CN220090943U - System device for capturing carbon dioxide by renewable carbon dioxide adsorbent - Google Patents

System device for capturing carbon dioxide by renewable carbon dioxide adsorbent Download PDF

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CN220090943U
CN220090943U CN202320321946.2U CN202320321946U CN220090943U CN 220090943 U CN220090943 U CN 220090943U CN 202320321946 U CN202320321946 U CN 202320321946U CN 220090943 U CN220090943 U CN 220090943U
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carbon dioxide
adsorbent
channel
gas
pipeline
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代乐
高彦宁
徐杰英
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China Shipbuilding Industry Group Environmental Engineering Co ltd
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China Shipbuilding Industry Group Environmental Engineering Co ltd
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Abstract

A system device for capturing carbon dioxide by a regenerable carbon dioxide adsorbent belongs to the field of capturing carbon dioxide. Comprises a three-way valve (2), a turbulent bed adsorber (5), an adsorbent pool (10), a centrifugal separation screen drum (11), a magnetic separator (12) and a regeneration tower (16); the carbon dioxide is adsorbed in the turbulent flow bed adsorber (5) by adopting a magnetic solid particle suspension liquid, the suspension liquid is transferred to a centrifugal separation screen drum (11) and is separated from the magnetic solid particles by adopting an electromagnet, the magnetic solid particles enter the turbulent flow bed adsorber (5) after being treated again by a regeneration tower (16), and the separated liquid also enters the turbulent flow bed adsorber (5). The energy consumption of heating in the regeneration process is reduced, thereby saving energy.

Description

System device for capturing carbon dioxide by renewable carbon dioxide adsorbent
Technical Field
The present utility model relates to the field of capturing carbon dioxide from mixed exhaust gases, and to an improved means of absorption and regeneration of carbon dioxide adsorbents for capturing carbon dioxide from exhaust gases containing carbon dioxide, such as exhaust gases from combustion of carbonaceous materials or other carbon dioxide releasing reactions.
Background
Over the past centuries, the combustion of fossil fuels such as coal, natural gas and petroleum has increased, resulting in an increase in the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. The data indicate that the total amount of carbon dioxide produced by world-wide fuel usage by 2010 has reached 306 billions of tons and by 2020 has broken through 340 billions of tons. From the simulation data, greenhouse effect has more potential to affect the earth climate. The reduction of carbon dioxide emitted to the atmosphere from the combustion of fossil fuels can be achieved by capturing and safely storing carbon dioxide emitted from thermal power plants and other fossil fuel burning plants. The captured carbon dioxide may be injected into the subsurface, such as an oil well, as pressure to enhance oil recovery, or injected into depleted oil and gas wells for deposition. Experiments show that carbon dioxide can be preserved underground for thousands of years and cannot be released into the atmosphere.
Capturing carbon dioxide in exhaust gas by means of adsorbents has been used in the prior art for decades, for example for removing carbon dioxide (and other acid gases) from natural gas produced in gas fields. The adsorbents used in the prior art are various basic aqueous solutions such as potassium carbonate, potassium bicarbonate and various amine solutions. The separation of carbon dioxide from the exhaust gas of a thermal power plant with an amine solution is a common treatment method.
These carbon dioxide capture solutions are typically liquid adsorbents with the mixed gas to be separated introduced into the absorber column from the bottom end. After the carbon dioxide of the exhaust gas in the absorption tower is captured (or acid gas is absorbed), the carbon dioxide (or other acid gas) is discharged out of the absorption tower together with the adsorbent. The adsorbent regeneration reaction is carried out in a regeneration tower and returned to the absorption tower. Regeneration of the amine solution is carried out by stripping in a regeneration column with steam generated in a reboiler at the bottom of the column. However, in the current process of capturing carbon dioxide by the carbon capturing technology, the carbon dioxide capturing efficiency is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The present utility model aims to provide a device for removing carbon dioxide from exhaust gas by using a solid adsorbent for capturing carbon dioxide from exhaust gas, wherein carbon dioxide in exhaust gas is removed by using a suspension containing the adsorbent, so as to solve the problem of low carbon dioxide capturing efficiency in the prior art.
The system device for capturing carbon dioxide by the regenerable carbon dioxide adsorbent is characterized by comprising a three-way valve (2), a turbulent bed adsorber (5), an adsorbent pool (10), a centrifugal separation screen drum (11), a magnetic separator (12) and a regeneration tower (16);
the turbulent bed adsorber (5) is of a conical cavity structure with a cover, the upper port is large, the lower port is small, the upper port is provided with the cover, the upper port is provided with a screen disc (6), the screen disc (6) is a gas channel formed by two plates which are horizontally arranged up and down, the periphery of the gas channel is sealed outside a gas inlet, and a plurality of uniformly distributed air holes are formed in the upper plate and the lower plate corresponding to the gas channel and serve as gas outlets; a large hole is arranged in the center of the screen disc (6), and a vertical pipeline (29) which extends downwards is matched in the large hole; an exhaust gas outlet (7) is arranged on the cover of the upper port of the turbulent bed adsorber (5), and the exhaust gas outlet (7) is provided with a demister (8); the conical structure is internally provided with a suspension containing the solid adsorbent, and the suspension floods the screen tray (6); a gap is formed between the side surface of the gas channel of the screen disc (6) and the inner side surface of the conical structure, the lower port of the vertical pipeline (29) is directly opposite to the lower port of the conical structure, and the lower port of the vertical pipeline (29) is suspended and is provided with a gap with the lower port of the conical structure; the conical cavity is internally provided with a suspension containing magnetic solid particle adsorbent;
the main body of the liquid separation channel (13) is a cuboid channel, the channel opening is provided with an axial horizontal centrifugal separation screen cylinder (11), a section of electromagnet (12) with an arc-shaped section is fixed on the surface of the centrifugal separation screen cylinder (11), the length direction of the electromagnet (12) is consistent with and parallel to the axial length of the centrifugal separation screen cylinder (13), and the arc-shaped electromagnet (12) can rotate along with the centrifugal separation screen cylinder (11); an upward arc-shaped barrier plate (26) is arranged at one side of the channel opening of the liquid separation channel (13), and the arc-shaped barrier plate (30) is positioned on the outer side surface of the centrifugal separation screen cylinder (11) and is parallel to the outer side surface of the centrifugal separation screen cylinder (11); the centrifugal separation screen cylinder (11) is connected with a motor, and the electromagnet (12) is connected with pulse direct current and used for controlling magnetism of the electromagnet (12);
a three-way valve (2) is connected to the waste gas pipeline (1), one channel of the three-way valve (2) is called an upper air inlet pipeline (3) and is connected with an air inlet of a screen disc (6), and the other channel is called a lower air inlet pipeline (4) and is connected with a lower port of a conical structure in the turbulent bed adsorber (5), so that the lower air inlet pipeline (4) can upwards enter a vertical pipeline (29); the lower port of the conical structure of the turbulent bed adsorber (5) is connected with an adsorbent pool (10) through an adsorbent drain pipe (9) by a valve, and the adsorbent pool (10) is communicated with one side of a liquid separation channel (13) by overflow; a conveyor belt (15) is arranged below the outer side of the arc-shaped barrier plate of the liquid separation channel (13) and is connected with a solid spraying device (17), a solid spraying outlet of the solid spraying device extends into the upper part in the regeneration tower (16), the upper end of the regeneration tower (16) is connected with a gas inlet of a condenser (21) by adopting a gas return pipe (19) through a cooler (20), and a gas outlet of the condenser (21) is connected with an exhaust pipe (22); the bottom of the regeneration tower (16) is connected with a steam pipeline (18) which can spray steam into the regeneration tower (16) so that the steam and sprayed solid powder or particles are in countercurrent connection; the steam pipeline (18) is connected with the reboiler (24), steam is provided by heating of the reboiler (24), and a condensate outlet of the condenser (21) is connected with the reboiler (24) by adopting a condensate pipe (23); the lower solid outlet of the regeneration tower (16) is connected with the turbulent bed adsorber (5) by a recovery pipe (27) through a pump (25), and the bottom of the liquid separation channel (13) is connected with the recovery pipe (27) at the front end of the pump (25) by a drainage pipeline (14).
A water supplementing pipeline (28) is arranged on a recovery pipe (27) positioned behind the pump (25).
The magnetic solid particle adsorbent in the suspension is of a net-shaped porous polymer particle structure and has magnetism; the liquid in the suspension is an amine solution; when the magnetic solid particle adsorbent is suspended and rolled in an amine solution, the surface of the magnetic solid particle adsorbent is fully covered with amine groups or substances for capturing carbon dioxide. The adsorbent has a high specific surface area, so that the adsorbent has a strong adsorption effect. The adsorbent is in particulate form so that it can be fluidized as well as regenerated.
The amine is selected from one or more of primary amine, secondary amine, tertiary amine, aromatic amine or cyclic amine. Primary, secondary or tertiary amines are currently preferred. Suitable amines are MEA (ethanolamine), DEA (diethanolamine), AMP (stearamide), MDEA (methyldiethanolamine).
The particles have superparamagnetism. The superparamagnetic particles may be fluidised and concentrated for regeneration by a magnetic separator. The method facilitates concentration and separation of the particles.
According to the specific embodiment, the solid adsorbent is concentrated by solid-liquid separation before regeneration, and the particles are fluidized after concentration, so that the heating energy consumption in the regeneration process is reduced, and the energy is saved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of an apparatus for removing carbon dioxide from exhaust gas and stripping tower treatment of the adsorbent to regeneration by superparamagnetic carbon dioxide adsorbent particles. In the figure: an exhaust gas pipe (1); three-way valve (2), turbulent bed adsorber (5), sieve tray (6), waste gas outlet (7), defroster (8), adsorbent fluid-discharge tube (9), adsorbent pond (10), centrifugal separation screen drum (11), magnetic separator (12), divide liquid groove way (13), drainage pipe (14), conveyer belt (15), regeneration tower (16), solid sprinkler (17), steam pipe (18), muffler (19), cooler (20), condenser (21), blast pipe (22), condensate pipe (23), reboiler (24), pump (25), arc barrier (26), recovery tube (27), make-up water pipeline (28), vertical pipeline (29).
Detailed Description
The present utility model will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and technical schemes, but is not limited to the following examples.
Example 1
The structural schematic diagram is shown in fig. 1.
An apparatus for removing carbon dioxide from exhaust gas using a superparamagnetic carbon dioxide adsorbent particle. Exhaust gas enters through the exhaust gas duct 1. The exhaust gas entering through the exhaust gas conduit 1 is split in the three-way valve 2 and enters the turbulent adsorber 5 in the upper inlet conduit 3 and the lower inlet conduit 4. The turbulent bed adsorber 5 is filled with a carbon dioxide adsorbent. The exhaust gases introduced in the upper inlet duct 3 enter the sieve tray 6. The gas rises from bottom to top through the vertical duct 29, which ensures circulation of the adsorbent particles and thorough mixing of the adsorbent particles with the exhaust gas. The actual design of the turbulent bed adsorber will depend on the carbon dioxide capture specifications. The suspension of carbon dioxide-capturing particles is contacted with a carbon dioxide-containing exhaust gas. The reaction between the exhaust gas and the above-mentioned liquid suspension of particles is carried out in a turbulent adsorber, in which a large number of bubbles are produced. When the exhaust gas after carbon dioxide absorption escapes from the adsorber, it is released to the surrounding environment through the exhaust gas outlet 7, and a mist eliminator 8 is provided at the exhaust gas outlet 7 to prevent water mist from escaping from the apparatus together with the exhaust gas. Optionally, a cleaning device is required to ensure that no chemicals are discharged. The suspension of adsorbent particles is discharged through an adsorbent discharge pipe 9 and into an adsorbent tank 10. The suspension overflows from a low wall at one side of the adsorbent pool 10 and flows through a gap between the centrifugal separation screen drum 11 and the side of the liquid separation channel 13; an electromagnet 12 with a cambered surface is arranged on the surface of the centrifugal separation screen cylinder 11, so that superparamagnetic particles are stuck to the electromagnet when the centrifugal separation screen cylinder rotates, and liquid enters the recovery pipe 27 from the liquid separation channel 13 by gravity.
The arc of the arc surface of the electromagnet 12 is set to be only 1/3 of the circumference of the centrifugal separation screen cylinder. The pulsed direct current connected to the electromagnet 12 cooperates with the centrifugal separation screen cylinder so that superparamagnetic particles that are attracted by the electromagnet 12 when it rotates over the arc-shaped shield 26 will fall off the cylinder side walls and be collected by the conveyor belt.
These superparamagnetic particles are then introduced into a regeneration tower 16 (e.g. a spray tower), the particles are sprayed into the regeneration tower 16 by a solid spraying device 17, and the steam entering the bottom of the regeneration tower through a steam pipe 18 is reboiled by upward flow, at which time carbon dioxide is released from the adsorbent particles. The released carbon dioxide and steam are collected by the collecting pipe 19, and then the mixture of carbon dioxide and steam is cooled by entering the cooler 20, and is separated into carbon dioxide gas and liquid water in the condenser 21. Carbon dioxide is extracted in the flash tank through a collection pipe and then further processed before entering the plant outlet. Water is fed in condensate line 23 to reboiler 24 where it is heated to produce steam which is passed through steam line 18 to the regeneration column. The recovered particles are extracted from the particle recovery pipe 27 at the bottom of the regeneration tower, mixed with the amine liquid in the drain pipe 14, and then pumped out by the pump 25, and re-enter the turbulent bed adsorber 5. Water enters the recovery tube 27 by replenishing it through a makeup water line 28 after the pump 25.
In the apparatus shown, the suspension is recovered from the turbulent adsorber by a continuous flow rate, allowing the apparatus to be operated continuously. Batch operation is also possible, but requires multiple adsorbers to operate simultaneously.

Claims (6)

1. The system device for capturing carbon dioxide by the regenerable carbon dioxide adsorbent is characterized by comprising a three-way valve (2), a turbulent bed adsorber (5), an adsorbent pool (10), a centrifugal separation screen drum (11), a magnetic separator (12) and a regeneration tower (16);
the turbulent bed adsorber (5) is of a conical cavity structure with a cover, the upper port is large, the lower port is small, the upper port is provided with the cover, the upper port is provided with a screen disc (6), the screen disc (6) is a gas channel formed by two plates which are horizontally arranged up and down, the periphery of the gas channel is sealed outside a gas inlet, and a plurality of uniformly distributed air holes are formed in the upper plate and the lower plate corresponding to the gas channel and serve as gas outlets; a large hole is arranged in the center of the screen disc (6), and a vertical pipeline (29) which extends downwards is matched in the large hole; an exhaust gas outlet (7) is arranged on the cover of the upper port of the turbulent bed adsorber (5), and the exhaust gas outlet (7) is provided with a demister (8); the conical structure is internally provided with a suspension containing the solid adsorbent, and the suspension floods the screen tray (6); a gap is formed between the side surface of the gas channel of the screen disc (6) and the inner side surface of the conical structure, the lower port of the vertical pipeline (29) is directly opposite to the lower port of the conical structure, and the lower port of the vertical pipeline (29) is suspended and is provided with a gap with the lower port of the conical structure; the conical cavity is internally provided with a suspension containing magnetic solid particle adsorbent;
the main body of the liquid separation channel (13) is a cuboid channel, the channel opening is provided with an axial horizontal centrifugal separation screen cylinder (11), a section of magnetic separator (12) with an arc-shaped section is fixed on the surface of the centrifugal separation screen cylinder (11), the length direction of the magnetic separator (12) is consistent with and parallel to the axial length of the liquid separation channel (13), and the arc-shaped magnetic separator (12) can rotate along with the centrifugal separation screen cylinder (11); an upward arc-shaped barrier plate (26) is arranged at one side of the channel opening of the liquid separation channel (13), and the arc-shaped barrier plate (26) is positioned on the outer side surface of the centrifugal separation screen cylinder (11) and is parallel to the outer side surface of the centrifugal separation screen cylinder (11); the centrifugal separation screen cylinder (11) is connected with a motor, and the magnetic separator (12) is connected with pulse direct current and is used for controlling the magnetism of the magnetic separator (12);
a three-way valve (2) is connected to the waste gas pipeline (1), one channel of the three-way valve (2) is called an upper air inlet pipeline (3) and is connected with an air inlet of a screen disc (6), and the other channel is called a lower air inlet pipeline (4) and is connected with a lower port of a conical structure in the turbulent bed adsorber (5), so that the lower air inlet pipeline (4) can upwards enter a vertical pipeline (29); the lower port of the conical structure of the turbulent bed adsorber (5) is connected with an adsorbent pool (10) through an adsorbent drain pipe (9) by a valve, and the adsorbent pool (10) is communicated with one side of a liquid separation channel (13) by overflow; a conveyor belt (15) is arranged below the outer side of the arc-shaped barrier plate of the liquid separation channel (13) and is connected with a solid spraying device (17), a solid spraying outlet of the solid spraying device extends into the upper part in the regeneration tower (16), the upper end of the regeneration tower (16) is connected with a gas inlet of a condenser (21) by adopting a gas return pipe (19) through a cooler (20), and a gas outlet of the condenser (21) is connected with an exhaust pipe (22); the bottom of the regeneration tower (16) is connected with a steam pipeline (18) which can spray steam into the regeneration tower (16) so that the steam and sprayed solid powder or particles are in countercurrent connection; the steam pipeline (18) is connected with the reboiler (24), steam is provided by heating of the reboiler (24), and a condensate outlet of the condenser (21) is connected with the reboiler (24) by adopting a condensate pipe (23); the lower solid outlet of the regeneration tower (16) is connected with the turbulent bed adsorber (5) by a recovery pipe (27) through a pump (25), and the bottom of the liquid separation channel (13) is connected with the recovery pipe (27) at the front end of the pump (25) by a drainage pipeline (14).
2. A system for capturing carbon dioxide by means of a regenerable carbon dioxide adsorbent according to claim 1, characterized in that a make-up water line (28) is provided in the recovery pipe (27) after the pump (25).
3. A system for capturing carbon dioxide by a regenerable carbon dioxide adsorbent as claimed in claim 1, wherein the magnetic solid particulate adsorbent in suspension is of reticulated porous polymeric particle structure and is magnetic.
4. A system for capturing carbon dioxide with a regenerable carbon dioxide adsorbent as recited in claim 1, wherein the liquid in suspension is an amine solution; when the magnetic solid particle adsorbent is suspended and rolled in an amine solution, the surface of the magnetic solid particle adsorbent is fully covered with amine groups or substances for capturing carbon dioxide.
5. A system for capturing carbon dioxide using a regenerable carbon dioxide adsorbent as recited in claim 4, wherein said amine is selected from one or more of primary amine, secondary amine, tertiary amine, aromatic amine or cyclic amine.
6. A system for capturing carbon dioxide with a regenerable carbon dioxide adsorbent as recited in claim 1, wherein said magnetic solid particulate adsorbent has superparamagnetism.
CN202320321946.2U 2023-02-24 2023-02-24 System device for capturing carbon dioxide by renewable carbon dioxide adsorbent Active CN220090943U (en)

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CN202320321946.2U CN220090943U (en) 2023-02-24 2023-02-24 System device for capturing carbon dioxide by renewable carbon dioxide adsorbent

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202320321946.2U CN220090943U (en) 2023-02-24 2023-02-24 System device for capturing carbon dioxide by renewable carbon dioxide adsorbent

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