CN219999127U

CN219999127U - Motor rotor and permanent magnet synchronous motor

Info

Publication number: CN219999127U
Application number: CN202321190422.0U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈益辉; 王龙; 蒋大千; 孙卫东; 王克兆
Original assignee: United Automotive Electronic Systems Co Ltd
Current assignee: United Automotive Electronic Systems Co Ltd
Priority date: 2023-05-17
Filing date: 2023-05-17
Publication date: 2023-11-10
Anticipated expiration: 2033-05-17

Abstract

The utility model discloses a motor rotor and a permanent magnet synchronous motor, wherein the motor rotor comprises a plurality of rotor laminations, the rotor laminations are sequentially stacked and connected with a rotating shaft of the motor rotor through a fixing piece, the rotor laminations are divided into a plurality of rotor units around the radial section of the motor rotor, and the rotor units are distributed along the magnetic field of the radial section of the rotor. The magnetic circuit on the radial section of the rotor is optimized through the split rotor structure, the magnetic field density of the air gap magnetic field is increased through the magnetic circuit optimization, the air gap magnetic field of the motor is enhanced, and the circulation on the rotor of the motor is reduced, so that the loss and the temperature of the rotor are reduced, the use of magnetic steel is reduced, and rare earth materials are saved.

Description

Motor rotor and permanent magnet synchronous motor

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of motor manufacturing, and particularly relates to a motor rotor and a permanent magnet synchronous motor.

Background

The permanent magnet synchronous motor is formed by the interaction of a magnetic field generated by rare earth permanent magnet materials fixed in a rotor and a magnetic field generated by alternating current flowing through a stator, and outputs torque and power.

For a common permanent magnet synchronous motor, after magnetic steel is embedded in a rotor, the magnetic field of the rotor is unevenly distributed along the radial direction. Generally, the magnetic field density is smaller in the region near the inner diameter of the rotor, and is larger in the region near the outer diameter of the rotor and the region near the magnetic steel grooves.

It can be seen that there must be some local areas of large magnetic field density, even magnetic saturation, due to the non-uniform distribution of the magnetic field. And, part of the magnetic field does not pass through the air gap, forms a complete loop in the rotor, generates loss and heat on the rotor, and deteriorates the working condition of the magnetic steel. Meanwhile, the rare earth material belongs to non-renewable resources, the stock of the rare earth resources is gradually reduced along with popularization of electric automobiles, the price of the rare earth is also gradually increased, and the cost pressure is further increased. Therefore, reducing the content of rare earth materials is a trend of development of motors.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model discloses a motor rotor and a permanent magnet synchronous motor, wherein a magnetic circuit on the radial section of the motor rotor is optimized through a split motor rotor structure, the magnetic field density of an air gap magnetic field is increased through the magnetic circuit optimization, the air gap magnetic field of the motor is enhanced, and the circulation on the rotor is reduced, so that the loss of the motor rotor and the temperature of the motor rotor are reduced, meanwhile, the use of magnetic steel is reduced, and rare earth materials are saved.

In a first aspect, the present utility model provides a motor rotor, including a plurality of rotor laminations, the motor rotor laminations are sequentially stacked and connected with a rotating shaft of the motor rotor by a fixing member, the rotor laminations are divided into a plurality of rotor units around a radial section of the motor rotor, and the plurality of rotor units are distributed along a magnetic field of the radial section of the motor rotor.

Optionally, the rotor unit is provided with a gap groove at each magnetic pole of the motor rotor, and the gap groove separates the rotor unit into a multi-layer structure.

Optionally, the clearance groove is internally provided with magnetic steel, the inner wall of the clearance groove is provided with pits matched with the magnetic steel, and two sides of the magnetic steel are respectively embedded into the pits of adjacent layers of the rotor unit.

Optionally, a positioning part is arranged in the clearance groove, and the magnetic steel is abutted with the positioning part.

Optionally, a plurality of the clearance grooves are symmetrically disposed on the rotor unit.

Optionally, the gap grooves with different sizes are arranged according to the air gap resultant magnetic field.

Optionally, the middle layer and the outer layer of the rotor unit are respectively provided with a perforation, the perforations in the overlapping direction of the rotor unit are mutually aligned, and a metal rod is arranged in the perforation.

Optionally, discs are respectively arranged at two ends of the motor rotor, and the discs are connected with the metal rod.

Optionally, the rotor unit is provided with a heat dissipation groove, adjacent heat dissipation grooves are spliced on the rotor lamination to form heat dissipation holes, and the disc is provided with an adapted through hole aligned with the heat dissipation holes.

In a second aspect, the utility model provides a permanent magnet synchronous motor, and the motor rotor is adopted.

It should be noted that, the terms "first", "second", and the like are used herein merely to describe each component in the technical solution, and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solution, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying importance of the corresponding component; elements with "first", "second" and the like mean that in the corresponding technical solution, the element includes at least one.

According to the motor rotor and the permanent magnet synchronous motor, through the split type rotor structure, the scheme of a traditional magnetism isolating bridge is removed, so that the magnetic field distribution of the motor rotor is different from that of a common double-layer magnetic steel permanent magnet synchronous motor, the magnetic field density of an air gap magnetic field is increased through magnetic circuit optimization, the air gap magnetic field of the motor is enhanced, the motor flux linkage is strong, the magnetic leakage is less, the utilization rate of the magnetic field is high, the magnetic steel consumption can be reduced while the same torque and power are output, and the rare earth resource is saved.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present utility model, the technical effects, technical features and objects of the present utility model will be further understood, and the present utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, which form a necessary part of the specification, and together with the embodiments of the present utility model serve to illustrate the technical solution of the present utility model, but not to limit the present utility model.

Like reference numerals in the drawings denote like parts, in particular:

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a motor rotor according to the present utility model;

FIG. 2 is a diagram of a symmetrically segmented rotor unit;

FIG. 3 is an assembly effect diagram of a rotor lamination;

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the relationship between the disk and the metal rod;

FIG. 5 is a graph of example torque as a function of rotational speed;

FIG. 6 is a block diagram of an asymmetrically partitioned rotor unit;

reference numerals: 1. a rotor; 11. rotor lamination; 111. a rotor unit; 112. a clearance groove; 113. an inner layer; 114. an outer layer; 115. an intermediate layer; 116. magnetic steel; 117. a positioning part; 118. perforating; 119. a heat sink; 12. a fixing member; 121. a metal rod; 122. a disk.

Detailed Description

The present utility model will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. Of course, the following specific examples are set forth only to illustrate the technical solution of the present utility model, and are not intended to limit the present utility model. Furthermore, the parts expressed in the examples or drawings are merely illustrative of the relevant parts of the present utility model, and not all of the present utility model.

It should be noted that: references herein to "a plurality" means two or more. "and/or" describes an association relationship of an association object, meaning that there may be three relationships, e.g., a and/or B may represent: a exists alone, A and B exist together, and B exists alone. The character "/" generally indicates that the context-dependent object is an "or" relationship.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the present utility model provides a motor rotor, comprising a plurality of rotor laminations 11, wherein the rotor laminations 11 are sequentially stacked and connected with a rotating shaft of the motor rotor 1 by a fixing member 12, the rotor laminations 11 are divided into a plurality of rotor units 111 around a radial section of the motor rotor 1, and the plurality of rotor units 111 are distributed along a magnetic field of the radial section of the motor rotor 1.

It should be noted that, for a common permanent magnet synchronous motor, after the magnetic steel is embedded in the motor rotor 1, the magnetic field of the motor rotor 1 is unevenly distributed along the radial direction. Generally, the magnetic field density is small in the region near the inner diameter of the motor rotor 1, and is large in the region near the outer diameter of the motor rotor 1 and the region near the magnetic steel grooves. Due to the non-uniform distribution of the magnetic field, there must be some local areas where the magnetic field density is large, even in magnetic saturation. And, part of the magnetic field does not pass through the air gap, forms a complete loop in the motor rotor 1, generates loss and heat on the motor rotor 1, and deteriorates the working condition of the magnetic steel.

The utility model adopts the motor rotor 1 to be divided, and can remove the magnetism isolating bridge, so that the magnetic field distribution is different from that of the common double-layer magnetic steel permanent magnet synchronous motor.

Specifically, the motor rotor 1 is divided according to the magnetic field distribution of the radial section of the motor rotor 1, and the magnetic circuit on the radial section of the motor rotor 1 is optimized. Through magnetic circuit optimization, the magnetic field density of the air gap field is increased, and the air gap field of the motor is enhanced. At the same time, the circulation on the motor rotor 1 is reduced, and the loss of the motor rotor 1 and the temperature of the motor rotor 1 are further reduced. Therefore, the continuous performance of the motor is improved, and the high-efficiency area of the motor during operation is enlarged.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 2, the rotor unit 111 is provided with a clearance groove 112 at each magnetic pole of the motor rotor 1, the clearance groove 112 dividing the rotor unit 111 into a multi-layered structure. Illustratively, three layers are taken as examples: comprises an inner layer 113, an outer layer 114 and an intermediate layer 115, and magnetic steel 116 is clamped between the layers. It should be noted that the multi-layer structure is not limited to three layers, but may be reduced to two layers or increased to more than three layers, the corresponding magnetic steel 116 also changes with the level change, and the gap groove 112 between each layer is adaptively adjusted according to the size of the magnetic steel 116.

Since the rotor lamination 11 is cut and the magnetism isolating bridge is removed, the motor rotor 1 is formed by splicing three silicon steel sheets and four magnetic steels, and the present utility model is explained with an inner layer 113, an intermediate layer 115 and an outer layer 114. The first layer of magnetic steel is jointly fixed by the constraint features of the upper edge of the structure and the constraint features of the lower edge of the structure. The second layer of magnetic steel is jointly fixed by the constraint features of the upper edge of the structure and the constraint features of the lower edge of the structure.

As shown in fig. 2, in order to improve connection stability of the gap rotor unit 111, a magnetic steel 116 is disposed in the gap groove 112, a pit adapted to the magnetic steel 116 is disposed on an inner wall of the gap groove 112, and two sides of the magnetic steel are respectively embedded into the pits of adjacent layers of the rotor unit 111. The scattered rotor units 111 and the magnetic steel 116 are restrained by the pit structure on the inner wall of the clearance groove 112, and the functions of positioning and fixing are achieved.

A positioning portion 117 is provided in the clearance groove 112, and the magnetic steel 116 abuts against the positioning portion 117. Thereby improving the use effect of the magnetic steel 116.

As shown in fig. 1 and 3, in order to further improve the mounting stability of the motor rotor 1, the middle layer 115 and the outer layer 114 of the rotor unit 111 are respectively provided with perforations 118, the perforations 118 in the overlapping direction of the rotor unit 111 are aligned with each other, and metal bars 121 are provided in the perforations 118. The probability of lateral displacement of the rotor unit 111 is reduced by the metal rod 121.

Meanwhile, as shown in fig. 4, discs 122 are respectively provided at both ends of the motor rotor 1, and the discs 122 are connected with the metal rod 121.

It should be noted that, the fixing features of the two ends of the motor rotor 1 are not limited to the disc 122, and may be fixed by bolts, nuts or other features, so long as the fixing function is provided for fixing the rotor lamination 11; the material of the metal rod 121 inserted into the through hole 118 is not limited to metal, and may be any material as long as the strength satisfies the motor operation requirement and fixes the motor rotor 1.

In order to improve the use effect of the motor rotor 1, adjacent heat dissipation grooves 119 are spliced to form heat dissipation holes on the rotor lamination 11, and the disc 122 is provided with an adapted through hole aligned with the heat dissipation holes. The rate of rise of the temperature of the motor rotor 1 can be reduced.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 2, a plurality of the clearance grooves 112 are symmetrically disposed on the rotor unit 111. By adopting the scheme of symmetrically slotting and removing the magnetism isolating bridge of the motor rotor 1, when the same peak value performance is output, the permanent magnet synchronous motor for symmetrically dividing the motor rotor 1 saves 13.4% of magnetic steel compared with the permanent magnet synchronous motor with common double-layer magnetic steel. Therefore, the utility model reduces the dosage of the magnetic steel under the condition of maintaining the performance of the motor unchanged, saves rare earth materials and simplifies the complexity of the processing technology.

For example, compared with a common double-layer magnetic steel permanent magnet synchronous motor, the method for removing the magnetic isolation bridge through the symmetrical slots of the motor rotor 1 has the advantages that if the magnetic steels with the same mass are used, peak torques of the motor rotor 1 and the motor rotor 1 which are not segmented are shown in fig. 5, the first line from bottom to top is a function relation between the torque and the torque before segmentation, the asymmetric segmentation is taken as an example, the second line is a function relation between the torque and the torque during the symmetric segmentation, compared with the symmetric segmentation of the motor rotor 1, the peak torque is improved by 4.4%, and the function relation between the torque and the torque before and after the segmentation of the motor rotor 1 is needed to be explained, and the symmetric segmentation and the asymmetric segmentation are similar and are not repeated herein.

In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 6, the gap slots 112 are provided in different sizes depending on the air gap resultant magnetic field. So that the magnetic field on the radial section of the motor rotor 1 is asymmetrically distributed along the magnetic pole center line. And finding out the optimal air gap resultant magnetic field according to the vector sum of the armature magnetomotive force and the magnetomotive force of the magnetic poles of the motor rotor 1, thereby determining the asymmetric segmentation scheme of the motor rotor 1. The motor of the scheme of the utility model has stronger magnetic linkage, less magnetic leakage and higher utilization rate of magnetic field. Therefore, the motor rotor 1 structure with the adaptive magnetic field design can further reduce the dosage of the magnetic steel while outputting the same torque and power.

In some embodiments, the present utility model further provides a permanent magnet synchronous motor, and the motor rotor in the above embodiments is adopted.

Other embodiments of the utility model will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the embodiments disclosed herein. This utility model is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the utility model following, in general, the principles of the utility model and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice within the art to which the utility model pertains.

It is to be understood that the utility model is not limited to the precise arrangements and instrumentalities shown in the drawings, which have been described above, and that various modifications and changes may be effected without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the utility model is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a motor rotor, its characterized in that includes a plurality of rotor lamination (11), rotor lamination (11) are overlapped in proper order and are connected with the pivot of motor rotor (1) through setting up mounting (12), rotor lamination (11) encircle the radial cross section of motor rotor (1) and cut apart into a plurality of rotor unit (111), a plurality of rotor unit (111) are along the magnetic field distribution setting of motor rotor (1) radial cross section.

2. The electric motor rotor as recited in claim 1, characterized in that the rotor unit (111) is provided with a clearance groove (112) at each pole of the electric motor rotor (1), the clearance groove (112) dividing the rotor unit (111) into a multilayer structure.

3. The motor rotor according to claim 2, characterized in that magnetic steel (116) is arranged in the clearance groove (112), pits adapted to the magnetic steel (116) are arranged on the inner wall of the clearance groove (112), and two sides of the magnetic steel (116) are respectively embedded into the pits of adjacent layers of the rotor unit (111).

4. A motor rotor according to claim 3, characterized in that a positioning portion (117) is provided in the clearance groove (112), and the magnetic steel (116) abuts against the positioning portion (117).

5. The motor rotor according to claim 2, characterized in that the middle layer (115) and the outer layer (114) of the rotor unit (111) are respectively provided with perforations (118), the perforations (118) of the rotor unit (111) in the overlapping direction are aligned with each other, and a metal rod (121) is arranged in the perforations (118).

6. The motor rotor according to claim 5, characterized in that the motor rotor (1) is provided with discs (122) at both ends, respectively, the discs (122) being connected with the metal rod (121).

7. An electric motor rotor as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that the rotor unit (111) is provided with heat sink grooves (119), adjacent to which heat sink grooves (119) are spliced to form heat sink holes on the rotor lamination (11), the disc (122) being provided with adapted through holes aligned with the heat sink holes.

8. An electric motor rotor according to claim 2, characterized in that a plurality of said clearance slots (112) are symmetrically arranged on said rotor unit (111).

9. An electric motor rotor according to claim 2, characterized in that the gap slots (112) of different sizes are provided in accordance with the air gap resultant magnetic field.

10. A permanent magnet synchronous motor, characterized in that a motor rotor according to any one of claims 1-9 is used.