CN219915205U - Physical model test stand for stereo cross tunnel similarity model - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of geotechnical mechanics, in particular to a physical model test frame for a similar model of a three-dimensional cross tunnel, which comprises a model frame, a baffle, a bottom plate, a pressurizing structure and a vibrating device, wherein the model frame is of a prismatic frame structure and comprises a plurality of pairs of rectangular side surfaces which are oppositely arranged and have the same size, and can simulate the three-dimensional cross situations of the similar model of the tunnel at different angles; the pressurizing structure comprises a pressurizing device and a pressurizing table top, wherein the pressurizing table top is rotationally connected with the pressurizing device, and the rapid simulation of the fault inclined surface is realized by adjusting the angle of the pressurizing surface of the pressurizing table top, so that the pressurizing structure is simple and rapid and has lower cost; in addition, the device is also provided with a vibration device, and the change condition of the three-dimensional cross tunnel under the influence of dynamic load and static load can be simulated and researched simultaneously.

Description

Physical model test stand for stereo cross tunnel similarity model

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of geotechnical mechanics, in particular to a physical model test stand for a similar model of a three-dimensional cross tunnel.

Background

At present, underground three-dimensional cross tunnel engineering is more and more in various urban areas or areas with special environments at home and abroad, the existing geotechnical mechanics theory analysis method cannot completely meet design requirements, and on-site tests are limited in applicable scene due to the fact that the requirement period is longer, the cost is higher, the repeated use is not achieved, and the like, so that a physical similarity model is often adopted for test analysis.

At present, experiments on similar models of tunnels at home and abroad are carried out, the research object is usually a single-hole tunnel, for a three-dimensional cross tunnel, according to the san-vickers principle in elastic mechanics and theory and practice, for a round cavity excavated in an elastic infinite domain, the influence range of tunnel surrounding rock change caused by excavation unloading is generally three times of tunnel hole diameter, so when the model is built, the range from the radial direction of a tunnel center point to the tunnel surrounding rock boundary is generally considered, at the present, the size of the model frame is generally 1.6m in front length, 1.6m in height and 0.4m in side length, and a tunnel with the maximum of 0.4m can be excavated on the front of 1.6m, for the three-dimensional cross tunnel, the model frame is required to meet the boundary condition of the three-time tunnel hole diameter on the front and the side, and at present, when the three-dimensional cross tunnel is researched, on the basis of meeting the boundary condition, a test with a certain fixed cross angle can be generally carried out, and the use scene is limited.

In addition, the existing physical model test frame is single in function, most of test frames are connected in a welding integrated mode, on-site assembly and disassembly are difficult, the test frames cannot be reused after being disassembled, tunnel excavation under fault influence is simulated by modifying a model frame in the prior art, extra cost is increased, and the influence on various monitoring lines distributed on the periphery of the model frame is easy to cause.

Therefore, a new physical model test stand is needed to meet the research requirements of the ever-developing stereo cross tunnels.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims to provide a physical model test stand for a similar model of a stereo cross tunnel, which solves or alleviates the problems in the prior art.

In order to achieve the above object, the present utility model provides the following technical solutions:

a physical model test stand for a similar model of a stereo cross tunnel, the physical model test stand comprises a model frame, a baffle, a bottom plate and a pressurizing structure;

the model frame is of a prismatic frame structure, the prismatic frame structure comprises a plurality of pairs of oppositely arranged side surfaces, and the pairs of oppositely arranged side surfaces are rectangles with the same size;

the bottom plate is arranged on the bottom surface of the model frame, the baffle is arranged on the side surface of the model frame, and the model frame is surrounded by the baffle and the bottom plate to form a cavity with an opening at the top;

the pressurizing structure is arranged above the cavity and comprises a pressurizing device and a pressurizing table top, and the pressurizing table top is rotationally connected to the bottom of the pressurizing device.

A physical model test stand for intersecting tunnel-like models as described above, preferably wherein the lower part of the floor is detachably connected with a reinforcing structure.

A physical model test rig for intersecting tunnel-like models as described above, preferably the sides of the prismatic frame structure are made up of pairs of equally sized squares.

A physical model test rig for intersecting tunnel-like models as described above, preferably the physical model test rig further comprises a vibration device, the vibration device being arranged inside the cavity.

Preferably, the model frame is a prismatic frame structure formed by detachably connecting a plurality of vertical members and a plurality of transverse members end to end, and the bottom plate and the baffle are detachably connected with the vertical members and the transverse members of the model frame.

Preferably, the side surface of the model frame is provided with a side surface reinforcing structure, the side surface reinforcing structure is a plurality of vertical members and transverse members which are arranged in a staggered mode, and the vertical members and the transverse members which are arranged in the staggered mode are detachably connected with the model frame.

According to the physical model test stand for the similar model of the intersected tunnel, preferably, the side faces of the model frames are divided into the plurality of frame units by the staggered vertical members and the cross members, the baffle plates are divided into the plurality of baffle plate units by the staggered vertical members and the cross members, the plurality of baffle plate units are in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of frame units, and the baffle plate units are detachably connected to the adjacent vertical members and the adjacent cross members of the corresponding frame units.

The physical model test frame for the intersecting tunnel similar model preferably further comprises an antigravity frame, wherein the antigravity frame is a rectangular frame, and the pressurizing structure, the bottom plate, the model frame and the baffle are all arranged inside the rectangular frame;

the reinforcing structure is detachably connected with the bottom of the rectangular frame;

the top of the pressurizing device is detachably connected with the top of the rectangular frame.

In the physical model test stand for the intersecting tunnel similar model, preferably, a plurality of pressurizing devices are arranged above the cavity, the bottoms of the pressurizing devices are rotatably connected to the same pressurizing table top, and the tops of the pressurizing devices are detachably connected to the top of the rectangular frame.

The physical model test stand for the intersecting tunnel similar model as described above preferably comprises a plurality of rectangular frames of the same structure and size, the plurality of rectangular frames of the same structure and size being parallel to each other, and the tops of the plurality of pressurizing devices being detachably connected to the tops of the plurality of rectangular frames of the same structure and size.

Compared with the closest prior art, the technical scheme of the embodiment of the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

1. the model framework is designed, and aiming at experimental research of a similar model of the stereo cross tunnel, the model framework can simulate the situations of stereo cross at different angles while meeting the boundary conditions of surrounding rocks with the hole diameter size of not less than three times of the similar model, and has wider application range;

2. the pressurizing device is arranged to be rotationally connected with the pressurizing table top, and the rapid simulation of the fault inclined surface is realized by adjusting the angle of the pressurizing surface of the pressurizing table top, so that the method is simple and rapid and has lower cost;

3. the vibration device and the pressurizing device are arranged at the same time, so that the change condition of the three-dimensional cross tunnel under the influence of dynamic load and static load can be studied at the same time;

4. the baffle units are in one-to-one correspondence with the model frame units, when a tunnel is excavated, the corresponding baffle units can be dismantled for excavation, and the method is convenient and quick, and compared with slotting and hole digging on the baffle, the method is higher in flexibility, can be repeatedly utilized, and saves cost.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the utility model and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the utility model and together with the description serve to explain the utility model. Wherein:

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a floor reinforcing structure;

FIG. 2 is a diagram of a vibration exciter arrangement;

FIG. 3 is a schematic side view of a model test rack;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the front view of the model test stand;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a horizontal tamper of the pressurizing device;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the pressurizing device in a tilting ramming mode;

fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a similar model excavation of a stereo cross tunnel.

Reference numerals illustrate:

1-bottom plate, 2-model frame, 3-antigravity frame, 4-baffle, 5-pressure device, 6-vibrating device, 7-pressure mesa, 8-first tunnel similar model, 9-second tunnel similar model, 10-reinforced structure, 11-stiffening beam.

Detailed Description

The following description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model will be clear and complete, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which are derived by a person skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the utility model, fall within the scope of protection of the utility model.

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing embodiments of the present disclosure only and is not intended to be limiting of the present disclosure.

In the description of the present utility model, the terms "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", etc. refer to the orientation or positional relationship based on that shown in the drawings, merely for convenience of description of the present utility model and do not require that the present utility model must be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present utility model. The terms "coupled," "connected," and "configured" as used herein are to be construed broadly and may be, for example, fixedly connected or detachably connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate component; either a wired electrical connection, a radio connection or a wireless communication signal connection, the specific meaning of which terms will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as the case may be.

The utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in connection with embodiments. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present utility model and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other.

According to an embodiment of the present utility model, as shown in fig. 1 to 7, a physical model test stand for a similar model of a stereo cross tunnel, the physical model test stand includes a model frame 2, a baffle 4, a bottom plate 1, and a pressurizing structure; the model frame 2 is a prismatic frame structure, and the prismatic frame structure comprises a plurality of pairs of oppositely arranged side surfaces, wherein the pairs of oppositely arranged side surfaces are rectangular with the same size; the bottom plate 1 is arranged on the bottom surface of the model frame 2, the baffle plate 4 is arranged on the side surface of the model frame 2, and the model frame 2 is surrounded by the baffle plate 4 and the bottom plate 1 to form a cavity with an open top; the pressurizing structure is arranged above the cavity and comprises a pressurizing device 5 and a pressurizing table top 7, and the pressurizing table top 7 is rotatably connected to the bottom of the pressurizing device 5.

The side face of the prismatic frame structure is plugged by the baffle plate 4, the bottom face is plugged by the bottom plate 1, the model frame 2 is horizontally placed on the bottom plate 1, the model frame 2 is surrounded by the baffle plate 4 and the bottom plate 1 together to form a cavity with an open top, model slurry which is completed according to the design proportion is injected into the cavity from the open top of the cavity, the model slurry is gradually accumulated in the cavity until the position of the top of the baffle plate 4 is reached, and the injection is stopped. In the slurry injection process, compaction is continuously performed in a manual or mechanical mode, specifically, when slurry with a certain design height is injected according to design requirements, compaction is performed once, grouting and compaction are performed in layers, and the volume of the model slurry after final compaction is consistent with the volume of the cavity.

The model frame 2 is a quadrangular prism frame structure and comprises two pairs of rectangular side surfaces which are oppositely arranged and have the same size, according to the san-vickers principle, theory and practice in elastic mechanics, for a circular cavity excavated in a homogeneous elastic infinite domain, the influence range of tunnel surrounding rock change caused by excavation unloading is generally three times of tunnel hole diameter, when the experimental study of a tunnel similar model is carried out, based on the consideration of cost saving, the distance from the central point of the tunnel similar model to the surrounding rock boundary along the radial direction of the central point of the tunnel similar model is three times of tunnel similar model hole diameter, namely, the distance from the cross section radial direction of one end surrounding rock boundary of the tunnel similar model to the surrounding rock boundary of the other end surrounding rock boundary is six times of tunnel similar model hole diameter.

In actual use, firstly, the determination of the hole diameter of the first tunnel similarity model 8 is carried out according to the formula (1):

L＝6R (1)

l is the shorter side of the rectangle side surface long and high middle;

and R, the tunnel diameter of the tunnel similar model.

The first tunnel-like model 8 is placed horizontally inside the cavity along the direction perpendicular to one pair of rectangular sides, and the axis thereof passes through the geometric center points of the pair of rectangular sides, because the cross-sectional center points of the tunnel-like models are located on the axes of the tunnel-like models, the perpendicular distance from the cross-sectional center points to the long sides of the rectangular sides along the radial direction thereof is equal to three times the diameter of the first tunnel-like model 8 determined according to the formula (1), and because the radial distance from the cross-sectional center points to the long sides of the rectangular sides is the shortest in all the radial distances from the cross-sectional center points to the boundaries of the model slurry, the distance from the cross-sectional center points of the first tunnel-like model 8 along any radial direction thereof to the boundaries of the model slurry can satisfy the boundary condition of three times the diameter of the first tunnel-like model 8.

The second tunnel similar model 9 is horizontally placed in the cavity along the direction perpendicular to the other pair of rectangular side surfaces, then the center point of the cross section of the second tunnel similar model 9 on the rectangular side surfaces is located on the center line between the left side and the right side of the rectangular side surfaces, the determination of the pre-buried position of the second tunnel similar model 9 is completed at the bottom of the first tunnel similar model 8 according to the set model spacing, the vertical distance from the pre-buried position of the second tunnel similar model 9 to the bottom boundary of the model slurry is determined according to the vertical distance from the pre-buried position of the second tunnel similar model 9 to the boundary of the model slurry, the hole diameter size is compared with the hole diameter size of the first tunnel similar model 8 determined in advance according to the three-time hole diameter boundary condition of the second tunnel similar model 9, and the smaller size is selected as the hole diameter of the second tunnel similar model 9, so that when placed at the pre-buried position, the distance from the center point of the cross section of the second tunnel similar model 9 to the boundary of the model slurry can also meet the boundary condition of three-time of the hole diameter of the second tunnel similar model 9.

Similarly, the determination of the pre-buried position of the second tunnel similar model 9 can be completed at the top of the first tunnel similar model 8 according to the set model interval, and according to the vertical distance from the pre-buried position of the second tunnel similar model 9 to the boundary of the top of the model slurry, a hole diameter size is determined according to the boundary condition consideration of three times of the hole diameter of the second tunnel similar model 9, and compared with the hole diameter size of the first tunnel similar model 8, and the smaller size is selected as the hole diameter of the second tunnel similar model 9.

For a quadrangular prism frame structure comprising two pairs of oppositely disposed rectangular sides of the same size, two tunnel-like models are orthogonally disposed in space.

The reinforcing device is a hydraulic jack, the hydraulic jack is arranged above the cavity and is connected with the pressurizing table top 7, the footage of the hydraulic jack is controlled, the model slurry is tamped through the pressurizing table top 7, the size of the pressurizing table top 7 is consistent with the size of the opening at the top of the cavity, so that the model slurry is integrally pressurized, the hydraulic jack is further rotationally connected with the pressurizing table top 7 through a spherical hinge, the inclination angle of the pressurizing table top 7 can be directly adjusted through an operating system or manually according to test requirements, and the inclined plane is tamped in the model slurry, so that the fault inclined plane simulation is realized rapidly.

In other embodiments of the present utility model, the mold frame 2 may further include three pairs, four pairs or more pairs of oppositely disposed rectangular sides, two tunnel-like molds are respectively placed inside the cavity along a direction perpendicular to one pair of rectangular sides, and the two tunnel-like molds can be crossed at different angles in space by adjusting the tunnel-like molds to perpendicular to different rectangular sides.

In other embodiments of the utility model, the hydraulic jack and the pressing table 7 may also be rotatably connected by a pin.

In order to strengthen the structural stability of the bottom plate 1, the lower part of the bottom plate 1 is detachably connected with a reinforcing structure 10, specifically, the bottom plate 1 is a steel plate with the thickness of 10mm, two opposite bottom edges of the bottom plate 1 are respectively detachably connected with two transverse I-steel with the same size through high-strength bolts at the lower part of the bottom plate 1, the length of the transverse I-steel is larger than that of the bottom edge of the bottom plate 1 connected with the transverse I-steel, the center line positions of the bottom plate 1 and the two transverse I-steel are kept consistent, so that the stable placement of a model test frame is ensured, four longitudinal I-steel with the same size are uniformly distributed between the two transverse I-steel, wherein the two longitudinal I-steel with the same size are connected with the other two opposite bottom edges of the bottom plate 1, the four longitudinal I-steel with the same size are detachably connected with the steel plate through the high-strength bolts, and the two end parts of the four longitudinal I-steel with the same size are respectively abutted with the side surfaces of the two transverse I-steel.

In order to further save the cost and ensure that the tunnel similar model is uniformly stressed in the model slurry as much as possible, the side surface of the prismatic frame structure is composed of a plurality of pairs of squares with the same size, the size of the prismatic frame structure is 1600mm multiplied by 1600mm, correspondingly, the size of the bottom plate 1 is 1600mm multiplied by 1600mm so as to meet the requirement of plugging the bottom of the prismatic frame structure, the hole diameter size of the first tunnel similar model 8 is determined according to the size of any side of the square in combination with the formula (1), the first tunnel similar model 8 is horizontally placed in the cavity along the direction vertical to the side surfaces of the pair of the alignment directions, and the axis of the first tunnel similar model 8 passes through the geometric center points of the side surfaces of the pair of squares.

Meanwhile, the side surfaces of the prismatic frame structure are formed by a plurality of pairs of positive directions with the same size, so that the crossing angle of the tunnel similar model frame 2 can be changed within the range of 0-180 degrees, and the application range of the physical model experiment frame is further expanded.

The physical model test stand further comprises a vibrating device 6, the vibrating device 6 is arranged in the cavity, and the vibrating device 6 is specifically five vibration exciters which are arranged on the bottom plate 1 in a quincuncial manner so as to simulate tunnel deformation condition research under train vibration.

In other embodiments of the present utility model, the vibration device 6 may also be a vibration table, and the vibration device 6 may also be adjusted to be embedded in the vicinity of the tunnel-like model according to the test requirements.

In order to facilitate the installation, the disassembly and the subsequent recycling, the model frame 2 is a prismatic frame structure formed by detachably connecting a plurality of vertical members and a plurality of transverse members end to end, and the bottom plate 1 and the baffle plate 4 are detachably connected with the vertical members and the transverse members of the model frame 2.

The model frame 2 is a quadrangular prism frame structure formed by four vertical I-beams and eight transverse I-beams with the same size, the vertical I-beams and the transverse I-beams are connected end to end through high-strength bolts, the four vertical I-beams are used as columns of the model frame 2, the eight transverse I-beams are used as beams of the model frame 2 and are respectively used for connecting the same side endpoints of the columns of two adjacent model frames 2, two adjacent side surfaces share one vertical I-beam, the bottom plate 1 is detachably connected to the four transverse I-beams at the bottom of the model frame 2 through the high-strength bolts, and the baffle 4 is detachably connected to the two vertical I-beams and the two transverse I-beams at the side surfaces of the model frame 2 through the high-strength bolts.

In other embodiments of the utility model, the releasable connection may also be achieved by a pin.

In order to improve structural stability, a side reinforcing structure is arranged on the side face of the model frame 2, the side reinforcing structure comprises a plurality of vertical members and transverse members which are arranged in a staggered mode, and the vertical members and the transverse members which are arranged in the staggered mode are detachably connected with the model frame 2.

The four sides of the model frame 2 are provided with side reinforcing structures, each side reinforcing structure comprises two vertical I-beams and two transverse I-beams, the two vertical I-beams and the two transverse I-beams are vertically staggered, the two vertical I-beams are arranged between the columns of the two model frames 2 on the same side in parallel at a certain interval, the two transverse I-beams are arranged between the beams of the two model frames 2 on the same side in parallel at a certain interval, two ends of the two vertical I-beams are respectively detachably connected with the columns of the two model frames 2 on the same side through high-strength bolts, and two ends of the two transverse I-beams are respectively detachably connected with the beams of the two model frames 2 on the same side through high-strength bolts.

The side of the model frame 2 is divided into a plurality of frame units by the staggered vertical members and the transverse members, the baffle 4 is divided into a plurality of baffle units by the staggered vertical members and the transverse members, the baffle units are in one-to-one correspondence with the frame units, and the baffle units are detachably connected to the adjacent vertical members and transverse members of the corresponding frame units.

In the actual operation process, when the model slurry is tamped to the top position of the side baffle plate 4 of the model frame 2, the model is built, the tunnel similar model pre-buried in the model slurry is excavated, the intersection of the tunnel similar model and the side surface of the model frame 2 is the excavation window of the tunnel similar model, because the side surface of the model frame 2 is divided into a plurality of frame units by the staggered vertical members and the transverse members, the baffle plate 4 is also divided into a plurality of baffle plate units by the staggered vertical members and the transverse members, the intersection of the tunnel similar model and the side surface of the model frame 2 corresponds to a certain frame unit, and the frame units and the baffle plate units have the same size and one-to-one correspondence at the corresponding positions, so when the tunnel similar model is excavated, the excavation window of the corresponding tunnel similar model can be formed, the tunnel similar model is convenient and quick, the cost is saved, and the flexibility is high.

The physical model test frame also comprises an antigravity frame 3, wherein the antigravity frame 3 is a rectangular frame, and the pressurizing structure, the bottom plate 1, the model frame 2 and the baffle 4 are all arranged inside the rectangular frame; the reinforcing structure 10 is detachably connected with the bottom of the rectangular frame; the top of the pressurizing device 5 is detachably connected with the top of the rectangular frame.

The rectangular frame is formed by connecting four I-beams in a head-to-tail mode through high-strength bolts, wherein two I-beams with the same specification and size are used as a left column of the rectangular frame and a right column of the rectangular frame, the two I-beams are respectively used as a top beam of the rectangular frame and a bottom beam of the rectangular frame, the rectangular frame is further provided with a reinforcing beam 11, the reinforcing beam 11 is arranged between the top beam of the rectangular frame and the bottom beam of the rectangular frame in parallel, the reinforcing beam 11 is positioned at the top of the rectangular frame, the cavity of the model frame 2 is arranged above, two ends of the reinforcing beam 11 are respectively connected onto the left column of the rectangular frame and the right column of the rectangular frame through high-strength bolts, the reinforcing beam 11 is the I-beam with the same specification and size as the top beam of the rectangular frame, and the top of the hydraulic jack is connected onto the reinforcing beam 11 through the high-strength bolts.

Specifically, the two ends of the stiffening beam 11 and the rectangular frame top beam are respectively connected to the right side of the rectangular frame left side column, the stiffening beam 11 and the rectangular frame top beam are arranged between the rectangular frame left side column and the rectangular frame right side column, the size of the rectangular frame bottom beam is larger than that of the rectangular frame top beam, the rectangular frame bottom beam is arranged in a manner of being parallel to two transverse I-beams of the reinforcing structure 10 of the bottom plate 1, the rectangular frame bottom beam is arranged between the two transverse I-beams of the reinforcing structure 10 of the bottom plate 1 and passes through four longitudinal I-beams of the reinforcing structure 10 of the bottom plate 1, the rectangular frame bottom beam is connected with the four longitudinal I-beams of the reinforcing structure 10 of the bottom plate 1 through high-strength bolts, and the two ends of the rectangular frame bottom beam are respectively connected with the bottoms of the rectangular frame left side column and the rectangular frame right side column through high-strength bolts.

When the hydraulic jack pressurizes the model slurry, the slurry bears the pressure from the hydraulic jack on one hand, and also bears the reaction force of the rectangular frame bottom beam on the other hand, so that the tamping efficiency is improved.

A plurality of pressurizing devices 5 are arranged above the cavity, the bottoms of the pressurizing devices 5 are rotatably connected to the same pressurizing table top 7, and the tops of the pressurizing devices 5 are detachably connected to the top of the rectangular frame.

The top of a plurality of hydraulic jack is through the simultaneous pressurization of high strength bolted connection on stiffening beam 11 to the model slurry, has further promoted the efficiency of ramming work, and on the other hand rotates through a plurality of jack bottoms and is connected to same pressurization mesa 7, and accessible adjustment part jack's footage realizes the slope of pressurization mesa 7 different angles, can more stably carry out the simulation of fault inclined plane.

The antigravity frame 3 comprises a plurality of rectangular frames with the same structure and size, the rectangular frames with the same structure and size are parallel to each other, and the top parts of the pressurizing devices 5 are detachably connected to the top parts of the rectangular frames with the same structure and size.

The antigravity frame 3 comprises two rectangular frames which are parallel to each other, the two rectangular frames are identical in size and structure, the reinforcing structure 10 of the bottom plate 1 is arranged on two rectangular frame bottom beams, the two rectangular frame bottom beams are all arranged in a mode of being parallel to two transverse I-beams of the reinforcing structure 10 of the bottom plate 1 and are arranged between the two transverse I-beams of the reinforcing structure 10 of the bottom plate 1, the two rectangular frame bottom beams penetrate through four longitudinal I-beams of the reinforcing structure 10 of the bottom plate 1 and are connected with the four longitudinal I-beams of the reinforcing structure 10 of the bottom plate 1 through high-strength bolts, a plurality of hydraulic jacks are distributed at certain intervals and are respectively connected to the reinforcing beams 11 of the two rectangular frames through high-strength bolts, and the same number of hydraulic jacks are connected to each reinforcing beam 11.

In other embodiments of the present utility model, the number of rectangular frames can be adjusted according to the size of the reinforcing structure 10 of the bottom beam and the bottom plate 1 of the rectangular frame to ensure structural stability.

The following describes the manner in which a physical model test rig for a similar model of a stereo cross tunnel is used in connection with figures 1-7:

1. the designed number of vibration exciters are arranged above the bottom plate 1 in plum blossom type;

2. adding a first layer of baffle plate 4, stacking the proportioned model slurry onto a base through the top opening of a cavity of the model frame 2, and tamping by a hydraulic jack;

3. when the height of the baffle units of the first layer is tamped, the baffle units of the first layer are further arranged, and then the corresponding packing tamping is carried out;

4. when the model slurry is tamped to the designed fault surface height, adjusting the hydraulic jack feeding rule to enable the pressurizing table top 7 to incline to be a designed angle, and then tamping the filling;

5. burying the sensor when the model slurry is tamped to a preset monitoring height;

6. when the model is tamped to the embedding height of the tunnel similar model, embedding the corresponding tunnel similar model;

7. repeating the above operation until the filling of the model frame 2 is completed;

8. when a tunnel similar model is excavated, the excavation position baffle units are required to be disassembled, then excavation supporting work is carried out, the tunnel is generally excavated through a small shovel, and in addition, the anchor cable supporting with a reduced scale is carried out according to different research contents. The anchor cable support is that after the anchor cable is excavated to a preset position, a hand drill is utilized to punch holes, glue is smeared on an anchor cable anchoring section to serve as an anchoring agent, and finally the anchor cable is inserted into the holes;

9. loading: the vibration of the train is simulated by dynamically loading the vibration exciter, and the vibration is statically loaded to the contours of the two intersecting tunnel models through the hydraulic jack to be destroyed.

The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present utility model by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present utility model should be included in the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims (10)

1. A physical model test stand for a stereoscopic cross tunnel similar model which is characterized in that: the physical model test frame comprises a model frame, a baffle, a bottom plate and a pressurizing structure;

the model frame is of a prismatic frame structure, the prismatic frame structure comprises a plurality of pairs of oppositely arranged side surfaces, and the pairs of oppositely arranged side surfaces are rectangles with the same size;

the bottom plate is arranged on the bottom surface of the model frame, the baffle is arranged on the side surface of the model frame, and the model frame is surrounded by the baffle and the bottom plate to form a cavity with an opening at the top;

the pressurizing structure is arranged above the cavity and comprises a pressurizing device and a pressurizing table top, and the pressurizing table top is rotationally connected to the bottom of the pressurizing device.

2. A physical model test stand for a stereoscopic cross tunnel similarity model according to claim 1, wherein: the lower part of the bottom plate is detachably connected with a reinforcing structure.

3. A physical model test stand for a stereoscopic cross tunnel similarity model according to claim 1, wherein: the sides of the prismatic frame structure are made up of pairs of equally sized squares.

4. A physical model test stand for a stereoscopic cross tunnel similarity model according to claim 1, wherein: the physical model test stand further comprises a vibration device, and the vibration device is arranged in the cavity.

5. A physical model test stand for a stereoscopic cross tunnel similarity model according to claim 1, wherein: the model frame is a prismatic frame structure formed by detachably connecting a plurality of vertical members and a plurality of transverse members end to end, and the bottom plate and the baffle are detachably connected with the vertical members and the transverse members of the model frame.

6. A physical model test stand for a stereoscopic cross tunnel similarity model according to claim 5, wherein: the side of the model frame is provided with a side reinforcing structure, the side reinforcing structure comprises a plurality of vertical members and transverse members which are arranged in a staggered mode, and the vertical members and the transverse members which are arranged in the staggered mode are detachably connected with the model frame.

7. A physical model test stand for a stereoscopic cross tunnel similarity model according to claim 6, wherein: the side of the model frame is divided into a plurality of frame units by the staggered vertical members and the transverse members, the baffle is divided into a plurality of baffle units by the staggered vertical members and the transverse members, the baffle units are in one-to-one correspondence with the frame units, and the baffle units are detachably connected to the adjacent vertical members and transverse members of the corresponding frame units.

8. A physical model test stand for a stereoscopic cross tunnel similarity model according to claim 2, wherein: the physical model test frame also comprises an antigravity frame, wherein the antigravity frame is a rectangular frame, and the pressurizing structure, the bottom plate, the model frame and the baffle are all arranged inside the rectangular frame;

the reinforcing structure is detachably connected with the bottom of the rectangular frame;

the top of the pressurizing device is detachably connected with the top of the rectangular frame.

9. A physical model test stand for a stereoscopic cross tunnel similarity model according to claim 8, wherein: the cavity top sets up a plurality of pressure devices, a plurality of pressure devices bottom rotates to be connected to same pressurization mesa, a plurality of pressure devices's top detachable connection is in the top of rectangular frame.

10. A physical model test stand for a stereoscopic cross tunnel similarity model according to claim 9, wherein: the anti-gravity frame comprises a plurality of rectangular frames with the same structure and the same size, the rectangular frames with the same structure and the same size are parallel to each other, and the tops of the pressurizing devices are detachably connected to the tops of the rectangular frames with the same structure and the same size.