CN219936569U - A teaching device for structural dynamic characteristics - Google Patents
A teaching device for structural dynamic characteristics Download PDFInfo
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- CN219936569U CN219936569U CN202321161295.1U CN202321161295U CN219936569U CN 219936569 U CN219936569 U CN 219936569U CN 202321161295 U CN202321161295 U CN 202321161295U CN 219936569 U CN219936569 U CN 219936569U
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 79
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 79
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
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Abstract
Description
技术领域Technical field
本实用新型涉及建筑教学装置技术领域,具体涉及一种结构动力特性教学装置。The utility model relates to the technical field of architectural teaching devices, in particular to a structural dynamic characteristics teaching device.
背景技术Background technique
在土木工程专业课程的教学过程中,结构的动力特性是教学中不可或缺的章节之一。但是由于其概念抽象,难以在理论课程的教学过程中让学生充分理解影响动力特性的三项因素:刚度、阻尼、质量。课本文字知识的理解相对枯燥且难以真正理解,而通过另外的实践课程来进行学习,其时间跨度往往较长,且试验装置的尺寸较大,试验成本较高,如装置CN203562132U。In the teaching process of civil engineering professional courses, the dynamic characteristics of structures is one of the indispensable chapters in teaching. However, due to its abstract concept, it is difficult to allow students to fully understand the three factors that affect dynamic characteristics during the teaching process of theoretical courses: stiffness, damping, and mass. The understanding of textbook text knowledge is relatively boring and difficult to truly understand. Learning through additional practical courses often takes a long time span, and the test device is larger in size and the test cost is higher, such as the device CN203562132U.
实用新型内容Utility model content
为了克服以上技术存在的问题,本实用新型的目的在于提供一种结构动力特性教学装置,具有体积小、重量轻、携带方便、安装操作简单的特点;In order to overcome the problems existing in the above technology, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a structural dynamic characteristics teaching device, which has the characteristics of small size, light weight, easy portability, and simple installation and operation;
由于装置尺寸较小,可由教师在课堂展示,从而真正意义上看到和感受到刚度、阻尼、质量对结构动力特性的影响。Due to the small size of the device, teachers can display it in the classroom, so that they can truly see and feel the effects of stiffness, damping, and mass on the dynamic characteristics of the structure.
为了实现上述目的,本实用新型采用的技术方案是:In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is:
一种结构动力特性教学装置,包括装置一和装置二,所述装置一包括底部带有螺栓孔的底板1,所述底板1表面开有梯形体2,梯形体2上安装有长短不一的钢条3,钢条3顶部为正方体4;A teaching device for structural dynamic characteristics, including device 1 and device 2. The device 1 includes a base plate 1 with bolt holes at the bottom. The base plate 1 has a trapezoidal body 2 on its surface. The trapezoidal body 2 is equipped with various lengths. Steel bar 3, the top of steel bar 3 is cube 4;
所述装置二包括底部和顶部的U形厚钢板6,U形厚钢板6通过两侧的薄钢板5连接,形成方框结构,所述U形厚钢板6上设置外伸阻尼器支架8,上方的外伸阻尼器支架8和下方的外伸阻尼器支架8呈轴对称结构,所述外伸阻尼器支架8之间设置注射器7。The second device includes U-shaped thick steel plates 6 at the bottom and top. The U-shaped thick steel plates 6 are connected by the thin steel plates 5 on both sides to form a square frame structure. The U-shaped thick steel plates 6 are provided with an overhanging damper bracket 8. The upper extending damper bracket 8 and the lower extending damper bracket 8 have an axially symmetrical structure, and a syringe 7 is arranged between the extending damper brackets 8 .
所述装置一用于分析结构动力三因素中的质量和刚度,装置二用于分析结构动力三因素中的阻尼。The first device is used to analyze the mass and stiffness among the three factors of structural dynamics, and the second device is used to analyze the damping among the three factors of structural dynamics.
所述底板1上开设有螺栓孔二13,且上方的梯形体2上开设有凹槽11,凹槽11的尺寸于钢条3尺寸一致,可使钢条3正好插入凹槽11,并通过梯形体2背后的螺栓孔一10拧紧螺栓进行对钢条3的固定,钢条3顶部有支撑12,支撑12用于将不同材料的正方体4方块进行固定。The bottom plate 1 is provided with bolt holes 13, and the upper trapezoidal body 2 is provided with a groove 11. The size of the groove 11 is consistent with the size of the steel bar 3, so that the steel bar 3 can be inserted into the groove 11 and passed through. Tighten the bolts in the bolt holes 10 on the back of the trapezoidal body 2 to fix the steel bar 3. There is a support 12 on the top of the steel bar 3. The support 12 is used to fix the cubes 4 of different materials.
所述U形厚钢板6与薄钢板5通过四组螺栓9连接固定成一个矩形体,U形厚钢板6上有螺栓孔三14,螺栓孔三14中间焊接有外伸阻尼器支架8,上下两个外伸阻尼器支架8中粘结有一个注射器7。粘结于两外伸阻尼器支架8之间的注射器7作阻尼器使用。The U-shaped thick steel plate 6 and the thin steel plate 5 are connected and fixed into a rectangular body by four sets of bolts 9. There are bolt holes 14 on the U-shaped thick steel plate 6, and an overhanging damper bracket 8 is welded in the middle of the bolt hole 3 14, up and down. A syringe 7 is bonded in the two overhanging damper brackets 8 . The syringe 7 bonded between the two extending damper brackets 8 is used as a damper.
所述钢条3分为长,中,短三种尺寸,其中长钢条和短钢条各有一条,中钢条有四条,共六条。The steel bars 3 are divided into three sizes: long, medium and short. Among them, there are one long steel bar and one short steel bar each, and there are four medium steel bars, totaling six.
所述正方体4方块由铝、铜、钨三种材料制成,其中铝方块和钨方块个一个,铜方块三个,共六个,所述钢条3与梯形体2之间可随时拆卸。The four cubes are made of three materials: aluminum, copper and tungsten. Among them, there is one aluminum square and one tungsten cube, and three copper cubes, a total of six. The steel bar 3 and the trapezoidal body 2 can be disassembled at any time.
所述装置一底板1上的螺栓孔二13和装置二U形厚钢板6的螺栓孔三14尺寸一致且装置二螺栓孔间距是螺栓孔一间距的两倍。方便两装置可同时设定在一个带有螺栓孔的振动台上。The bolt holes 13 on the bottom plate 1 of the device 1 are the same size as the bolt holes 14 of the U-shaped thick steel plate 6 of the device 2, and the distance between the bolt holes of the device 2 is twice the distance of the bolt holes 1. Conveniently, two devices can be set on a vibration table with bolt holes at the same time.
所诉装置一、二不仅可以用人力进行简要实验展示,也可通过底部的螺栓孔与专业振动台连接进行专业实验展示,装置一可用于分析结构动力三因素中的质量和刚度,装置二可用于分析结构动力三因素中的阻尼,两装置一起使用可使教师充分进行结构动力特性教学讲解。The complained devices one and two can not only be used for brief experimental demonstrations by manpower, but can also be connected to a professional vibration table through the bolt holes at the bottom for professional experimental demonstrations. Device one can be used to analyze the mass and stiffness of the three factors of structural dynamics, and device two can be used For analyzing the damping among the three factors of structural dynamics, the two devices can be used together to enable teachers to fully explain the structural dynamic characteristics.
本实用新型的有益效果:Beneficial effects of this utility model:
1、便携性好1. Good portability
本实用新型的结构简单,零部件少,体积小,重量轻,装置可拆分为不同的组件,携带方便,安装操作简单。可由教师独自带入课堂随理论教学一起进行,其教学效果更好。The utility model has a simple structure, few parts, small size, and light weight. The device can be split into different components, is easy to carry, and is simple to install and operate. It can be brought into the classroom by the teacher alone and carried out along with theoretical teaching, and the teaching effect will be better.
2、成本低廉2. Low cost
装置结构简单,零部件少,体积小,重量轻,其加工成本较低;另外,若有组件损坏,仅需对损坏组件更换即可,节省了维修成本。装置零件相对常见,以装置二中注射器为例,相比专业阻尼器,注射器不仅可满足该装置实验效果。The device has a simple structure, few parts, small size, light weight, and low processing cost; in addition, if any components are damaged, only the damaged components need to be replaced, saving maintenance costs. Device parts are relatively common. Take the syringe in Device 2 as an example. Compared with professional dampers, the syringe can not only meet the experimental results of the device.
3、专业性强3. Strong professionalism
该装置不仅可用于课堂上的展示,还可由底板上的螺栓固定于专业的振动台上进行实验展示。This device can not only be used for classroom display, but can also be fixed on a professional shaking table by the bolts on the base plate for experimental display.
4、实践度高4. High degree of practice
试验过程中,可由教师安排进行各种创意教学,如在对比实验中让学生猜测材料的属性,或者告诉学生材料属性让学生猜测实验的情况等,教师可根据自己的想法自由发挥该装置的优点用于教学。During the experiment, teachers can arrange various creative teachings, such as asking students to guess the properties of materials in comparative experiments, or telling students the properties of materials to let students guess the conditions of the experiment, etc. Teachers can freely use the advantages of the device according to their own ideas. Used for teaching.
附图说明Description of the drawings
图1是本实用新型的装置一。Figure 1 is device one of the present utility model.
图2是本实用新型的装置二。Figure 2 is device two of the present utility model.
图3是本实用新型的装置一主要部分示意图。Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a main part of the device of the present invention.
图4是本实用新型的装置二主要部分示意图。Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the second main part of the device of the present invention.
附图标记释义:Explanation of reference signs:
底板1;梯形体2;钢条3;正方体方块4;薄钢板5;U形厚钢板6;注射器7;外伸阻尼器支架8;螺栓9;梯形体背面的螺栓孔一10;梯形体凹槽11;钢条顶部的支撑12;装置一底板上的螺栓孔二13;U形钢板的螺栓孔三14。Bottom plate 1; trapezoidal body 2; steel bar 3; cube block 4; thin steel plate 5; U-shaped thick steel plate 6; syringe 7; extended damper bracket 8; bolt 9; bolt hole 10 on the back of the trapezoidal body; trapezoidal body concave Slot 11; support 12 at the top of the steel bar; bolt hole 2 13 on the bottom plate of the device; bolt hole 3 14 of the U-shaped steel plate.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合实施例对本实用新型作进一步详细说明。The utility model will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the examples.
参考图1~图4,本实用新型为一种结构动力特性教学装置,包括:Referring to Figures 1 to 4, the utility model is a structural dynamic characteristics teaching device, including:
底板1有两个上开设有螺栓孔二13,且上方的梯形体2上开设有凹槽11,凹槽的尺寸于钢条3尺寸一致,可使钢条正好插入凹槽,并通过梯形体背后的螺栓孔一10拧紧螺栓进行对钢条的固定。钢条顶部有支撑12用于将不同材料的正方体方块4进行固定。There are two bolt holes 13 on the bottom plate 1, and a groove 11 is provided on the upper trapezoidal body 2. The size of the groove is consistent with the size of the steel bar 3, so that the steel bar can be inserted into the groove and passed through the trapezoidal body. Tighten the bolt hole 10 on the back to fix the steel bar. There is a support 12 on the top of the steel bar for fixing the cube blocks 4 of different materials.
U形厚钢板6与薄钢板5通过四组螺栓9连接固定成一个矩形体,U形厚钢板上有螺栓孔三14,螺栓孔中间焊接有外伸阻尼器支架8,上下两个外伸阻尼器支架中粘结有一个注射器7。The U-shaped thick steel plate 6 and the thin steel plate 5 are connected and fixed into a rectangular body by four sets of bolts 9. There are bolt holes 314 on the U-shaped thick steel plate, and an overhanging damper bracket 8 is welded in the middle of the bolt hole. The upper and lower overhanging dampers A syringe 7 is bonded in the syringe holder.
钢条3分为长,中,短三种尺寸,其中长钢条和短钢条各有一条,中钢条有四条。The steel bars 3 are divided into three sizes: long, medium and short. Among them, there are one long steel bar and one short steel bar each, and there are four medium steel bars.
正方体方块4由铝、铜、钨三种材料制成。其中铝方块和钨方块个一个,铜方块四个。The cube block 4 is made of three materials: aluminum, copper, and tungsten. There is one aluminum cube, one tungsten cube, and four copper cubes.
钢条3与梯形体2之间可随时拆卸和重新排列。The steel bar 3 and the trapezoidal body 2 can be disassembled and rearranged at any time.
粘结于两外伸阻尼器支架8之间的注射器9作阻尼器使用。The syringe 9 bonded between the two extending damper brackets 8 is used as a damper.
底板1上的螺栓孔二13和装置二U形厚钢板6的螺栓孔尺寸14一致且装置二螺栓孔间距是螺栓孔一间距的两倍。The bolt hole two 13 on the base plate 1 is consistent with the bolt hole size 14 of the U-shaped thick steel plate 6 of the device two, and the distance between the bolt holes of the device two is twice the distance of the bolt holes one.
装置一、二不仅可以用人力进行简要实验展示,也可通过底部的螺栓孔与专业振动台连接进行专业实验展示。Devices 1 and 2 can not only perform brief experimental demonstrations manually, but can also be connected to a professional shaking table through the bolt holes at the bottom for professional experimental demonstrations.
本实用新型具体安装方法为:The specific installation method of this utility model is:
装置一安装方法:将两底板1平放,在一个底板1上的梯形体2按长,中,短的顺序插入钢条3,同时钢条3上都通过支撑粘结铜正方体方块4。另一个底板1上的梯形体2中全部插入中等长度的三根钢条3,三根钢条3上分别粘结铝、铜、钨三种材料的正方体方块。在梯形体2中插入钢条3后,要通过梯形体2背面的螺栓孔拧紧螺栓对钢条3进行固定。Installation method of device 1: lay the two base plates 1 flat, insert the steel bars 3 into the trapezoidal body 2 on one base plate 1 in the order of long, medium and short, and at the same time, the copper cubes 4 are bonded to the steel bars 3 through supports. Three medium-length steel bars 3 are inserted into the trapezoidal body 2 on the other base plate 1. Cube blocks of aluminum, copper, and tungsten are respectively bonded to the three steel bars 3. After inserting the steel bar 3 into the trapezoidal body 2, tighten the bolts through the bolt holes on the back of the trapezoidal body 2 to fix the steel bar 3.
装置二安装方法:通过一组四个螺栓将两个U形厚钢板6和薄钢板5连接成一个矩形体,安装两组矩形体,并将其中一个矩形体两个的外伸阻尼器支架8中间通过胶水的方式将注射器7粘结固定。Installation method of device 2: Connect two U-shaped thick steel plates 6 and thin steel plates 5 into a rectangular body through a set of four bolts, install two sets of rectangular bodies, and attach two outgoing damper brackets 8 to one of the rectangular bodies. The syringe 7 is bonded and fixed with glue in the middle.
本实用新型的使用方法:How to use this utility model:
装置一安装完成后,对两组装置分别都进行不同频率的摇晃,观察钢条3的晃动情况,分析刚度和质量对结构动力特性的影响对两组装置分别都进行不同频率的摇晃,观察钢条的晃动情况,晃动频率较低时,刚度较大的钢条即短钢条和质量较轻的钢条即粘结铝立方体的钢条晃动剧烈,晃动频率较高时,刚度较小的钢条即长钢条和质量较重的钢条即粘结钨立方体的钢条晃动剧烈。开始晃动时,装置展示出的效果直观明了,方便学生观察和理解。After the installation of the device is completed, shake the two sets of devices at different frequencies, observe the shaking of the steel bar 3, and analyze the impact of stiffness and mass on the dynamic characteristics of the structure. Shake the two sets of devices at different frequencies, and observe the steel bar 3. The shaking of the bars. When the shaking frequency is low, the steel bars with greater stiffness, that is, the short steel bars, and the lighter steel bars, that is, the steel bars bonded to the aluminum cubes, shake violently. When the shaking frequency is high, the steel bars with smaller stiffness The steel bar, that is, the long steel bar and the heavier steel bar, that is, the steel bar bonded to the tungsten cube, shook violently. When it starts to shake, the effect displayed by the device is intuitive and clear, making it easy for students to observe and understand.
装置二安装完成后,用脚对装置底部的U形厚钢板6进行简要固定,同时将装置上方的U形厚钢板6进行推动,对两组装置的摇晃情况进行观察,在推动力量相同的情况下,带有注射器的装置更加稳定,装置展示出的效果直观明了,方便学生观察和理解。After the installation of device two is completed, use your feet to briefly fix the U-shaped thick steel plate 6 at the bottom of the device, and at the same time push the U-shaped thick steel plate 6 above the device. Observe the shaking of the two devices. When the pushing force is the same, The device with a syringe is more stable, and the effect displayed by the device is intuitive and clear, making it easier for students to observe and understand.
注射器7在该装置中可用来代替专业的阻尼器,效果直观,生活中稀松平常的物品用于教学装置可增进学生的思考能力。The syringe 7 can be used to replace professional dampers in this device, and the effect is intuitive. Commonly used items in life can be used in teaching devices to improve students' thinking ability.
外伸阻尼器支架8是用来固定注射器的位置防止使用过程中脱落。The overhanging damper bracket 8 is used to fix the position of the syringe to prevent it from falling off during use.
Claims (7)
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