CN220039508U - Double-parameter optical fiber sensor based on multimode and conical fluorine-doped lead sulfide optical fiber cascade connection - Google Patents
Double-parameter optical fiber sensor based on multimode and conical fluorine-doped lead sulfide optical fiber cascade connection Download PDFInfo
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- CN220039508U CN220039508U CN202320881570.0U CN202320881570U CN220039508U CN 220039508 U CN220039508 U CN 220039508U CN 202320881570 U CN202320881570 U CN 202320881570U CN 220039508 U CN220039508 U CN 220039508U
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- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 154
- 229940056932 lead sulfide Drugs 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 229910052981 lead sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims description 2
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- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 abstract description 15
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000007526 fusion splicing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000411 transmission spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010259 detection of temperature stimulus Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The utility model provides a double-parameter optical fiber sensor based on multimode and conical fluorine-doped lead sulfide optical fiber cascade connection, which comprises: an incident optical fiber, a multimode optical fiber, a fluorine-doped lead sulfide optical fiber and an emergent optical fiber; either end of the incident optical fiber is connected with one end of the multimode optical fiber; the other end of the multimode optical fiber is connected with one end of the fluorine-doped lead sulfide optical fiber, and the other end of the fluorine-doped lead sulfide optical fiber is connected with one end of the emergent optical fiber; the middle part of the fluorine-doped lead sulfide optical fiber is in a conical structure. According to the utility model, different cladding modes are excited by the multimode fiber and the conical fluorine-doped lead sulfide fiber respectively so as to form multimode interference and Mach-Zehnder interference, so that a mixed mode interferometer capable of improving resolution is formed, and measurement sensitivity is improved. The sensor has the advantages of high sensitivity, high resolution and simple structure manufacture, and can be applied to industrial production and daily life.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the field of optical fiber sensing, in particular to a double-parameter optical fiber sensor based on multimode and conical fluorine-doped lead sulfide optical fiber cascading.
Background
The optical fiber sensor has the unique advantages of high sensitivity, high integration level, strong electromagnetic interference resistance and the like, and is gradually applied to industrial production and scientific research. The change in the shape of the optical fiber causes splitting and coupling of the internal optical path, and the evanescent field near the tapered optical fiber diffuses light into the surrounding environment, thereby changing the splitting ratio and coupling ratio of the tapered optical fiber. In the research of the optical fiber sensor, the detection of temperature is a very critical problem. People's production, life, all need to control temperature accurately, such as oil, natural gas, food processing, chemistry, biology, etc. The curvature is an important physical parameter, and has important application in the fields of aerospace, health detection of large buildings, flexible robots and the like. There is often a need in engineering projects for simultaneous measurement of physical parameters such as temperature and curvature.
However, the existing optical fiber sensor has some problems, most sensing methods are easily affected by other factors, such as stress, when temperature or curvature measurement is performed, and the resolution of the existing sensing scheme is low, so that the high-precision detection requirement is difficult to meet; traditional sensing measurement is easy to interfere with the outside and the manufacturing method of the sensor is complex.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model provides a double-parameter optical fiber sensor based on multimode and conical fluorine-doped lead sulfide optical fiber cascade connection, which has the characteristics of higher temperature and curvature sensitivity, improved resolution and reduced cross sensitivity.
A double-parameter optical fiber sensor based on cascade connection of multimode and conical fluorine-doped lead sulfide optical fibers comprises an incident optical fiber, a multimode optical fiber, fluorine-doped lead sulfide optical fiber and an emergent optical fiber; one end of the incident optical fiber is connected with one end of the multimode optical fiber; the other end of the multimode optical fiber is connected with one end of the fluorine-doped lead sulfide optical fiber, and the other end of the fluorine-doped lead sulfide optical fiber is connected with one end of the emergent optical fiber; the middle part of the fluorine-doped lead sulfide optical fiber is in a conical structure.
The technical scheme of the utility model is further improved as follows: the fluorine-doped lead sulfide optical fiber comprises a third fiber core and a third cladding, wherein the middle of the third fiber core and the third cladding is of a conical structure, and the conical structure comprises a conical cladding and a conical fiber core.
The technical scheme of the utility model is further improved as follows: the diameter of the conical structure of the fluorine-doped lead sulfide optical fiber gradually decreases from two ends to the middle, and the proportion of the conical cladding and the conical fiber core of the conical structure is consistent with the proportion of the cladding and the fiber core of the non-conical part of the fluorine-doped lead sulfide optical fiber.
The technical scheme of the utility model is further improved as follows: the third fiber core is positioned at the center of the fluorine-doped lead sulfide optical fiber, the material of the third fiber core is fluorine-doped lead sulfide, the diameter of the fiber core of the non-conical part is 8.7 mu m, and the diameter of the non-conical part of the third cladding is 125 mu m.
The technical scheme of the utility model is further improved as follows: the diameter of the conical cladding is 56-58 mu m, the diameter of the conical fiber core is 3.89-4 mu m, and the length of the conical structure is 575-580 mu m.
The technical scheme of the utility model is further improved as follows: the incident optical fiber and the emergent optical fiber are single-mode optical fibers, and the single-mode optical fibers comprise a first fiber core and a first cladding; the diameter of the first fiber core is 8.2 mu m, and the diameter of the first cladding is 125 mu m.
The technical scheme of the utility model is further improved as follows: the multimode optical fiber comprises a second fiber core and a second cladding, wherein the diameter of the second fiber core is 105 mu m, and the second fiber core is positioned in the center of the multimode optical fiber; the diameter of the second cladding is 125 [ mu ] m.
The double-parameter optical fiber sensor based on multimode and conical fluorine-doped lead sulfide optical fiber cascading has the following beneficial effects:
the double-parameter optical fiber sensor based on multimode and conical fluorine-doped lead sulfide optical fiber cascading provided by the utility model is insensitive to stress and can improve resolution when measuring multiple parameters. The sensor mainly utilizes multimode optical fibers and tapered fluorine-doped lead sulfide optical fibers to respectively excite different cladding modes so as to form multimode interference and Mach-Zehnder interference, and further a mixed mode interferometer capable of improving resolution is formed. The sensor has the advantages of high sensitivity, high resolution and simple structure manufacture, and can be applied to industrial production and daily life.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a dual-parameter fiber sensor based on multimode and tapered fluorine-doped lead sulfide fiber cascade connection in accordance with the present utility model;
wherein, 1, an incident optical fiber, 2, a multimode optical fiber, 3, a fluorine-doped lead sulfide optical fiber, 4, an emergent optical fiber, 5, a conical structure, 6, a first fiber core, 7, first cladding, 8, second core, 9, second cladding, 10, third core, 11, third cladding, 12, tapered core, 13, tapered cladding.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present utility model more apparent, the present utility model will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The utility model provides a double-parameter optical fiber sensor based on cascade connection of multimode and conical fluorine-doped lead sulfide optical fibers, which utilizes multimode optical fibers 2 and conical fluorine-doped lead sulfide optical fibers 3 to respectively excite different cladding modes so as to form multimode interference and Mach-Zehnder interference, thereby forming a mixed mode interferometer capable of improving resolution, realizing high-resolution measurement of multiple parameters, improving measurement sensitivity, being insensitive to stress and being capable of well reducing the influence of other factors on measurement results. Experimental results show that the optical fiber sensor has the characteristics of higher temperature and curvature sensitivity, improved resolution and reduced cross sensitivity.
As shown in fig. 1, the dual-parameter optical fiber sensor based on multimode and tapered fluorine-doped lead sulfide optical fiber cascade connection of the utility model comprises:
an incident optical fiber 1, a multimode optical fiber 2, a fluorine-doped lead sulfide optical fiber 3 and an emergent optical fiber 4; either end of the incident optical fiber 1 is connected with one end of the multimode optical fiber 2; the other end of the multimode optical fiber 2 is connected with one end of the fluorine-doped lead sulfide optical fiber 3, and the other end of the fluorine-doped lead sulfide optical fiber 3 is connected with one end of the emergent optical fiber 4; the middle part of the fluorine-doped lead sulfide optical fiber 3 is provided with a conical structure 5.
The incident optical fiber 1 and the outgoing optical fiber 4 may be, but not limited to, single-mode optical fibers, where the incident optical fiber 1 is used for receiving light emitted by a laser, and the outgoing optical fiber 4 is used for transmitting the light processed by the sensor to a spectrometer.
As shown in FIG. 1, the dual-parameter optical fiber sensor based on cascade connection of multimode and tapered fluorine-doped lead sulfide optical fibers is disclosed, wherein the single-mode optical fiber consists of a first fiber core 6 and a first cladding 7, the fiber core of the single-mode optical fiber is positioned at the center of the single-mode optical fiber, the diameter of the first fiber core of the single-mode optical fiber in the embodiment of the utility model is 8.2 mu m, and the diameter of the first cladding 7 of the single-mode optical fiber is 125 mu m.
Specifically, the center of the first core 6 at either end of the incident optical fiber 1 is aligned with the center of the second core 8 at either end of the multimode optical fiber 2 by a fusion splicing device, so as to obtain multimode interference, the fusion splicing device used may be, but not limited to, an optical fiber fusion splicer (FITEL S178), the first core 6 of the incident optical fiber 1 and the second core 8 of the multimode optical fiber 2 are stripped of a certain length and the end surfaces are cut flat, they are placed in the optical fiber fusion splicer (FITELs 178), and an appropriate fusion splicing procedure is selected, and although the inner diameter of the multimode optical fiber 4 differs greatly from the inner diameter of the single-mode optical fiber, the outer diameter of the multimode optical fiber is the same as that of the single-mode optical fiber, so that the single-mode and automatic fusion splicing procedure can be selected for discharge so as to obtain multimode interference.
Similarly, the center of the second core 8 at the other end of the multimode optical fiber 2 is aligned with the center of the third core 10 of the fluorine-doped lead sulfide optical fiber 3 and is subjected to electric discharge fusion.
Similarly, the center of the fiber core at any end of the emergent optical fiber 4 is aligned with the center of the fiber core at any end of the fluorine-doped lead sulfide optical fiber 3, and discharge is performed, so that Mach-Zehnder interference is obtained, and as an alternative implementation mode, the length of the fluorine-doped lead sulfide optical fiber can be set to be 1-2 cm.
The conical structure 5 in the middle of the fluorine-doped lead sulfide optical fiber 3 is obtained by discharging through a special optical fiber fusion splicer, and the specific operation process comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of firstly fixing two ends of fluorine-doped lead sulfide optical fiber 3 on optical fiber clamps at two ends of a special optical fiber fusion splicer, arranging the special optical fiber fusion splicer to discharge the middle part of the fluorine-doped lead sulfide optical fiber, moving the optical fiber clamps at the two ends in opposite directions in the discharge process, and setting a certain moving speed to obtain a conical structure 5 similar to the shape of a lumbar vertebra as shown in figure 1. The tapered structure portion includes a tapered core 12 and a tapered cladding 13, the diameter of the tapered structure 5 gradually decreases from both ends to the middle, and since the entire optical fiber is tapered, both the cladding and the core corresponding to the tapered structure become thinner, and the ratio of the cladding and the core of the tapered structure portion is identical to the ratio of the cladding and the core before tapering. The diameter of a fiber core of the middle part of the conical structure 5 is 3.89-4 mu m, and the diameter of a cladding of the middle part of the conical structure is 56-58 mu m; the length of the conical structure is 575-580 mu m.
The multimode fiber 2 and the conical fluorine-doped lead sulfide fiber 3 are welded to respectively excite different cladding modes to form multimode interference and Mach-Zehnder interference, so that a mixed mode interferometer capable of improving resolution is formed, the interference of stress on experimental results is reduced, and the temperature and curvature sensitivity are improved.
The above-described taper structure 5 makes the transmission paths of light at the same distance different, resulting in an optical path difference. When light is transmitted in the cone region, the light transmitted in the cladding mode is coupled to the core again, interferes with the core mode, and is output through the output single mode fiber.
As shown in fig. 1, the multimode optical fiber is composed of a second fiber core 8 and a second cladding 9, the diameter of the fiber core of the multimode optical fiber 2 is 105 μm, and the fiber core of the multimode optical fiber is positioned in the center of the multimode optical fiber; the diameter of the multimode fiber cladding is 125 mu m. The fluorine-doped lead sulfide optical fiber 3 comprises a third fiber core 10 and a third cladding 11, wherein the middle of the third fiber core 10 and the third cladding 11 is in a conical structure, and the conical structure comprises a conical cladding 13 and a conical fiber core 12. The third fiber core 10 is positioned at the center of the fluorine-doped lead sulfide optical fiber 3, the material of the third fiber core 10 is fluorine-doped lead sulfide, the fiber core refractive index is 1.4658, and the diameter of the fiber core of the non-conical part is 8.7 mu m; the diameter of the non-conical part of the fluorine-doped lead sulfide optical fiber cladding is 125 mu m, the refractive index of the cladding is 1.4563, and the material is quartz.
At present, most sensing methods are easily affected by other factors, such as stress and the like, when temperature or curvature measurement is carried out, and the resolution of the existing sensing scheme is low, so that the high-precision detection requirement is difficult to meet; according to the double-parameter optical fiber sensor based on multimode and tapered fluorine-doped lead sulfide optical fiber cascading, different cladding modes are excited by utilizing the multimode optical fiber and the tapered fluorine-doped lead sulfide optical fiber respectively so as to form multimode interference and Mach-Zehnder interference, so that a mixed mode interferometer capable of improving resolution is formed, and measurement sensitivity is improved.
When a temperature sensing experiment is carried out, a sensor is flatly placed on a glass plate, then the sensor is placed near a temperature sensor in a temperature control box, the temperature of the temperature control box is regulated to be 30-100 ℃, heat preservation is carried out for 10min at every 5 ℃ rise, and data is recorded once after the temperature is stable; when the curvature sensing experiment is carried out, the sensor is firstly released and turned, then the sensor is tightly attached to the saw blade, then the saw blade is fixed on the left displacement platform and the right displacement platform, the distance between the platforms is gradually shortened by adjusting the screw micrometer knob on the platforms, the saw blade is deformed, the experiment is carried out at the room temperature of 25 ℃, and the curvature change range is 0.2m -1 ~1m -1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the When a strain sensing experiment is carried out, two three-dimensional displacement devices are fixed on an optical platform, the two displacement platforms are adjusted to be at the same height and have the same moving direction, then a sensor is fixed on the left displacement platform and the right displacement platform in a straight mode, the distance between the two platforms is gradually increased by adjusting a spiral micrometer on one side of the displacement platform, an optical fiber can be gradually stretched, the spiral micrometer knob is rotated for 1 small scale each time, namely, the stretching length is 0.01mm each time, and the axial strain is gradually increased to 1780.82 mu epsilon from 182.65 mu epsilon.
Theoretical and experimental results show that the curvature change of the sensor is from 0.2108m -1 To 0.6667m -1 At the same time, the drift distances at the wavelengths 1530nm, 1565nm and 1585nm were-3.27 nm, -2.28nm and-3.7 nm, respectively, to give curvature sensitivities of-7.83 nm/m, respectively -1 、-4.62nm/m -1 And-7.67 nm/m -1 The fitting linearity was 0.98684, 0.96595 and 0.9744, respectively, and the drift distances of the transmission spectra were 3.71nm, 3.90nm and 3.10nm, respectively, during the temperature sensing experiment, resulting in temperature sensitivities of 54.78pm/°c, 54.41pm/°c and 43.58pm/°c, respectively. With the gradual increase of the axial strain, the transmission spectrum of the sensor is blue shifted, namely the axial strain is increased, the drift distances are respectively-1.01 nm, -0.86nm and-0.48 nm, the axial stress sensitivity is respectively-0.60 pm/mu epsilon, -0.53 pm/mu epsilon and-0.30 pm/mu epsilon, and the fitting linearity is respectively 0.98482, 0.98839 and 0.99679. Therefore, the sensor has the characteristic of insensitivity to stress, high sensitivity to temperature and curvature measurement, high resolution and simple structural manufacture, and can be applied to industrial production and daily life.
Claims (7)
1. A double-parameter optical fiber sensor based on multimode and conical fluorine-doped lead sulfide optical fiber cascade connection is characterized in that: the optical fiber comprises an incident optical fiber (1), a multimode optical fiber (2), a fluorine-doped lead sulfide optical fiber (3) and an emergent optical fiber (4); one end of the incident optical fiber (1) is connected with one end of the multimode optical fiber (2); the other end of the multimode optical fiber (2) is connected with one end of the fluorine-doped lead sulfide optical fiber (3), and the other end of the fluorine-doped lead sulfide optical fiber (3) is connected with one end of the emergent optical fiber (4); the middle part of the fluorine-doped lead sulfide optical fiber (3) is a conical structure (5).
2. The dual-parameter fiber optic sensor based on multimode and tapered fluorine-doped lead sulfide fiber cascade of claim 1, wherein: the fluorine-doped lead sulfide optical fiber (3) comprises a third fiber core (10) and a third cladding (11), wherein the middle of the third fiber core (10) and the third cladding (11) is of a conical structure, and the conical structure comprises a conical cladding (13) and a conical fiber core (12).
3. The dual-parameter fiber optic sensor based on multimode and tapered fluorine-doped lead sulfide fiber cascade of claim 2, wherein: the diameter of the conical structure (5) of the fluorine-doped lead sulfide optical fiber (3) gradually decreases from two ends to the middle, and the proportion of the conical cladding (13) and the conical fiber core (12) of the conical structure (5) is consistent with the proportion of the cladding and the fiber core of the non-conical part of the fluorine-doped lead sulfide optical fiber (3).
4. The dual-parameter fiber optic sensor based on multimode and tapered fluorine-doped lead sulfide fiber cascade of claim 2, wherein: the third fiber core (10) is positioned at the center of the fluorine-doped lead sulfide optical fiber (3), the fluorine-doped lead sulfide optical fiber is made of fluorine-doped lead sulfide, the refractive index of the fiber core is 1.4658, the diameter of a fiber core of a non-conical part of the third fiber core (10) is 8.7 mu m, the material of the third cladding (11) is quartz, the diameter of a non-conical part of the third cladding (11) is 125 mu m, and the refractive index is 1.4563.
5. A dual-parametric optical fiber sensor based on multimode and tapered fluorine-doped lead sulfide optical fiber cascade as in claim 3, wherein: the diameter of the conical cladding (13) is 56-58 mu m, the diameter of the conical fiber core (12) is 3.89-4 mu m, and the length of the conical structure (5) is 575-580 mu m.
6. The dual-parameter fiber optic sensor based on multimode and tapered fluorine-doped lead sulfide fiber cascade of claim 1, wherein: the incident optical fiber (1) and the emergent optical fiber (4) are single-mode optical fibers, and the single-mode optical fibers comprise a first fiber core (6) and a first cladding (7); the diameter of the first fiber core (6) is 8.2 mu m, and the diameter of the first cladding (7) is 125 mu m.
7. The dual-parameter fiber optic sensor based on multimode and tapered fluorine-doped lead sulfide fiber cascade of claim 1, wherein: the multimode optical fiber (2) comprises a second core (8) and a second cladding (9),
the diameter of the second fiber core (8) is 105 mu m, and the second fiber core (8) is positioned at the center of the multimode optical fiber (2); the diameter of the second cladding layer (9) is 125 mu m.
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