CN220034165U - Rural drinking water treatment water quality filtering and purifying device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a rural drinking water treatment water quality filtering and purifying device, wherein a water inlet pipe is arranged on the side wall of a water inlet layer, and the water inlet layer is provided with a water inlet cavity; two sides of the water inlet cavity are respectively provided with two flow gathering plates; the top of the water inlet cavity is provided with a drain board; the drain board is provided with drain holes; two sewage pipes are arranged in the water inlet layer; a drain hole is arranged on the drain pipe; a guide plate is arranged between the blow-down pipe and the side wall of the deposition bin; the deposition layer is provided with two inclined tube sedimentation devices; the inclined tube fillers of the two inclined tube sedimentation devices are reversely inclined. The utility model has reasonable structural design, and by designing the two flow gathering plates for gathering the water entering the water inlet pipe, and vertically draining the water from the drain hole, the gathering efficiency of the flocculate is effectively improved, and by ensuring the vertical rising of the water flow after gathering, the flocculate is dispersed to the two sides of the water inlet pipe for scattering, the impact of the water entering the water inlet pipe on the flocculate is reduced, and the settling efficiency of the flocculate is effectively improved.

Description

Rural drinking water treatment water quality filtering and purifying device

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the field of drinking water treatment devices, in particular to a rural drinking water treatment water quality filtering and purifying device.

Background

At present, the main method for removing iron and manganese from underground water comprises the following steps: coagulating sedimentation, chemical sedimentation, and the like. The Chinese patent document of the issued notice number CN207056125U discloses an integrated rural small-size water purification device, relates to the technical field of water purification treatment, and an integrated rural small-size water purification device comprises a clarification area and a filtration area, wherein the clarification area comprises an inlet, a water distribution pipe, a sewage disposal system, an inclined pipe sedimentation area and a water outlet tank, the inclined pipe sedimentation area is positioned at the upper end of the clarification area, the inlet, the water distribution pipe and the sewage disposal system are positioned at the lower end of the clarification area, the water outlet tank is positioned at the upper end of the clarification area, and the filtration area comprises a water outlet system and a filtration system, and is characterized in that: the water purifier further comprises a water outlet system and a filtering system, wherein the water outlet system comprises a water outlet first switch valve and a water outlet pipeline, and the filtering system comprises a filtering second switch valve, a filtering pipeline, filtering sand, a collecting system and a water outlet pipe. However, the existing equipment is used, the floccules in the water flow are required to be naturally settled, opposite flushing is formed between the floccules and the entering water flow, the natural settling efficiency of the floccules is low, the working efficiency is low, and after long-time filtering use, the filtering tank is easily blocked by impurities, so that the filtering efficiency is affected.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims to provide a rural drinking water treatment water quality filtering and purifying device which is used for solving the problems that the natural sedimentation working efficiency of equipment flocculating constituent is low, and a filtering tank is easy to be blocked by impurities after long-time filtering use, so that the filtering efficiency is affected.

In order to solve the problems, the utility model provides a rural drinking water treatment water quality filtering and purifying device, wherein a water inlet pipe which is communicated with a water source through a water pump is arranged on a machine body, flocculating agents are added in advance for mixing before water flows enter the water inlet pipe, a sedimentation bin which is used for settling water flow sundries is arranged on the machine body, a filtering bin which is used for filtering water flows is arranged on the machine body, a flow guide pipe which is communicated with the sedimentation bin and the filtering bin is arranged on the machine body, a water inlet layer and a sedimentation layer are sequentially arranged on the sedimentation bin from bottom to top, the water inlet pipe is arranged on the side wall of the water inlet layer, and a water inlet cavity which is communicated with the water inlet pipe is arranged on the water inlet layer; two sides of the water inlet cavity are respectively provided with two flow gathering plates which are obliquely arranged along the upward direction and close to the water inlet pipe; the top of the water inlet cavity is provided with a drain board connected with the tops of the two flow gathering boards; the drain board is provided with drain holes; two sewage pipes which are axially arranged parallel to the water inlet pipe and positioned at two sides of the water inlet cavity are arranged in the water inlet layer; a plurality of groups of sewage discharging holes are arranged on the sewage discharging pipe at intervals; a guide plate which is obliquely arranged along the upward direction away from the drain pipe is arranged between the drain pipe and the side wall of the deposition bin; the deposition layer is provided with two inclined tube sedimentation devices; the inclined tube sedimentation device comprises a support frame fixed on the inner wall of the sedimentation bin and inclined tube fillers obliquely arranged on the support frame; and the inclined tube fillers of the two inclined tube sedimentation devices are reversely arranged in an inclined manner.

The rural drinking water treatment water quality filtering and purifying device provided by the utility model also has the following technical characteristics:

further, a water collecting layer is arranged above the deposition layer; the water collecting layer is provided with a plurality of water collecting grooves which are arranged at intervals and guide water to flow to the guide pipe for gathering; the top of the side wall of the water collecting tank is serrated.

Further, the honeycomb duct is designed into a U-shaped duct consisting of a long vertical section and a short vertical section; the length of the long vertical section is 1.5-2.5 times of that of the short vertical section; the pipe orifice of the short vertical section is connected with a horizontal section.

Further, the filter bin is internally provided with a water accumulation cavity, a filter cavity and a clear water cavity from bottom to top in sequence; the water accumulation cavity is provided with a plurality of overflow pipes which penetrate through the filter cavity and are communicated with the clear water cavity; the filter cavity is internally provided with a water distribution pipe which is communicated with the flow guide pipe and is horizontally arranged, a water cap plate which can be provided with a plurality of sand filter caps, and quartz sand filter materials arranged on the upper layer of the water cap plate; the water distribution pipe is provided with a plurality of water distribution holes which are arranged at intervals; a water outlet for discharging water flow is arranged at the top of the side wall of the clear water cavity; the upper and lower parts of the side wall of the water accumulation cavity are provided with emptying ports.

Further, one end of the flow guide pipe, which is far away from the deposition bin, is provided with a siphon back flushing device; the siphon back flushing device comprises a siphon ascending pipe with an opening at the top and a siphon descending pipe with openings at the upper and lower parts, wherein the siphon descending pipe is vertically fixed in the siphon ascending pipe; the siphon down pipe is communicated with the siphon up pipe through an upper end opening; the lower end of the siphon down pipe stretches into the backwashing trench; an exhaust pipe is arranged in the siphon descending pipe vertically; the lower end of the exhaust pipe is provided with a bent pipe section which is bent towards the horizontal direction and penetrates through the side wall of the siphon down pipe to extend into the backwashing trench; a siphon auxiliary pipe which penetrates through the side wall of the siphon descending pipe and is communicated with the siphon ascending pipe is arranged on the side wall of the upper end of the exhaust pipe; and a siphon breaking pipe with one end extending vertically to the bottom of the clear water cavity is arranged on the side wall of the siphon ascending pipe at the upper part of the upper opening of the siphon descending pipe.

Further, each group of blow-down holes are two through holes which incline downwards and respectively face the flow gathering plate and the flow guiding plate.

The utility model has the following beneficial effects: the utility model has reasonable structural design and simple structure, the two collecting plates for collecting the water inlet of the water inlet pipe are designed to collect the water inlet of the water inlet pipe, and the water is discharged vertically from the water discharge hole, so that the collecting efficiency of the flocculate is effectively improved, the flocculate is dispersed to the two sides of the water inlet pipe to scatter by ensuring the vertical rising after the water flow is collected, the impact of the water inlet pipe on the flocculate is reduced, the settling efficiency of the flocculate is effectively improved, and the blocking and the collecting of the flocculate in the water flow are further ensured and the collecting efficiency of the flocculate is improved by arranging two layers of inclined tube settling devices which are reversely inclined; through the design, the filter chamber with the material distributing device is arranged in the filter bin, so that the uniform dispersion of water flow is effectively ensured, and the uniform filtration of the water flow is ensured by matching with the water cap plate with the water cap of the sand filter tank, so that the full filtration of the water flow is ensured; through design siphon recoil device and filter chamber communicate, the effectual back flush to the filter chamber filter material that has realized guarantees the automatic washing to the filter material, improves the live time of equipment, reduces the maintenance cost of equipment.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a flow chart illustrating the use of an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the portion A of FIG. 2 according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of section B-B of FIG. 2 in accordance with an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 5 is a top view of an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the A-A serpentine section of FIG. 5 according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a structure of a water cap plate according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

in the figure: 1-organism, 11-inlet tube, 2-sedimentation bin, 21-water inlet layer, 22-sedimentation layer, 221-inclined tube sedimentation device, 222-support frame, 223-inclined tube filler, 23-water collecting layer, 231-water collecting tank, 24-water inlet cavity, 25-flow collecting plate, 26-drain plate, 27-drain pipe, 271-drain hole, 28-guide plate, 3-filter bin, 31-water collecting cavity, 311-emptying port, 32-filter cavity, 33-clear water cavity, 331-water outlet, 34-overflow pipe, 4-guide tube, 41-long vertical section, 42-short vertical section, 43-horizontal section, 5-siphon back flushing device, 51-siphon ascending pipe, 52-siphon descending pipe, 53-back flushing trench, 54-air suction pipe, 541-bent pipe, 55-siphon auxiliary pipe, 56-siphon breaking pipe, 61-water distribution pipe, 611-water distribution hole, 62-sand filter, 63-water cap plate, 64-quartz sand filter material.

Detailed Description

The utility model will be described in detail hereinafter with reference to the drawings in conjunction with embodiments. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present utility model and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other.

In one embodiment of the rural drinking water treatment water quality filtering and purifying device of the utility model as shown in fig. 1 to 7, a water inlet pipe 11 communicated with a water source through a water pump is arranged on a machine body 1, flocculating agents are added in advance for mixing before entering the water inlet pipe 11, a sedimentation bin 2 for sedimentation of water impurities is arranged on the machine body 1, a filtering bin 3 for filtering water flow is arranged on the machine body 1, a flow guide pipe 4 for communicating the sedimentation bin 2 with the filtering bin 3 is arranged on the machine body 2, a water inlet layer 21 and a sedimentation layer 22 are sequentially arranged on the sedimentation bin 2 from bottom to top, the water inlet pipe 11 is arranged on the side wall of the water inlet layer 21, and a water inlet cavity 24 communicated with the water inlet pipe 11 is arranged on the water inlet layer 21; two sides of the water inlet cavity 24 are respectively provided with two flow gathering plates 25 which are obliquely arranged along the upward direction and close to the water inlet pipe 11; the top of the water inlet cavity 24 is provided with a drain plate 26 connected with the tops of two flow gathering plates 25; the drain plate 26 is provided with drain holes; two drain pipes 27 which are axially arranged parallel to the water inlet pipe 11 and positioned at two sides of the water inlet cavity 24 are arranged in the water inlet layer 21; the drain pipe 27 is provided with a plurality of groups of drain holes 271 which are arranged at intervals; a deflector 28 which is obliquely arranged along the upward direction away from the drain pipe 27 is arranged between the drain pipe 27 and the side wall of the deposition bin 2; the deposit layer 22 is provided with two tube sedimentation devices 221; the inclined tube sedimentation device 221 comprises a supporting frame 222 fixed on the inner wall of the sedimentation bin 2 and an inclined tube filler 223 obliquely arranged on the supporting frame 222; the tube packings 223 of the two tube settler 221 are arranged obliquely in opposite directions. Through designing two to advance water inlet pipe and advance the collector plate that gathers, advance water inlet pipe and gather, it is vertical to carry out the drainage from the wash port, the effectual collection efficiency that improves the flocculation thing, and through guaranteeing the vertical rising after the gathering of rivers, disperse the flocculation thing to the inlet tube both sides and scatter, reduced the influence of the opposite dash of inlet tube water to the flocculation thing, the effectual settling efficiency who improves the flocculation thing, and through setting up the inclined tube settling device of two-layer reverse slope, further guarantee to block the collection to the flocculation thing in the rivers, the collection efficiency of flocculation thing is improved.

Specifically, a water collecting layer 23 is arranged above the deposition layer 22; the water collecting layer 23 is provided with a plurality of water collecting tanks 231 which are arranged at intervals and guide the water flow to gather in the guide pipe 4; the top of the side wall of the water collecting tank 231 is serrated.

Specifically, the flow guiding pipe 4 is a U-shaped pipe design consisting of a long vertical section 41 and a short vertical section 42; the length of the long vertical section 41 is 1.5-2.5 times of the length of the short vertical section 42; the short vertical section 42 is connected to a horizontal section 43 at its mouth. Through the honeycomb duct of design U-shaped, the rivers that the cooperation overflow got into, the fullness of rivers in the honeycomb duct is convenient for guarantee the steady conveying of rivers.

Specifically, the filter bin 3 is internally provided with a water accumulation cavity 31, a filter cavity 32 and a clear water cavity 33 in sequence from bottom to top; the water accumulation cavity 31 is provided with a plurality of overflow pipes 34 which penetrate through the filter cavity 32 and are communicated with the clean water cavity 33; the filter cavity 32 is internally provided with a water distribution pipe 61 which is communicated with the flow guide pipe 4 and is horizontally arranged, a water cap plate 63 which can be provided with a plurality of sand filter water caps 62, and a quartz sand filter material 64 which is arranged on the upper layer of the water cap plate 63; the water distribution pipe 61 is provided with a plurality of water distribution holes 611 which are arranged at intervals; the top of the side wall of the clean water cavity 33 is provided with a water outlet 331 for discharging water supply flow; the upper and lower parts of the side wall of the water accumulation cavity 31 are provided with emptying ports 311. Through the design set up the filter chamber that has cloth device in filtering the storehouse, the effectual even dispersion to rivers that has guaranteed to the cooperation has the water cap board of sand filter cap, guarantees the even filtration to rivers, guarantees the abundant filtration of rivers.

Specifically, one end of the flow guide pipe 4 far away from the deposition bin 2 is provided with a siphon back flushing device 5; the siphon back flushing device 5 comprises a siphon ascending pipe 51 with an opening at the top and a siphon descending pipe 52 with openings at the upper and lower sides and vertically fixed in the siphon ascending pipe 51; the siphon down pipe 52 communicates with the siphon up pipe 51 through an upper end opening; the lower end of the siphon downcomer 52 extends into the backwash gutter 53; a vertically arranged exhaust pipe 54 is arranged in the siphon down pipe 52; the lower end of the air extraction pipe 54 is provided with a bent pipe section 541 which is bent towards the horizontal direction and penetrates through the side wall of the siphon down pipe 52 to extend into the backwash gutter 53; a siphon auxiliary pipe 55 which penetrates through the side wall of the siphon descending pipe 52 and is communicated with the siphon ascending pipe 51 is arranged on the side wall of the upper end of the air extracting pipe 54; the side wall of the siphon ascending pipe 51 at the upper part of the upper opening of the siphon descending pipe 52 is provided with a siphon breaking pipe 56 with one end extending vertically to the bottom of the clean water cavity 33. Through design siphon recoil device and filter chamber communicate, the effectual back flush to the filter chamber filter material that has realized guarantees the automatic washing to the filter material, improves the live time of equipment, reduces the maintenance cost of equipment.

Specifically, each set of drain holes 271 is two through holes that are inclined downward and respectively face the flow collecting plate 25 and the flow guiding plate 28. Through the through-hole of design orientation flow gathering board and guide plate, be convenient for directly suck the discharge to the flocculation thing of gathering between guide plate and flow gathering board, improve blowdown efficiency.

Working principle: the water pump pumps water flow in the water source, flocculating agent is added in advance before the water flow enters the water inlet pipe 11 for mixing, the water flow enters the water inlet cavity 24 from the water inlet pipe 11, the flocculating agent gathering efficiency in the water flow is improved under the gathering guidance of two inclined gathering plates 25, the water flow is discharged from a water discharging plate 26 at the top to drive the water flow to move upwards, the gathered flocculating agent rises along an inclined path after passing through the inclined tube filler 223 of the first layer, the flocculating agent gathering efficiency in the water flow is further improved, the flocculating agent is dispersed and deposited on two sides of the gathering plates 25, the impact of the water flow on the flocculating agent sedimentation is reduced while the water flow smoothly enters is ensured, the flocculating agent gathering efficiency in the water flow is improved through the pre-gathering of the water flow, and after the flocculating agent is guided through the inclined tube filler 223 of the opposite inclined directions of the two layers, the rising path of water flow is further increased, the flocculating constituent is blocked, the coagulation sedimentation efficiency of the flocculating constituent is improved, the water flow enters the inner cavity of the water collecting tank 231 from the zigzag side wall after being gathered to the water collecting tank 231 at the top, the zigzag side wall is used for quickly and efficiently collecting clear water on the water flow overflow surface, the water flow enters the horizontal section 43 from the guide pipe 4 of the long vertical section 41, enters the horizontal section 43 from the short vertical section 42 and uniformly spreads in the filter cavity 32 through the water distribution pipe 61 communicated with the horizontal section 43, the water flow enters the lower water accumulation cavity 31 from the water cap plate 63 provided with the water cap 62 of the quartz sand filter material 64 after being filtered, the water flow enters the clear water cavity 33 from the overflow pipe 34 for accumulation after being filled in the water accumulation cavity 31, the water flow is discharged from the water outlet 331 for resident use through a pipe network after being disinfected; as the filtration in the filter chamber 32 proceeds, suspended matter and solid particles with particles larger than the particle size of the filter material begin to accumulate on the surface of the filter material, and at the same time, the pressure required for water distribution through the U-shaped draft tube 4 to permeate the filter material increases gradually. When the pressure exceeds the pressure formed by the water column overflowing from the water collecting tank 231 to the surface of the quartz sand filter material 64, the water in the guide pipe 4 is not permeated through the quartz sand filter material 64, the water level can rise into the siphon rising pipe 51, the water level in the siphon rising pipe 51 continuously rises, when the water level reaches the pipe orifice of the siphon auxiliary pipe 55, the water enters the pipe orifice of the siphon auxiliary pipe 55 and falls down, a part of air is carried away by the water flow, the vacuum degree in the siphon auxiliary pipe 55 is increased, the air in the siphon falling pipe 52 is pumped away by the air pumping pipe 54 connected with the siphon auxiliary pipe 55, the vacuum degree of the siphon is increased, the liquid level in the siphon falling pipe 52 continuously rises, the air in the siphon is further accumulated, the air is completely discharged through the air pumping pipe 54, finally, the siphon rising pipe 51 is contacted with the water surface in the siphon falling pipe 52, a continuous siphon effect is formed, the pressure of the upper part in the filter cavity 32 is reduced, the clean water in the lower water accumulating cavity 31 starts to penetrate through the cap plate 63 under the condition that the pressure of the water accumulating cavity 31 is unchanged, the clean water in the lower water accumulating cavity 31 is simultaneously carried out through the filter material 34 and the filter material 34 passes through the lower water filtering pipe 31. After passing through the siphon riser 51, the wastewater generated by back flushing enters the siphon downcomer 52 and is discharged into the back flushing trench 53, the water level in the clean water chamber 33 is continuously reduced along with the back flushing, when the water level is reduced below the pipe orifice of the siphon break pipe 56, the gas enters the siphon break pipe 56, the pipe orifice is communicated with the atmosphere, the vacuum break in the siphon is caused, the back flushing is finished, and the filtration is restarted.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present utility model, and are not limiting; although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present utility model.

Claims (6)

1. Rural drinking water treatment quality of water filters purifier is equipped with inlet tube (11) through water pump intercommunication water source on organism (1), and the rivers get into advance add the flocculating agent before inlet tube (11) and mix, be equipped with on organism (1) to rivers debris deposit storehouse (2) of subsidence, carry out filterable filtration storehouse (3) to rivers, intercommunication deposit storehouse (2) with honeycomb duct (4) of filtration storehouse (3), deposit storehouse (2) are equipped with water inlet layer (21), deposit layer (22) from down upwards in proper order, inlet tube (11) set up on water inlet layer (21) lateral wall, its characterized in that: the water inlet layer (21) is provided with a water inlet cavity (24) communicated with the water inlet pipe (11); two sides of the water inlet cavity (24) are respectively provided with two flow gathering plates (25) which are obliquely arranged along the upward direction and close to the water inlet pipe (11); a drain plate (26) connected with the tops of the two flow gathering plates (25) is arranged at the top of the water inlet cavity (24); a drain hole is arranged on the drain plate (26); two drain pipes (27) which are axially arranged parallel to the water inlet pipe (11) and positioned at two sides of the water inlet cavity (24) are arranged in the water inlet layer (21); a plurality of groups of sewage draining holes (271) are arranged on the sewage draining pipe (27) at intervals; a guide plate (28) which is obliquely arranged along the upward direction away from the drain pipe (27) is arranged between the drain pipe (27) and the side wall of the deposition bin (2); the deposition layer (22) is provided with two inclined tube sedimentation devices (221); the inclined tube sedimentation device (221) comprises a supporting frame (222) fixed on the inner wall of the sedimentation bin (2) and inclined tube fillers (223) obliquely arranged on the supporting frame (222); the tube packings (223) of both tube settler units (221) are arranged obliquely in opposite directions.

2. The rural drinking water treatment water quality filtering and purifying device according to claim 1, wherein: a water collecting layer (23) is arranged above the deposition layer (22); a plurality of water collecting grooves (231) which are arranged at intervals and guide water to flow to the diversion pipe (4) for gathering are arranged on the water collecting layer (23); the top of the side wall of the water collecting tank (231) is serrated.

3. The rural drinking water treatment water quality filtering and purifying device according to claim 1, wherein: the flow guide pipe (4) is a U-shaped pipe design consisting of a long vertical section (41) and a short vertical section (42); the length of the long vertical section (41) is 1.5-2.5 times of the length of the short vertical section (42); the nozzle of the short vertical section (42) is connected with a horizontal section (43).

4. The rural drinking water treatment water quality filtering and purifying device according to claim 1, wherein: a water accumulation cavity (31), a filter cavity (32) and a clear water cavity (33) are sequentially arranged in the filter bin (3) from bottom to top; a plurality of overflow pipes (34) which penetrate through the filter cavity (32) and are communicated with the clear water cavity (33) are arranged on the water accumulation cavity (31); a water distribution pipe (61) which is communicated with the flow guide pipe (4) and is horizontally arranged, a water cap plate (63) which can be provided with a plurality of sand filter water caps (62) and quartz sand filter materials (64) which are arranged on the upper layer of the water cap plate (63) are arranged in the filter cavity (32); the water distribution pipe (61) is provided with a plurality of water distribution holes (611) which are arranged at intervals; a water outlet (331) for supplying water and discharging is arranged at the top of the side wall of the clear water cavity (33); an emptying port (311) opened and closed by an electromagnetic valve is arranged at the lower part of the side wall of the water accumulation cavity (31).

5. The rural drinking water treatment water quality filtering and purifying device according to claim 4, wherein: one end of the guide pipe (4) far away from the deposition bin (2) is provided with a siphon back flushing device (5); the siphon back flushing device (5) comprises a siphon ascending pipe (51) with an opening at the top and a siphon descending pipe (52) which is vertically fixed in the siphon ascending pipe (51) and is provided with openings at the upper part and the lower part; the siphon down pipe (52) is communicated with the siphon up pipe (51) through an upper end opening; the lower end of the siphon down pipe (52) stretches into the backwashing gutter (53); an exhaust pipe (54) which is vertically arranged is arranged in the siphon down pipe (52); a bent pipe section (541) which is bent towards the horizontal direction and penetrates through the side wall of the siphon descending pipe (52) to extend into the backwashing gutter (53) is arranged at the lower end of the air extraction pipe (54); a siphon auxiliary pipe (55) which penetrates through the side wall of the siphon descending pipe (52) and is communicated with the siphon ascending pipe (51) is arranged on the side wall of the upper end of the air extraction pipe (54); the side wall of the siphon ascending pipe (51) positioned at the upper part of the upper opening of the siphon descending pipe (52) is provided with a siphon breaking pipe (56) with one end extending vertically to the bottom of the clear water cavity (33).

6. The rural drinking water treatment water quality filtering and purifying device according to claim 1, wherein: each group of drain holes (271) is provided with two through holes which are inclined downwards and respectively face the flow collecting plate (25) and the flow guiding plate (28).