CN219998298U - Battery pack and electric equipment - Google Patents

Battery pack and electric equipment Download PDF

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Publication number
CN219998298U
CN219998298U CN202320873287.3U CN202320873287U CN219998298U CN 219998298 U CN219998298 U CN 219998298U CN 202320873287 U CN202320873287 U CN 202320873287U CN 219998298 U CN219998298 U CN 219998298U
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switch
battery pack
battery
unit
kth
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叶正民
杨益
岳嘉
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Hunan Megmit Electric Technology Co ltd
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Hunan Megmit Electric Technology Co ltd
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Abstract

The utility model discloses a battery pack and electric equipment. The battery pack comprises N first units, N electric cores, a battery management system and a switch branch, wherein N is an integer more than or equal to 1. The N first units are connected to N electric cores through switch branches, and the N electric cores and the switch branches are also connected with a battery management system. The switch branch is used for responding to a control signal output by the battery management system to establish connection between a Kth battery cell in the N battery cells and a Kth first unit in the N first units so as to enable the Kth battery cell to discharge to the Kth first unit, wherein K is an integer less than or equal to N, and the control signal is generated by the battery management system based on the temperature or the voltage of the Kth battery cell. Through the mode, the probability of thermal runaway of the battery pack can be reduced, and the risk of occurrence of safety accidents is reduced.

Description

Battery pack and electric equipment
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a battery pack and electric equipment.
Background
The battery PACK is also called battery PACK, and generally refers to a combined battery, and mainly refers to processing and assembling of a lithium battery PACK. The battery pack is mainly characterized in that a battery core, a battery protection plate, a battery connecting sheet, label paper and the like are combined and processed into a product required by a customer through a battery pack process. The safety performance of a battery pack is an important index for evaluating the stability of the battery pack, wherein when the battery pack transmits thermal runaway, i.e., when excessive heat is generated inside the battery pack and cannot be controlled, the battery pack may be ignited or even exploded.
However, when the battery pack is out of control, the sampling mode is only to adopt early warning and alarming to remind people to evacuate, and the risk of safety accidents is still high in the mode.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to provide a battery pack and electric equipment, which can reduce the probability of thermal runaway of the battery pack and reduce the risk of safety accidents.
To achieve the above object, in a first aspect, the present utility model provides a battery pack comprising:
n first units, N electric cores, a battery management system and a switch branch, wherein N is an integer more than or equal to 1;
the N first units are connected to N electric cores through switch branches, and the N electric cores and the switch branches are also connected with a battery management system;
the switch branch is used for responding to a control signal output by the battery management system to establish connection between a Kth battery cell in the N battery cells and a Kth first unit in the N first units so as to enable the Kth battery cell to discharge to the Kth first unit, wherein K is an integer less than or equal to N, and the control signal is generated by the battery management system based on the temperature or the voltage of the Kth battery cell.
In an alternative way, the switching branch comprises M first switches, M being an integer > N;
the positive pole of the K first cell is connected to the positive pole of the K first unit through the K first switch in the M switches, the negative pole of the K first cell is connected to the negative pole of the K first unit through the K+1th first switch in the M switches, and the M first switches are also connected with the battery management system.
In an alternative, the battery pack further includes M resistors;
the Kth resistor of the M resistors is connected between the Kth first switch and the Kth first unit.
In an alternative mode, the N electric cores are sequentially connected in series, the positive poles of the N electric cores are the positive poles of the battery pack, and the negative poles of the N electric cores are the negative poles of the battery pack.
In an alternative mode, the N cells include J cells connected in series in turn and (N-J) cells connected in series in turn, where J is an integer less than N;
the first battery cell combination formed by connecting J battery cells in series is connected in parallel with the second battery cell combination formed by connecting (N-J) battery cells in series, the positive electrode of the first battery cell combination and the positive electrode of the second battery cell combination are connected to a first node, the negative electrode of the first battery cell combination and the negative electrode of the second battery cell combination are connected to a second node, the first node is the positive electrode of the battery pack, and the second node is the negative electrode of the battery pack.
In an alternative manner, the battery pack further includes a second switch and a third switch;
the first end of the second switch is connected with the first node, the first end of the third switch is connected with the second node, the second end of the second switch is connected with the second end of the third switch, and the second end of the second switch is the positive electrode of the battery pack.
In an alternative manner, the battery pack further includes a first current detection unit and a second current detection unit;
the first end of the first current detection unit is connected with the second end of the second switch, the first end of the second current detection unit is connected with the second end of the third switch, the second end of the first current detection unit is connected with the second end of the second current detection unit, and the second end of the first current detection unit is the positive electrode of the battery pack.
In an alternative way, the first unit is an energy storage unit for storing and releasing electrical energy, or the first unit is an energy consumption unit for consuming electrical energy.
In an alternative manner, the battery management system includes an acquisition unit and a first control unit;
the acquisition unit is connected with the N electric cores and is used for acquiring the temperatures and the voltages of the N electric cores;
the first control unit is connected with the acquisition unit and the switch branch, and is used for receiving the temperature and the voltage of the N electric cores and outputting a control signal to the switch branch based on the temperature or the voltage of the K electric core.
In a second aspect, the present utility model provides a powered device comprising a load and a battery pack as described above, the battery pack being configured to power the load.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows: the battery pack provided by the utility model comprises N first units, N electric cores, a battery management system and a switch branch, wherein N is an integer more than or equal to 1. The N first units are connected to the N electric cores through a switch branch, and the switch branch is also connected with the battery management system. The switch branch is used for responding to a control signal output by the battery management system to establish connection between a Kth battery cell and a Kth first unit in the N battery cells so as to enable the Kth battery cell to discharge to the Kth first unit, wherein K is less than or equal to N. The control signal is generated by the battery management system based on the temperature or voltage of the kth cell. Through the mode, when the temperature of the K-th electric core is too high or the voltage is too high, the battery management system can output a control system to the switch branch so as to establish connection between the K-th electric core and the K-th first unit in the N-th electric cores, so that the K-th electric core discharges to the K-th first unit, the probability of thermal runaway of the battery pack can be reduced, and the risk of occurrence of safety accidents is reduced.
Drawings
One or more embodiments are illustrated by way of example and not limitation in the figures of the accompanying drawings, in which like references indicate similar elements, and in which the figures of the drawings are not to be taken in a limiting sense, unless otherwise indicated.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present utility model;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a battery pack according to another embodiment of the present utility model;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a battery pack according to another embodiment of the present utility model;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an electric device according to an embodiment of the present utility model.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present utility model more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present utility model, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present utility model, but not all embodiments of the present utility model. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the utility model without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the utility model.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a structure of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the utility model. As shown in fig. 1, the battery pack 100 includes N first units, N electric cells, a battery management system 20 and a switch branch 10, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 1.
The N first units include a first unit A1, a second first unit A2 …, and AN nth first unit AN. The N electric cores comprise a first electric core B1, a second electric core B2 … and an N electric core BN. The N first units are connected to the N battery cells through the switch branch 10, and the N battery cells and the switch branch 10 are further connected to the battery management system 20. Specifically, the first unit A1 is connected to the first cell B1 through the switching branch 10, the second first unit A2 is connected to the second cell B2 … through the switching branch 10, and the nth first unit AN is connected to the nth cell BN through the switching branch 10. The nth cell BN of the first cell B1 and the second cell B2 … are all connected to the battery management system 20.
Specifically, the switching leg 10 is configured to establish a connection between a kth cell of the N cells and a kth first cell of the N first cells in response to a control signal output by the battery management system 20, so as to discharge the kth cell to the kth first cell. Where K is an integer equal to or less than N, and the control signal is generated by the battery management system 20 based on the temperature or voltage of the Kth cell.
In practical applications, the battery management system 20 can monitor the temperature and voltage of the nth cell BN of the first cell B1 and the second cell B2 … in real time. When the battery management system 20 determines that the temperature or voltage of the kth cell in the nth cell BN of the first cell B1 and the second cell B2 … meets a preset condition, the battery management system 20 generates a control signal and transmits the control signal to the switch branch 10. The preset condition is a condition that may cause thermal runaway of the battery pack, such as excessive temperature or excessive overvoltage of the kth battery cell. Then, after receiving the control signal, the switching leg 10 establishes a connection between the kth cell and the kth first unit, so that the kth cell discharges to the kth first unit. Furthermore, the temperature reduction or voltage reduction of the Kth cell can be facilitated, so that the probability of thermal runaway of the battery pack is reduced, and the risk of safety accidents is reduced.
For example, when the temperature of the first cell B1 is too high or the voltage is too high, the battery management system 20 outputs a control signal to control the switching branch 10 to establish a connection between the first cell B1 and the first cell A1, and the first cell B1 discharges to the first cell A1. Then, the probability of temperature or voltage decrease of the first cell B1 is improved, so that the probability of thermal runaway of the battery pack can be reduced.
Referring to fig. 2, a circuit structure of a battery pack is exemplarily shown in fig. 2.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the switch branch 10 includes M first switches, where M is an integer > N. The M first switches comprise a first switch S1, a second first switch S2, a third first switch S3 …, a J-th first switch SJ, a J+1th first switch SJ+1, a J+2th first switch SJ+2, a J+3rd first switch SJ+ …, an M-1 th first switch SM-1 and an M-th first switch SM. J is an integer < N.
The positive electrode of the kth battery cell is connected to the positive electrode of the kth first unit through the kth first switch in the M switches, the negative electrode of the kth battery cell is connected to the negative electrode of the kth first unit through the k+1th first switch in the M switches, and the M first switches are also connected with the battery management system 20.
Specifically, the positive electrode of the first cell B1 is connected to the positive electrode of the first unit A1 through the first switch S1, and the negative electrode of the first cell B1 is connected to the negative electrode of the first unit A1 through the second first switch S1; the positive pole of the second electric core B2 is connected to the positive pole of the second first unit A2 through the second first switch S2, the negative pole of the second electric core B2 is connected to the negative pole … of the second first unit A2 through the third first switch S3, the positive pole of the N-th electric core BN is connected to the positive pole of the N-th first unit AN through the N-th first switch SN, and the negative pole of the N-th electric core BN is connected to the negative pole of the N-th first unit AN through the M-th first switch S3. Wherein in this embodiment m=n+1.
In practical applications, taking an example when the battery management system 20 detects that the temperature or the voltage of the first battery cell B1 is too high, the battery management system 20 outputs a control signal to control the first switch S1 and the second first switch S2 to be closed. The first cell B1 forms a loop with the first cell A1, and the first cell B1 discharges to the first cell A1. In turn, the power of the first cell B1 is reduced, which can reduce the probability of thermal runaway of the battery pack.
In this embodiment, N cells are connected in series in turn. And the positive poles of the N electric cores are the positive poles of the battery pack, and the negative poles of the N electric cores are the negative poles of the battery pack.
Specifically, the first cell B1, the second cell B2, …, the J-th cell BJ, the j+1th cell bj+1, the j+2th cell bj+ …, and the nth cell are sequentially connected in series. The positive electrode (i.e., the third node P3) of the nth cell of the first cell B1, the second cell B2 …, the jth cell bj+1th cell bj+1, the jth+2nd cell bj+ … is the positive electrode of the battery pack 100. The negative electrode (i.e., the fourth node P4) of the nth cell of the first cell B1, the second cell B2 …, the jth cell bj+1th cell bj+1, the jth+2nd cell bj+ … is the negative electrode of the battery pack 100.
In one embodiment, the battery pack 100 further includes M resistors. The M resistors comprise a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a third resistor R3 …, a J-th resistor RJ, a J+1th resistor RJ+1, a J+2th resistor RJ+2, a J+3rd resistor RJ+ …, an Nth resistor RN and an Mth resistor RM.
The Kth resistor in the M resistors is connected between the Kth first switch and the Kth first unit. Specifically, the first resistor R1 is connected between the first switch S1 and the first unit A1, the second resistor R2 is connected between the second first switch S2 and the second first unit A2, and the nth resistor RN is … between the nth first switch SN and the nth first unit AN.
In this embodiment, by providing a resistor connected to each first switch, the resistor can perform a current limiting function, so that it is possible to prevent the first switch or the cell from being damaged due to excessive instantaneous current when each first switch is turned on.
In one embodiment, the battery management system 20 includes a collection unit 21 and a first control unit 22. The collecting unit 21 is connected with the N electric cores, that is, the collecting unit 21 is connected with the first electric core B1, the second electric core B2 …, the J-th electric core BJ, the j+1th electric core bj+1, the j+2th electric core bj+ …, and the nth electric core. The first control unit 22 is connected with the acquisition unit 21 and the switch branch 10, wherein the first control unit 22 is respectively connected with the first switch S1, the second first switch S2, the third first switch S3 …, the J-th first switch SJ, the j+1th first switch sj+1, the j+2th first switch sj+2, the j+3th first switch sj+ …, the M-1 th first switch SM-1 and the M-th first switch SM.
Specifically, the acquisition unit 21 is configured to acquire temperatures and voltages of the N electrical cores. The first control unit 22 is configured to receive the temperatures and voltages of the N cells, and output a control signal to the switch branch 10 based on the temperature or voltage of the kth cell.
Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a circuit structure of a battery pack according to another embodiment of the utility model. The battery pack shown in fig. 3 is the same as the battery pack shown in fig. 2 in that the battery pack also includes N cells and N first units, which are described in the above embodiments and are not described here again.
The first difference between the battery pack 100 shown in fig. 3 and the battery pack 100 shown in fig. 2 is that the N cells shown in fig. 3 are connected in series and parallel, and the N cells shown in fig. 2 are all connected in series.
Specifically, in one embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the N cells include J cells connected in series in turn and (N-J) cells connected in series in turn. The J-th battery cell comprises a first battery cell B1, a second battery cell B2 and … and a J-th battery cell BJ. The first cell B1 and the second cell B2 and … are connected in series in sequence. The (N-J) th cell includes a (J+1) th cell BJ+1, a (J+2) th cell BJ+2 … Nth cell BN. The (J+1) th electric core BJ+1 and the (J+2) th electric core BJ+2 …) nth electric core BN are sequentially connected in series.
The first cell combination formed by the series connection of J cells is connected in parallel with the second cell combination formed by the series connection of (N-J) cells. The positive electrode of the first cell combination and the positive electrode of the second cell combination are connected to a first node P1, the negative electrode of the first cell combination and the negative electrode of the second cell combination are connected to a second node P2, the first node P1 is the positive electrode of the battery pack 100, and the second node P2 is the negative electrode of the battery pack 100.
The battery pack 100 shown in fig. 3 is different from the battery pack 100 shown in fig. 2 in a second point that m=n+2 in the embodiment shown in fig. 3.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, two parallel branches of N cells are taken as an example, where the two parallel branches are a first parallel branch including J cells and a second parallel branch including (N-J) cells. M=n+2 at this time. In other embodiments, three or more parallel branches may be provided, so that M varies.
In an embodiment, the battery pack 100 shown in fig. 3 is different from the battery pack 100 shown in fig. 2 in that the battery pack 100 shown in fig. 3 further includes a second switch SA1 and a third switch SA2.
The first end of the second switch SA1 is connected to the first node P1, the first end of the third switch SA2 is connected to the second node P2, the second end of the second switch SA1 is connected to the second end of the third switch SA2, and the second end of the second switch SA1 is the positive electrode of the battery pack 100.
Specifically, the second switch SA1 and the third switch SA2 are used to disconnect the corresponding parallel branches. The second switch SA1 is used for disconnecting the first parallel branch comprising J cells, and the third switch SA2 is used for disconnecting the second parallel branch comprising (N-J) cells. Then, when any one of the N cells is controlled to discharge to the corresponding first unit, the parallel branch where the cell that discharges is disconnected by the second switch SA1 or the third switch SA2, so as to prevent the discharge between the two parallel branches from affecting the cell that is discharging.
In an embodiment, the battery pack 100 shown in fig. 3 is different from the battery pack 100 shown in fig. 2 in that the battery pack 100 shown in fig. 3 further includes a first current detecting unit 30 and a second current detecting unit 40.
The first end of the first current detecting unit 30 is connected to the second end of the second switch SA1, the first end of the second current detecting unit 40 is connected to the second end of the third switch SA2, the second end of the first current detecting unit 30 and the second end of the second current detecting unit 40 are connected to the fifth connection point P5, and the second end of the first current detecting unit 30 (i.e., the fifth connection point P5) is the positive electrode of the battery pack 100.
Specifically, the first current detection unit 30 is configured to detect a current on a first parallel branch including J cells, and the second current detection unit 40 is configured to detect a current on a second parallel branch including (N-J) cells.
In a practical example, the battery pack 100 shown in fig. 3 is different from the battery pack 100 shown in fig. 2 in that the battery management system 20 in the battery pack 100 shown in fig. 3 further includes the second control unit 23.
Specifically, the second control unit 23 is respectively connected to the first control unit 22 and the acquisition unit 21 in a communication manner, and the second control unit 23 is configured to control on and off of the second switch SA1 and the third switch SA2.
In some embodiments, the first unit in any embodiment of the present utility model is an energy storage unit for storing and releasing electric energy, or the first unit is an energy consumption unit for consuming electric energy.
When the first unit is an energy storage unit and the first switch connected with any cell is turned on, the corresponding cell can discharge to the first unit, or the first unit discharges to the cell (at this time, the cell is charged). When the first unit is an energy consumption unit, the corresponding battery core can discharge to the first unit when the first switch connected with any battery core is conducted.
For example, in one embodiment, when the first switch S1 is turned on and the second switch S1 is turned on, if the first unit is an energy storage unit, the first cell B1 discharges to the first unit A1 when the voltage of the first cell B1 is greater than the voltage of the first unit A1; when the voltage of the first cell B1 is smaller than the voltage of the first cell A1, the first cell A1 discharges to the first cell B1, and the first cell B1 is charged. If the first cell is an energy consumption cell, the first cell B1 discharges to the first cell A1.
The embodiment of the utility model also provides electric equipment, as shown in fig. 4, the electric equipment 1 comprises a battery pack 100 and a load 200. The load 200 may be an electrical device in the electrical consumer 1.
The powered device 1 may be any suitable device requiring power from the battery pack 100, such as a drone, an energy storage product, an electric tool, a two-wheeled vehicle, etc.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present utility model, and are not limiting; the technical features of the above embodiments or in the different embodiments may also be combined within the idea of the utility model, the steps may be implemented in any order, and there are many other variations of the different aspects of the utility model as described above, which are not provided in detail for the sake of brevity; although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the utility model.

Claims (10)

1. A battery pack, comprising:
n first units, N electric cores, a battery management system and a switch branch, wherein N is an integer more than or equal to 1;
the N first units are connected to the N electric cores through the switch branch, and the N electric cores and the switch branch are also connected with the battery management system;
the switch branch is used for responding to a control signal output by the battery management system to establish connection between a Kth electric core in the N electric cores and a Kth first unit in the N first units so as to enable the Kth electric core to discharge to the Kth first unit, wherein K is an integer less than or equal to N, and the control signal is generated by the battery management system based on the temperature or the voltage of the Kth electric core.
2. The battery pack of claim 1, wherein the switch leg comprises M first switches, M being an integer > N;
the positive pole of the K-th electric core is connected to the positive pole of the K-th first unit through the K-th first switch in the M first switches, the negative pole of the K-th electric core is connected to the negative pole of the K-th first unit through the K+1th first switch in the M first switches, and the M first switches are also connected with the battery management system.
3. The battery pack of claim 2, wherein the battery pack further comprises M resistors;
the Kth resistor of the M resistors is connected between the Kth first switch and the Kth first unit.
4. A battery pack according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the N cells are connected in series in sequence, and the positive electrode of the N cells is the positive electrode of the battery pack, and the negative electrode of the N cells is the negative electrode of the battery pack.
5. The battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the N cells include J cells connected in series in sequence and N-J cells connected in series in sequence, wherein J is an integer less than N;
the battery pack comprises a battery pack, and is characterized in that a first battery cell combination formed by connecting J battery cells in series and a second battery cell combination formed by connecting N-J battery cells in series are connected in parallel, the positive electrode of the first battery cell combination and the positive electrode of the second battery cell combination are connected to a first node, the negative electrode of the first battery cell combination and the negative electrode of the second battery cell combination are connected to a second node, the first node is the positive electrode of the battery pack, and the second node is the negative electrode of the battery pack.
6. The battery pack of claim 5, further comprising a second switch and a third switch;
the first end of the second switch is connected with the first node, the first end of the third switch is connected with the second node, the second end of the second switch is connected with the second end of the third switch, and the second end of the second switch is the positive electrode of the battery pack.
7. The battery pack according to claim 6, further comprising a first current detection unit and a second current detection unit;
the first end of the first current detection unit is connected with the second end of the second switch, the first end of the second current detection unit is connected with the second end of the third switch, the second end of the first current detection unit is connected with the second end of the second current detection unit, and the second end of the first current detection unit is the positive electrode of the battery pack.
8. The battery pack according to claim 1, wherein the first unit is an energy storage unit for storing and discharging electric energy, or the first unit is an energy consumption unit for consuming electric energy.
9. The battery pack of claim 1, wherein the battery management system comprises an acquisition unit and a first control unit;
the acquisition unit is connected with the N electric cores and is used for acquiring the temperatures and the voltages of the N electric cores;
the first control unit is connected with the acquisition unit and the switch branch, and is used for receiving the temperature and the voltage of the N electric cores and outputting the control signal to the switch branch based on the temperature or the voltage of the K electric core.
10. A powered device comprising a load and a battery pack as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, the battery pack being arranged to power the load.
CN202320873287.3U 2023-04-18 2023-04-18 Battery pack and electric equipment Active CN219998298U (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116344975A (en) * 2023-04-18 2023-06-27 湖南麦格米特电气技术有限公司 Battery pack control method, battery management system, battery pack and electric equipment

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116344975A (en) * 2023-04-18 2023-06-27 湖南麦格米特电气技术有限公司 Battery pack control method, battery management system, battery pack and electric equipment
CN116344975B (en) * 2023-04-18 2024-06-07 湖南麦格米特电气技术有限公司 Battery pack control method, battery management system, battery pack and electric equipment

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