CN220015138U

CN220015138U - Pumping well pumping unit

Info

Publication number: CN220015138U
Application number: CN202320134089.5U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李桂江
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2023-02-07
Filing date: 2023-02-07
Publication date: 2023-11-14
Anticipated expiration: 2033-02-07

Abstract

The utility model provides a pumping unit of a pumping well, which is provided with a pumping unit and a christmas tree at the wellhead, wherein the pumping unit drives a pumping well polish rod to reciprocate through a rope hanger, and is characterized in that: the oil pumping device is arranged between the christmas tree of the oil pumping well and the oil pipeline, and comprises a reciprocating pump, a rotary pump, an impeller pump, a combined pump formed by two or more reciprocating pumps, a combined pump formed by two or more rotary pumps or a combined pump formed by two or more impeller pumps, wherein the inlet of the oil pumping device is communicated with the outlet of the christmas tree, and the outlet of the oil pumping device is communicated with the oil pipeline. The utility model increases the pumping unit to pump oil on the basis of the deep well pumping well, forms a two-stage pumping well system with the deep well pump and the pumping unit connected in series, effectively reduces the pressure at the well mouth, the lifting of the deep well pump and the load of the pumping unit, improves the pumping efficiency and increases the yield.

Description

Pumping well pumping unit

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of petroleum exploitation, and particularly relates to a pumping device of a pumping well.

Background

The existing pumping well is a deep-well pump single-stage pump for oil extraction, the lifting resistance of the deep-well pump and the energy consumption of the pumping unit are increased due to high wellhead oil pressure, and the pumping efficiency and the oil yield are directly affected. In order to reduce wellhead oil pressure, various processes such as wellhead heating, water mixing and the like are adopted in each oil field, but the effect is very little. Reducing oil pressure not only increases the yield and reduces the energy consumption, but also reduces the carbon emissions due to electricity consumption, which is a urgent problem to be solved.

The pumping well wellhead is provided with devices such as a pumping unit and a christmas tree, which is a pressure reducing device, and the existing device of the pumping well wellhead is utilized to realize the purposes of reducing wellhead oil pressure, reducing energy consumption and increasing yield, so that the problems to be solved are urgent.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model provides a pumping device for a pumping well, which aims to reduce the load of the pumping well, improve the pumping efficiency of the pumping well, increase the yield and reduce the energy consumption. The deep well pump and the pumping unit constitute two-stage pumping structure to reduce oil pressure and power consumption and raise oil yield.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the utility model is realized as follows:

the pumping unit is arranged at the wellhead of the pumping well, the pumping unit drives a pumping well polish rod to reciprocate through a rope hanger to linearly move, the pumping unit is arranged between the pumping well polish rod and an oil pipeline, the pumping unit comprises a reciprocating pump or a rotary pump or an impeller pump or a combined pump formed by two or more reciprocating pumps or a combined pump formed by two or more rotary pumps or a combined pump formed by two or more impeller pumps, an inlet of the pumping unit is communicated with an outlet of the oil pipeline, and an outlet of the pumping unit is communicated with the oil pipeline.

Further, when the oil pumping device comprises a reciprocating pump, the reciprocating pump comprises a pump body and a reciprocating piece which is matched and connected with the pump body in a sliding manner; when the pumping unit is a beam pumping unit, the reciprocating piece is connected with a pumping well polished rod, or connected with a beam pumping unit walking beam, or connected with a crank or a crank connecting rod of the pumping unit; when the pumping unit is of other structures, the reciprocating piece is connected to a pumping well polish rod;

the inlet of the oil pumping device is matched with an inlet check valve, and the outlet of the oil pumping device is matched with an outlet check valve.

Further, when the reciprocating piece is connected to the pumping well polish rod, a polish rod connecting mechanism is arranged on the pumping well polish rod in a sliding manner in the vertical direction below the rope hanger, and the polish rod connecting mechanism bears the downward acting force of the rope hanger;

the reciprocating piece of the reciprocating pump is connected with the polish rod connecting mechanism through a connecting rod mechanism, the reciprocating pump is provided with a reset mechanism, the reset mechanism comprises a mechanical spring or an air spring or a reset reciprocating pump, the reciprocating piece is driven to extend through the reset mechanism,

or the reciprocating piece of the reciprocating pump is directly connected with the polish rod connecting mechanism, the pump body of the oil pumping device is hinged on a wellhead pipeline or a christmas tree, the reciprocating pump is provided with a reset mechanism, the reset mechanism comprises a mechanical spring or an air spring or a reset reciprocating pump, the reciprocating piece is driven to extend out by the reset mechanism,

Further, the oil pumping device comprises a combined pump formed by two or more reciprocating pumps, the reciprocating pumps are provided with reset mechanisms, the reset mechanisms comprise mechanical springs or air springs or reset reciprocating pumps, and the reciprocating parts are driven to extend through the reset mechanisms;

the reciprocating pump inlets forming the combined pump are shared or respectively provided with inlet check valves, and the outlets are shared or respectively provided with outlet check valves;

a polish rod connecting mechanism is arranged on the polish rod of the pumping well in a sliding manner in the vertical direction at the lower position of the rope hanger, and the polish rod connecting mechanism bears the downward acting force of the rope hanger;

the bottom end of the combined pump is connected with a christmas tree or a sleeve flange or a ground foundation, the top end of the combined pump is connected with a polish rod connecting mechanism, and the combined pump is directly driven by a rope hanger;

or the combined pump is arranged beside the Christmas tree and shares a connecting rod mechanism, and is connected with the polish rod connecting mechanism through the connecting rod mechanism.

The bottom end of the combined pump is connected with the Christmas tree or the sleeve flange or the ground foundation, and the top end of the combined pump is connected with the polish rod connecting mechanism, and comprises fixed connection and movable connection.

Further, the connecting rod mechanism comprises a pressing rod and a connecting rod, the pressing rod and a reciprocating piece of the oil pumping device are correspondingly arranged, the front end of the pressing rod is connected with the polished rod connecting mechanism, the rear end of the pressing rod is connected with the top of the connecting rod, and the bottom end of the connecting rod is arranged on an oil pipeline or a wellhead foundation;

The connecting rod is of a fixed length or length adjustable structure;

the compression bar is an insertion structure with fixed length or telescopic length.

Furthermore, the polish rod connecting mechanism is provided with an opening or a semi-closed hole corresponding to the polish rod of the oil pumping well on one side and a semi-closed hole corresponding to the polish rod of the oil pumping well on the other side, or is provided with a semi-closed hole or a semi-closed groove corresponding to the polish rod of the oil pumping well in the middle of the connecting structures on two sides and/or is of a detachable structure, and the front end of the press rod is hinged with the polish rod connecting mechanism, or is fixed on the polish rod connecting mechanism, or is integrated with the polish rod connecting mechanism;

or the polish rod connecting mechanism is a connecting structure with one side arranged to correspond to the detachable structure of the polish rod of the pumping well and the other side arranged, and the press rod is hinged to the polish rod connecting mechanism.

Further, the compression bar and the connecting rod and the compression bar and the reciprocating piece are respectively connected by roller crimping, sliding sleeve sleeving, hinge hinging or sliding block connection _；

The lower part of the connecting rod is installed through a hinge structure or threads or flanges or clamping or welding structures.

Further, when the reciprocating pump adopts a piston pump, a centralizer is arranged between the piston pump and the connecting rod mechanism;

the centering device comprises a centering cylinder and a centering sleeve, wherein the bottom end of the centering sleeve is fixed on the pump body or is integrated with the pump body, the centering cylinder is movably inserted into the centering sleeve or sleeved outside the centering sleeve, the centering cylinder is fixed on the reciprocating piece or is integrated with the reciprocating piece, and a limiting mechanism of a limiting groove-positioning pin is arranged outside the sealing part of the centering cylinder and the centering sleeve.

Further, a jet pump is further arranged between the christmas tree and the oil pipeline, the inlet of the jet pump is communicated with the outlet of the christmas tree, the outlet of the jet pump is directly or communicated with the oil pipeline through a single-flow valve, the outlet of the oil pumping device is communicated with the inlet of the jet pump, the inlet of the oil pumping device is directly or communicated with a negative pressure cavity of the jet pump through a valve, or the inlet of the oil pumping device is directly or communicated with the oil pipeline through a valve.

Further, the load, flow, pressure, acceleration, displacement and temperature detection mechanisms are arranged on the polished rod hanger of the pumping device or the pumping well, and each detection mechanism comprises a sensor, a display, a transmission, a wireless transmitting device and a solar power generation device which correspond to the respective detection functions.

Compared with the prior art, the pumping device for the pumping well has the following advantages:

(1) The utility model increases the pumping unit to pump oil on the basis of the deep well pumping well, forms a two-stage pumping well system with the deep well pump and the pumping unit connected in series, effectively reduces the pressure at the well mouth, the lifting of the deep well pump and the load of the pumping unit, improves the pumping efficiency and increases the yield.

(2) In the utility model, the oil pumping device is connected to the polish rod connecting mechanism of the polish rod of the oil pumping well through the connecting rod mechanism, and the oil pumping device is driven to work in a reciprocating manner by utilizing the descending gravity of the oil pumping unit and the back pressure of the system, so that the power consumption and other energy consumption are not required to be increased, the running state of the oil pumping unit can be stabilized, the oil pressure of a wellhead can be reduced, the pump efficiency can be improved, the output can be increased, and the energy consumption and the carbon emission of the oil pumping unit can be reduced.

(3) In the utility model, a jet pump is also arranged between the christmas tree and the oil pipeline, and the jet pump is connected with the liquid outlet of the christmas tree and the oil pipeline to form a 3-stage series oil extraction system of the deep well pump, the piston pump and the jet pump, thereby achieving the purpose of further reducing the oil pressure of the wellhead.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the utility model and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the utility model and together with the description serve to explain the utility model. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a walking beam driven piston pump according to an embodiment;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a piston pump driven by a crank connecting rod according to an embodiment;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a three-beam-pumping unit rope hanger driving piston pump;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a polish rod connection structure in a fourth embodiment;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a connection structure when the compression bar is a telescopic compression bar in the fourth embodiment;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a connection structure when the compression bar is a length-fixed bar in the fourth embodiment;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a centralizer structure;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing an integrated structure of a polish rod connecting mechanism and a press rod, wherein the press rod is positioned beside a pumping unit, and an opening or semi-closed hole is formed in one side of the polish rod connecting mechanism;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a polish rod connecting mechanism with an opening or semi-closed hole on one side of the middle pressure rod right below the pumping unit in the fifth embodiment;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a polish rod connection mechanism in a sixth embodiment;

FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram showing a polish rod connection mechanism and a press rod connection of which one side is provided with a detachable structure and the other side is positioned beside a pumping unit in the seventh embodiment;

fig. 12 is a schematic diagram showing a polish rod connection mechanism and a press rod connection of which one side is provided with a detachable structure, wherein the press rod is positioned under the pumping unit in the seventh embodiment;

FIG. 13 is a block diagram of a combined pump of an eighth embodiment mounted on a tree directly driven by a rope hanger;

FIG. 14 is a block diagram of a pressure cylinder combination pump driven by a pressure rod on a nine-wellhead pipeline according to an embodiment;

FIG. 15 is a block diagram of a jet pump;

FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of a piston pump suction port connected with a jet pump negative pressure cavity;

FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of a piston pump suction port connection oil delivery pipeline;

FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram of a reset reciprocating pump configuration;

FIG. 19 is a schematic illustration of the communication between the combined pump and the delivery line.

Reference numerals illustrate:

1. a tree; 2. a tree outlet; 3. a walking beam; 5. a piston rod; 6. a hydraulic cylinder; 7. a bracket; 9. a base of the pumping unit; 10. a piston pump inlet; 11. an inlet check valve; 12. an inlet hose; 13. a piston pump outlet; 14. an outlet check valve; 15. a piston pump outlet hose; 16. an oil delivery pipeline; 17. a connecting pipe; 19. a jet pump suction inlet; 20. a jet pump outlet; 21. a jet pump check valve; 22. an inlet of the jet pump; 23. a jet pump negative pressure cavity; 26. a polish rod connecting mechanism; 27. a compression bar; 271. a movable compression bar; 28. a spring; 29. a rope hanger; 30. a polish rod; 33. a connecting rod; 35. a crank connecting rod; 36. a crank; 37. a sealing device; 40. a square clip; 41. a wire rope; 43. the polished rod connecting mechanism fastens a screw; 44. a piston rod roller; 45. a pull rod roller; 46. a centralizer; 47. centralizing sleeve; 48. a limit groove; 49-limiting pins; 50. centralizing the cylinder; 51. a movable polish rod connecting mechanism shaft; 52. a movable polish rod connecting mechanism pressing plate; 53. a pressing plate fastening bolt; 54. the connecting end of the compression bar; 55. a movable polish rod connecting mechanism main body; 56. a tree connection device; 57. a combined pump inlet and outlet; 58. a pressure cylinder pump sealing structure; 59. a combination pump roller; 60. a combination pump base; 61. a barrel pressing pump; 611. a sleeve body; 612-barrel; 62-a piston; 64-reset pump shuttle; 66-resetting the pump cylinder; 67-pressure chamber; 69-resetting the pump inlet.

Detailed Description

It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present utility model and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other.

The pumping well head is provided with a pumping unit and a christmas tree, the pumping unit comprises a beam pumping unit and a beam pumping unit without beam, the beam pumping unit comprises a beam and a crank connecting rod mechanism, the beam pumping unit without beam comprises a chain machine, a belt conveyor and the like, and the beam pumping unit without beam drive the pumping well polish rod to move up and down through a rope hanger. The conventional pumping well outputs power through a deep well pump to drive wellhead liquid to be input into an oil pipeline through a christmas tree. The deep-well pump can complete the lifting of the shaft liquid, meanwhile, the resistance of the back pressure of the oil pipeline is overcome, the lifting power and the energy consumption of the oil pumping unit are increased, and the pumping efficiency of the deep-well pump is reduced.

In order to solve the problem, the oil pumping device is connected in series between the oil pumping well and the oil pipeline, so that the wellhead of the oil pumping well is separated from the oil pipeline, and the oil pumping device is used for relaying the deep well pump to overcome the back pressure resistance of the oil pipeline, so that the lifting resistance of the deep well pump is reduced, the pumping efficiency is improved, and the yield is increased. The output power of the oil pumping device is derived from the oil pumping unit, and a separate driving system is not required to be set for the oil pumping device.

The utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in connection with embodiments.

The pumping device of pumping well is set between the production tree 1 and the oil pipeline 16, and comprises a reciprocating pump, a rotary pump, an impeller pump, a combined pump comprising two or more reciprocating pumps, a combined pump comprising two or more impeller pumps, a piston pump, a plunger pump, a barrel pump, etc., a rotary pump, a Roots pump, a rotor pump, etc., and an impeller pump, a centrifugal pump, an axial flow pump, etc. The inlet of the oil pumping device is directly or through a valve communicated with the outlet 2 of the christmas tree, the outlet of the oil pumping device is directly or through a valve communicated with the oil pipeline 16, an inlet check valve 11 is matched with the inlet of the oil pumping device, and an outlet check valve 14 is matched with the outlet of the oil pumping device. The pumping device and the deep well pump of the pumping well form a two-stage pumping well system connected in series, so that the pressure and energy consumption of a well mouth are effectively reduced, and the yield of the pumping well is improved.

In the utility model, when the oil pumping device comprises a reciprocating pump, the reciprocating pump preferably adopts a piston pump or a cylinder pump or a plunger pump, and comprises a pump body and a reciprocating piece which is matched and slidingly connected with the pump body, wherein the pump body is provided with an inlet and an outlet. For example, for a piston pump, the pump body is a hydraulic cylinder 6, and the reciprocating member is a piston slidably arranged in the hydraulic cylinder and a piston rod 5 arranged on the piston; for the cylinder pressing pump 61, the pump body is a cylinder 612, the reciprocating member is a sleeve 611 axially and slidably connected with the cylinder, and a cylinder pressing pump sealing structure 58 is arranged between the cylinder 612 and the sleeve 611; in the case of a plunger pump, the pump body is a plunger cylinder, and the reciprocating member is a plunger slidably disposed in the pump body and a plunger rod disposed on the plunger. The pump body of the pumping unit is arranged on an oil pipeline or a wellhead foundation, the reciprocating member adopts three connecting modes, wherein one mode is that the reciprocating member is connected with the beam 3 of the pumping unit, the other mode is that the reciprocating member is connected with a crank 36 or a crank connecting rod 35 of the pumping unit, and the third mode is that the reciprocating member is connected with a pumping well polished rod 30.

The present utility model will be described below by taking a reciprocating pump as an example, in which a piston pump and a beam pumping unit are used as beam pumping units.

In the first embodiment, the piston rod 5 of the piston pump is connected with the beam 3 of the pumping unit, and the piston rod 4 is driven to stretch and retract by the beam 3, namely, the action power source of the piston pump is the beam of the pumping unit.

As shown in fig. 1, a hydraulic cylinder 6 of a piston pump is hinged to a base 9 or a bracket 7 of the pumping unit, a piston rod 5 of the hydraulic cylinder is hinged to a beam 3 of the pumping unit, a piston pump inlet 10, an inlet check valve 11 and an inlet hose 12 are arranged on the hydraulic cylinder 6, an outlet check valve 14 and an outlet hose 15 are arranged on a piston pump outlet 13, the inlet hose 12 is communicated with a christmas tree outlet 2 through a connecting pipe 17 and a valve, and the outlet hose 15 is communicated with an oil pipeline 16 to form a piston pump depressurization oil extraction system.

The operation principle is as follows: the walking beam 3 moves upwards to drive the piston rod 5 to move upwards, and the piston pump sucks liquid from the inside of the wellhead into the hydraulic cylinder 6 through the liquid inlet 10, the inlet check valve 11, the inlet hose 12 and the christmas tree liquid outlet 2. The beam 3 of the pumping unit descends to drive the piston rod 5 to descend, the piston pump discharges liquid from the inside of the hydraulic cylinder 6, and the liquid is discharged into the oil pipeline 16 through the liquid discharge port 13, the outlet check valve 14 and the outlet hose 15. The cyclic reciprocating motion is performed in this way, and the work of assisting oil extraction of the oil extraction well and reducing oil pressure is completed.

In the second embodiment, the piston rod of the piston pump is connected with the crank or the crank connecting rod of the pumping unit, and the piston rod is driven to stretch and retract by the crank or the crank connecting rod, namely, the action power source of the piston pump is the crank or the crank connecting rod of the pumping unit.

As shown in fig. 2, the piston rod 5 of the piston pump is connected to the crank link 35 or the crank 36 of the pumping unit, and the connection of the piston rod 5 to the crank link 35 is exemplified. The hydraulic cylinder of the piston pump is hinged with the base or the bracket of the pumping unit, the piston rod is hinged with the crank connecting rod 35, the inlet and the outlet of the piston pump share an opening, a movable sealing connecting pipe is arranged at the inlet and the outlet, for example, the inlet and the outlet are rotationally connected with a three-way structure, a sealing device 37 is arranged between the inlet and the outlet of the piston pump and the three-way structure, the sealing device 37 is in mechanical sealing or sealing ring sealing or packing sealing, one of the other two ports of the three-way structure is an inlet, the other port is an outlet, the inlet is communicated with the outlet of the christmas tree through an inlet check valve 11, and the outlet is communicated with an oil conveying pipeline through an outlet check valve 14. When the crank connecting rod 35 drives the piston rod of the piston pump to extend, oil in the oil well flows into the piston pump for storage through the christmas tree and the inlet check valve 11; when the crank connecting rod 35 drives the piston rod to retract, the oil stored in the piston pump is pressed out and flows into the oil pipeline. The piston rod 5 of the piston pump is driven to reciprocate by the movement of the crank connecting rod 35 of the pumping unit, so that the pumping operation is completed. The mechanism is suitable for a pumping well with low gas production rate and is not suitable for a high-yield gas well.

In the third embodiment, the hydraulic cylinder of the piston pump is fixed on an oil pipeline or a wellhead foundation, a piston rod of the piston pump is connected with a polished rod of an oil pumping well, and a rope hanger on the polished rod is utilized to drive the piston pump to operate. The upper part of the rope hanger 29 of the pumping unit is firmly locked by a square clamp 40, and is pressed on the rope hanger 29 to bear the gravity of a downhole pole.

As shown in fig. 3, the polish rod 30 of the pumping well is provided with a polish rod connection mechanism 26 in a sliding manner in the vertical direction at the lower position of the rope hanger, that is, the polish rod connection mechanism 26 can move up and down relative to the polish rod 30, the polish rod connection mechanism 26 bears the downward acting force of the rope hanger, the piston rod 5 of the piston pump 6 is connected to the polish rod connection mechanism 26 through a connecting rod mechanism, the piston or the piston rod is correspondingly provided with a spring 28, the spring 28 adopts a compression spring structure, and is a power element for driving the piston rod to extend and reset, and is a reset mechanism of the piston pump. The connecting rod mechanism comprises a pressing rod 27 and a connecting rod 33 which are connected, the pressing rod 27 corresponds to a piston rod of the piston pump, the front end of the pressing rod is connected to the polished rod connecting mechanism 26, and the bottom end of the connecting rod 33 is connected to an oil pipeline or a wellhead foundation. When the pumping unit ascends, namely the rope hanger 29 ascends, the piston rod 5 ascends under the action of the spring 28, and the pumping unit (piston pump) pumps liquid by the christmas tree to reduce the wellhead oil pressure; when the pumping unit descends, the lower calendaring rod connecting mechanism 26 of the rope hanger drives the piston rod to descend through the connecting rod mechanism, namely the piston descends, and the pumping unit discharges liquid to finish the work of assisting pumping well oil extraction and reducing oil pressure.

The reciprocating member of the pumping device (in this case, the piston pump structure) may also be directly connected to the polish rod connection mechanism, where the pump body of the pumping device is hinged to the wellhead pipeline or the christmas tree, and the reciprocating member is movably connected to the polish rod connection mechanism, for example, where the pumping device is also provided with a reset mechanism, and drives the reciprocating member to extend through the reset mechanism, where the reset mechanism includes a mechanical spring or an air spring or a reset reciprocating pump. For example, the reset mechanism adopts a spring 28, the spring 28 is arranged on a piston or a piston rod, and the reciprocating member is driven to extend through the spring 28.

The operation principle of the piston pump is as follows: the pumping unit ascends, the rope hanger 29 ascends, the spring 28 pushes the piston rod 5 to drive the compression rod 27 and the polish rod connecting mechanism 26 to ascend, and the piston pump sucks liquid from the christmas tree outlet 2 for storage, so that the auxiliary pumping effect is achieved. When the rope hanger 29 ascends to a certain height, the light rod connecting mechanism 26 reaches the limit position, the ascending is stopped, and the rope hanger 29 continues to ascend and is separated from the light rod connecting mechanism 26. The down-flow rope hanger 29 of the pumping unit reaches the limit position of the polish rod connecting mechanism 26 to drive the polish rod connecting mechanism 26 and the press rod 27 to move down, the press rod drives the piston rod 5 to move down, downward pressure is generated on the piston inside the piston pump, liquid is discharged outwards, at the moment, the inlet check valve 11 is closed, and the liquid stored in the piston pump is pressed into the oil conveying pipeline 16 through the outlet check valve 14, so that one-time oil pumping is completed. The piston pump is used for realizing the auxiliary pumping and depressurization function.

On the basis of the fourth embodiment, the polish rod connecting mechanism adopts a structure that one side is provided with a closed hole, that is, the polish rod connecting mechanism 26 is provided with a through hole for the polish rod to pass through, the polish rod connecting mechanism 26 is movably arranged on the polish rod 30 of the pumping well through the through hole, as shown in fig. 4, at this time, the polish rod 30 can move relatively to the polish rod in the vertical direction, but the polish rod connecting mechanism 26 cannot move transversely relatively, and the press rod 27 is hinged on the connecting structure of the polish rod connecting mechanism 26.

The compression bar 27 may be a length fixing bar or a telescopic compression bar, and the compression bar and the connection thereof of the two structures will now be described respectively:

when the compression bar adopts a telescopic compression bar structure: the front end of the pressure lever 27 is movably inserted with a movable pressure lever 271 to form a telescopic pressure lever structure, as shown in fig. 5, hinge structures are adopted between the pressure lever 27 and the piston rod 5 and between the pressure lever 27 and the connecting rod 33, the bottom end of the connecting rod 33 is hinged to an oil delivery pipeline or a wellhead foundation, and a hydraulic cylinder of a piston pump is fixedly connected to an oil pumping well bracket or the wellhead foundation or the oil delivery pipeline.

When the compression bar adopts a length fixing bar structure: the connection relation between the compression bar and the piston rod, between the compression bar and the connecting rod can also adopt roller compression joint or sliding sleeve sleeving or hinge hinging or sliding block connection, and the roller compression joint is taken as an example at present:

As shown in fig. 6, the hydraulic cylinder 6 of the piston pump is mounted on a foundation or a support or an oil pipeline, the front end of the pressure rod 27 is hinged with the polish rod connecting mechanism 26, the bottom end of the connecting rod 33 is fixedly connected with the oil pipeline 16 or the hydraulic cylinder or a connecting pipeline part or a wellhead foundation in a threaded or flange or clamping or welding manner, and roller crimping is adopted between the pressure rod 27 and the piston rod 5 and between the pressure rod 27 and the connecting rod 33. For convenience of explanation, the roller corresponding to the link 33 will be referred to as a link roller 45, and the roller corresponding to the piston rod will be referred to as a piston rod roller 44. In the preferred structure, the connecting rod roller 45 is arranged at the top of the connecting rod 33, and a through groove for the pressing rod 27 to penetrate is arranged between the top of the connecting rod 33 and the connecting rod roller 45, and the height of the through groove is enough to enable the pressing rod to swing up and down in the through groove. The piston rod roller 44 is arranged at the top of the piston rod 5, the top of the piston rod roller 44 is abutted to the compression bar 27, compression joint between the compression bar 27 and the piston rod roller 44 is achieved, the tail of the compression bar 27 is penetrated out through a through groove between the connecting rod roller 45 and the connecting rod 33, and the tail of the compression bar 27 is tightly pressed by the pull rod roller 45. In order to prevent the pressing bar 27 from deflecting left and right, the pressing bar can only move in a vertical plane, and the pressing bar is embedded in a wheel groove of the roller. In this embodiment, a single-side roller structure is adopted, that is, the connecting rod roller 45 and the piston rod roller 44 are disposed on a single side of the compression bar, and a structure in which rollers are disposed at the upper end and the lower end of the compression bar may also be adopted.

The centering device 46 is arranged at the top of the piston rod, the piston rod roller 44 is arranged at the upper part of the centering device 46, the reset mechanism is preferably a spring 28, the centering device is shown in fig. 7 and comprises a centering cylinder 50 and a centering sleeve 47 which are arranged outside the piston rod 5 and the spring 28, the piston rod roller 44 is arranged at the top of the centering cylinder 50, the bottom end of the centering sleeve 47 is fixed on the hydraulic cylinder 6 or the centering sleeve 47 and the hydraulic cylinder are integrally formed, the centering cylinder 50 is movably inserted into the centering sleeve 48 by the upper end of the centering sleeve 48, the piston rod roller 44 is arranged at the top of the centering cylinder 50, the piston rod is inserted into the centering cylinder 50 and is fixed on the centering cylinder, or the centering cylinder is arranged at the upper part of the piston or is integrally arranged with the piston, and the spring 28 is sleeved on the piston rod. The preferred structure is that a limiting plate is arranged inside the righting cylinder 44, and the piston rod 5 extends into the righting cylinder and is connected with the limiting plate. The centering sleeve 48 and the centering cylinder 50 are provided with a limiting mechanism, the limiting mechanism comprises a limiting groove 48 which is respectively formed in the left side surface and the right side surface of the centering sleeve 48 in the vertical direction, two limiting pins 49 which are respectively corresponding to the limiting groove 48 are radially arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the centering cylinder 50, and the limiting pins 49 are movably inserted into the limiting grooves 48. The limiting mechanism can also be a limiting sliding block or a limiting collar structure arranged on the upper part of the centralizing sleeve.

In the fifth embodiment, on the basis of the third embodiment, the polish rod connection mechanism 26 adopts a structure that one side of the polish rod connection mechanism is provided with an opening or a semi-closed hole, and the other side of the polish rod connection mechanism is of a closed structure, the polish rod 30 of the pumping well penetrates out from the opening or the semi-closed hole, at this time, the polish rod connection mechanism 26 and the polish rod 33 are in sliding connection, and the polish rod connection mechanism 26 can move up and down relative to the polish rod on one hand and can also move transversely along the opening direction. For example, the polish rod connecting mechanism 26 adopts a U-shaped block structure, a U-shaped opening is formed in the front side surface of the polish rod connecting mechanism 26, as shown in fig. 8 and 9, the polish rod connecting mechanism 26 is installed on the polish rod 30 of the pumping well in a penetrating manner through the U-shaped opening and is located below the rope hanger 29, the top surface of the polish rod connecting mechanism is abutted to the rope hanger 29, at the moment, the polish rod connecting mechanism and the polish rod 30 form an open connecting structure, the polish rod connecting mechanism 26 can move up and down and also can move transversely along the opening direction of the polish rod connecting mechanism 26, and the motion of the polish rod connecting mechanism 26 is only limited by the downward motion of the rope hanger 29 and is not limited by the polish rod 30 transversely.

The front end of the pressing rod 27 is fixed on one side of the polish rod connecting mechanism 26, which is away from the U-shaped opening, and the pressing rod 27 is fixedly connected to the polish rod connecting mechanism 26 or the pressing rod 27 and the polish rod connecting mechanism 26 are integrally formed. When the pressure lever 27 is located at a position right below the pumping unit, as in the position of the pressure lever in fig. 3, the pressure lever 27 is perpendicular to the plane defined by the two steel wires 41 on the rope hanger 29, and the positional relationship between the pressure lever 27, the rope hanger 29 and the two steel wires 41 is as shown in fig. 9 (the pressure lever position is not visible in this view). The concrete installation structure of the compression bar is shown in fig. 3, the rear end of the compression bar 27 is hinged to the top end of the connecting rod 33, the connecting rod 33 is hinged to an oil pipeline or a wellhead foundation, the top of the piston rod 5 is hinged to the compression bar 27, the hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the oil pipeline or the wellhead foundation, the hinge point of the compression bar and the piston rod is positioned between two end parts of the compression bar, the spring 28 is sleeved outside the piston rod 5, or the spring 28 can be arranged below the piston inside the hydraulic cylinder to provide power for the upward movement of the piston. When the pressure lever 27 is arranged beside the pumping unit, for example, the pressure lever 27 is arranged perpendicular to the beam of the pumping unit, the planes defined by the two steel wires 41 on the pressure lever 27 and the rope hanger 29 are parallel, and the positions of the pressure lever 27, the rope hanger 29 and the two steel wires 41 are as shown in fig. 8.

Or the side surface of the polish rod connecting mechanism 26 is vertically grooved or obliquely grooved to be communicated with the through hole, the polish rod connecting mechanism 26 is inserted and sleeved outside the polish rod 30,

in the sixth embodiment, on the basis of the third embodiment, the polish rod connection mechanism 26 adopts a structure that two sides are provided with a half-closed hole or a half-closed slot and/or a detachable structure in the middle of the connection structure, so that the polish rod connection mechanism 26 can be conveniently detached and maintained, as shown in fig. 10. The polish rod connecting mechanism 26 comprises a movable polish rod connecting mechanism shaft 51, a movable polish rod connecting mechanism pressing plate 52, a pressing plate fastening bolt 53, a movable polish rod connecting mechanism main body 55 and a pressing rod connecting end 54 arranged at the front end of the pressing rod, wherein the pressing rod connecting end 54 is of a U-shaped block structure, the movable polish rod connecting mechanism main body 55 is arranged in a U-shaped opening of the pressing rod connecting end 54 and is rotationally connected to the pressing rod connecting end 54 through the movable polish rod connecting mechanism shaft 51, the movable polish rod connecting mechanism pressing plate 52 is arranged on the outer side face of the movable polish rod connecting mechanism main body 55 through the pressing plate fastening bolt 53, two grooves are formed in the opposite direction of the movable polish rod connecting mechanism main body 55 and the movable polish rod connecting mechanism pressing plate 52, and the two grooves enclose to form a through hole structure for the polish rod 30 of the pumping well to penetrate out of the through hole.

The pressure lever is hinged to the movable polish rod connecting mechanism main body 55 through a pressure lever connecting end 54, and the pressure lever can adopt a length fixing lever and telescopic lever structure, and the pressure lever and the connection of the two structures are described respectively.

When the compression bar adopts a telescopic compression bar structure: the front end of the pressure rod 27 is movably inserted with a movable pressure rod 271 to form a telescopic pressure rod structure, the pressure rod connecting end 54 is arranged at the front end of the movable pressure rod 271, the connecting structure between the pressure rod and the piston rod, and between the pressure rod and the connecting rod is shown in fig. 5, at this time, the hinge structure is adopted between the pressure rod 27 and the piston rod 5, and between the pressure rod 27 and the connecting rod 33, the bottom end of the connecting rod 33 is hinged on an oil pipeline or a wellhead foundation, and a hydraulic cylinder of a piston pump is fixedly connected on an oil pumping well bracket, or the wellhead foundation or the oil pipeline.

When the compression bar adopts a length fixing bar structure: the connection relation between the compression bar and the piston rod, between the compression bar and the connecting rod can also be respectively connected by adopting roller compression joint or sliding sleeve joint or hinge joint or sliding block connection, and the roller compression joint is taken as an example at present:

as shown in the rolling structure between the pressure lever and the piston rod and the rolling structure between the pressure lever and the connecting rod in FIG. 6, the hydraulic cylinder 6 of the piston pump is arranged on a foundation or a bracket or an oil pipeline, the front end of the pressure lever 27 is hinged with the polish rod connecting mechanism 26, the bottom end of the connecting rod 33 is fixedly connected with the oil pipeline 16 or the hydraulic cylinder or a connecting pipeline component or a wellhead foundation in a threaded or flange or clamping or welding mode, and roller crimping is respectively adopted between the pressure lever 27 and the piston rod 5 and between the pressure lever 27 and the connecting rod 33. For convenience of explanation, the roller corresponding to the link 33 will be referred to as a link roller 45, and the roller corresponding to the piston rod will be referred to as a piston rod roller 44. In the preferred structure, the connecting rod roller 45 is arranged at the top of the connecting rod 33, and a through groove for the pressing rod 27 to penetrate is arranged between the top of the connecting rod 33 and the connecting rod roller 45, and the height of the through groove is enough to enable the pressing rod to swing up and down in the through groove. The piston rod roller 44 is arranged at the top of the piston rod 5, the top of the piston rod roller 44 is abutted against the compression bar 27 under the action of a spring to realize compression joint of the compression bar 27 and the piston rod roller 44, the tail of the compression bar 27 is penetrated out by a through groove between the connecting rod roller 45 and the connecting rod 33, and the tail of the compression bar 27 is tightly pressed by the pull rod roller 45. In order to prevent the pressing bar 27 from deflecting left and right, the pressing bar can only move in a vertical plane, and the pressing bar is embedded in a wheel groove of the roller. In this embodiment, a single-side roller structure is adopted, that is, the connecting rod roller 45 and the piston rod roller 44 are disposed on a single side of the compression bar, and a structure in which rollers are disposed at the upper end and the lower end of the compression bar may also be adopted.

The centering device 46 is arranged at the top of the piston rod, the piston rod roller 44 is arranged at the upper part of the centering device 46, the centering device is shown in fig. 7 and comprises a centering cylinder 50 and a centering sleeve 47 which are arranged outside the piston rod 5 and the spring 28, the piston rod roller 44 is arranged at the top of the centering cylinder 50, the bottom end of the centering sleeve 47 is fixed on the hydraulic cylinder 6 or is integrally formed with the hydraulic cylinder, the centering cylinder 50 is movably inserted into the centering sleeve 48 by the upper end of the centering sleeve 48, the piston rod roller 44 is arranged at the top of the centering cylinder 50, the piston rod is inserted into the centering cylinder 50 and is fixed on the centering cylinder, or the centering cylinder is arranged at the upper part of the piston or is integrally formed with the piston, and the spring 28 is sleeved on the piston rod. The preferred structure is that a limiting plate is arranged inside the righting cylinder 44, and the piston rod 5 extends into the righting cylinder and is connected with the limiting plate. The centering sleeve 48 and the centering cylinder 50 are provided with a limiting mechanism, the limiting mechanism comprises a limiting groove 48 which is respectively formed in the left side surface and the right side surface of the centering sleeve 48 in the vertical direction, two limiting pins 49 which are respectively corresponding to the limiting groove 48 are radially arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the centering cylinder 50, and the limiting pins 49 are movably inserted into the limiting grooves 48. The limiting mechanism can also be a limiting sliding block or a limiting collar structure arranged on the upper part of the centralizing sleeve.

In the seventh embodiment, on the basis of the third embodiment, the polish rod connecting mechanism 26 adopts a structure that one side is set to be detachable, and the other side is provided with a connecting structure, as shown in fig. 11 and 12, one side of the polish rod connecting mechanism 26 is vertically provided with a through groove, the polish rod 30 is penetrated out of the through groove, the polish rod 30 is limited in the through groove by the fastening screw 43 of the polish rod connecting mechanism, the polish rod connecting mechanism 26 is prevented from being separated from the polish rod 30, and the press rod is hinged on the connecting structure on the other side of the polish rod connecting mechanism 26. When the plunger 27 is located directly below the pumping unit, the plunger 27 is perpendicular to the plane defined by the two wires 41 on the hanger 29, as shown in fig. 12 (this directional view cannot show the plunger). When the pressure bar 27 is located beside the pumping unit, for example, when the pressure bar and the floating beam are vertically arranged, the planes defined by the pressure bar and the two wire ropes 41 are parallel, as shown in fig. 11.

When the compression bar is hinged with the polish rod connecting mechanism 26, the compression bar adopts a length fixing bar structure, and can also adopt a telescopic compression bar structure.

When the compression bar adopts a telescopic compression bar structure: the front end of the pressure lever 27 is movably inserted with a movable pressure lever 271 to form a telescopic pressure lever structure, the pressure lever structure is shown in fig. 5, a hinge structure is adopted between the pressure lever 27 and the piston rod 5 and between the pressure lever 27 and the connecting rod 33, the bottom end of the connecting rod 33 is hinged to an oil delivery pipeline or a wellhead foundation, and a hydraulic cylinder of a piston pump is fixedly connected to an oil pumping well bracket, or the wellhead foundation or the oil delivery pipeline.

the roller press-connection structure is shown in fig. 6, the hydraulic cylinder 6 of the piston pump is arranged on a foundation or a bracket or an oil pipeline, the front end of the pressure rod 27 is hinged with the polish rod connecting mechanism 26, the bottom end of the connecting rod 33 is fixedly connected with the oil pipeline 16 or the hydraulic cylinder or a connecting pipeline part or a wellhead foundation in a threaded or flange or clamping or welding mode, and roller press-connection is respectively adopted between the pressure rod 27 and the piston rod 5 and between the pressure rod 27 and the connecting rod 33. For convenience of explanation, the roller corresponding to the link 33 will be referred to as a link roller 45, and the roller corresponding to the piston rod will be referred to as a piston rod roller 44. In the preferred structure, the connecting rod roller 45 is arranged at the top of the connecting rod 33, and a through groove for the pressing rod 27 to penetrate is arranged between the top of the connecting rod 33 and the connecting rod roller 45, and the height of the through groove is enough to enable the pressing rod to swing up and down in the through groove. The piston rod roller 44 is arranged at the top of the piston rod 5, the top of the piston rod roller 44 is abutted against the compression bar 27 under the action of a spring to realize compression joint of the compression bar 27 and the piston rod roller 44, the tail of the compression bar 27 is penetrated out by a through groove between the connecting rod roller 45 and the connecting rod 33, and the tail of the compression bar 27 is tightly pressed by the pull rod roller 45. In order to prevent the pressing bar 27 from deflecting left and right, the pressing bar can only move in a vertical plane, and the pressing bar is embedded in a wheel groove of the roller. In this embodiment, a single-side roller structure is adopted, that is, the connecting rod roller 45 and the piston rod roller 44 are disposed on a single side of the compression bar, and a structure in which rollers are disposed at the upper end and the lower end of the compression bar may also be adopted.

In the third embodiment, the link 3 may also be provided in a length-adjustable structure. The length of the connecting rod 3 is manually adjusted according to the requirement, and the height of the rope hanger is not fixed, so that the height of the polish rod connecting mechanism is determined by adjusting the length of the connecting rod, and the aim of matching with the rope hanger is fulfilled.

The connection and operation principle of the piston pump are described by seven embodiments, and the connection structure and principle are also applicable to other reciprocating pump structures. When the oil pumping device is a barrel pump, the spring 28 is arranged in the barrel 612, and the top of the spring is abutted against the sleeve 611. When the reciprocating pump adopts a barrel pump or a plunger pump, the centralizer structure may be omitted. In the utility model, besides the single pump operation in the first to seventh embodiments, the oil pumping device can also adopt a combined pump structure, and the oil sucking and pressure reducing effects of the oil well can be completed through the combined pump.

In the eighth embodiment, the pumping unit is a combined pump structure of a pressure cylinder directly driven by a rope hanger and installed on a christmas tree, as shown in fig. 13, the combined pump of the pressure cylinder at least comprises two pressure cylinder pumps 61 connected in parallel, for the pressure cylinder pumps 61, a spring 28 is adopted as a reset mechanism, the spring 28 is arranged inside, the top of the spring is abutted against the top plate of a sleeve body 611, the bottom end of the combined pump of the pressure cylinder is provided with a combined pump base 60, the combined pump base 60 is installed on the christmas tree through a christmas tree connecting device 56, the top end of the combined pump is connected with a polish rod connecting mechanism 26, and the combined pump is directly driven by the rope hanger, and the driving principle is the same as that of the embodiment. In the eighth embodiment, the pump body of the pressure cylinder pump forming the pressure cylinder combination pump may be hinged to the christmas tree, the sleeve flange or the ground foundation, the reciprocating member of the pump body is hinged to the polish rod connection mechanism 26, and the pressure cylinder combination pump is directly driven by the rope hanger. The inlet check valve is arranged in common or respectively at all inlets of the combined pump, namely the inlets of all pressure tube pumps, and the outlet check valve is arranged in common or respectively at all outlets of the combined pump, namely the outlets of all pressure tube pumps. The inlet and outlet 57 of the pressure cylinder pump are respectively connected between the inlet check valve and the outlet check valve or between the inlet check valve and the outlet check valve through a pipeline, for example, the inlet 57 and the outlet 57 of each pressure cylinder pump share an opening, the inlet 57 and the outlet 57 of the pressure cylinder pump can be communicated with the christmas tree outlet and the oil pipeline by adopting the same structure as the embodiment, that is, the inlet 57 and the outlet 57 of the pressure cylinder pump are connected with a tee structure and then are communicated with the christmas tree outlet and the oil pipeline through the tee structure, meanwhile, the inlet check valve is arranged between the inlet of the pressure cylinder pump and the christmas tree outlet, and the outlet check valve is arranged between the outlet of the pressure cylinder pump and the oil pipeline.

Embodiment nine, the pumping unit is a pressure cylinder combined pump structure installed on a wellhead pipeline and driven by a pressure rod, as shown in fig. 14, and the fourth difference is that: the pressure cylinder combined pump is mounted on the wellhead pipeline through a combined pump base 60 arranged at the bottom end. The sleeve body of each pressure cylinder pump in the pressure cylinder combination pump is connected with a connecting piece, the connecting piece is connected with a polish rod connecting mechanism 26 on a polish rod 30 of the pumping well through a connecting rod mechanism, namely the pressure cylinder combination pumps share one connecting rod mechanism and share one polish rod connecting mechanism 26.

In this embodiment, the pressure cylinder pump inlet and outlet 57 forming the pressure cylinder combination pump preferably shares an opening, and the pressure cylinder pump inlet and outlet 57 is connected between the inlet check valve 11 and the outlet check valve 14, as shown in fig. 19, so as to realize pumping oil from the christmas tree to the pressure cylinder pump, and output oil in the pressure cylinder pump to the oil delivery pipeline 16, thereby completing the work of assisting oil pumping of the pumping well and reducing the oil pressure.

In the ninth embodiment, the length of the compression bar in the link mechanism is fixed, the polish rod 30 passes through the through hole provided in the polish rod connection mechanism 26, the connection piece is provided with the combined pump roller 59, the top of the combined pump roller 59 abuts against the compression bar under the action of the spring 28, the compression bar is embedded in the wheel groove of the combined pump roller 59, and meanwhile, the compression bar and the link 33 are also in compression joint by adopting the roller, and the operation principle is the same as that of the compression bar with the fixed length, the piston rod and the link in the third embodiment, and the description is omitted.

In the third to the ninth embodiments, the beam pumping unit is taken as an example, the connection relationship between the pumping unit and the pumping well polish rod is described, and when pumping units with other structures, such as chain pumping units or belt pumping units, the reciprocating member of the pumping unit can still be connected to the pumping well polish rod in the third to the ninth embodiments by adopting the structure relationship, and the pumping unit is driven to pump oil from the christmas tree by the downward pressure of the rope hanger so as to reduce the wellhead pressure.

The above nine embodiments are all described by taking the reset mechanism as a compression spring, namely, the spring 28 as an example, in the utility model, the reset mechanism can also adopt a tension spring, an air spring or a reset reciprocating pump which is arranged on a pump body, is linked with the reciprocating piece and provides power for the extension and reset of the reciprocating piece, and the reset reciprocating pump can be installed and connected by a person skilled in the art according to specific requirements. The simple explanation is as follows:

when the reset mechanism adopts a tension spring structure, the tension spring is arranged above the compression bar, and the bottom end of the tension spring is connected with the compression bar 27. The rope hanger drives the compression bar 27 to descend, the tension spring is in a stretching state, and the piston rod is retracted at the moment; when the rope hanger ascends from the lowest position, the tension spring pulls the compression rod to move upwards, and then the piston rod is driven to extend out, so that power is provided for the ascending of the piston.

When the return mechanism is an air spring, the air spring may be a compressed air spring, a vacuum air spring, or the like. When the compressed air spring structure is adopted, the compressed air spring is a piston chamber which is arranged on the pump body and is linked with the reciprocating piece, when the reciprocating piece descends, the air in the piston chamber is compressed to form upward elasticity, and when the rope hanger ascends, the reciprocating piece is driven to extend out. When the vacuum air spring is adopted, the vacuum air spring is a piston chamber which is arranged on the pump body and is linked with the reciprocating piece, the interior of the piston chamber is vacuumized when the reciprocating piece descends, upward elasticity is formed, and the reciprocating piece is driven to extend when the rope hanger ascends.

When the reset mechanism is in a reset reciprocating pump structure, as shown in fig. 18, a reset pump cylinder body 66 is arranged at the bottom end of a hydraulic cylinder 6, a pressure cavity 67 communicated with the hydraulic cylinder is arranged in the reset pump cylinder body 66, a reset pump pressure inlet 69 is arranged at the bottom of the pressure cavity 67, the reset pump pressure inlet 69 is communicated with an oil conveying pipeline, a reset pump reciprocating piece 64 is matched in the pressure cavity 67, the reset pump reciprocating piece 64 can move up and down in the pressure cavity, and the top end of the reset pump reciprocating piece 64 is connected to a piston 62 of the piston pump reciprocating piece. The inlet and outlet 57 of the piston pump may share one opening, and as shown in fig. 18, the inlet and outlet 57 may be separately provided. The piston pump inlet and outlet 57 is connected between the inlet check valve 11 and the outlet check valve 14, and at this time, the inlet and outlet 57 are communicated with the oil pipeline and the christmas tree, so that the oil in the christmas tree flows to the piston pump through the inlet check valve 11, and the oil in the piston pump flows to the oil pipeline through the outlet check valve 14. The operation principle is as follows: the oil delivery pipeline inputs high-pressure oil into the pressure cavity 67 through the pressure inlet 69 of the oil delivery pipeline, the return pressure of the oil delivery pipeline drives the reciprocating piece 64 of the return pump to move upwards, and then drives the reciprocating piece (comprising the piston 62 and the piston rod 5) of the piston pump to move upwards, the piston pump pumps oil by the christmas tree, and the oil of the christmas tree flows into the pump body 6 through the inlet 57 and the outlet 57. When the reciprocating member moves down passively (the power source comes from the rope suspension device), the oil in the pump body is extruded into the oil delivery pipeline through the inlet and outlet 57, and meanwhile, the oil in the pressure cavity 67 is discharged through the return pump inlet 69. The cyclic reciprocating motion is performed in this way, and the work of assisting oil extraction of the oil extraction well and reducing oil pressure is completed.

The return pump inlet 69 is closed to form a compressed air spring structure, and the principle thereof is repeated and will not be described again.

In the utility model, as the pressure of the deep well pump always acts on the lower part of the reciprocating piece, the reciprocating piece is driven to extend upwards along with the rising of the output pressure of the deep well pump, and at the moment, part of the energy of the deep well pump is consumed, so that the pumping effect of the deep well pump is weakened. The reset mechanism can solve the problem, and can generate acting force in the same direction with the pressure of the deep well pump to provide power for driving the reciprocating piece to extend, so that the reciprocating piece is prevented from being driven to extend by the output pressure of the deep well pump. If the acting force of the resetting mechanism and the displacement of the oil pumping device are large enough, the negative pressure of the wellhead can be generated, so that the pressure loss of the deep well pump can be greatly reduced, the pump efficiency can be improved, and the yield can be increased.

The above nine embodiments are provided for illustrating the structure, installation and principle of the oil pumping device, and in order to further reduce the energy consumption, the utility model further comprises a jet pump, wherein the jet pump is arranged between the christmas tree and the oil pipeline. The jet pump structure is shown in fig. 15, and comprises a jet pump negative pressure cavity 23 arranged inside, a jet pump inlet 19, a jet pump inlet 22 and a jet pump outlet 20, wherein the jet pump inlet 22 is opposite to the jet pump outlet 20, the jet pump inlet 19 is communicated with the jet pump negative pressure cavity 23, and the principle is the prior art and is not described in detail.

In the first to ninth embodiments, jet pumps can be correspondingly arranged between the christmas tree and the oil pipeline, and the installation, connection and operation principles of the jet pumps are described by taking the oil pumping device as a piston pump and taking the action of the beam driving piston pump as an example.

The connection structure of the jet pump, the piston pump and the christmas tree is shown in fig. 16, a hole is formed in a negative pressure cavity 23 of the jet pump, the piston pump inlet hose 12 is communicated, the piston pump outlet hose 15 is communicated with the jet pump inlet 22, the jet pump outlet 20 is communicated with the oil delivery pipeline 16 through a jet pump outlet check valve 21, and the jet pump inlet 19 is communicated with the christmas tree outlet 2 through a valve, so that a piston pump+jet depressurization oil production system is formed.

Working principle of piston pump and jet depressurization oil extraction system: the walking beam 3 of the pumping unit drives the piston rod 5 to move upwards, and the piston pump is communicated with the christmas tree outlet 2 through the inlet 10, the inlet check valve 11, the inlet hose 12, the jet pump negative pressure cavity 23 and the christmas tree outlet, so that liquid is sucked from the wellhead inside and enters the hydraulic cylinder 6. The beam 3 of the pumping unit descends to drive the piston rod 5 to descend, the piston pump discharges liquid from the inside of the hydraulic cylinder 6, the liquid is injected into the jet pump inlet 22 through the piston pump outlet 13, the outlet check valve 14 and the outlet hose 15, and the liquid in the negative pressure cavity 23 is driven to be injected into the jet pump check valve 21 and the oil pipeline 16 through the jet pump outlet 20. The oil extraction and oil pressure reduction of the pumping well are completed by the cyclic reciprocating motion.

The walking beam 3 of the pumping unit drives the piston to move downwards, and high-pressure liquid is generated in the hydraulic cylinder. The hydraulic cylinder 6 inputs high-pressure liquid into the jet pump inlet 22 through the piston pump outlet 13, the jet pump nozzle sprays the high-pressure liquid into the mixing chamber (negative pressure cavity) to form jet flow and generate negative pressure, the jet pump inlet 19 is communicated with the negative pressure cavity 23, the liquid is sucked into the oil well christmas tree outlet 2 through the negative pressure, and the high-pressure liquid and the oil well liquid are mixed and then output through the jet pump outlet 20, so that the oil well yield is increased. In the operation process, the output liquid of the piston pump does not directly enter the oil pipeline, but drives the jet pump to operate, so that the oil pressure is further reduced, the energy consumption is reduced, and the oil well yield is increased.

In the piston pump and jet depressurization oil extraction system, the piston pump inlet 10 and the jet pump negative pressure cavity 23 can be disconnected, and the inlet hose 12 of the piston pump and the jet pump negative pressure cavity are communicated with the oil pipeline 16, as shown in fig. 17, and other connecting structures are unchanged. At this time, the liquid is pressed into the hydraulic cylinder 6 from the inside of the oil pipeline 16 through the inlet hose 12, the inlet check valve 11 and the piston pump inlet 10, and the piston pump drives the piston of the piston pump to move upwards by the energy of the back pressure obtained from the inside of the oil pipeline 16, so that the upward power is not obtained from the pumping unit, the upward power of the pumping unit is increased, and the energy consumption of the pumping unit is effectively reduced. If the back pressure of the oil pipeline 16 is not available, the walking beam 3 drives the piston rod 5 to move upwards.

When the piston rod 5 descends, the piston pump discharges liquid from the hydraulic cylinder 6, and the liquid is discharged into the jet pump inlet 22 through the piston pump outlet 13, the outlet check valve 14 and the outlet hose 15, so that the liquid in the negative pressure cavity 23 is driven to flow into the oil conveying pipeline 16 through the jet pump outlet 20 and the jet pump check valve 21.

The high-pressure liquid required by the jet pump is derived from the gravity of the underground rod column when the beam-pumping unit walking beam 3 descends, and the gravity acts on the piston pump piston rod 5 and the piston through the beam-pumping unit walking beam 3, so that the oil pressure in the piston pump is increased to form high pressure. The inlet check valve 11 blocks the oil pipeline 16 from the hydraulic cylinder 6, and the output liquid of the piston pump does not directly enter the oil pipeline, but drives the jet pump to further increase the output flow, so that the energy-saving and synergistic effects are obvious. The high-pressure liquid in the hydraulic cylinder 6 cannot flow back into the oil pipeline 16, and can only be output to the jet pump inlet 22 through the outlet check valve 14, high-speed liquid flow is sprayed out through the jet pump nozzle, jet output is formed in the negative pressure cavity 23, negative pressure is formed, wellhead oil pressure is reduced, wellhead liquid is sucked by the jet pump inlet 19, and oil well yield is increased. The oil extraction and oil pressure reduction of the pumping well are completed by the cyclic reciprocating motion. The jet pump now has a pronounced effect on the outlet check valve 21, the inlet check valve 11, and the outlet check valve 14. When the pumping unit goes up, the oil delivery pipeline 16 is blocked by the jet pump outlet check valve 21 and the outlet check valve 14, and the back pressure of the system cannot act on the negative pressure cavity of the jet pump to influence the pump efficiency.

Preferably, in the utility model, any one or more of load, flow, pressure, acceleration, displacement and temperature detection mechanisms are arranged on the polished rod of the oil pumping device or the oil pumping well, and are used for detecting the flow or the speed or the pressure of the absorbed oil and the working temperature, each detection mechanism comprises a sensor, a display, a transmission, a wireless transmitting device and a solar power generation device, which correspond to the respective detection functions, the solar power generation device supplies power to the various electric devices, each sensor transmits detection signals to the controller, the controller outputs the signals to the display, and the signal transmission is transmitted through the wireless transmitting device.

Claims

1. The pumping unit is characterized in that the pumping unit drives the pumping unit polish rod to reciprocate in a linear manner through a rope hanger: the oil pumping device is arranged between the christmas tree of the oil pumping well and the oil pipeline, and comprises a reciprocating pump, a rotary pump, an impeller pump, a combined pump formed by two or more reciprocating pumps, a combined pump formed by two or more rotary pumps or a combined pump formed by two or more impeller pumps, wherein the inlet of the oil pumping device is communicated with the outlet of the christmas tree, and the outlet of the oil pumping device is communicated with the oil pipeline.

2. The oil well pumping apparatus of claim 1, wherein:

when the oil pumping device comprises a reciprocating pump, the reciprocating pump comprises a pump body and a reciprocating piece which is matched and connected with the pump body in a sliding manner; when the pumping unit is a beam pumping unit, the reciprocating piece is connected with a pumping well polished rod, or connected with a beam pumping unit walking beam, or connected with a crank or a crank connecting rod of the pumping unit; when the pumping unit is of other structures, the reciprocating piece is connected to the pumping well polish rod;

3. The oil well pumping apparatus of claim 2, wherein:

when the reciprocating piece is connected with the pumping well polish rod, the pumping well polish rod is provided with a polish rod connecting mechanism in a sliding manner in the vertical direction below the rope hanger, and the polish rod connecting mechanism bears the downward acting force of the rope hanger;

the reciprocating piece is connected to the polish rod connecting mechanism through a connecting rod mechanism, the reciprocating pump is provided with a reset mechanism, the reset mechanism comprises a mechanical spring or an air spring or a reset reciprocating pump, and the reciprocating piece is driven to extend through the reset mechanism;

or the reciprocating piece is directly connected with the polish rod connecting mechanism, the pump body of the oil pumping device is hinged with a wellhead pipeline or a christmas tree, the reciprocating pump is provided with a reset mechanism, and the reset mechanism comprises a mechanical spring or an air spring or a reset reciprocating pump, and drives the reciprocating piece to extend out through the reset mechanism.

4. The oil well pumping apparatus of claim 1, wherein:

when the oil pumping device comprises a combined pump formed by two or more reciprocating pumps, the reciprocating pumps are provided with reset mechanisms, the reset mechanisms comprise mechanical springs or air springs or reset reciprocating pumps, the reciprocating members are driven to extend through the reset mechanisms,

5. A pumping well pumping unit according to claim 3 or 4, wherein: the connecting rod mechanism comprises a pressing rod and a connecting rod, the pressing rod and a reciprocating piece of the oil pumping device are correspondingly arranged, the front end of the pressing rod is connected with the polished rod connecting mechanism, the rear end of the pressing rod is connected with the top of the connecting rod, and the bottom end of the connecting rod is arranged on an oil pipeline or foundation;

The connecting rod is of a fixed length or length adjustable structure;

6. The oil well pumping apparatus of claim 5, wherein:

the polish rod connecting mechanism is provided with an opening or a semi-closed hole corresponding to the polish rod of the oil pumping well on one side and a closed hole on the other side, or is provided with a semi-closed hole or a semi-closed groove corresponding to the polish rod of the oil pumping well on the middle of the connecting structures on two sides and/or can be assembled and disassembled, and the front end of the press rod is hinged to the polish rod connecting mechanism, or is fixed to the polish rod connecting mechanism, or is integrated with the polish rod connecting mechanism;

or the polish rod connecting mechanism is a connecting structure with one side arranged to correspond to the detachable structure of the polish rod of the pumping well and the other side arranged, and the front end of the press rod is hinged to the polish rod connecting mechanism.

7. The oil well pumping apparatus of claim 5, wherein: the compression bar and the connecting rod and the compression bar and the reciprocating piece are respectively connected by roller crimping, sliding sleeve sleeving, hinge hinging or sliding block connection _；

8. The oil well pumping apparatus of claim 7, wherein:

When the reciprocating pump adopts a piston pump, a centralizer is arranged between the piston pump and the connecting rod mechanism;

the centering device comprises a centering cylinder and a centering sleeve, wherein the bottom end of the centering sleeve is fixed on the pump body or is integrated with the pump body, the centering cylinder is movably inserted into the centering sleeve or sleeved outside the centering sleeve, and the centering cylinder is fixed on the reciprocating piece or is integrated with the reciprocating piece;

and a limiting mechanism of a limiting groove-positioning pin is arranged outside the sealing part of the centralizing cylinder and the centralizing sleeve.

9. The oil well pumping apparatus of claim 1, wherein: and a jet pump is further arranged between the christmas tree and the oil pipeline, the inlet of the jet pump is communicated with the outlet of the christmas tree, the outlet of the jet pump is directly or communicated with the oil pipeline through a check valve, the outlet of the oil pumping device is communicated with the inlet of the jet pump, and the inlet of the oil pumping device is directly or communicated with a negative pressure cavity of the jet pump through a valve, or the inlet of the oil pumping device is directly or communicated with the oil pipeline through a valve.

10. The oil well pumping apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the pumping unit or polished rod of pumping well has one or several kinds of load, flow, pressure, acceleration, displacement and temperature detecting mechanisms comprising sensor, display, speed variator, radio emitter and solar generator.