface. The bulge 340 is closely attached to the outer side wall of the main body 20, and the bulge 340 and the main body 20 may be integrally formed, so that the structural strength is further improved.

It should be noted that, the bulge portion 340 may have an outwardly protruding arc structure, and the air inlet channel 330 is partially disposed in the arc structure of the bulge portion 340, and another portion extends into the main body portion 20. Thus, the external cooling air can directly enter the cooling cavity 230 along the air inlet flow channel 330 and the air inlet outlet 320, thereby reducing air resistance.

In some embodiments of the present utility model, referring to FIG. 7, a cooling cavity 230 is provided with a heat sink assembly 50 near the bottom of the shoulder 210 and/or pin 220. The heat sink assembly 50 may include a heat sink post 510 and at least one heat sink 520, wherein when the heat sink 520 is provided with at least two heat sinks, the at least two heat sinks may be disposed in a circumferential array around the heat sink post 510 at the bottom of the cooling cavity 230. The heat dissipation area can be increased by arranging the heat dissipation assembly 50, and the heat dissipation effect is improved.

In the description of the present specification, a description referring to terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present utility model. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples may be combined and combined by those skilled in the art without contradiction.

Although the utility model herein has been described with reference to particular embodiments, it is to be understood that these embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and applications of the present utility model. It is therefore to be understood that numerous modifications may be made to the illustrative embodiments and that other arrangements may be devised without departing from the spirit and scope of the present utility model as defined by the appended claims. It should be understood that the different dependent claims and the features described herein may be combined in ways other than as described in the original claims. It is also to be understood that features described in connection with separate embodiments may be used in other described embodiments.

Claims

1. A friction welding tool, comprising:

a connection part (10) for connecting a driving device;

a main body part (20) connected with the connecting part (10), wherein a cooling cavity (230) for cooling the shaft shoulder (210) and/or the welding needle (220) is arranged in the main body part (20);

at least one air inlet portion (30) penetrating inside and outside the main body portion (20) for providing a cooling air inlet for the cooling chamber (230); and

at least one air outlet portion (40) penetrating the inside and outside of the main body portion (20) for discharging cooling air in the cooling chamber (230);

during the rotation process of the friction welding tool, the wind inlet part (30) faces the windward direction of the friction welding tool, and the wind outlet part (40) faces the leeward direction of the friction welding tool.

2. A friction welding tool according to claim 1, wherein the wind-in portion (30) comprises:

an air inlet (310) which is arranged on the outer wall of the main body part (20);

the air inlet outlet (320) is formed in the inner wall of the cooling cavity (230) and is close to the shaft shoulder (210) and/or the welding needle (220); and

and the wind inlet flow passage (330) extends from the wind inlet (310) to the wind inlet (320) in a spiral mode, and the rotation direction of the wind inlet flow passage (330) is the same as the rotation direction of the friction welding tool during operation.

3. A friction welding tool according to claim 2, wherein the cross-sectional area of the inlet air flow channel (330) decreases gradually from the inlet air inlet (310) to the inlet air outlet (320).

4. A friction welding tool according to claim 2, wherein the air outlet (40) comprises:

an air outlet inlet (410) which is arranged on the inner wall of the cooling cavity (230);

an air outlet (420) which is arranged on the outer wall of the main body part (20); and

an air outlet flow passage (430) extending from the air outlet inlet (410) to the air outlet (420) in a spiral shape;

the rotation direction of the air outlet flow channel (430) is opposite to that of the air inlet flow channel (330).

5. The friction welding tool according to claim 4, wherein a cross-sectional area of the air outlet inlet (410) is smaller than a cross-sectional area of the air inlet (310).

6. The friction welding tool according to claim 2, wherein the wind inlet (30) further comprises a bulge (340) provided on a side wall of the main body (20), and an end surface of the bulge (340) facing a wind direction is a windward surface during rotation of the friction welding tool, and the wind inlet (310) is provided on the windward surface.

7. The friction welding tool according to claim 6, wherein the bulge (340) has an outwardly convex arc-shaped structure, and the air inlet flow path (330) is partially provided in the bulge (340).

8. A friction welding tool according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein a plurality of said cooling cavities (230) are provided circumferentially along said main body portion (20), each of said cooling cavities (230) communicating at least one of said air inlet portions (30) and at least one of said air outlet portions (40).

9. A friction welding tool according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that the cooling chamber (230) is provided with a heat dissipating assembly (50) near the bottom of the shoulder (210) and/or the pin (220).

10. The friction welding tool according to claim 9, wherein the heat dissipating assembly (50) comprises a heat dissipating stud (510) and at least one heat sink (520).