CN220006931U - Lathe fixture and lathe power head - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a lathe fixture and a lathe power head, wherein the fixture comprises a forward pushing type chuck, a push-pull rod and a hydraulic cylinder; the radial dimension of the clamp is smaller than the diameter of the lathe spindle, and the push-pull rod clamps or loosens a workpiece when moving along the axial direction; the power head comprises a lathe fixture, a main shaft and a driving assembly, a through hole is formed in the main shaft, and the fixture is arranged in the through hole. Through reducing the fixture size, the multi-station lathe avoids interference between stations, the fixture is placed in the main shaft, the fixture is further prevented from occupying the external space, the compactness and the integration level of the multi-station lathe are improved, the fixture is coaxial with the main shaft as a whole, the mass is reduced, the inertial momentum is reduced in the starting and stopping processes of the main shaft rotation, the quick response of the main shaft is facilitated, the production efficiency is improved, and the occupied space of a factory building is saved. The power head is provided with feeding motion for the axial direction and the radial direction respectively instead of adopting a profiling cutter, so that the power head has strong compatibility, high efficiency, convenience and practicability and material resource saving.

Description

Lathe fixture and lathe power head

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of lathe tools, in particular to a lathe fixture and a lathe power head.

Background

The lathe is used for turning a workpiece, the lathe is mainly used for cutting a rotating workpiece, the workpiece is fixed on a rotating spindle through a clamp, the currently widely used lathe clamp is provided with a universal clamp such as a three-jaw chuck or a clamping clamp such as a power chuck, the chuck or the power chuck can clamp and unclamp through adjusting the radial position of each jaw, and the universal clamp is large in size, large in mass, complex in operation, needs to be fixed outside the rotating spindle and occupies a large space. On one hand, along with the improvement of the processing efficiency requirement, multi-station processing is adopted on the same lathe, namely, a plurality of sets of rotating spindles, clamps and turning tools are simultaneously adopted to process a plurality of workpieces, and the clamp occupies too much space, so that the design between the multi-stations is not easy to be tight, and the number of stations of the lathe is limited; on the other hand, when the machining efficiency requirement is very high, the rotation of the main shaft is stopped when two adjacent workpieces are machined, the clamp is loosened to replace the workpieces, the clamp is clamped, and the main shaft is restarted to rotate again, so that the momentum is large during rotation and the response speed is low due to the fact that the traditional clamp is large in mass, and the machining gap between the two adjacent workpieces is overlong; in addition, traditional anchor clamps complex operation is unfavorable for whole machining efficiency's promotion yet.

At present, a mode of profiling cutters is generally adopted for processing the excircle by a multi-station multi-spindle lathe in China, so that the custom cutters are required, the compatibility is poor, and the surface finish of a processed workpiece is not high. Along with the rapid development of automatic equipment and the overall improvement of production efficiency, the turning power head with high flexibility, high machining efficiency and good machining quality can be adapted to the turning machining of various workpieces so as to realize the turning machining requirement.

Disclosure of Invention

According to the embodiment of the utility model, in order to solve the defects in the prior art, the radial dimension of the lathe fixture is smaller than the diameter of a lathe spindle, and the fixture comprises a push-forward chuck, a push-pull rod and a hydraulic cylinder; the radial dimension of the clamp is smaller than the diameter of a lathe spindle, the front pushing type chuck is arranged at the end part of the spindle, which is close to one end of a lathe tool, and is coaxial with the spindle, the front pushing type chuck comprises a plurality of clamping jaws and a plurality of pushing blocks which are in one-to-one correspondence with the clamping jaws, and the clamping jaws are driven to clamp or loosen a workpiece when the pushing blocks move along the axial direction; the push-pull rod extends along the axial direction of the main shaft, and the first end part of the push-pull rod is connected with a plurality of push blocks; the hydraulic cylinder is arranged at the end part of the main shaft far away from one end of the lathe tool and is coaxial with the main shaft, and the hydraulic cylinder is connected with the second end part of the push-pull rod and drives the push-pull rod to axially move along the main shaft.

Preferably, the jaws comprise gripping ends, the radial distance of which from the central axis of rotation of the spindle increases when the push block is moved towards the tool side.

Preferably, the gripping end is provided with a knurling pattern.

Preferably, the hydraulic cylinder comprises a piston, an oil cylinder and a connector, wherein the piston is connected with the push-pull rod, and external hydraulic oil enters and exits the oil cylinder through the connector.

Preferably, a spring is provided between the second end and the piston.

Preferably, the spring is a rectangular spring.

According to the lathe clamp disclosed by the embodiment of the utility model, the clamp size is reduced, so that the interference between stations is avoided for the multi-station lathe, the radial control of the clamping end of the clamp is further converted into the application of the axial force, so that the parts which are clamped and released can be placed in the main shaft, the problem that the clamp occupies the external space is further solved, the space between processing stations is greatly saved, and the compactness and the integration level of the multi-station lathe are improved. In addition, the whole clamp is coaxial with the main shaft, the mass is small, the inertial momentum of the main shaft is reduced in the process of rotating starting and stopping, the quick response of the main shaft is facilitated, the production efficiency is improved, and the occupied space of a factory building is saved.

According to another embodiment of the utility model, a lathe power head is provided, and comprises a lathe fixture, a main shaft and a driving assembly, wherein a through hole is formed in the main shaft, a push-pull rod is arranged in the through hole, and the driving assembly can drive the main shaft to move along the axial direction.

Preferably, the driving assembly comprises a first motor, a first guide rail and a ball screw pair, the first motor drives a screw shaft of the ball screw pair to rotate, a nut of the ball screw pair is connected with the main shaft, the first guide rail extends along the axial direction of the main shaft, the main shaft is arranged on the first guide rail, and the nut of the ball screw pair drives the main shaft to move along the first guide rail.

Preferably, a radial feed mechanism is also included, the radial feed mechanism being operable to control movement of the clamp in a plane perpendicular to the spindle.

Preferably, the radial feeding mechanism comprises a second motor, a second guide rail and a sliding block, the sliding block is connected with the main shaft, the extending direction of the second guide rail is perpendicular to the main shaft, the sliding block is arranged on the second guide rail, and the second motor drives the sliding block to move along the second guide rail.

According to the lathe power head provided by the embodiment of the utility model, the feeding motion is respectively arranged on the axial direction and the radial direction, the uniform cutter and the clamp are matched, the surface turning of the workpiece is realized through the feeding motion instead of adopting the profiling cutter, the cutter does not need to be independently customized according to each batch of workpieces, the production cost is greatly reduced, the production efficiency is improved, and the lathe power head is convenient and practical and saves manpower and material resources.

It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and are intended to provide further explanation of the technology claimed.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a lathe fixture according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an axial feed configuration of a lathe power head according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

fig. 3 is a schematic view of a radial feed structure of a lathe power head according to an embodiment of the present utility model.

Description of the embodiments

The preferred embodiments of the present utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings, which further illustrate the present utility model.

First, a lathe jig according to an embodiment of the present utility model will be described with reference to fig. 1, and is widely used in the field of turning and the like.

As shown in fig. 1, the lathe fixture of the embodiment of the utility model is provided with a forward pushing type chuck 21, a push-pull rod 22 and a hydraulic cylinder 23.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the radial dimension of the clamp is smaller than the diameter of the lathe spindle 11, so that interference between stations of a multi-station lathe can be avoided by reducing the dimension of the clamp, the push-forward chuck 21 is arranged at the end of the spindle 11, which is close to one end of the lathe tool 12, and is coaxial with the spindle 11 and is used for directly clamping a workpiece to be machined, the push-forward chuck 21 is a universal piece in the prior art, the push-forward chuck 21 comprises a plurality of clamping jaws and a plurality of pushing blocks corresponding to the clamping jaws one by one according to the dimension of the spindle, the pushing blocks directly act on the clamping jaws to apply force to each other, the pushing blocks are connected with the push-pull rod 22 to drive the clamping jaws to clamp or loosen the workpiece when moving along the axial direction, the axial acting force is converted into the clamping force of the clamping jaws through the push-forward chuck 21, and the general applied radial force in the prior art is changed to realize clamping. Because the clamping is realized through the action of axial force, a linear motion driving mode, such as a hydraulic cylinder 23, can be adopted, so that the push-pull rod 22 can be arranged in the main shaft 11, the space inside the main shaft is enough for the push-pull rod 22, excessive radial space is not needed, the problem that the clamp occupies extra space is fundamentally solved, and the interference between stations is avoided. Specifically, the push-pull rod 22 extends along the axial direction of the main shaft 11, the push-pull rod 22 is used for power transmission, the first end part of the push-pull rod 22 is connected with a plurality of push blocks, the hydraulic cylinder 23 is connected with the second end part of the push-pull rod 22 and drives the push-pull rod 22 to axially move along the main shaft 11, clamping of a workpiece is achieved, the hydraulic cylinder 23 is arranged at the end part of the main shaft 11, which is far away from one end of the lathe tool 12, and is coaxial with the main shaft 11, and is far away from a processing station, so that the space between the processing stations is greatly saved, the compactness and the integration level of a multi-station lathe are improved, the whole clamp is coaxial with the main shaft 11, the mass is small, the inertial momentum of the main shaft 11 is reduced in the process of rotating starting and stopping, the quick response of the main shaft 11 is facilitated, the production efficiency is improved, and the occupied space of a factory building is saved.

Preferably, the jack catch contains the clamping end, and the clamping end inclines outward, and when the ejector pad moved to cutter 12 one side, the clamping end inboard was promoted, and clamping end inclination changes, and the radial distance of clamping end outside and main shaft 11's rotation center pin increases, does benefit to the work piece of waiting to process and puts into, can adopt a plurality of clamping ends, realizes that the multiple spot is pressed from both sides tightly, and fastening effect is good.

Preferably, the clamping end is provided with knurling patterns, so that friction force is increased, sliding is prevented from being generated during clamping, and displacement deviation is avoided.

Preferably, the hydraulic cylinder 23 comprises a piston 231, an oil cylinder 232 and a joint 233, the piston 231 is connected with the push-pull rod 22, the piston 231 can realize linear motion along the axial direction, the push-pull rod 22 is driven to move along the axial direction of the main shaft 11, external hydraulic oil passes through the joint 233 to enter and exit the oil cylinder 232, hydraulic pressure change is realized, the piston 231 is driven, the hydraulic cylinder 23 is simple to maintain, good in wear resistance and long in service cycle, the clamp needs frequent operation in processing, and the hydraulic cylinder 23 is matched with the scene.

Preferably, a spring 3 is arranged between the second end and the piston 231, after the piston 231 pushes the push-pull rod 22, the spring 3 is compressed by force to deform, in the process of recovering, the clamping end is gradually pushed to clamp the workpiece, the spring 3 can store and release axial force, and the spring has a buffering function, so that the workpiece is prevented from being damaged in the process of clamping and loosening.

Preferably, the spring 3 is a rectangular spring, which has high strength, is suitable for providing relatively large stress in a small space, and is wear-resistant and long in service life.

When the clamping device is used, as shown in fig. 1-3, a workpiece is sent to a processing position, the hydraulic cylinder 23 pushes the push-pull rod 22 to move towards one side of the cutter 12, the forward-pushing chuck 21 receives axial force, the clamping jaw is opened, the workpiece is placed into the clamping jaw, the hydraulic cylinder 23 is controlled to drive the piston 231 to move reversely, or the spring 3 is arranged to compress and then utilize the elastic force of the spring 3 to push the push-pull rod 22 reversely, so that the clamping jaw is tightened to apply radial clamping force to the workpiece, and clamping is completed.

In the above, the lathe fixture according to the embodiment of the utility model is described with reference to fig. 1 to 3, by reducing the size of the fixture, the multi-station lathe avoids interference between stations, and further converts radial control of the clamping end of the fixture into application of axial force, so that the clamped and loosened components can be placed in the main shaft, the problem that the fixture occupies an external space is further avoided, the space between processing stations is greatly saved, and the compactness and the integration level of the multi-station lathe are improved. In addition, the whole clamp is coaxial with the main shaft, the mass is small, the inertial momentum of the main shaft is reduced in the process of rotating starting and stopping, the quick response of the main shaft is facilitated, the production efficiency is improved, and the occupied space of a factory building is saved.

Next, a lathe power head according to an embodiment of the present utility model will be described with reference to fig. 2 and 3, and is widely used in the context of turning, particularly multi-station lathes, flexible machining, and the like.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the lathe power head according to the embodiment of the present utility model has a lathe chuck, a spindle 11, and a driving unit 4.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, a through hole is formed in the main shaft 11, the push-pull rod 22 is arranged in the through hole, the driving component 4 can drive the main shaft 11 to move axially, the radial dimension of the clamp is smaller than the diameter of the main shaft 11, and the whole push-pull rod 22 is positioned in the main shaft; the fixture moves along the axial direction along with the main shaft 11, and can carry out turning on various workpiece adaptive adjustment positions, so that each batch of workpieces does not need to customize a profiling cutter, and the cost is saved.

Preferably, the driving assembly 4 comprises a first motor 41, a first guide rail 42 and a ball screw pair 43, the first motor 41 drives a screw shaft 431 of the ball screw pair 43 to rotate, a nut 432 of the ball screw pair 43 is connected with the main shaft 11, the first guide rail 42 extends along the axial direction of the main shaft 11, the main shaft 11 is arranged on the first guide rail 42, the nut 432 of the ball screw pair 43 drives the main shaft 11 to move along the first guide rail 42, axial feeding is realized by matching with the ball screw pair 43, rotary motion is converted into linear motion feeding, friction resistance is small, and feeding amount is accurate.

Preferably, the device also comprises a radial feeding mechanism 5, and the radial feeding mechanism 5 can control the clamp to move in a plane perpendicular to the main shaft 11, so that the whole clamp can be further increased by one degree of freedom of movement, the compatibility is improved, the production flexibility is improved, and the device is suitable for processing various nonstandard workpieces.

Preferably, the radial feeding mechanism 5 comprises a second motor 51, a second guide rail 52 and a sliding block 53, the sliding block 53 is connected with the main shaft 11, the extending direction of the second guide rail 52 is perpendicular to the axial direction of the main shaft 11, the sliding block 53 is arranged on the second guide rail 52, the sliding friction force is small, the second motor 51 drives the sliding block 53 to move along the second guide rail 52, the sliding block can be in a block shape, a plate shape or other shapes, the sliding block can be arranged according to the space adaptability of the station, the guide rail provides a moving path, and the sliding rail can be one or more, so that the stability in the sliding process is improved.

When the machine tool is used, as shown in fig. 1-3, axial and radial feeding is adjusted according to processing requirements, the machine tool is suitable for processing various nonstandard workpieces, in addition, the machine tool can be also adapted to a spindle 11 rotating at a high speed, for example, an electric spindle rotating at a high speed is realized through a high-speed motor, the function of a lathe is realized, meanwhile, the function of a grinding machine can be realized, and the machine tool is used for turning instead of grinding, is suitable for flexible manufacturing, and realizes high-efficiency production.

In the above, the lathe power head according to the embodiment of the utility model is described with reference to fig. 1 to 3, by providing a power head with strong compatibility and high efficiency, feeding motion is respectively arranged in the axial direction and the radial direction, a unified cutter 12 and a clamp are matched, the surface turning of a workpiece is realized through the feeding motion instead of adopting a profiling cutter, the cutter is not required to be independently customized according to each batch of processed workpieces, the production cost is greatly reduced, the production efficiency is improved, and the lathe power head is convenient and practical and saves manpower and material resources.

In the description of the present utility model, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of "plurality" means two or more; the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," "outer," "top," "bottom," and the like are used in an orientation or positional relationship based on that shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate describing the present utility model and simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present utility model.

It should be noted that in this specification the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article or apparatus that comprises the element.

While the present utility model has been described in detail through the foregoing description of the preferred embodiment, it should be understood that the foregoing description is not to be considered as limiting the utility model. Many modifications and substitutions of the present utility model will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the foregoing. Accordingly, the scope of the utility model should be limited only by the attached claims.

Claims (10)

1. A lathe fixture, wherein the fixture radial dimension is less than the diameter of a lathe spindle, the fixture comprising:

the front pushing type chuck is arranged at the end part of the main shaft, which is close to one end of the lathe tool, and is coaxial with the main shaft, and comprises a plurality of clamping jaws and a plurality of pushing blocks which are in one-to-one correspondence with the clamping jaws, and the clamping jaws are driven to clamp or loosen a workpiece when the pushing blocks move along the axial direction;

the push-pull rod extends along the axial direction of the main shaft, and the first end part of the push-pull rod is connected with the plurality of push blocks;

the hydraulic cylinder is arranged at the end part of the main shaft, which is far away from one end of the lathe tool, and is coaxial with the main shaft, and the hydraulic cylinder is connected with the second end part of the push-pull rod and drives the push-pull rod to axially move along the main shaft.

2. The lathe fixture of claim 1, wherein the jaws include gripping ends that increase in radial distance from a rotational center axis of the spindle as the pusher block moves toward the lathe tool side.

3. The lathe fixture of claim 2, wherein said gripping end is provided with a knurled pattern.

4. The lathe fixture of claim 1, wherein the hydraulic cylinder comprises a piston, an oil cylinder and a joint, the piston is connected with the push-pull rod, and external hydraulic oil enters and exits the oil cylinder through the joint.

5. The lathe fixture of claim 4, wherein a spring is disposed between the second end and the piston.

6. The lathe fixture of claim 5, wherein the spring is a rectangular spring.

7. A lathe power head, characterized by comprising the lathe fixture as claimed in any one of claims 1-6, further comprising a main shaft and a driving assembly, wherein a through hole is formed in the main shaft, the push-pull rod is arranged in the through hole, and the driving assembly can drive the main shaft to move along the axial direction.

8. The lathe power head as in claim 7, wherein said drive assembly comprises a first motor, a first guide rail and a ball screw pair, said first motor driving a screw shaft of said ball screw pair to rotate, a nut of said ball screw pair being connected to a spindle, said first guide rail extending axially along said spindle, said spindle being disposed on said first guide rail, said nut of said ball screw pair driving said spindle to move along said first guide rail.

9. The lathe head of claim 7, further comprising: a radial feed mechanism operable to control movement of the clamp in a plane perpendicular to the spindle.

10. The lathe power head as in claim 9, wherein said radial feed mechanism comprises a second motor, a second rail and a slider, said slider is connected to said spindle, said second rail extends in a direction perpendicular to said spindle, said slider is disposed on said second rail, and said second motor drives said slider to move along said second rail.