CN219976111U - Metamaterial cell and structure with simultaneously controllable thermal expansion and poisson ratio - Google Patents
Metamaterial cell and structure with simultaneously controllable thermal expansion and poisson ratio Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a metamaterial cell and a structure with simultaneously adjustable thermal expansion and Poisson ratio, wherein the metamaterial cell with simultaneously adjustable thermal expansion and Poisson ratio comprises a main body unit and a plurality of thermal expansion units; the main body unit comprises a plurality of arc-shaped sections which are circumferentially arranged at intervals, the opening of each arc-shaped section faces outwards, and a connecting section is connected between two adjacent arc-shaped sections; the plurality of thermal expansion units are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of arc sections, each thermal expansion unit comprises two adjusting sections connected with each other in an included angle mode and a matching section connected with the two adjusting sections simultaneously, the thermal expansion coefficients of the matching section and the two adjusting sections are different, and the connecting parts of the two adjusting sections are connected with the concave parts of the corresponding arc sections. The cell that this scheme provided can regulate and control thermal expansion and poisson's ratio simultaneously, has strengthened stability and practicality, and the setting of arc section also can reduce stress concentration, satisfies the precision instrument that works in harsh environment and maintains the demand of shape stability.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of metamaterial, in particular to a metamaterial cell and a structure with simultaneously adjustable thermal expansion and Poisson ratio.
Background
The mechanical metamaterial with reasonable structural design can have special performance which the traditional material cannot have, and has important engineering application value. For example, the performances such as adjustable thermal expansion coefficient, adjustable poisson ratio, light weight, high rigidity and the like can be widely used in engineering practice. On the one hand, in the environment with severe temperature variation, materials and structures can bear larger thermal stress to generate thermal deformation, so that the working precision of the precision instrument is reduced and even damaged. For example, when the thermal protection system of the ultra-high sound velocity aircraft enters the atmosphere, aerodynamic heat generates higher temperature on the surface of the thermal protection system, so that the design of the thermal protection system with extremely small thermal expansion coefficient is beneficial to reducing thermal stress and avoiding thermal coupling failure damage. In-orbit satellites in operation experience large temperature differences, and larger thermal deformations affect imaging accuracy. And the mechanical metamaterial with adjustable thermal expansion performance is expected to maintain the working stability of the precise instrument in the environment with severe temperature change.
On the other hand, the poisson ratio-adjustable metamaterial has many applications in many fields due to the special auxetic properties. The active deformation negative poisson ratio honeycomb structure can be used for driving the thickness adjustment of the variant wing, and has the characteristics of active deformation, smooth and continuous deformation, light weight, space saving and the like for the variant wing. In the medical field, a zero poisson's ratio structure can be used to fabricate vascular stents to protect vascular tissue. The porous characteristics can be utilized to manufacture a light high-strength interlayer negative poisson ratio structure for energy absorption to protect a space unfolding mechanism in the aerospace field. For example, patent CN 114888949A discloses a bi-directional negative poisson's ratio structure which is capable of achieving a negative poisson's ratio effect in both directions by varying the geometric parameters of the deformed triangle, the modulus of elasticity of the inclusions and the number of inclusion holes. However, this structure lacks the ability to cope with thermal deformation induced by a temperature field. Therefore, it is necessary to design metamaterials with thermal expansion and poisson's ratio that can be simultaneously regulated.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the foregoing, it is necessary to provide a metamaterial cell and structure capable of simultaneously controlling thermal expansion and poisson ratio, so as to solve the technical problem that the metamaterial in the prior art cannot effectively control thermal deformation caused by a temperature field and deformation caused by a force field at the same time, and design a metamaterial capable of simultaneously controlling thermal expansion and poisson ratio is needed.
The utility model provides a metamaterial cell with simultaneously adjustable thermal expansion and poisson ratio, which comprises:
the main body unit comprises a plurality of arc-shaped sections, the plurality of arc-shaped sections are arranged at intervals in the circumference, the opening of each arc-shaped section faces outwards, and a connecting section is connected between two adjacent arc-shaped sections, so that the main body unit has a negative poisson ratio effect; the method comprises the steps of,
the plurality of thermal expansion units are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of arc-shaped sections, each thermal expansion unit comprises two adjusting sections connected in an included angle mode and a matching section connected with the two adjusting sections at the same time, the thermal expansion coefficients of the matching section and the two adjusting sections are different, and the connecting positions of the two adjusting sections are connected with the corresponding concave portions of the arc-shaped sections.
Optionally, the connection of the two adjustment sections is connected to the midpoint of the corresponding arc-shaped section.
Optionally, the matching section and the two adjusting sections are enclosed together to form a triangle structure, and the elevation line of the joint of the triangle structure and the two adjusting sections is a regulating elevation line;
the radial line at the middle point of the corresponding arc-shaped section is a regulating radial line, and the regulating radial line coincides with the regulating high line.
Optionally, the lengths of the two adjusting sections are the same, and the matching section and the two adjusting sections are connected end to end in sequence.
Optionally, one end of each adjusting section, which is far away from the corresponding arc section, is an extending end, and the extending end extends out of the opening of the corresponding arc section;
each of the mating segments is connected to a corresponding one of the projecting ends.
Optionally, the number of the arc-shaped sections is four, and the four arc-shaped sections are circumferentially arranged at equal intervals;
each connecting section comprises two connecting rods which are vertically connected, and the two connecting rods are correspondingly connected with two adjacent arc-shaped sections.
Optionally, each arc-shaped section is arranged in a semicircle.
Optionally, the plurality of arcuate segments and the plurality of connecting segments have the same coefficient of thermal expansion.
Optionally, the material of the main body unit is aluminum alloy.
In addition, the utility model also provides a metamaterial structure with the simultaneously controllable thermal expansion and poisson ratio, which comprises a plurality of metamaterial cells with the simultaneously controllable thermal expansion and poisson ratio, wherein the metamaterial cells with the simultaneously controllable thermal expansion and poisson ratio are connected in a body-center orthogonal mode.
Compared with the prior art, in the metamaterial cell with the thermal expansion and poisson ratio capable of being regulated and controlled simultaneously, when the cell is transversely subjected to tensile load, the corresponding arc-shaped section expands longitudinally; and when the cell is transversely subjected to compression load, the corresponding arc-shaped section can shrink in the longitudinal direction, so that the cell has a negative poisson ratio effect, and the size of the negative poisson ratio can be regulated and controlled by reasonably designing the length of the connecting section and the radius of the arc-shaped section, so that the deformation caused by a force field can be effectively processed, and the shape stability of the structure is maintained.
Meanwhile, the thermal expansion coefficient (alpha 1) of the adjusting section and the thermal expansion coefficient (alpha 2) of the matching section are set to be unequal, so that when the external temperature changes, the adjusting section and the matching section generate coordinated thermal deformation to offset deformation caused by expansion of the material. When the external temperature is increased and alpha 1 is more than alpha 2, the elongation of the matching section is smaller than that of the adjusting section, so that the height of the thermal expansion unit is increased, and the positive thermal expansion effect is shown; when the external temperature is increased and alpha 1 is smaller than alpha 2, the elongation of the matching section is larger than that of the adjusting section, so that the height of the thermal expansion unit is reduced, and the negative thermal expansion effect is shown; the thermal expansion coefficient can be regulated and controlled by changing the included angle between the regulating section and the matching section or by materials. Therefore, the cell provided by the scheme can regulate and control thermal expansion and poisson ratio simultaneously, stability and practicability are enhanced, and the arrangement of the arc-shaped section can also reduce stress concentration, so that the requirement of maintaining shape stability of a precision instrument working in a severe environment is met.
The foregoing description is only an overview of the present utility model, and is intended to provide a better understanding of the present utility model, as it is embodied in the following description, with reference to the preferred embodiments of the present utility model and its details set forth in the accompanying drawings. Specific embodiments of the present utility model are given in detail by the following examples and the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the utility model and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the utility model and together with the description serve to explain the utility model and do not constitute a limitation on the utility model. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a metamaterial cell with simultaneously controllable thermal expansion and Poisson's ratio according to the present utility model;
FIG. 2 is a schematic front view of a metamaterial cell in FIG. 1 with thermal expansion and Poisson's ratio simultaneously controllable;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the main unit in FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the thermal expansion unit of FIG. 2;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a metamaterial structure with simultaneous thermal expansion and poisson's ratio regulation.
Reference numerals illustrate:
the metamaterial cell with the controllable 100-thermal expansion and poisson ratio, the 1-main body unit, the 11-arc-shaped section, the 12-connecting section, the 121-connecting rod, the 2-thermal expansion unit, the 21-adjusting section, the 211-extending end, the 22-matching section and the metamaterial structure with the controllable 200-thermal expansion and poisson ratio.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of preferred embodiments of the utility model is made in connection with the accompanying drawings, which form a part hereof, and together with the description of the embodiments of the utility model, are used to explain the principles of the utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of the utility model.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, a metamaterial cell 100 with simultaneously controllable thermal expansion and poisson ratio includes a main body unit 1 and a plurality of thermal expansion units 2; the main body unit 1 comprises a plurality of arc-shaped sections 11, the plurality of arc-shaped sections 11 are arranged at intervals in the circumference, the opening of each arc-shaped section 11 faces outwards, and a connecting section 12 is connected between two adjacent arc-shaped sections 11, so that the main body unit 1 has a negative poisson ratio effect; the plurality of thermal expansion units 2 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of arc-shaped sections 11, each thermal expansion unit 2 comprises two adjusting sections 21 connected in an included angle manner and a matching section 22 connected with the two adjusting sections 21 at the same time, the thermal expansion coefficients of the matching section 22 and the two adjusting sections 21 are different, and the connecting part of the two adjusting sections 21 is connected with the concave part of the corresponding arc-shaped section 11.
In the metamaterial cell 100 with simultaneously controllable thermal expansion and poisson ratio, when the cell is transversely subjected to tensile load, the corresponding arc-shaped section 11 expands longitudinally; and when the cell is transversely subjected to compression load, the corresponding arc-shaped section 11 is contracted in the longitudinal direction, so that the cell has a negative poisson ratio effect, and the size of the negative poisson ratio can be regulated and controlled by reasonably designing the length of the connecting section 12 and the radius of the arc-shaped section 11, so that the deformation caused by a force field can be effectively processed, and the shape stability of the structure is maintained.
Meanwhile, the thermal expansion coefficient (α1) of the adjusting section 21 and the thermal expansion coefficient (α2) of the matching section 22 are set to be unequal, so that when the external temperature changes, the adjusting section 21 and the matching section 22 undergo coordinated thermal deformation to counteract deformation caused by expansion of the material itself. When the external temperature is increased and alpha 1 is more than alpha 2, the elongation of the matching section 22 is smaller than that of the adjusting section 21, so that the height of the thermal expansion unit 2 is increased, and the positive thermal expansion effect is shown; when the external temperature is increased and alpha 1 is smaller than alpha 2, the elongation of the matching section 22 is larger than that of the adjusting section 21, so that the height of the thermal expansion unit 2 is reduced, and the negative thermal expansion effect is shown; the thermal expansion coefficient can be regulated and controlled by changing the included angle between the adjusting section 21 and the matching section 22 or by materials. Therefore, the cell provided by the scheme can regulate and control thermal expansion and poisson ratio simultaneously, stability and practicability are enhanced, and the arrangement of the arc-shaped section 11 can also reduce stress concentration, so that the requirement of maintaining shape stability of a precision instrument working in a severe environment is met.
Further, in the present embodiment, the connection of the two adjustment sections 21 is connected to the midpoint of the corresponding arc-shaped section 11. Specifically, the matching section 22 and the two adjusting sections 21 are enclosed together to form a triangular structure, and the elevation line of the triangular structure at the joint of the two adjusting sections 21 is a regulating elevation line; the radial line at the middle point of the corresponding arc-shaped section 11 is a regulating radial line, and the regulating radial line is coincident with the regulating high line. That is, in the present embodiment, each thermal expansion unit 2 is connected to the midpoint of the corresponding arc segment 11, and the matching segment 22 and the two adjusting segments 21 form a triangular structure, and when the connection between the triangular structure and the corresponding arc segment 11 is taken as the vertex, the high line of the triangular structure coincides with the radial line of the corresponding arc segment 11 at the midpoint, so that the cell stability is further increased. Further, the two adjusting sections 21 have the same length, and the matching section 22 is connected with the two adjusting sections 21 end to end in sequence. That is, the triangular structure is provided as an isosceles triangle structure.
In the example of the drawing, the control high line of the triangular structure is shown as h, and the control radial line of the arc segment 11 is shown as r.
Further, one end of each adjusting section 21 far away from the corresponding arc-shaped section 11 is an extending end 211, and the extending end 211 extends out of the opening of the corresponding arc-shaped section 11; each mating segment 22 is connected to a corresponding projecting end 211. In the present embodiment, the fitting section 22 is located outside the opening of the corresponding arc-shaped section 11 so that the thermal expansion unit 2 has a sufficient deformation space.
Further, in the present embodiment, four arc segments 11 are provided, and the four arc segments 11 are circumferentially arranged at equal intervals; each connecting section 12 comprises two connecting rods 121 which are vertically connected, and the two connecting rods 121 are correspondingly connected with two adjacent arc-shaped sections 11. Specifically, each arcuate segment 11 is arranged in a semicircle. Therefore, the main body unit 1 is arranged in a central symmetry manner, and the stability of the whole structure is further enhanced. And in order to avoid the influence of temperature on the negative poisson's ratio effect of the main body unit 1, in this embodiment, the thermal expansion coefficients of the plurality of arc-shaped sections 11 and the plurality of connection sections 12 are the same. Specifically, the main body unit 1 is made of aluminum alloy.
In addition, referring to fig. 5, the present utility model further provides a metamaterial structure 200 with simultaneously controllable thermal expansion and poisson ratio, where the metamaterial structure 200 with simultaneously controllable thermal expansion and poisson ratio includes a plurality of metamaterial cells 100 with simultaneously controllable thermal expansion and poisson ratio as described in any one of the above, and the plurality of metamaterial cells 100 with simultaneously controllable thermal expansion and poisson ratio are connected in a body-centered orthogonal manner.
It should be noted that, the detailed structure of the metamaterial cell 100 with the simultaneously controllable thermal expansion and poisson ratio of the metamaterial structure 200 with the simultaneously controllable thermal expansion and poisson ratio may refer to the embodiment of the metamaterial cell 100 with the simultaneously controllable thermal expansion and poisson ratio, which is not described herein; because the metamaterial cell 100 with the simultaneously adjustable thermal expansion and poisson ratio is used in the metamaterial structure 200 with the simultaneously adjustable thermal expansion and poisson ratio, the embodiment of the metamaterial structure 200 with the simultaneously adjustable thermal expansion and poisson ratio comprises all the technical schemes of all the embodiments of the metamaterial cell 100 with the simultaneously adjustable thermal expansion and poisson ratio, and the achieved technical effects are identical and are not repeated herein.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, three metamaterial cells 100 with thermal expansion and poisson ratio capable of being regulated and controlled simultaneously are provided, and the three metamaterial cells 100 with thermal expansion and poisson ratio capable of being regulated and controlled simultaneously are connected in a body-centered orthogonal manner, so that isotropy of the whole structure is realized in three coordinate axis directions, and stability and practicability of the structure are further improved.
The present utility model is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily understood by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present utility model are intended to be included in the scope of the present utility model.
Claims (10)
1. A metamaterial cell with simultaneously controllable thermal expansion and poisson's ratio, comprising:
the main body unit comprises a plurality of arc-shaped sections, the plurality of arc-shaped sections are arranged at intervals in the circumference, the opening of each arc-shaped section faces outwards, and a connecting section is connected between two adjacent arc-shaped sections, so that the main body unit has a negative poisson ratio effect; the method comprises the steps of,
the plurality of thermal expansion units are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of arc-shaped sections, each thermal expansion unit comprises two adjusting sections connected in an included angle mode and a matching section connected with the two adjusting sections at the same time, the thermal expansion coefficients of the matching section and the two adjusting sections are different, and the connecting positions of the two adjusting sections are connected with the corresponding concave portions of the arc-shaped sections.
2. The metamaterial cell with simultaneously controllable thermal expansion and poisson's ratio according to claim 1, wherein the junction of two of the tuning sections is connected to the midpoint of the corresponding arc-shaped section.
3. The metamaterial cell with simultaneously controllable thermal expansion and poisson ratio according to claim 2, wherein the matching section and the two adjusting sections are enclosed together to form a triangular structure, and a high line at the joint of the two adjusting sections of the triangular structure is a regulating high line;
the radial line at the middle point of the corresponding arc-shaped section is a regulating radial line, and the regulating radial line coincides with the regulating high line.
4. A metamaterial cell with simultaneously controllable thermal expansion and poisson ratio according to claim 3, wherein the lengths of the two adjusting sections are the same, and the matching section and the two adjusting sections are connected end to end in sequence.
5. The metamaterial cell with simultaneously controllable thermal expansion and poisson ratio according to claim 1, wherein one end of each adjusting section away from the corresponding arc section is an extending end, and the extending end extends out of the opening of the corresponding arc section;
each of the mating segments is connected to a corresponding one of the projecting ends.
6. The metamaterial cell with simultaneously controllable thermal expansion and poisson ratio according to claim 1, wherein four arc-shaped sections are arranged at equal intervals in a circumference;
each connecting section comprises two connecting rods which are vertically connected, and the two connecting rods are correspondingly connected with two adjacent arc-shaped sections.
7. The metamaterial cell with simultaneously controllable thermal expansion and poisson's ratio according to claim 6, wherein each of the arc segments is arranged in a semicircle.
8. The metamaterial cell with simultaneously controllable thermal expansion and poisson's ratio according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of arcuate segments and the plurality of connecting segments have the same coefficient of thermal expansion.
9. The metamaterial cell with simultaneously controllable thermal expansion and poisson ratio according to claim 1, wherein the main body unit is made of aluminum alloy.
10. A metamaterial structure with simultaneously controllable thermal expansion and poisson ratio, which is characterized by comprising a plurality of metamaterial cells with simultaneously controllable thermal expansion and poisson ratio as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the plurality of metamaterial cells with simultaneously controllable thermal expansion and poisson ratio are connected in a body-centered orthogonal manner.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN118637079A (en) * | 2024-08-16 | 2024-09-13 | 北京理工大学 | Zero thermal expansion satellite bearing structure and satellite |
| CN118637077A (en) * | 2024-08-16 | 2024-09-13 | 北京理工大学 | Quasi-zero stiffness spacecraft structure |
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- 2023-02-10 CN CN202320220073.6U patent/CN219976111U/en active Active
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN118637079A (en) * | 2024-08-16 | 2024-09-13 | 北京理工大学 | Zero thermal expansion satellite bearing structure and satellite |
| CN118637077A (en) * | 2024-08-16 | 2024-09-13 | 北京理工大学 | Quasi-zero stiffness spacecraft structure |
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