CN220066091U - Ultra-wideband glass antenna, window glass and vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to an ultra-wideband glass antenna, window glass and vehicle, the ultra-wideband glass antenna includes: a radiating element, an outer conductive loop, and a feed port. The radiating element is for attachment to a surface of a glass carrier. The outer conductive rings are arranged circumferentially around the radiating element and spaced apart from each other, the outer conductive rings being adapted to be connected to the surface of the glass carrier. The feed port is provided with an inner conductor and an outer conductor coaxially arranged with the inner conductor, the inner conductor is electrically connected with the radiating unit, and the outer conductor is electrically connected with the outer conducting ring. Therefore, the surface wave can be bound between the outer periphery of the inner conductive ring and the inner periphery of the outer conductive ring, so that the horizontal omnidirectional radiation performance of the antenna is improved, the influence of the surface wave on a radiation pattern is reduced, and the horizontal omnidirectional coverage of the antenna is realized. In addition, because the ultra-wideband glass antenna is arranged on the glass carrier, namely, is arranged at a position far away from the ground, the influence of the metal of the vehicle body on the antenna performance is reduced, and the multipath interference caused by ground reflection is reduced.

Description

Ultra-wideband glass antenna, window glass and vehicle

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to an ultra-wideband glass antenna, window glass and a vehicle.

Background

With the rapid development of wireless communication, the requirements of people on communication quality are increasing. As vehicles are used daily by people, the requirements for antennas are higher in order to obtain better transmission efficiency and signal transmission quality, and therefore, the requirements for vehicle antenna systems with higher design performance and better signal quality are also put forward.

Ultra Wideband (UWB) is a carrierless communication technology that utilizes non-sinusoidal narrow pulses on the order of nanoseconds to microseconds to output data. So that it occupies a wide spectrum. The federal communications commission in the united states specifies ultra-wideband technology as: the bandwidth of more than 500MHz is occupied in the frequency band of 3.1GHz-10.6GHz, or the ratio of absolute bandwidth to center frequency is more than 20 percent.

Compared with the traditional narrow-band system, the ultra-wideband system has the advantages of high precision, high communication speed, high safety, good anti-multipath effect and low system complexity. The ultra-wideband can realize the positioning precision of 10cm under a complex environment. The method is particularly suitable for positioning and high-speed wireless access in indoor dense multipath places.

The ultra-wideband glass antenna in the related art is single in general form, limited in antenna variety and commonly has the problem of poor directivity. In particular, for example, monopole antennas are used, where the radiation direction changes significantly over a wide frequency range.

Disclosure of Invention

Based on this, it is necessary to overcome the drawbacks of the prior art and to provide an ultra-wideband glass antenna, a window glass and a vehicle, which enable a horizontal omni-directional coverage of the antenna.

An ultra-wideband glass antenna, the ultra-wideband glass antenna comprising:

a radiating element for attachment to a surface of a glass carrier;

an outer conductive ring disposed circumferentially around the radiating element and spaced apart from each other, the outer conductive ring being for connection to a surface of the glass carrier, the radiating element having a contour shape that matches a contour shape of the outer conductive ring; and

the feed port is provided with an inner conductor and an outer conductor which is coaxially arranged with the inner conductor, the inner conductor is electrically connected with the radiation unit, and the outer conductor is electrically connected with the outer conductive ring.

In one embodiment, the outer conductive ring is a closed ring or an unsealed ring.

In one embodiment, the outer conductive ring is annular, rectangular ring-shaped, triangular ring-shaped or pentagonal ring-shaped.

In one embodiment, the radiation unit is used for receiving and/or transmitting electromagnetic wave signals in the frequency band of 6GHz-7.5 GHz.

In one embodiment, the radiating unit is further provided with a conductive branch, and the conductive branch is electrically connected with the inner conductor; the conductive branch is located in an area formed by encircling the outer conductive ring.

A glazing comprising a glass carrier and the ultra-wideband glass antenna attached to the glass carrier.

In one embodiment, the glass carrier is a front windshield, a rear windshield, a sunroof, a quarter window, a left windshield, or a right windshield.

In one embodiment, the ultra-wideband glass antenna is provided as one or more; the ultra-wideband glass antenna is disposed in a black edge region of the glass carrier.

In one embodiment, the glass antenna is fixed on the glass carrier by at least one of printing, coating, 3D printing and pasting.

A vehicle, the vehicle comprises the window glass and a vehicle body, and the window glass is connected with the vehicle body.

When the ultra-wideband glass antenna is connected to the surface of the glass carrier, the feed port is used for connecting the antenna with a feeder line harness in the working process, so that signal input and output are realized; the inner ring converts the energy transmitted by the feeder line harness to the antenna into electromagnetic waves radiated to the space or converts electromagnetic waves received by the antenna from the space into energy on the feeder line; most electromagnetic waves are radiated into free space to form effective radiation after the excitation of the inner ring, part of the electromagnetic waves can generate surface waves due to the high dielectric constant characteristic of the glass carrier, and the surface waves can be bound between the outer periphery of the inner conductive ring and the inner periphery of the outer conductive ring due to the fact that the outer conductive ring is arranged around the outer periphery of the radiating unit, so that the horizontal omnidirectional radiation performance of the antenna is improved, the influence of the surface waves on a radiation pattern is reduced, and the horizontal omnidirectional coverage of the antenna is realized. In addition, because the ultra-wideband glass antenna is arranged on the glass carrier, namely, is arranged at a position far away from the ground, the influence of the metal of the vehicle body on the antenna performance is reduced, and the multipath interference caused by ground reflection is reduced.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural view of a window glass according to an embodiment of the present utility model.

Fig. 2 is a structural view of a window glass according to another embodiment of the present utility model.

Fig. 3 is a structural view of a window glass according to still another embodiment of the present utility model.

Fig. 4 is a structural view of a window glass according to still another embodiment of the present utility model.

Fig. 5 is a simulation diagram of the return loss of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present utility model.

Fig. 6 is a 3D radiation pattern at a frequency of 6.0GHz according to an embodiment of the utility model.

Fig. 7 is a 3D radiation pattern at a frequency of 6.5GHz in accordance with an embodiment of the utility model.

Fig. 8 is a 3D radiation pattern at a frequency of 7.0GHz in accordance with an embodiment of the utility model.

Fig. 9 is a 3D radiation pattern at a frequency of 7.5GHz in accordance with an embodiment of the utility model.

Fig. 10 is a horizontal gain diagram of an embodiment of the present utility model.

Fig. 11 is a layout of an ultra-wideband glass antenna on a vehicle in accordance with an embodiment of the present utility model.

Fig. 12 is a layout of an ultra-wideband glass antenna on a vehicle in accordance with another embodiment of the present utility model.

Fig. 13 is a layout of an ultra-wideband glass antenna on a vehicle in accordance with yet another embodiment of the present utility model.

Fig. 14 is a layout of an ultra-wideband glass antenna on a vehicle in accordance with yet another embodiment of the present utility model.

10. An ultra wideband glass antenna; 11. a radiation unit; 12. an outer conductive ring; 13. a feed port; 131. an inner conductor; 132. an outer conductor; 14. conducting branches; 20. a glass carrier; 21. a front windshield; 22. a rear windshield; 23. a skylight; 24. corner window; 25. a left windshield; 26. a right windshield; 30. a vehicle body.

Detailed Description

In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the utility model will be readily understood, a more particular description of the utility model will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present utility model. The present utility model may be embodied in many other forms than described herein and similarly modified by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the utility model, whereby the utility model is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 shows a structure diagram of a window glass according to an embodiment of the present utility model, and an ultra-wideband glass antenna 10 according to an embodiment of the present utility model is provided, where the ultra-wideband glass antenna 10 includes: a radiating element 11, an outer conductive loop 12 and a feed port 13. The radiation unit 11 is for attachment to the surface of the glass carrier 20. The outer conductive rings 12 are arranged circumferentially around the radiating element 11 and spaced apart from each other, the outer conductive rings 12 being adapted to be attached to the surface of the glass carrier 20. The feed port 13 is provided with an inner conductor 131 and an outer conductor 132 coaxially provided with the inner conductor 131. The inner conductor 131 is electrically connected to the radiating unit 11, and the outer conductor 132 is electrically connected to the outer conductive ring 12.

The ultra-wideband glass antenna 10 is characterized in that when being connected to the surface of the glass carrier 20, the feed port 13 is used for connecting the antenna with a feeder line harness (not shown in the figure) in the working process, so as to realize signal input and output; the inner ring converts the energy transmitted by the feeder line harness to the antenna into electromagnetic waves radiated to the space or converts electromagnetic waves received by the antenna from the space into energy on the feeder line; most of electromagnetic waves generated by the excitation of the inner ring are radiated into free space to form effective radiation, part of the electromagnetic waves generate surface waves due to the high dielectric constant characteristic of the glass carrier 20, and the surface waves can be bound between the outer periphery of the inner conductive ring and the inner periphery of the outer conductive ring 12 due to the fact that the outer conductive ring 12 is wound around the outer periphery of the radiating unit 11, so that the horizontal omnidirectional radiation performance of the antenna is improved, the influence of the surface waves on a radiation pattern is reduced, and the horizontal omnidirectional coverage of the antenna is realized. In addition, since the ultra-wideband glass antenna 10 is disposed on the glass carrier 20, i.e., disposed at a position away from the ground, not only is the influence of the metal of the vehicle body 30 on the antenna performance reduced, but also multipath interference caused by ground reflection is reduced.

Referring to any one of fig. 1 to 4, the difference between fig. 1 to 4 is the shape of the outer conductive ring 12. In one embodiment, the outer conductive ring 12 is a closed ring. In this way, the surface wave can be bound between the outer periphery of the inner conductive ring and the inner periphery of the outer conductive ring 12, so that the horizontal omnidirectional radiation performance of the antenna is improved, the influence of the surface wave on the radiation pattern is reduced, and the horizontal omnidirectional coverage of the antenna is realized.

Of course, as some alternative embodiments, the outer conductive ring 12 may be provided as a non-closed ring.

Note that, the closed ring refers to that any point in the outer conductive ring 12 is selected as a starting point, and the movement along the outer conductive ring 12 from the starting point can return to the starting point. In contrast, for an unsealed loop, the start cannot be returned.

It should be noted that the specific shapes of the closed ring and the non-closed ring can be set into various regular shapes and irregular shapes, and the specific shapes can be flexibly adjusted and set according to actual requirements.

In addition, through simulation data summarization, the working frequency of the ultra-wideband glass antenna 10 can be covered by channel5, namely 6.2396GHz-6.7396 GHz.

Referring to fig. 5, fig. 5 shows a simulation diagram of return loss of an antenna according to an embodiment of the utility model. As can be seen from fig. 5, the antenna has S11 < -10dB in the frequency band of 3.1GHz-10.6GHz, and has the minimum value of S11 near 6GHz, thereby meeting the bandwidth requirement of channel5 (6.2396 GHz-6.7396 GHz).

Referring to fig. 6-9, fig. 6-9 show 3D radiation patterns at frequencies of 6.0GHz, 6.5GHz, 7.0GHz, and 7.5GHz, respectively, it can be concluded that the radiation patterns of the antenna remain substantially uniform in the 6GHz-7.5GHz operating band.

Referring to fig. 10, fig. 10 shows a horizontal gain diagram of an embodiment of the present utility model, where antenna gain variation can be controlled to 6dB in the horizontal plane with frequencies=6 GHz, 6.5GHz, 7.0GHz, 7.5GHz, theta=90 degrees; the antenna level gain variation in the channel5 band can be controlled to be 4dB.

Referring to fig. 1 to 4, in one embodiment, the outer conductive ring 12 is circular (as shown in fig. 1), rectangular annular (as shown in fig. 2), triangular annular (as shown in fig. 3), or pentagonal annular (as shown in fig. 4).

Referring to any one of fig. 1 to 4, in one embodiment, the outline shape of the radiating element 11 is adapted to the outline shape of the outer conductive ring 12. In this way, a compact structural arrangement is enabled, with a reduced footprint on the glass carrier 20. In addition, the gaps between the respective positions of the outline of the radiation unit 11 and the respective positions of the outline of the outer conductive ring 12 are controlled within a preset range, so that the performance of the ultra-wideband glass antenna 10 can be ensured to be stable and reliable.

Alternatively, referring to fig. 1, when the outer conductive ring 12 is in a circular shape, the radiating unit 11 is correspondingly in a circular shape; referring to fig. 2, when the outer conductive ring 12 is rectangular and annular, the radiating unit 11 is rectangular correspondingly; referring to fig. 3, when the outer conductive ring 12 is in a triangular ring shape, the radiating unit 11 is correspondingly triangular; referring to fig. 4, when the outer conductive ring 12 has a pentagonal ring shape, the radiating unit 11 has a pentagon shape.

Referring to fig. 1, in one embodiment, the radiating element 11 is further provided with conductive branches 14. The conductive branch 14 is electrically connected to the inner conductor 131. The conductive branch 14 is located in the area surrounded by the outer conductive ring 12. In this way, the conductive branch 14 can perform an impedance matching function, thereby improving the antenna index.

The layout scheme in the related art, the antenna is not combined with the glass carrier 20, but laid out on, for example, front and rear bumpers for vehicle exterior communication; for example, at the armrests for in-vehicle communication. Wherein, the layout is easily affected by the sheet metal of the car body 30 when the front and rear bumpers are arranged, and meanwhile, the layout is also easily affected by multipath interference of ground reflected waves due to the fact that the layout is close to the ground. The antenna arranged in the handrail in the vehicle is subjected to blind supplement because the antenna outside the vehicle cannot be covered.

In one embodiment, the outer conductive ring 12 and the radiating element 11 are silver paste layers printed on the surface of the glass carrier 20, or metal layers plated on the surface of the glass carrier 20, or conductive layers adhered on the surface of the glass carrier 20.

Referring to fig. 1, in one embodiment, a vehicle glazing includes a glass carrier 20 and an ultra-wideband glass antenna 10 coupled to the glass carrier 20.

In the working process of the vehicle window glass, the feed port 13 is used for connecting the antenna with a feeder line harness to realize signal input and output; the inner ring converts the energy transmitted by the feeder line harness to the antenna into electromagnetic waves radiated to the space or converts electromagnetic waves received by the antenna from the space into energy on the feeder line; most of electromagnetic waves generated by the excitation of the inner ring are radiated into free space to form effective radiation, part of the electromagnetic waves generate surface waves due to the high dielectric constant characteristic of the glass carrier 20, and the surface waves can be bound between the outer periphery of the inner conductive ring and the inner periphery of the outer conductive ring 12 due to the fact that the outer conductive ring 12 is wound around the outer periphery of the radiating unit 11, so that the horizontal omnidirectional radiation performance of the antenna is improved, the influence of the surface waves on a radiation pattern is reduced, and the horizontal omnidirectional coverage of the antenna is realized. In addition, since the ultra-wideband glass antenna 10 is disposed on the glass carrier 20, i.e., disposed at a position away from the ground, not only is the influence of the metal of the vehicle body 30 on the antenna performance reduced, but also multipath interference caused by ground reflection is reduced.

In one embodiment, the antenna is directly formed on the vehicle-mounted glass, and the influence of the glass carrier 20, the metal plate and the vehicle body 30 on the directivity and gain performance of the antenna is comprehensively considered in design, so that the data difference between the design stage and the actual vehicle testing stage is reduced.

Referring to fig. 11-14, fig. 11-14 show the layout of the ultra-wideband glass antenna 10 on a vehicle in four different embodiments, respectively. In one embodiment, the glass carrier 20 includes, but is not limited to, a front windshield 21, a rear windshield 22, a sunroof 23, a quarter window 24, a left windshield 25, or a right windshield 26.

In one embodiment, the ultra-wideband glass antenna 10 is provided in one or more.

In one embodiment, the ultra-wideband glass antenna 10 is disposed, for example, in a black-sided region of the glass carrier 20, such that the field of view is not occupied. Of course, it may be disposed at any position on the glass carrier 20 according to actual needs, and is not limited herein.

In one embodiment, referring to fig. 11, the ultra-wideband glass antenna 10 is, for example, four, and is disposed on four corner windows 24 of the vehicle body 30.

In another embodiment, referring to fig. 12, the ultra-wideband glass antenna 10 is for example four, two of which are disposed on the front windshield 21 and two of which are disposed on the rear windshield 22.

In yet another embodiment, referring to fig. 13, the ultra-wideband glass antenna 10 is, for example, four, and four ultra-wideband glass antennas 10 are respectively disposed on the sunroof 23, specifically, for example, at four corners of the sunroof 23.

In yet another embodiment, referring to fig. 14, the ultra-wideband glass antenna 10 is for example four, two of which are respectively disposed on the front windshield 21 and the rear windshield 22, and the other two of which are respectively disposed on the left windshield 25 near the B pillar and the right windshield 26 near the B pillar.

In one embodiment, the glass antenna is affixed to the glass carrier 20 in at least one of the ways including, but not limited to, printing, plating, 3D printing, and pasting.

For the glass which is adhered to the automobile in a bracket or glue-beating mode, the electromagnetic wave can be excited to generate surface waves during surface transmission because the glass is made of a material with high dielectric constant (dielectric constant is approximately equal to 7.1), and the radiation pattern is further influenced.

In one embodiment, a vehicle includes the glazing of any of the embodiments described above, and further includes a body 30, with the glazing being coupled to the body 30.

In the working process of the vehicle, the feed port 13 is used for connecting the antenna with a feeder line harness to realize signal input and output; the inner ring converts the energy transmitted by the feeder line harness to the antenna into electromagnetic waves radiated to the space or converts electromagnetic waves received by the antenna from the space into energy on the feeder line; most of electromagnetic waves generated by the excitation of the inner ring are radiated into free space to form effective radiation, part of the electromagnetic waves generate surface waves due to the high dielectric constant characteristic of the glass carrier 20, and the surface waves can be bound between the outer periphery of the inner conductive ring and the inner periphery of the outer conductive ring 12 due to the fact that the outer conductive ring 12 is wound around the outer periphery of the radiating unit 11, so that the horizontal omnidirectional radiation performance of the antenna is improved, the influence of the surface waves on a radiation pattern is reduced, and the horizontal omnidirectional coverage of the antenna is realized. In addition, since the ultra-wideband glass antenna 10 is disposed on the glass carrier 20, i.e., disposed at a position away from the ground, not only is the influence of the metal of the vehicle body 30 on the antenna performance reduced, but also multipath interference caused by ground reflection is reduced.

It should be noted that, the "conductive branch 14" may be a part of the radiating unit 11, that is, the "conductive branch 14" and the "other part of the radiating unit 11" are integrally formed; or a separate component which is separable from the other part of the radiating element 11, i.e. "conductive branch 14" can be manufactured separately and then combined with the other part of the radiating element 11 into a whole.

In the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that, if any, these terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., are used herein with respect to the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, these terms refer to the orientation or positional relationship for convenience of description and simplicity of description only, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the utility model.

Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, if any, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present utility model, the terms "plurality" and "a plurality" if any, mean at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless specifically defined otherwise.

In the present utility model, unless explicitly stated and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly. For example, the two parts can be fixedly connected, detachably connected or integrated; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly, through intermediaries, or both, may be in communication with each other or in interaction with each other, unless expressly defined otherwise. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.

In the present utility model, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the meaning of a first feature being "on" or "off" a second feature, and the like, is that the first and second features are either in direct contact or in indirect contact through an intervening medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "over" and "on" a second feature may be a first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is level higher than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature may be the first feature being directly under or obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is less level than the second feature.

It will be understood that if an element is referred to as being "fixed" or "disposed" on another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. If an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and the like as used herein, if any, are for descriptive purposes only and do not represent a unique embodiment.

The technical features of the above embodiments may be arbitrarily combined, and all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are not described for brevity of description, however, as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features, they should be considered as the scope of the description.

The above examples illustrate only a few embodiments of the utility model, which are described in detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the claims. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the utility model, which are all within the scope of the utility model. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present utility model is to be determined by the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. An ultra-wideband glass antenna, characterized in that it comprises:

a radiating element for attachment to a surface of a glass carrier;

an outer conductive ring disposed circumferentially around the radiating element and spaced apart from each other, the outer conductive ring being for connection to a surface of the glass carrier, the radiating element having a contour shape that matches a contour shape of the outer conductive ring; and

the feed port is provided with an inner conductor and an outer conductor which is coaxially arranged with the inner conductor, the inner conductor is electrically connected with the radiation unit, and the outer conductor is electrically connected with the outer conductive ring.

2. The ultra-wideband glass antenna of claim 1, wherein the outer conductive loop is a closed loop or an unsealed loop.

3. The ultra-wideband glass antenna of claim 1, wherein the outer conductive loop is annular, rectangular annular, triangular annular, or pentagonal annular.

4. The ultra-wideband glass antenna according to claim 1, wherein the radiating element is configured to receive and/or transmit electromagnetic wave signals in the 6GHz-7.5GHz frequency band.

5. The ultra-wideband glass antenna of any one of claims 1-4, wherein the radiating element is further provided with a conductive stub, the conductive stub being electrically connected to the inner conductor; the conductive branch is located in an area formed by encircling the outer conductive ring.

6. A glazing comprising a glass carrier and the ultra-wideband glass antenna of any of claims 1 to 5 attached to the glass carrier.

7. The vehicle glazing of claim 6, wherein the glass carrier is a front windshield, a rear windshield, a sunroof, a quarter window, a left windshield, or a right windshield.

8. The vehicle glazing of claim 6, wherein the ultra-wideband glass antenna is provided in one or more; the ultra-wideband glass antenna is disposed in a black edge region of the glass carrier.

9. The vehicle glazing of claim 6, wherein the glass antenna is affixed to the glass carrier by at least one of printing, plating, 3D printing, and pasting.

10. A vehicle comprising a glazing as claimed in any one of claims 6 to 9, and a vehicle body, the glazing being connected to the vehicle body.