CN219911333U - Hydraulic system and pressure pulse test device - Google Patents
Hydraulic system and pressure pulse test device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
技术领域Technical field
本实用新型涉及压力脉冲实验设备技术领域,尤其涉及一种液压系统及压力脉冲试验装置。The utility model relates to the technical field of pressure pulse experiment equipment, and in particular to a hydraulic system and a pressure pulse test device.
背景技术Background technique
液压缸是一种可以将液压能转化为机械能的,做直线往复运动的液压执行元件,被广泛应用于诸如挖掘机、起重机、泵车等作业机械上。液压缸在研发阶段以及出厂前,需要开展试运行、启动压力特性试验、耐压试验等多项性能测试,液压缸的各项性能一般通过压力脉冲试验装置进行测试。A hydraulic cylinder is a hydraulic actuator that can convert hydraulic energy into mechanical energy and perform linear reciprocating motion. It is widely used in operating machinery such as excavators, cranes, and pump trucks. During the research and development stage and before leaving the factory, hydraulic cylinders need to carry out multiple performance tests such as trial operation, starting pressure characteristic tests, and pressure resistance tests. The various performances of hydraulic cylinders are generally tested through pressure pulse test devices.
相关技术中,一般通过液压泵、伺服阀和换向阀等部件的配合,来形成多种波形和频段的压力脉冲。In related technologies, pressure pulses of various waveforms and frequency bands are generally formed through the cooperation of hydraulic pumps, servo valves, reversing valves and other components.
在实际应用中,为了得到较高的压力源,以满足待测元件对脉冲系统大功率的需求,液压系统一般需要通过复杂的油路连接增压缸,导致液压系统整体较为复杂。In practical applications, in order to obtain a higher pressure source to meet the high power requirements of the pulse system of the component under test, the hydraulic system generally needs to connect the booster cylinder through complex oil circuits, making the overall hydraulic system more complex.
实用新型内容Utility model content
本实用新型提供一种液压系统及压力脉冲试验装置,用以减小现有技术中液压系统整体较为复杂的问题,从而实现液压系统油路的简化。The utility model provides a hydraulic system and a pressure pulse test device to reduce the overall complexity of the hydraulic system in the prior art, thereby simplifying the oil circuit of the hydraulic system.
本实用新型提供一种液压系统,包括:液压泵、进油主路、回油主路、高压泵、进油支路和多路阀;The utility model provides a hydraulic system, which includes: a hydraulic pump, a main oil inlet circuit, a main oil return circuit, a high-pressure pump, an oil inlet branch circuit and a multi-way valve;
所述进油主路用于连通多路阀和油箱;The main oil inlet path is used to connect the multi-way valve and the oil tank;
所述液压泵设置于所述进油主路,用于将所述油箱中的液压油抽运至所述多路阀;The hydraulic pump is arranged on the main oil inlet path and is used to pump the hydraulic oil in the oil tank to the multi-way valve;
所述回油主路连接所述多路阀和所述油箱,用于回油;The main oil return path connects the multi-way valve and the oil tank and is used for oil return;
所述进油支路并联于所述进油主路;The oil inlet branch is connected in parallel to the oil inlet main line;
所述高压泵设置于所述进油支路,用于联合所述液压泵抽运液压油形成高压源;The high-pressure pump is provided in the oil inlet branch and is used to pump hydraulic oil in conjunction with the hydraulic pump to form a high-pressure source;
所述多路阀通过管路连接至待测元件,用于调节流量大小和方向,形成液压脉冲。The multi-way valve is connected to the component under test through a pipeline and is used to adjust the flow size and direction to form a hydraulic pulse.
根据本实用新型提供的一种液压系统,还包括蓄能器,所述蓄能器与所述进油主路连接。According to a hydraulic system provided by the utility model, the hydraulic system further includes an accumulator, and the accumulator is connected to the main oil inlet circuit.
根据本实用新型提供的一种液压系统,所述回油主路和所述进油支路通过可控制通断的回油支路连通;当所述高压泵关闭时,所述回油支路连通,用于供部分回流的液压油补充至所述多路阀;当所述高压泵开启时,所述回油支路断开。According to a hydraulic system provided by the utility model, the main oil return path and the oil inlet branch path are connected through an oil return branch path that can be controlled on and off; when the high-pressure pump is turned off, the oil return branch path Connected to supply partial return hydraulic oil to the multi-way valve; when the high-pressure pump is turned on, the oil return branch is disconnected.
根据本实用新型提供的一种液压系统,所述进油支路上设置有插装阀;所述插装阀包括控制油口、底部油口和侧部油口;所述控制油口与所述底部油口通过阀芯上的阻尼孔连通,并且所述控制油口和所述底部油口串联于所述进油支路;所述侧部油口通过所述回油支路与所述回油主路连通,当所述控制油口无压力时,所述侧部油口与所述底部油口处于连通状态。According to a hydraulic system provided by the utility model, a cartridge valve is provided on the oil inlet branch; the cartridge valve includes a control oil port, a bottom oil port and a side oil port; the control oil port and the The bottom oil port is connected through the damping hole on the valve core, and the control oil port and the bottom oil port are connected in series to the oil inlet branch; the side oil port is connected to the return oil branch through the oil return branch. The main oil circuit is connected. When there is no pressure in the control oil port, the side oil port and the bottom oil port are in a connected state.
根据本实用新型提供的一种液压系统,还包括溢流阀;所述溢流阀的进油口与所述插装阀的控制油口连接,出油口与所述插装阀的侧部油口连接,当油压达到预定值时,所述溢流阀和所述插装阀的侧部油口开启,使液压油回流至所述回油主路。According to a hydraulic system provided by the utility model, it also includes a relief valve; the oil inlet of the relief valve is connected to the control oil port of the cartridge valve, and the oil outlet is connected to the side of the cartridge valve. The oil port is connected. When the oil pressure reaches a predetermined value, the side oil ports of the relief valve and the cartridge valve are opened, allowing the hydraulic oil to return to the main oil return line.
根据本实用新型提供的一种液压系统,还包括用于对油箱内的液压油进行循环冷却的冷却系统。According to the hydraulic system provided by the utility model, the hydraulic system further includes a cooling system for circulating and cooling the hydraulic oil in the oil tank.
根据本实用新型提供的一种液压系统,所述冷却系统包括通过管路连接的水冷装置、风冷装置和循环泵;所述水冷装置和所述风冷装置并联。According to a hydraulic system provided by the present invention, the cooling system includes a water cooling device, an air cooling device and a circulation pump connected through pipelines; the water cooling device and the air cooling device are connected in parallel.
本实用新型还提供一种压力脉冲试验装置,包括上述的液压系统。The utility model also provides a pressure pulse test device, including the above-mentioned hydraulic system.
根据本实用新型提供的一种压力脉冲试验装置,还包括用于安装待测元件的定位架;A pressure pulse test device provided according to the utility model also includes a positioning frame for installing the component to be tested;
所述定位架包括:The positioning frame includes:
相对设置的一对安装板,一对所述安装板上设置有位置相对应的轴孔,用于供销轴穿过并定位待测元件;所述轴孔间隔设置有两组以上。A pair of mounting plates are arranged opposite each other. The pair of mounting plates are provided with corresponding shaft holes for allowing the pin shaft to pass through and position the component to be tested; more than two groups of the shaft holes are provided at intervals.
根据本实用新型提供的一种压力脉冲试验装置,所述定位架还包括可拆卸连接于所述安装板上的定位法兰;所述定位法兰中心位置形成有凸台并设置有通孔;当所述定位法兰连接于所述连接板,所述凸台对应插接于所述轴孔。According to a pressure pulse test device provided by the utility model, the positioning frame further includes a positioning flange detachably connected to the mounting plate; a boss is formed at the center of the positioning flange and is provided with a through hole; When the positioning flange is connected to the connecting plate, the boss is correspondingly inserted into the shaft hole.
根据本实用新型提供的一种压力脉冲试验装置,所述定位架还包括连接件,所述连接件的两端分别与一对所述安装板连接。According to a pressure pulse test device provided by the utility model, the positioning frame further includes a connecting piece, and both ends of the connecting piece are respectively connected to a pair of the mounting plates.
根据本实用新型提供的一种压力脉冲试验装置,所述连接件包括双头螺杆和螺母;所述双头螺杆依次穿过两个所述安装板并通过所述螺母锁紧。According to a pressure pulse test device provided by the present invention, the connecting member includes a double-headed screw and a nut; the double-headed screw passes through the two mounting plates in sequence and is locked by the nut.
有益效果:Beneficial effects:
一、通过设置高压泵可以配合液压泵共同抽运液压油,液压泵和高压泵通过相对较为简单的油路相连即可共同形成高压动力源,而无需通过复杂的油路、气路等连接增压缸,实现了液压系统油路的简化;1. By setting up a high-pressure pump, it can cooperate with the hydraulic pump to jointly pump hydraulic oil. The hydraulic pump and the high-pressure pump can jointly form a high-pressure power source through a relatively simple oil circuit, without the need for additional connections through complex oil circuits, gas circuits, etc. The pressure cylinder simplifies the oil circuit of the hydraulic system;
二、通过合理设置蓄能器,可有效提升脉冲频率,节约能源,保护管路与多路阀等器件;2. By properly setting the accumulator, the pulse frequency can be effectively increased, energy saved, and devices such as pipelines and multi-way valves protected;
三、通过专用定位架,能可靠地满足不同长度的被试油缸伸长于两腔容积相等位置,确保液压回路负载平衡,同时可实现二支以上被试产品同时试验,提升试验效率。3. Through the special positioning frame, the tested cylinders of different lengths can be reliably extended to the position where the two cavities have equal volumes, ensuring the load balance of the hydraulic circuit. At the same time, two or more tested products can be tested at the same time, improving test efficiency.
附图说明Description of the drawings
为了更清楚地说明本实用新型或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作一简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图是本实用新型的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to explain the technical solutions of the present invention or the prior art more clearly, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are: For some embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art can also obtain other drawings based on these drawings without exerting creative efforts.
图1是本实用新型实施例提供的液压系统的结构示意图;Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a hydraulic system provided by an embodiment of the present utility model;
图2是本实用新型实施例提供的定位架的示意图之一;Figure 2 is one of the schematic diagrams of the positioning frame provided by the embodiment of the present utility model;
图3是本实用新型实施例提供的定位架的示意图之二。Figure 3 is the second schematic diagram of the positioning frame provided by the embodiment of the present invention.
附图标记:Reference signs:
10、液压泵;11、进油主路;110、第一阀;111、第一过滤器;112、第一连接点;113、第二连接点;114、第一单向阀;115、第一压力表;116、第一压力传感器;12、回油主路;120、第二阀;121、第二过滤器;13、高压泵;14、进油支路;140、第二单向阀;141、回油支路;142、插装阀;143、溢流阀;144、第二压力表;145、第二压力传感器;15、多路阀;150、第三压力表;151、第三压力传感器;16、油箱;160、液位计;161、温度传感器;17、蓄能器;18、冷却系统;180、循环泵;181、水冷装置;182、风冷装置;19、定位架;190、安装板;191、连接件;192、定位法兰;193、固定件;194、销轴。10. Hydraulic pump; 11. Main oil inlet line; 110. First valve; 111. First filter; 112. First connection point; 113. Second connection point; 114. First one-way valve; 115. No. 1. Pressure gauge; 116. First pressure sensor; 12. Main oil return line; 120. Second valve; 121. Second filter; 13. High-pressure pump; 14. Oil inlet branch; 140. Second one-way valve ; 141. Oil return branch; 142. Cartridge valve; 143. Relief valve; 144. Second pressure gauge; 145. Second pressure sensor; 15. Multi-way valve; 150. Third pressure gauge; 151. No. Three pressure sensors; 16. Oil tank; 160. Liquid level gauge; 161. Temperature sensor; 17. Accumulator; 18. Cooling system; 180. Circulation pump; 181. Water cooling device; 182. Air cooling device; 19. Positioning frame ; 190, mounting plate; 191, connecting piece; 192, positioning flange; 193, fixing piece; 194, pin.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为使本实用新型的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面将结合本实用新型中的附图,对本实用新型中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例是本实用新型一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本实用新型中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本实用新型保护的范围。In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present utility model clearer, the technical solutions in the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are the embodiments of the present utility model. Some, not all, of the new embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present utility model.
为了方便理解本实用新型提供的液压系统及压力脉冲试验装置,首先说明其应用背景,许多零部件例如各种管件、连接件和液压缸等,在研发阶段或出厂前都需要通过各项压力测试,以液压缸为例,需要按要求开展试运行、启动压力特性试验、耐压试验等多项性能检测,压力脉冲试验装置是用于开展压力脉冲试验的设备,其通过内部的液压系统来形成压力脉冲。In order to facilitate the understanding of the hydraulic system and pressure pulse test device provided by this utility model, its application background is first explained. Many parts, such as various pipe fittings, connectors and hydraulic cylinders, need to pass various pressure tests during the research and development stage or before leaving the factory. Taking the hydraulic cylinder as an example, it is necessary to carry out multiple performance tests such as trial operation, starting pressure characteristic test, and pressure resistance test as required. The pressure pulse test device is a device used to carry out pressure pulse tests, which is formed through the internal hydraulic system. pressure pulse.
相关技术中,液压系统一般包括液压泵、伺服阀和换向阀等部件,通过各部件的互相配合,形成多种波形和频段的压力脉冲,从而适用于液压缸不同性能的检测。In related technologies, hydraulic systems generally include components such as hydraulic pumps, servo valves, and reversing valves. Through the cooperation of each component, pressure pulses of various waveforms and frequency bands are formed, which is suitable for testing different performances of hydraulic cylinders.
为了得到较高的压力源,以满足待测元件对脉冲系统大功率的需求,液压系统一般需要通过复杂的油路连接增压器、增压缸等增压设备,导致液压系统整体较为复杂。因此,本实用新型提供了一种液压系统及压力脉冲试验装置,通过相对较为简单的油路相连即可获得高压动力源,实现液压系统油路的简化。In order to obtain a higher pressure source to meet the high power requirements of the pulse system of the component under test, the hydraulic system generally needs to connect superchargers, booster cylinders and other boosting equipment through complex oil lines, making the overall hydraulic system more complex. Therefore, the utility model provides a hydraulic system and a pressure pulse test device, which can obtain a high-pressure power source through a relatively simple oil circuit connection, thereby simplifying the hydraulic system oil circuit.
下面结合图1-图3描述本实用新型的液压系统及压力脉冲试验装置。The hydraulic system and pressure pulse test device of the present invention will be described below with reference to Figures 1-3.
参照图1,一种液压系统,包括液压泵10、进油主路11、回油主路12、高压泵13、进油支路14和多路阀15;其中,进油主路11的两端分别与油箱16以及多路阀15连通,液压泵10设置于进油主路11,用于将油箱16中的液压油抽运至多路阀15,多路阀15通过管路连接至待测元件,通过多路阀15可以调节液压油的流量大小、压力及流向,从而形成多种波形的液压脉冲。Referring to Figure 1, a hydraulic system includes a hydraulic pump 10, a main oil inlet path 11, a main oil return path 12, a high-pressure pump 13, an oil inlet branch path 14 and a multi-way valve 15; wherein, the two main oil inlet paths 11 The two ends are connected to the oil tank 16 and the multi-way valve 15 respectively. The hydraulic pump 10 is arranged on the main oil inlet road 11 for pumping the hydraulic oil in the oil tank 16 to the multi-way valve 15. The multi-way valve 15 is connected to the device under test through a pipeline. Component, the flow size, pressure and flow direction of the hydraulic oil can be adjusted through the multi-way valve 15, thereby forming various waveforms of hydraulic pulses.
回油主路12一端与多路阀15的回油口连通,另一端与油箱16连通,用于回油;进油支路14与进油主路11并联设置,高压泵13设置于进油支路14,通过高压泵13,可以联合液压泵10共同抽运液压油,从而形成高压动力源,满足待测元件对脉冲系统大功率的需求。One end of the main oil return line 12 is connected to the oil return port of the multi-way valve 15, and the other end is connected to the oil tank 16 for oil return; the oil inlet branch 14 is set up in parallel with the main oil inlet line 11, and the high-pressure pump 13 is set up at the oil inlet. The branch circuit 14, through the high-pressure pump 13, can be combined with the hydraulic pump 10 to jointly pump hydraulic oil, thereby forming a high-pressure power source to meet the high power requirements of the pulse system for the component under test.
在实际应用时,通过液压泵10可以将油箱16中的液压油抽运至多路阀15中,通过多路阀15对流量大小、压力及流向的调节,可以形成多种波形的液压脉冲;高压泵13可以配合液压泵10共同抽运液压油,二者通过相对较为简单的油路相连即可共同形成高压动力源,而无需通过复杂的油路、气路等连接增压缸,实现了液压系统油路的简化。In practical applications, the hydraulic oil in the tank 16 can be pumped to the multi-way valve 15 through the hydraulic pump 10. By adjusting the flow size, pressure and flow direction of the multi-way valve 15, various waveforms of hydraulic pulses can be formed; high pressure The pump 13 can cooperate with the hydraulic pump 10 to jointly pump hydraulic oil. The two can jointly form a high-pressure power source through a relatively simple oil circuit, without the need to connect the booster cylinder through complex oil circuits, gas circuits, etc., thus realizing hydraulic pressure. Simplification of system oil circuit.
进油主路11上靠近油箱16的位置连接有第一阀110和第一过滤器111;其中,第一阀110用于控制进油主路11的流量;第一过滤器111位于第一阀110的下游,用于对抽送至多路阀15的液压油进行过滤,保证多路阀15的正常运转。同样的,回油主路12上连接有第二阀120和第二过滤器121,其中,第二阀120用于控制回油主路12的通断,第二过滤器121位于第二阀120的上游,用于对回流的液压油进行过滤,避免杂质回流至油箱16。A first valve 110 and a first filter 111 are connected to the main oil inlet line 11 close to the oil tank 16; the first valve 110 is used to control the flow of the main oil inlet line 11; the first filter 111 is located at the first valve The downstream of 110 is used to filter the hydraulic oil pumped to the multi-way valve 15 to ensure the normal operation of the multi-way valve 15. Similarly, the main oil return line 12 is connected with a second valve 120 and a second filter 121 , where the second valve 120 is used to control the on/off of the main oil return line 12 , and the second filter 121 is located on the second valve 120 upstream, used to filter the returning hydraulic oil to prevent impurities from returning to the oil tank 16.
进油支路14的进油端与进油主路11相连接,形成位于上游的第一连接点112,进油支路14的出油端与进油主路11相连接,形成位于下游的第二连接点113。第一连接点112位于第一过滤器111的下游,液压泵10位于第一连接点112和第二连接点113之间。The oil inlet end of the oil inlet branch 14 is connected to the main oil inlet 11 to form a first connection point 112 located upstream. The oil outlet end of the oil inlet branch 14 is connected to the main oil inlet 11 to form a downstream connection point 112 . Second connection point 113. The first connection point 112 is located downstream of the first filter 111 and the hydraulic pump 10 is located between the first connection point 112 and the second connection point 113 .
当液压泵10和高压泵13同时启动时,抽运上来的液压油经过第一过滤器111过滤后,一部分通过进油主路11,另一部分通过进油支路14,两部分液压油汇集后流入多路阀15中,从而提供高压源。When the hydraulic pump 10 and the high-pressure pump 13 are started at the same time, after the pumped hydraulic oil is filtered by the first filter 111, part of it passes through the main oil inlet line 11, and the other part passes through the oil inlet branch line 14. After the two parts of the hydraulic oil are collected, flows into the multi-way valve 15, thereby providing a high-pressure source.
另一个实施例中,还可以使进油支路14的进油端直接与油箱16相连,当液压泵10和高压泵13同时启动时,通过液压泵10和高压泵13抽运上来的液压油汇集后流入多路阀15。可以理解的是,当进油支路14如此设置时,可以在进油支路14上设置阀门和过滤器,从而对流经进油支路14的液压油进行过滤和调节。In another embodiment, the oil inlet end of the oil inlet branch 14 can also be directly connected to the oil tank 16. When the hydraulic pump 10 and the high-pressure pump 13 are started at the same time, the hydraulic oil pumped up through the hydraulic pump 10 and the high-pressure pump 13 After collecting, it flows into the multi-way valve 15. It can be understood that when the oil inlet branch 14 is configured in this way, a valve and a filter can be provided on the oil inlet branch 14 to filter and regulate the hydraulic oil flowing through the oil inlet branch 14 .
液压泵10的下游连接有蓄能器17,通过液压泵10可以向蓄能器17中充压蓄能,蓄能器17工作时,其瞬时排出的液压油可以增大液压油的流量,从而补充水锤波产生时所需的大流量。同时,通过合理设置蓄能器17,可有效提升脉冲频率,节约能源,保护管路与多路阀15等器件。An accumulator 17 is connected downstream of the hydraulic pump 10, and the accumulator 17 can be charged with pressure and energy through the hydraulic pump 10. When the accumulator 17 is working, the hydraulic oil it discharges instantaneously can increase the flow rate of the hydraulic oil, thereby increasing the flow rate of the hydraulic oil. Supplement the large flow required when water hammer waves are generated. At the same time, by properly setting the accumulator 17, the pulse frequency can be effectively increased, energy can be saved, and components such as pipelines and multi-way valves 15 can be protected.
具体的,蓄能器17与进油主路11的连接点位于第一连接点112和第二连接点113之间,从而使蓄能器17可以配合液压泵10、液压泵10和高压泵13形成不同大小的水锤波。Specifically, the connection point between the accumulator 17 and the main oil inlet line 11 is located between the first connection point 112 and the second connection point 113 , so that the accumulator 17 can cooperate with the hydraulic pump 10 , the hydraulic pump 10 and the high-pressure pump 13 Water hammer waves of different sizes are formed.
蓄能器17与液压泵10之间设置有第一单向阀114,高压泵13的下游设置有第二单向阀140。通过第一单向阀114和第二单向阀140可以避免液压油倒流。A first one-way valve 114 is provided between the accumulator 17 and the hydraulic pump 10 , and a second one-way valve 140 is provided downstream of the high-pressure pump 13 . The first one-way valve 114 and the second one-way valve 140 can prevent the hydraulic oil from flowing back.
进油主路11上位于第二连接点113的下游设置有第一压力表115和第一压力传感器116,通过第一压力表115可以监测进入换向阀内的油压大小,通过第一压力传感器116可以将压力信号反馈至PLC控制器,从而对液压泵10、高压泵13的运行状态进行调控。The main oil inlet line 11 is provided with a first pressure gauge 115 and a first pressure sensor 116 downstream of the second connection point 113. The first pressure gauge 115 can monitor the oil pressure entering the reversing valve. Through the first pressure gauge 115 The sensor 116 can feedback the pressure signal to the PLC controller to regulate the operating status of the hydraulic pump 10 and the high-pressure pump 13 .
回油主路12与进油支路14通过可控制通断的回油支路141连通;当高压泵13关闭时,回油支路141连通,通过回油支路141可以使回流的部分液压油补充至多路阀15;当高压泵13开启时,回油支路141断开,避免高压状态的液压油通过回油支路141回流至回流主路中。The main oil return path 12 and the oil inlet branch path 14 are connected through the oil return branch path 141 that can be controlled on and off; when the high-pressure pump 13 is turned off, the oil return branch path 141 is connected, and part of the return hydraulic pressure can be released through the oil return branch path 141 The oil is replenished to the multi-way valve 15; when the high-pressure pump 13 is turned on, the oil return branch 141 is disconnected to prevent the high-pressure hydraulic oil from flowing back into the main return path through the oil return branch 141.
具体的,进油支路14上设置有插装阀142,插装阀142具有控制油口、底部油口和侧部油口三个油口,其中插装阀142的控制油口和底部油口通过阀芯上的阻尼孔相连通,并且控制油口和底部油口串联于进油支路14上。在阀芯内弹簧的作用下,阀芯抬起,侧部油口和底部油口处于连通的状态,上述的回油支路141与侧部油口相连通。当高压泵13处于关闭状态时,控制油口无压力,侧部油口和底部油口处于连通状态,回流的部分液压油流经回油支路141、插装阀142和进油支路14,并通过进油主路11流回多路阀15,从而对多路阀15的液压油进行补充。Specifically, the oil inlet branch 14 is provided with a cartridge valve 142. The cartridge valve 142 has three oil ports: a control oil port, a bottom oil port, and a side oil port. The control oil port and the bottom oil port of the cartridge valve 142 are The control oil port and the bottom oil port are connected in series to the oil inlet branch 14. Under the action of the spring in the valve core, the valve core is lifted, the side oil port and the bottom oil port are connected, and the above-mentioned oil return branch 141 is connected with the side oil port. When the high-pressure pump 13 is in a closed state, there is no pressure at the control oil port, the side oil port and the bottom oil port are connected, and part of the returned hydraulic oil flows through the oil return branch 141, the cartridge valve 142 and the oil inlet branch 14 , and flows back to the multi-way valve 15 through the main oil inlet line 11, thereby replenishing the hydraulic oil of the multi-way valve 15.
当高压泵13处于开启状态时,控制油口处于高压并压缩阀芯,使侧部油口关闭,高压液压油通过阀芯上的阻尼孔流通并进入进油主路11,补充高压源。When the high-pressure pump 13 is in the open state, the control oil port is at high pressure and compresses the valve core, causing the side oil port to close. The high-pressure hydraulic oil flows through the damping hole on the valve core and enters the main oil inlet line 11 to supplement the high-pressure source.
需要说明的是,插装阀142为成熟的现有技术,根据实际需求,各种型号的插装阀142均可通过市售获得,上述仅是对插装阀142结构以及工作原理的简述,可以理解的是,插装阀142本身还具备其他结构,但因其具体结构并非本实用新型的主要发明点,且本实用新型并未对插装阀142内部的结构做出任何改变,因而对其具体结构不再赘述。It should be noted that the cartridge valve 142 is a mature existing technology. According to actual needs, various types of cartridge valves 142 are commercially available. The above is only a brief description of the structure and working principle of the cartridge valve 142. , it can be understood that the cartridge valve 142 itself also has other structures, but its specific structure is not the main invention of the present utility model, and the present utility model does not make any changes to the internal structure of the cartridge valve 142, so The specific structure will not be described again.
液压系统还包括溢流阀143,用于对进油支路14内的油压进行调控;具体的,溢流阀143的进油口与插装阀142的控制油口连接,出油口与插装阀142的侧部油口连接;当高压泵13运行时,在高压液压油的作用下,压缩阀芯使阀芯下压,关闭侧部油口,液压油通过阀芯上的阻尼孔流通;当压力异常增高至溢流阀143的设定压力,溢流阀143开启,控制油口与侧部油口相连通,在插装阀142内弹簧的作用下阀芯抬起,侧部油口开启,从而使高压液压油通过溢流阀143和插装阀142的侧部油口流入回流支路泄压。The hydraulic system also includes a relief valve 143, which is used to regulate the oil pressure in the oil inlet branch 14; specifically, the oil inlet of the relief valve 143 is connected to the control oil port of the cartridge valve 142, and the oil outlet is connected to the control oil port of the cartridge valve 142. The side oil port of the cartridge valve 142 is connected; when the high-pressure pump 13 is running, under the action of high-pressure hydraulic oil, the valve core is compressed to push the valve core down, closing the side oil port, and the hydraulic oil passes through the damping hole on the valve core. circulation; when the pressure abnormally increases to the set pressure of the relief valve 143, the relief valve 143 opens, and the control oil port is connected with the side oil port. Under the action of the spring in the cartridge valve 142, the valve core lifts, and the side The oil port is opened, allowing high-pressure hydraulic oil to flow into the return branch through the relief valve 143 and the side oil port of the cartridge valve 142 to relieve pressure.
进油支路14上连接有第二压力表144和第二压力传感器145;通过第二压力表144可以监测进油支路14内的油压;第二压力传感器145可以生成压力信号并反馈至PLC控制器,通过PLC控制器调节高压泵13的运行状态,如此,压力异常时可紧急停机,保证试验的安全性。A second pressure gauge 144 and a second pressure sensor 145 are connected to the oil inlet branch 14; the second pressure gauge 144 can monitor the oil pressure in the oil inlet branch 14; the second pressure sensor 145 can generate a pressure signal and feed it back to The PLC controller adjusts the operating status of the high-pressure pump 13 through the PLC controller. In this way, it can be shut down in an emergency when the pressure is abnormal to ensure the safety of the test.
多路阀15由电比例阀和溢流阀143集合而成,从而起到压力控制、流量控制和换向等功能,多路阀15为成熟的现有技术,多种型号的多路阀15根据实际需求均可通过市售获得,且其具体结构并非本实用新型的主要改进点,因而对其具体结构不再赘述。The multi-way valve 15 is composed of an electric proportional valve and a relief valve 143, thereby performing functions such as pressure control, flow control and reversing. The multi-way valve 15 is a mature existing technology, and various types of multi-way valves 15 They can all be commercially available according to actual needs, and their specific structures are not the main improvement points of the present invention, so their specific structures will not be described again.
通过人机界面设置将试验所需的推拉力参数值给PLC控制器,经内部算法输出电流信号给电比例阀放大器,电比例阀组控制是通过电磁线圈产生的电磁力控制阀组的切换,由于电磁线圈产生的电磁力是和电流的大小成正比的,因此用PLC控制电磁线圈电流就能得到需要的压力和流速,从而使待测油缸获得轴线方向上的速度和压力,实现自动控制。The push-pull force parameter value required for the test is given to the PLC controller through the human-machine interface setting, and the current signal is output to the electric proportional valve amplifier through the internal algorithm. The electric proportional valve group control is to control the switching of the valve group through the electromagnetic force generated by the solenoid coil. Since the electromagnetic force generated by the electromagnetic coil is proportional to the size of the current, the required pressure and flow rate can be obtained by controlling the electromagnetic coil current with PLC, so that the cylinder to be tested can obtain the speed and pressure in the axis direction and realize automatic control.
多路阀15通过管路连接有一个或一个以上的工位,具体可以根据实际需求进行选择;本实施例中,多路阀15通过两组管路连接有两个工位,通过两个工位,可同时满足两个待测元件独立或同时试验,缩短试验周期,从而节约试验的成本。The multi-way valve 15 has one or more work stations connected through pipelines, which can be selected according to actual needs; in this embodiment, the multi-way valve 15 has two work stations connected through two sets of pipelines. position, it can meet the requirements of independent or simultaneous testing of two components under test at the same time, shortening the test cycle, thereby saving test costs.
多路阀15与待测元件相连的管路上设置有第三压力表150和第三压力传感器151;通过第三压力表150,可以对输入待测元件中液压油的压力进行检测;第三压力传感器151可以将压力信号转化为电信号并反馈至PLC控制器,调控多路阀15的工作状态。A third pressure gauge 150 and a third pressure sensor 151 are provided on the pipeline connecting the multi-way valve 15 to the component to be tested; through the third pressure gauge 150, the pressure of the hydraulic oil input to the component to be tested can be detected; the third pressure The sensor 151 can convert the pressure signal into an electrical signal and feed it back to the PLC controller to control the working status of the multi-way valve 15 .
液压系统还包括用于对油箱16内的液压油进行循环冷却的冷却系统18。具体的,冷却系统18包括通过管路连接的循环泵180、水冷装置181和风冷装置182;其中,水冷装置181和风冷装置182均为成熟的现有技术,且可通过市售获得,二者通过管路并联设置,通过循环泵180可以使液压油在风冷装置182、水冷装置181和油箱16之间循环,从而对液压油进行降温,保证装置长时间的正常使用。The hydraulic system also includes a cooling system 18 for circulating and cooling the hydraulic oil in the oil tank 16 . Specifically, the cooling system 18 includes a circulation pump 180, a water cooling device 181 and an air cooling device 182 connected through pipelines; wherein, the water cooling device 181 and the air cooling device 182 are mature existing technologies and are commercially available. The two are arranged in parallel through pipelines, and the circulation pump 180 can circulate the hydraulic oil between the air cooling device 182, the water cooling device 181 and the oil tank 16, thereby cooling the hydraulic oil and ensuring the normal use of the device for a long time.
可以理解的是,同样可以在冷却系统18的管路上设置阀门和过滤器,从而对进出油箱16的液压油进行过滤,避免杂质进入油箱18或冷却系统18中,保证液压系统的正常运行。It can be understood that valves and filters can also be provided on the pipelines of the cooling system 18 to filter the hydraulic oil entering and leaving the oil tank 16 to prevent impurities from entering the oil tank 18 or the cooling system 18 and ensure the normal operation of the hydraulic system.
油箱16上连接有液位计160和温度传感器161;其中液位计160可以对油箱16内的液位进行监测;温度传感器161可以对液压油的温度进行监测,并将温度信号反馈至PLC控制器中,控制冷却系统18的工作状态。The oil tank 16 is connected with a liquid level gauge 160 and a temperature sensor 161; the liquid level gauge 160 can monitor the liquid level in the oil tank 16; the temperature sensor 161 can monitor the temperature of the hydraulic oil and feed back the temperature signal to the PLC control In the device, the working status of the cooling system 18 is controlled.
下面对本实用新型提供的压力脉冲试验装置进行描述,下文描述的压力脉冲试验装置与上文描述的液压系统可相互对应参照。The pressure pulse test device provided by the present invention is described below. The pressure pulse test device described below and the hydraulic system described above can be mutually referenced.
参照图2和图3,一种压力脉冲试验装置,包括试验台、定位架19以及上述的液压系统;定位架19设置于试验台上,用于安装并对待测气缸进行定位。Referring to Figures 2 and 3, a pressure pulse test device includes a test bench, a positioning frame 19 and the above-mentioned hydraulic system; the positioning frame 19 is provided on the test bench and is used to install and position the cylinder to be tested.
具体的,定位架19整体采用金属材料制成,当被试样品失效或液压管路失效时,可以起到防护作用,因而具有稳定可靠、便于使用的特点。Specifically, the positioning frame 19 is made of metal material as a whole, and can play a protective role when the test sample fails or the hydraulic pipeline fails, so it is stable, reliable, and easy to use.
具体的,定位架19包括安装板190、连接件191、定位法兰192和固定件193;其中定位板相对设置有一对,并通过焊接的方式固定连接于试验台上。两个安装板190上设置有位置相对应的轴孔,轴孔间隔设置有至少两组。通过选择不同位置的轴孔,可满足多种不同行程的油缸脉动加压试验。Specifically, the positioning frame 19 includes a mounting plate 190, a connecting piece 191, a positioning flange 192 and a fixing piece 193; a pair of positioning plates are arranged opposite each other and are fixedly connected to the test bench by welding. The two mounting plates 190 are provided with corresponding shaft holes, and at least two groups of shaft holes are spaced apart. By selecting shaft holes at different positions, various cylinder pulsation pressure tests with different strokes can be met.
连接件191包括双头螺栓和螺母,双头螺栓依次穿过两个安装板190后通过螺母锁紧。通过连接件191可以整体连接两个安装板190,从而提高定位架19的整体强度。The connecting member 191 includes stud bolts and nuts. The stud bolts pass through the two mounting plates 190 in sequence and are locked by the nuts. The two mounting plates 190 can be integrally connected through the connecting piece 191, thereby improving the overall strength of the positioning frame 19.
可以理解的是,双头螺栓和螺母仅是连接件191诸多结构中的一种,另一个实施例中,连接件191还可以采用普通的螺栓,或者采用其他两端分别与两个安装板190连接的杆状构件。It can be understood that stud bolts and nuts are only one of the many structures of the connecting member 191. In another embodiment, the connecting member 191 can also use ordinary bolts, or use other ends to connect with the two mounting plates 190 respectively. Connected rod-like members.
定位法兰192的中心位置形成有凸台,并且其中心设置有孔,定位法兰192通过固定件193可拆卸的连接于安装板190上,其凸台对应插接于轴孔中。通过更换不同型号的定位法兰192,可以适配耳环型号不同的液压缸。具体的,固定件193采用螺钉。A boss is formed in the center of the positioning flange 192, and a hole is provided in the center. The positioning flange 192 is detachably connected to the mounting plate 190 through the fixing member 193, and the boss is correspondingly inserted into the shaft hole. By replacing the positioning flange 192 of different types, it can be adapted to hydraulic cylinders with different earring types. Specifically, the fixing member 193 uses screws.
实际在安装待测油缸时,首先根据液压缸的行程选择合适位置的轴孔,然后根据液压缸杆头和缸体上耳环的型号,选择合适的定位法兰192,将定位法兰192通过固定件193连接到安装板190上,并与特定位置的轴孔相配合,然后使用销轴194穿过定位法兰192中心的通孔,完成液压缸的连接。When actually installing the cylinder to be tested, first select the shaft hole at the appropriate position according to the stroke of the hydraulic cylinder, then select the appropriate positioning flange 192 according to the model of the hydraulic cylinder rod head and the earring on the cylinder body, and fix the positioning flange 192 through The component 193 is connected to the mounting plate 190 and matches with the shaft hole at a specific position, and then the pin 194 is used to pass through the through hole in the center of the positioning flange 192 to complete the connection of the hydraulic cylinder.
本实用新型的新创点在于:通过液压泵10可以将油箱16中的液压油抽运至多路阀15中,通过多路阀15对流量大小、压力及流向的调节,可以形成多种波形的液压脉冲,高压泵13可以配合液压泵10共同抽运液压油,二者通过相对较为简单的油路相连即可共同形成高压动力源,而无需通过复杂的油路、气路等连接增压缸,实现了液压系统油路的简化;通过合理设置蓄能器17,可有效提升脉冲频率,节约能源,保护管路与多路阀15等器件;通过专用定位架19,能可靠地满足不同长度的被试油缸伸长于两腔容积相等位置,确保液压回路负载平衡,同时可实现二支以上被试产品同时试验,提升试验效率。The novelty of this utility model is that the hydraulic oil in the tank 16 can be pumped to the multi-way valve 15 through the hydraulic pump 10, and various waveforms can be formed by adjusting the flow size, pressure and flow direction through the multi-way valve 15. Hydraulic pulse, high-pressure pump 13 can cooperate with the hydraulic pump 10 to jointly pump hydraulic oil. The two can jointly form a high-pressure power source through a relatively simple oil circuit, without the need to connect the booster cylinder through complex oil circuits, gas circuits, etc. , realizing the simplification of the oil circuit of the hydraulic system; by rationally setting the accumulator 17, the pulse frequency can be effectively increased, saving energy, and protecting the pipeline and multi-way valve 15 and other devices; through the special positioning frame 19, it can reliably meet the requirements of different lengths The tested oil cylinder is extended at a position where the volumes of the two chambers are equal to ensure the load balance of the hydraulic circuit. At the same time, more than two tested products can be tested at the same time, improving test efficiency.
最后应说明的是:以上实施例仅用以说明本实用新型的技术方案,而非对其限制;尽管参照前述实施例对本实用新型进行了详细的说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解:其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换;而这些修改或者替换,并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本实用新型各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: The technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments can still be modified, or some of the technical features can be equivalently replaced; and these modifications or substitutions do not deviate from the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention. and scope.
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