CN219867832U - Power generation system capable of improving generating capacity of garbage per ton - Google Patents

Power generation system capable of improving generating capacity of garbage per ton Download PDF

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Publication number
CN219867832U
CN219867832U CN202320256732.1U CN202320256732U CN219867832U CN 219867832 U CN219867832 U CN 219867832U CN 202320256732 U CN202320256732 U CN 202320256732U CN 219867832 U CN219867832 U CN 219867832U
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water
heat exchanger
steam
air
garbage
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CN202320256732.1U
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徐丽婷
胡国荣
周民星
方杨
沈宏伟
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Everbright Envirotech China Ltd
Everbright Environmental Protection Research Institute Nanjing Co Ltd
Everbright Environmental Protection Technology Research Institute Shenzhen Co Ltd
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Everbright Envirotech China Ltd
Everbright Environmental Protection Research Institute Nanjing Co Ltd
Everbright Environmental Protection Technology Research Institute Shenzhen Co Ltd
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Abstract

The utility model provides a power generation system for improving the power generation capacity of each ton of garbage, and belongs to the technical field of garbage power generation. The utility model comprises a garbage incineration boiler, a solar heat collection device, an air-steam heat exchanger, a garbage bin, a water-water heat exchanger, a water supply pump, a steam turbine, a condenser, a condensate pump, a low-pressure heater and a deaerator, wherein the water outlet end of the garbage incineration boiler is communicated with the water inlet end of the solar heat collection device, the steam outlet end of the solar heat collection device is communicated with the air inlet of the steam-air heat exchanger, the air outlet of the air-steam heat exchanger is communicated with the garbage bin, the water outlet of the air-steam heat exchanger is communicated with the water inlet of the water-water heat exchanger, the water-water heat exchanger is communicated with the water inlet of the deaerator, and the water outlet of the deaerator is communicated to the water inlet end of the garbage incineration boiler through the water supply pump; the gas outlet end of the garbage incineration boiler is communicated with the gas inlet of the steam turbine. The utility model can improve the calorific value of garbage burned in the furnace and the generating capacity of the unit.

Description

Power generation system capable of improving generating capacity of garbage per ton
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of garbage power generation, and particularly relates to a power generation system for improving the power generation capacity of garbage per ton.
Background
The rapid development of solar thermal power generation technology is concerned worldwide, but the problems of overhigh power generation cost, unstable operation and the like exist in a single solar thermal power generation system, and the single solar thermal power generation system is easy to generate frequent start-stop and load fluctuation problems, which affect the power generation efficiency and the safe operation life cycle of a unit, so the solar photo-thermal development is limited. Solar energy is integrated into units such as coal-fired power generation, biomass power generation and garbage power generation to perform thermal complementary power generation of solar energy, coal, biomass and other energy sources, a novel solar thermal power generation system is developed, and the problems of unstable solar energy utilization, high cost and the like can be solved.
At present, solar thermal power generation is mostly concentrated on an indirect generating system, namely heat conduction oil is used as an intermediate medium to obtain heat in a trough type heat collector, and the heat exchanger (or a heat storage molten salt system) is used for heating water to generate steam, but the heat utilization rate of the system is reduced, the construction cost of the system is increased, and meanwhile, hidden danger of environmental pollution exists due to the use of the heat conduction oil.
Winter operation is often challenging for most waste incineration plants. The temperature in the garbage bin is lower in winter, and the temperature in the garbage bin is lower and cannot meet the optimal fermentation requirement. 15. The temperature is the lowest temperature of the fermentation degradation of the household garbage, and the temperature of a garbage bin of a garbage incineration plant in winter is generally below 15 ℃; the waste in the northern waste incineration power plant often contains a large amount of ice and snow, and the fermentation effect is extremely poor. The heat value of the garbage fed into the garbage incineration power plant is low, the burning and burning are difficult, the furnace temperature is difficult to control, the power generation efficiency of the whole plant is reduced, and the safety, stability and economic operation of the unit are affected.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems, the utility model provides a power generation system for improving the power generation capacity of garbage per ton by coupling solar energy, which is characterized in that solar energy is transmitted to a garbage bin through a direct solar steam generator to heat condensed water, so that the garbage is fully fermented to improve the heat value of garbage entering a furnace, and meanwhile, the extraction steam used by an air preheater of a part and the extraction steam used by a low-pressure heater of a part are displaced, so that the thermal efficiency of a whole plant and the power generation capacity of garbage per ton are improved, and the power generation power of a unit is improved.
The technical scheme of the utility model is as follows:
the utility model provides a promote generating system of every ton rubbish generated energy, includes waste incineration boiler, solar heat collector, air-steam heat exchanger, garbage bin, water-water heat exchanger, feed pump, steam turbine, condenser, condensate pump, low pressure heater, deaerator, waste incineration boiler's play water end with solar heat collector's inlet end communicates, solar heat collector's steam connects out the end with air-steam heat exchanger's inlet end communicates, air-steam heat exchanger's play air end with garbage bin communicates, air-steam heat exchanger's play air end with water-water heat exchanger's water inlet communicates, water-water heat exchanger's delivery port with deaerator's water inlet communicates, deaerator's delivery port communicates through the water pump to waste incineration boiler's inlet end; the gas outlet end of the garbage incineration boiler is communicated with the gas inlet of the steam turbine so as to drive the generator connected with the steam turbine to operate.
Further, the steam turbine is sequentially communicated with the condenser, the condensate pump, the low-pressure heater and the water-water heat exchanger.
Further, the air-steam heat exchanger is also connected with a fan.
Further, a hot air pipe is arranged at the unloading door of the garbage bin and is connected with the air outlet of the air-steam heat exchanger.
Furthermore, the solar heat collector adopts a direct groove type solar heat collector.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:
1. the solar energy is integrated into the garbage incineration power plant, solar energy and household garbage are used as input energy sources, CO2 is not additionally discharged, and under the condition of solar radiation, the garbage incinerator, the waste heat boiler power generation system, the solar energy heat absorption and conversion system and the steam turbine power generation system are operated in a combined mode; when the solar radiation or the heat collector system is not needed to be checked and maintained, the solar system is disconnected, and the garbage incineration power plant normally operates, so that the problem of unstable operation of the independent solar thermal power generation system can be solved, the independent solar thermal power generation cost is reduced, and the overall power generation efficiency of the novel system is improved.
2. By conveying part of high-temperature water of the boiler to the solar heat collection device, the heat of solar radiation is absorbed to become saturated steam, and the saturated steam enters the air-steam preheater to heat the internal circulation air, so that the temperature in the garbage bin can be increased, the garbage fermentation degree in the garbage bin is promoted, the heat value of garbage burnt in the boiler is increased, and the generating power of a unit is increased.
3. The condensed water from the primary low-pressure heater is heated by conveying the high-temperature drainage after heat exchange to the water-water heat exchanger, so that the low-pressure steam extraction share of part of the steam turbine can be displaced, and the generating power of the unit is increased.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a power generation system in accordance with an embodiment of the present utility model;
in the figure: the garbage incinerator comprises a steam turbine 1, a generator 2, a garbage incineration boiler 3, a condenser 4, a condensate pump 5, a deaerator 6, a low-pressure heater 7, a hot air pipe 8, a discharging door 9, a garbage bin 10, a fan 11, an air-steam heat exchanger 12, a water supply pump 13, a water-water heat exchanger 14 and a solar heat collecting device 15.
Description of the embodiments
The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present utility model, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, but not all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative efforts fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.
Referring to fig. 1, the utility model provides a power generation system for improving the power generation capacity of each ton of garbage, which comprises a garbage incineration boiler 3, a solar heat collection device 15, an air-steam heat exchanger 12, a garbage bin 10, a water-water heat exchanger 14, a water supply pump 13, a steam turbine 1, a condenser 4, a condensate pump 5 and a low-pressure heater 7, wherein the water outlet end of the garbage incineration boiler 3 is communicated with the water inlet end of the solar heat collection device 15, the steam outlet end of the solar heat collection device 15 is communicated with the air inlet of the air-steam heat exchanger 12, the air outlet of the air-steam heat exchanger 12 is communicated with the garbage bin 10, the water outlet of the air-steam heat exchanger 12 is communicated with the water inlet of the water-water heat exchanger 14, the water-water heat exchanger 14 is communicated with the liquid inlet of a deaerator 6, and the water outlet of the deaerator 6 is communicated to the water inlet end of the garbage incineration boiler 3 through the water supply pump 13; the gas outlet end of the garbage incineration boiler 3 is communicated with the gas inlet of the steam turbine 1 so as to drive the generator 2 connected with the steam turbine 1 to operate; the steam turbine 1 is sequentially communicated with a condenser 4, a condensate pump 5, a low-pressure heater 7 and a water-water heat exchanger 14.
The air-steam heat exchanger 12 is also connected with a fan 11, and the fan 11 can provide circulating cold air for the air-steam heat exchanger 12 to be input into the garbage bin 10.
The garbage bin 10 is provided with the hot air pipe 8 in the position of the discharging door 9, the hot air pipe 8 is connected with the air outlet of the air-steam heat exchanger 12, the hot air pipe 8 for conveying hot air is arranged in the position of the discharging door 9 of the garbage bin 10, a view blind area of the garbage grab bucket does not exist, the damage to the air pipe is avoided, meanwhile, the air in the garbage bin is heated to generate local instant high temperature, and the air port is not easy to generate blocking corrosion.
The solar heat collector 15 adopts a direct type trough solar heat collector, and high-temperature water fed after the coal economizer is heated into saturated steam in the heat collector and sent to the air-preheater 12 to heat air; compared with a heat conduction oil groove type solar heat collection field, heat is obtained in a groove type heat collector by taking heat conduction oil as an intermediate medium, and steam is generated by heating water through a heat exchanger (or a heat storage molten salt system), so that the heat utilization rate of the system can be reduced, the construction cost of the system is increased, and meanwhile, the hidden danger of environmental pollution exists due to the use of the heat conduction oil. The tank type solar direct steam technology uses water to replace heat conduction oil, so that the risk of environmental pollution is reduced; the oil-gas heat exchanger and accessories thereof are omitted, so that the energy loss of a heat exchange link is reduced, and the investment cost is greatly reduced; the steam running temperature is slightly lower than the oil temperature, so that the thermal stress of the heat collecting pipe is reduced to a certain extent, and the service life of the heat collecting pipe is prolonged; the system structure is simplified, and the operation cost is reduced.
The power generation system for improving the power generation capacity of each ton of garbage provided by the utility model has the following two conditions when specifically running:
first, when solar energy is available, the operational flow of the power generation system is as follows:
the boiler feed water of the waste incineration power plant at about 130 ℃ is pressurized by a feed pump 13 and then is conveyed to an economizer heat exchange tube bundle in the waste incineration boiler 3 to exchange heat with waste incineration flue gas, the temperature is further increased, and the boiler feed water heated by the economizer is respectively pumped into a solar heat collector 15 and a steam drum in the waste incineration boiler 3.
Boiler feed water entering the solar heat collection device 15 is directly heated into saturated steam by solar energy, enters the air-steam heat exchanger 12 and is used as a heat source to heat circulating cold air entering the garbage bin; a certain amount of internal circulation cold air is heated to 70-80 ℃ by high-temperature saturated steam in an air-steam heat exchanger 12, and then is sent to a tuyere at the wall of a front ditch pool through a hot air pipe 8 to enter a garbage bin 10; the temperature of the hot air is reduced to 28-30 ℃ after the hot air is combined with the air supplementing in the garbage bin 10, and the garbage in the garbage bin 10 is fully fermented at the air temperature.
After the saturated steam releases heat in the air-steam heat exchanger 12, the high-temperature saturated steam is changed into saturated water, the saturated water enters the water-water heat exchanger 14 through a pipeline to continuously release heat to a supercooled state, the temperature is about 130 ℃, the released heat is used for heating low-temperature condensed water, so that the steam extraction of a part of low-pressure heater of a steam turbine regenerative system is saved, and the generating capacity of a unit is increased; after heat is absorbed by the solar heat collecting device 15 and two stages of heat release are carried out by the air-steam heat exchanger 12 and the water-water heat exchanger 14, boiler feed water at the outlet of the economizer finally returns to the deaerator 6 of the steam turbine regenerative system and reenters the waste incineration boiler 3.
The boiler water in the steam drum in the garbage incineration boiler 3 is fed, the garbage incineration boiler 3 absorbs heat and heats up continuously until the garbage incineration boiler is heated to the inlet parameter requirement of the steam turbine, the garbage incineration boiler enters the steam turbine 1 through a heating power pipeline, the heat energy of the superheated steam is converted into mechanical energy of the steam turbine, the mechanical energy is transmitted to a bearing of a generator through the bearing, and finally the mechanical energy is converted into electric energy by the generator and is transmitted to a power grid; the high-temperature and high-pressure steam which is done work in the steam turbine becomes dead steam (saturated wet steam) with the temperature of 35-40 ℃, then enters a condenser 4 to exchange heat with circulating cooling water, further becomes saturated water with the temperature of 35-40 ℃, then is sequentially boosted to supercooled water with the temperature of about 1.2MPa by a condensate pump 5, and is heated to about 130 ℃ by a low-pressure heater 7 and a deaerator 6, is further boosted to about 7MPa with the pressure of 4.8MPa or even higher by a water supply pump 13, becomes supercooled water with the temperature of 4.8MPa (or 7 MPa) and 130 ℃, and then enters a coal economizer of a waste incineration waste heat boiler to be heated, and reenters new circulation, thereby completing the circulation implementation of the whole scheme when solar energy is available.
Second, when solar energy is not available:
when solar energy is not available, the heated boiler feed water fully enters a steam drum of the garbage incineration boiler 3 to carry out turbine power generation circulation, a heat source of circulating cold air in the garbage bin 10 is required to be introduced into the first-stage extraction steam of the turbine 1 as a heating heat source of the garbage bin 10 because high-temperature saturated steam output by the solar heat collecting device 15 is not available, the heat source of the air-steam heat exchanger 12 is provided by the first-stage extraction steam of the turbine 1 through the solar heat collecting device 15, and at the moment, the first-stage extraction steam of the turbine 1 enters the air-steam heat exchanger 12 to be used as a heat source to heat the circulating cold air in the garbage bin 10; a certain amount of internal circulation cold air is heated to 70-80 ℃ by high-temperature saturated steam in an air-steam heat exchanger 12, and then is sent to a tuyere at the wall of a front ditch pool through a hot air pipe 8 to enter a garbage bin 10; the temperature of the hot air is then reduced to 28-30 ℃ after merging with the supplementary air in the garbage bin 10, and the garbage in the garbage bin 10 is fully fermented at the air temperature, so that the air temperature in the garbage bin is ensured when solar energy is not available.
According to the utility model, the solar heat collector is coupled to the current garbage incineration power plant, the solar heat collector 15 can be arranged on the roof, the wall or the periphery of the garbage incineration power plant at a clearance place, so that the occupied space of the light condensation equipment is saved, and the maximum utilization of resources is realized;
according to the utility model, solar energy is integrated into the garbage incineration boiler, solar energy and household garbage are used as input energy sources, and when the solar energy is sufficient in radiation, the solar energy is coupled, so that the generated energy is improved; the system is separated in overcast and rainy days, the garbage incineration system automatically generates electricity, the system is ensured to stably, safely and continuously run, in addition, CO2 is not additionally discharged, the system accords with the current carbon peak, carbon neutralization and environmental protection concept, and the technical, economic advantages and energy conservation consciousness are reflected.
According to the utility model, solar energy can be utilized in a cascade manner, the garbage bin 10 is heated, hot air is fed through a discharging door, so that the whole air in the garbage bin 10 reaches about 28-30 ℃, the garbage fermentation effect is improved, the heat value of garbage fed into a furnace is improved, and the generating capacity of a unit and the generating capacity of garbage per ton are improved;
according to the utility model, by utilizing the heat exchange high-temperature drainage after the air-steam heat exchanger 12 to continuously heat part of condensed water, part of low-pressure steam extraction or deaerator steam extraction can be displaced, so that the generating power of a unit is further improved, and certain technical advantages are presented.
The embodiments of the present utility model have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present utility model is not limited to the described embodiments. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the utility model, and yet fall within the scope of the utility model.

Claims (5)

1. The utility model provides a promote power generation system of per ton rubbish generated energy which characterized in that: the garbage incinerator comprises a garbage incineration boiler (3), a solar heat collection device (15), an air-steam heat exchanger (12), a garbage bin (10), a water-water heat exchanger (14), a water supply pump (13), a steam turbine (1), a condenser (4), a condensate pump (5), a low-pressure heater (7) and a deaerator (6), wherein the water outlet end of the garbage incineration boiler (3) is communicated with the water inlet end of the solar heat collection device (15), the steam outlet end of the solar heat collection device (15) is communicated with the air inlet end of the air-steam heat exchanger (12), the air outlet end of the air-steam heat exchanger (12) is communicated with the water inlet of the water-water heat exchanger (14), the water outlet of the water-water heat exchanger (14) is communicated with the water inlet of the deaerator (6), and the water outlet of the deaerator (6) is communicated to the water inlet end of the garbage incineration boiler (3) through the water pump (13); the gas outlet end of the garbage incineration boiler (3) is communicated with the gas inlet of the steam turbine (1) so as to drive the generator (2) connected with the steam turbine (1) to operate.
2. The power generation system for increasing the amount of power generated per ton of waste of claim 1, wherein: the steam turbine (1) is sequentially communicated with the condenser (4), the condensate pump (5), the low-pressure heater (7) and the water-water heat exchanger (14).
3. The power generation system for increasing the amount of power generated per ton of waste of claim 1, wherein: the air-steam heat exchanger (12) is also connected with a fan.
4. The power generation system for increasing the amount of power generated per ton of waste of claim 1, wherein: the garbage bin (10) is characterized in that a hot air pipe (8) is arranged at the unloading door (9), and the hot air pipe (8) is connected with the air outlet of the air-steam heat exchanger (12).
5. The power generation system for increasing the amount of power generated per ton of waste of claim 1, wherein: the solar heat collector (15) adopts a direct groove type solar heat collector.
CN202320256732.1U 2023-02-20 2023-02-20 Power generation system capable of improving generating capacity of garbage per ton Active CN219867832U (en)

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CN202320256732.1U CN219867832U (en) 2023-02-20 2023-02-20 Power generation system capable of improving generating capacity of garbage per ton

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202320256732.1U CN219867832U (en) 2023-02-20 2023-02-20 Power generation system capable of improving generating capacity of garbage per ton

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