CN219932202U - Protective drainage composite structure for underground cavern - Google Patents
Protective drainage composite structure for underground cavern Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN219932202U CN219932202U CN202321630033.5U CN202321630033U CN219932202U CN 219932202 U CN219932202 U CN 219932202U CN 202321630033 U CN202321630033 U CN 202321630033U CN 219932202 U CN219932202 U CN 219932202U
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- layer
- adhesive layer
- composite structure
- anchor rod
- drainage
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 79
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000012945 sealing adhesive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000565 sealant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920001903 high density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004700 high-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 5
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000011378 shotcrete Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004831 Hot glue Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910001294 Reinforcing steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004746 geotextile Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006353 environmental stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005669 high impact polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004797 high-impact polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012943 hotmelt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005067 remediation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
Abstract
The utility model discloses a protective drainage composite structure for an underground cavity, which relates to the technical field of waterproof construction of the underground cavity, and comprises a concave-convex drainage plate, a geomembrane layer and a non-woven fabric layer, wherein the protective drainage composite structure is fixed on the surface of the underground cavity; when the anchor rod is used for fixing, a gap between the anchor rod and the concave-convex drain board is filled with a sealant structure, a first interface adhesive layer is arranged on the surface of a non-woven fabric layer around the anchor rod, and a first waterproof coating layer, a grid cloth layer and a second waterproof coating layer are sequentially arranged on the surface of the first interface adhesive layer; when the bolt and nut assembly is used for fixation, the surface of the non-woven fabric layer around the bolt is provided with a second interface adhesive layer, the surface of the second interface adhesive layer is provided with a first sealing adhesive layer and a second sealing adhesive layer, the nut and the water-swelling water stop ring are sealed and embedded inside, and the bolt is provided with the water-swelling water stop ring. The protection drainage composite structure realizes the waterproof and impervious performance of the perforation fixing part; can be highly suitable for the structural creep of rock wall morphology, subsequent rock wall and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of waterproof construction of underground caverns, in particular to a protective drainage composite structure for an underground cavern.
Background
In the construction process of the underground cavern, the balance of the water system of the original mountain is destroyed due to excavation, and the underground cavern becomes a circulating channel of the water system of the mountain. Therefore, the underground cavity has large leakage water hazard, large remediation difficulty and high cost, and the drainage prevention work of the cavity is very important. At present, most underground caverns use concrete lining as a basic structural waterproof layer, and the common concrete has poor impermeability although the concrete has certain impermeability and water resistance. If the construction measures in the construction process are not adopted in place or the concrete mixing ratio is improper, water leakage and overflow are easy to occur.
The waterproof layer of the plastic plate (hereinafter referred to as a drain plate) is a new waterproof technology developed internationally for more than ten years, and is increasingly widely applied to underground cavity engineering. The drain board is generally made of polystyrene (HIPS) or polyethylene (HDPE) as raw materials, and then is stamped on the surface to form a conical boss or a bulge in the form of stiffening ribs, so that the special structure of the concave-convex drain board is formed. When the drain board is fixed on the rock wall of the cavity, the concave-convex structure can effectively guide out water flow, avoid accumulated water leakage and effectively protect the structures and the waterproof layer. In order to realize the functions of the drainage plate, in the process of laying the drainage plate of the underground cavern, the drainage plate is tightly attached to the surfaces of other materials in the forms of anchoring, welding, bonding and the like by using a financial bolt or an anchor rod, so that a closed space is ensured to be formed, and the leakage problem of the drainage plate at a break and an anchoring position is avoided.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems of the prior art, the utility model provides a protective drainage composite structure for an underground cavity, and aims at the joint positions of an anchor rod and a bolt of a drainage plate to realize seepage prevention treatment, so that the integral seepage prevention performance of the drainage plate is effectively ensured, and the protective drainage composite structure is realized by the following technical scheme.
The protection drainage composite structure for the underground cavity comprises a concave-convex drainage plate, and a geomembrane layer and a non-woven fabric layer which are sequentially adhered to the surface of the concave-convex drainage plate, wherein the protection drainage composite structure is fixed on the surface of the underground cavity through an anchor rod and/or a bolt and nut assembly; when the anchor rod is used for fixing, a gap between the anchor rod and the concave-convex drain board is filled with a sealant structure, a first interface adhesive layer is arranged on the surface of the non-woven fabric layer around the anchor rod, and a first waterproof coating layer, a grid cloth layer and a second waterproof coating layer are sequentially arranged on the surface of the first interface adhesive layer;
when the bolt and nut assembly is used for fixing, a second interface adhesive layer is arranged on the surface of the non-woven fabric layer around the bolt, a first sealing adhesive layer is arranged on the surface of the second interface adhesive layer, a water-swelling water stop ring is arranged on the bolt and is positioned between the first sealing adhesive layer and the nut, a second sealing adhesive layer is further arranged, and the first sealing adhesive layer and the second sealing adhesive layer are used for sealing and embedding the nut and the water-swelling water stop ring inside.
The protection drainage composite structure is generally applied to the side wall and the top surface of the underground cavity, the side wall and the top surface of the underground cavity are generally subjected to certain pretreatment (such as embedding of reinforcing steel bars and paving of sprayed concrete) before paving, the concave-convex drainage plate of the protection drainage composite structure is fixed on the side wall and the top surface of the pretreated underground cavity by using structures such as anchor rod/bolt assemblies, and the like, and the geomembrane layer and the non-woven fabric layer can be sequentially attached to the surface of the concave-convex drainage plate by using materials such as hot melt adhesive before fixing.
The innovation of the protective drainage composite structure is that a specific seepage prevention and leakage blocking structure is designed aiming at the potential water seepage problem of structures such as anchor rod/bolt assemblies of concave-convex drainage plates. When the anchor rod is used for fixing, a gap between the concave-convex drain plate and the anchor rod can be filled with a sealant structure (such as polyurethane waterproof sealant), then an interface adhesive layer (such as common epoxy interface adhesive) is coated on the geotextile surface, then a first waterproof coating layer (such as anti-slip rubber asphalt material) and a grid cloth layer are sequentially coated, and finally a second waterproof coating layer is coated on the grid cloth layer surface. The grid cloth layer can improve the mutual support and cohesiveness of the structure and improve the anti-seepage strength of the part. When the nut is fixed by using a bolt and nut assembly (for example, an expansion bolt is used), two layers of polyurethane waterproof sealant are coated on the surface coated with the interface glue, and the nut is completely sealed and wrapped by the two layers of polyurethane waterproof sealant; the bolt and the nut are directly provided with a water-swelling water stop ring, so that the seepage-proofing effect is further improved.
Preferably, the anchor rod is a hollow anchor rod, an epoxy resin structure is filled in the anchor rod, and a water-swelling water stop piece is arranged at the exposed end of the anchor rod.
More preferably, the thickness of the water-swellable water stop is not less than 20mm.
Preferably, the width of the overlapping area of the adjacent concave-convex drainage plates is not less than 300mm.
Preferably, the edge of the concave-convex drainage plate positioned on the surface of the lap joint area is provided with a waterproof coiled material layer.
More preferably, the width of the waterproof coiled material layer is not less than 200mm.
Preferably, the thickness of the first waterproof paint layer and the second waterproof paint layer is not less than 2mm.
Preferably, the thickness of the first sealant layer is not less than 4.5mm.
Preferably, the thickness of the geomembrane layer is not less than 0.5mm.
Preferably, the concave-convex drainage plate and the geomembrane layer are both made of HDPE material.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the beneficial effects that: according to the protective drainage composite structure, through structural improvement of fixing the perforated parts on the surface of sprayed concrete, the waterproof and impervious performances of the perforated parts are realized; can be highly suitable for the structural creep of rock wall morphology, subsequent rock wall and the like.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a protective drainage composite structure for an underground cavern of embodiment 1.
FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of the anchor rod portion at A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of the portion B of FIG. 1, i.e., the bolt and nut portion
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the construction of the anchor portion at C of FIG. 1, i.e., when a hollow anchor is specifically used;
in the figure: 1. a concave-convex drainage plate; 2. a geomembrane layer; 3. a non-woven fabric layer; 4. a bolt; 5. a bolt; 6. a nut; 7. a sealant structure; 8. a first interfacial glue layer; 9. a first waterproof paint layer; 10. a grid cloth layer; 11. a second waterproof paint layer; 12. a second interfacial glue layer; 13. a first sealant layer; 14. a water-swellable water stop ring; 15. a second sealant layer; 16. an epoxy resin structure; 17. a water-swelling water stop.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present patent will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present patent, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art without undue burden from the one of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of this patent, are within the scope of protection of this patent.
In the description of this patent, it should be noted that, directions or positional relationships indicated by terms such as "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", "top", etc., are based on directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of description of this patent and for simplification of description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or element to be referred to must have a specific direction, be configured and operated in a specific direction, and thus should not be construed as limiting the patent. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of this patent, it should be noted that, unless explicitly stated and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. It is noted that all of the figures are exemplary representations. The specific meaning of the terms in this patent will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art in a specific context.
The present patent is described in further detail below by way of specific examples of embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1-3, the protective drainage composite structure for an underground cavity provided by the embodiment comprises a concave-convex drainage plate 1, and a geomembrane layer 2 and a non-woven fabric layer 3 which are sequentially adhered to the surface of the concave-convex drainage plate 1.
The concave-convex drainage plate is generally a macromolecular (such as polyethylene) protective drainage special-shaped plate, has the model specification of YS-HDPE-18.0mx2.0mx1.0mx20 mm, has good heat resistance and cold resistance, good chemical stability, higher rigidity and toughness, good mechanical strength and good environmental stress cracking resistance; the HDPE geomembrane is selected for the geomembrane layer, so that the waterproof and waterproof performance of the concave-convex drainage plate can be further improved, and possible damage to the concave-convex drainage plate caused by the external environment of a cavity and a cavity wall can be effectively avoided. The non-woven fabric layer adopts 150g/cm 2 Is a nonwoven fabric of (a) a nonwoven fabric.
After the production of the polyethylene concave-convex drain board is completed, a hot melt adhesive machine is utilized to spray, scrape and roll adhesive on the back surface of the concave-convex drain board, then the 0.5mm HDPE geomembrane is immediately adhered, after standing for 2min, the hot melt adhesive is sprayed on the geomembrane and adhered to the non-woven fabrics, after standing for 5min, the finished product is cut and packaged according to the production size.
The protection drainage composite structure is fixed on the surface of the underground cavity through an anchor rod 4, a bolt 5 and a nut 6; when the anchor rod 4 is used for fixing, a sealing glue structure 7 is filled in a gap between the anchor rod 4 and the concave-convex drain board 1, a first interface glue layer 8 is arranged on the surface of the non-woven fabric layer 3 around the anchor rod 4, and a first waterproof paint layer 9, a grid cloth layer 10 and a second waterproof paint layer 11 are sequentially arranged on the surface of the first interface glue layer 8;
when the bolt 5 and the nut 6 are used for fixing, a second interface adhesive layer 12 is arranged on the surface of the non-woven fabric layer 3 around the bolt 5, a first sealing adhesive layer 13 is arranged on the surface of the second interface adhesive layer 12, a water-swelling water stop ring 14 is arranged on the bolt 5, the water-swelling water stop ring 14 is positioned between the first sealing adhesive layer 13 and the nut 6, a second sealing adhesive layer 15 is further arranged, and the first sealing adhesive layer 13 and the second sealing adhesive layer 15 seal-cover the nut 6 and the water-swelling water stop ring 14 inside.
In this embodiment, the first interface adhesive layer and the second interface adhesive layer both use commercially available epoxy interface adhesive, and the epoxy interface adhesive can infiltrate the geotextile, so as to improve better adhesion performance. The first waterproof coating layer and the second waterproof coating layer are both formed by coating anti-slip type rubber asphalt with the thickness of 2mm. The grid cloth layer is a glass fiber grid cloth carcass reinforcing layer.
The above-mentioned protection drainage composite structure that this embodiment provided is prepared into the drain bar whole with unsmooth drain bar, geomembrane layer and non-woven fabrics layer with hot melt adhesive subsides in advance, and its installation construction method is: firstly, burying reinforcing steel bars on the side wall and the top surface of an underground cavity, spraying special sprayed concrete, and after solidification and maintenance are finished, integrally attaching a drainage plate to the surface of the sprayed concrete; the anchor rod, the bolt and the nut penetrate through the drain board and are integrally nailed into the sprayed concrete for fixation, and corresponding anti-seepage treatment is carried out on the puncture parts of the anchor rod, the bolt and the nut according to the specific requirements, so that the whole installation of the protective drain composite structure is completed.
As shown in fig. 4, when the anchor rod 4 is a hollow anchor rod, the interior of the anchor rod 4 is filled with an epoxy resin structure 16, and the exposed end of the anchor rod 4 is provided with a water-swelling water stop member 17.
In general, the thickness of the water-swelling water stop piece can be selected to be 20mm; the width of the lap joint area of the adjacent concave-convex drain plates can be set to 300mm, the adjacent concave-convex drain plates are tightly welded in a hot-melt welding mode, and a layer of waterproof coiled material can be paved on the surface of the welding area. The waterproof coiled material can be self-adhesive high polymer polyethylene polypropylene waterproof coiled material.
The protective drainage composite structure of the embodiment can effectively realize the anti-seepage and anti-leakage purposes at the puncture part when the anchor rod/bolt is used for fixation.
The above examples describe the practice of the utility model in detail, however, the utility model is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments. Many simple modifications and variations of the technical solution of the present utility model are possible within the scope of the claims and technical idea of the present utility model, which simple modifications are all within the scope of the present utility model.
Claims (10)
1. The protection drainage composite structure for the underground cavity is characterized by comprising a concave-convex drainage plate, and a geomembrane layer and a non-woven fabric layer which are sequentially adhered to the surface of the concave-convex drainage plate, wherein the protection drainage composite structure is fixed on the surface of the underground cavity through an anchor rod and/or a bolt and nut assembly; when the anchor rod is used for fixing, a gap between the anchor rod and the concave-convex drain board is filled with a sealant structure, a first interface adhesive layer is arranged on the surface of the non-woven fabric layer around the anchor rod, and a first waterproof coating layer, a grid cloth layer and a second waterproof coating layer are sequentially arranged on the surface of the first interface adhesive layer;
when the bolt and nut assembly is used for fixing, a second interface adhesive layer is arranged on the surface of the non-woven fabric layer around the bolt, a first sealing adhesive layer is arranged on the surface of the second interface adhesive layer, a water-swelling water stop ring is arranged on the bolt and is positioned between the first sealing adhesive layer and the nut, a second sealing adhesive layer is further arranged, and the first sealing adhesive layer and the second sealing adhesive layer are used for sealing and embedding the nut and the water-swelling water stop ring inside.
2. The protective drainage composite structure for an underground cavern according to claim 1, wherein the anchor rod is a hollow anchor rod, the interior of the anchor rod is filled with an epoxy resin structure, and the exposed end of the anchor rod is provided with a water-swelling water stop member.
3. The protective drainage composite structure for an underground cavern of claim 2, wherein the water-swellable water stop has a thickness of not less than 20mm.
4. The protective drainage composite for an underground cavern of claim 1, wherein the width of the overlap area between adjacent ones of the relief drainage plates is no less than 300mm.
5. The protective drainage composite structure for an underground cavern of claim 1, wherein the edge of the concave-convex drainage board on the surface of the overlap area is provided with a waterproof roll layer.
6. The protective drainage composite structure for an underground cavern of claim 5, wherein the waterproof roll layer has a width of not less than 200mm.
7. The protective drainage composite structure for an underground cavern of claim 1, wherein the first and second waterproof coating layers have a thickness of not less than 2mm.
8. The protective drainage composite structure for an underground cavern of claim 1, wherein the first sealant layer has a thickness of not less than 4.5mm.
9. The protective drainage composite structure for an underground cavern of claim 1, wherein the geomembrane layer has a thickness of not less than 0.5mm.
10. The protective drainage composite structure for an underground cavern of claim 1, wherein the concave-convex drainage plates and the geomembrane layer are both made of HDPE materials.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202321630033.5U CN219932202U (en) | 2023-06-26 | 2023-06-26 | Protective drainage composite structure for underground cavern |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202321630033.5U CN219932202U (en) | 2023-06-26 | 2023-06-26 | Protective drainage composite structure for underground cavern |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN219932202U true CN219932202U (en) | 2023-10-31 |
Family
ID=88498474
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202321630033.5U Active CN219932202U (en) | 2023-06-26 | 2023-06-26 | Protective drainage composite structure for underground cavern |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN219932202U (en) |
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2023
- 2023-06-26 CN CN202321630033.5U patent/CN219932202U/en active Active
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