CN219846755U - Cervical vertebra pedicle screw imbedding positioning guider under cervical vertebra posterior operation - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a cervical pedicle screw imbedding positioning guider under posterior cervical surgery, and belongs to the technical field of medical appliances. The device comprises an angle determining mechanism, a point determining mechanism and a guide rod, wherein the point determining mechanism is arranged at the bottom end of the guide rod and comprises a horizontal guide plate and a vertical guide plate, and the horizontal guide plate is perpendicular to the vertical guide plate; the vertical guide plate is consistent with the trend of the guide rod, the horizontal guide plate is vertical to the horizontal plane, and scales are arranged on the edge of the horizontal guide plate. The vertical guide plate is clamped outside the cervical vertebra side block, the distance between the pedicle screw needle insertion point B and the outer edge of the side block is measured according to preoperative CT, and the needle insertion point with corresponding numerical value can be found on the horizontal guide plate; the position adjusting plate of the protractor can slide in the guide groove, so that the circle center of the protractor is exactly positioned at the needle inlet point B determined by the horizontal guide plate, and the measured angle is more accurate; the utility model has the advantages of convenient use and simple structure, and can greatly improve the accuracy of nail placement.

Description

Cervical vertebra pedicle screw imbedding positioning guider under cervical vertebra posterior operation

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of medical instruments, and particularly relates to a cervical pedicle screw imbedding positioning guider under cervical posterior operation.

Background

The technology of the pedicle screw of the cervical vertebra is adopted by Abumi and the like for the first time in 1994, is widely applied to clinic due to the excellent biomechanical stability, and is particularly suitable for patients with osteoporosis, cervical vertebra deformity and cervical vertebra revision surgery. However, because the anatomical structure of the cervical vertebra is fine, the pedicle screw placement space is small, and the fault tolerance rate is low, the technical requirement for the cervical pedicle screw placement is high, and serious nerve or vascular complications can be caused by poor screw placement. Therefore, finding the ideal insertion point and insertion angle of the pedicle screw is particularly important.

The currently applied methods for inserting the pedicle screws of the cervical vertebrae mainly comprise two types: firstly, a freehand screw placement method is that screws are placed through the skillful grasp and abundant experience of an operator on the anatomical structure of the cervical pedicle, the cost of the method is lower, but the screws are needed to be placed by relying on the experience of doctors, and the operation risk is higher; the other is a computer navigation technique screw placement method, the ideal track for the placement of the cervical pedicle screw is determined by navigation in operation, the screw placement is accurate, but navigation equipment is expensive, and certain error can occur after registration.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model provides a positioning guider for placing a pedicle screw of a cervical vertebra under a posterior cervical vertebra operation, which can improve the accuracy of nail placement and reduce the operation risk.

The utility model solves the technical problems by the following technical proposal,

the positioning guider comprises an angle determining mechanism, a point determining mechanism and a guide rod, wherein the angle determining mechanism is arranged in the middle of the guide rod, the point determining mechanism is arranged at the bottom end of the guide rod, the point determining mechanism comprises a horizontal guide plate and a vertical guide plate, and the horizontal guide plate is mutually perpendicular to the vertical guide plate; the vertical guide plate is consistent with the trend of the guide rod, the horizontal guide plate is vertical to the horizontal plane, and scales are arranged on the edge of the horizontal guide plate.

Above-mentioned cervical vertebra pedicle of vertebral arch screw is put into location director under cervical vertebra posterior approach operation, the middle part of guide arm is equipped with the guide slot, the guide slot is rectangular draw-in groove, the back and the guide arm rigid coupling of guide slot, the front of guide slot are equipped with the screw, are equipped with fastening bolt in the screw, the left end of angle determination mechanism stretches into in the guide slot, fastening bolt is with the left end of angle determination mechanism by the centre gripping guide slot with between the fastening bolt.

Above-mentioned cervical vertebra pedicle of vertebral arch screw is put into location director under cervical vertebra posterior approach operation, angle determination mechanism includes protractor and position adjustment board, and the position adjustment board sets up the left end of protractor, the position adjustment board is held in the guide slot with fastening bolt is between.

The cervical pedicle screw under the cervical posterior operation is placed into the positioning guide device, the position adjusting plate is rectangular, and the protractor is a circular arc scale plate; the circle center of the protractor is the intersection point of the horizontal guide plate and the extension line of the position adjusting plate, and the position adjusting plate is provided with scales.

Above-mentioned cervical vertebra pedicle of vertebral arch screw is put into location director under cervical vertebra posterior approach operation still is equipped with the guide way, the one end of guide way is equipped with the lantern ring, the lantern ring suit is in on the protractor, the guide way other end extends to the guide arm bottom, the top of guide arm is equipped with the handle.

Compared with the prior art, the vertical guide plate is clamped at the outer side of the cervical vertebra side block, the distance between the pedicle screw needle insertion point and the outer edge of the side block is measured according to preoperative CT, and the needle insertion point with corresponding numerical value can be found on the horizontal guide plate; the position adjusting plate of the protractor can slide in the guide groove, so that the circle center of the protractor is exactly positioned at the needle inlet point determined by the horizontal guide plate, and the measured angle is more accurate; the needle placement device is convenient to use and simple in structure, and can greatly improve the accuracy of needle placement.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present utility model;

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a guideway according to the present utility model;

FIG. 3 is the stapling angle at the time of surgery (a is the stapling angle);

FIG. 4 is a view of the present utility model in use (schematic view of the determination of the stapling angle at the stapling point B);

the reference symbols in the drawings indicate: 1. guide rod, 2, angle determining mechanism, 3, lantern ring, 4, handle, 6, vertical guide plate, 7, horizontal guide plate, 8, guide slot, 9, guide slot, 10, screw hole, 12, fastening bolt, 13, position adjusting plate, 14, protractor, and B.

Detailed Description

The following describes in further detail the embodiments of the present utility model with reference to the drawings and examples. The following examples serve to illustrate the utility model.

As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the utility model comprises an angle determining mechanism 2, a point setting determining mechanism and a guide rod 1, wherein the angle determining mechanism 2 is arranged in the middle of the guide rod 1, the point setting determining mechanism is arranged at the bottom end of the guide rod 1, the point setting determining mechanism comprises a horizontal guide plate 7 and a vertical guide plate 6, and the horizontal guide plate 7 is perpendicular to the vertical guide plate 6; the vertical guide plate 6 is consistent with the trend of the guide rod 1, the horizontal guide plate 7 is vertical to the horizontal plane, and scales are arranged on the edge of the horizontal guide plate 7. The position adjusting plate 13 is rectangular, and the protractor 14 is a circular arc scale plate; the circle center of the protractor 14 is the intersection point of the horizontal guide plate 7 and the extension line of the position adjusting plate 13, and the position adjusting plate 13 is provided with scales.

Referring to fig. 4, the vertical guide plate 6 is abutted against the side surface of the cervical vertebra side block, the horizontal plate is abutted against the back surface of the side block, then the needle insertion point of the screw can be determined through the scale of the horizontal guide plate 7, and then the angle of the screw can be determined through the angle determining mechanism 2. Thereby obtaining accurate numerical values of the position and the angle of the nail.

The middle part of guide arm 1 is equipped with guide slot 9, guide slot 9 is rectangular draw-in groove, and the back and guide arm 1 rigid coupling of guide slot 9, the front of guide slot 9 are equipped with a screw, are equipped with fastening bolt 12 in the screw, the left end of protractor 14 stretches into in the guide slot 9, angle determination mechanism 2 includes protractor 14 and position control board 13, and position control board 13 sets up the left end of protractor 14, position control board 13 is held between guide slot 9 and the fastening bolt 12. When the position adjusting plate 13 slides in the guide groove 9, the circle center of the protractor 14 moves on the horizontal guide plate 7, so that the displayed scale value of the position adjusting plate 13 is consistent with the scale value of the circle center of the protractor 14 on the horizontal guide plate 7; so as to accurately find the needle insertion angle. Preferably, the length of the vertical guide plate 6 and the horizontal guide plate 7 is 5-10mm, and the width is 3-5mm.

The centre of the angle gauge 14 can be adjusted by the length of the position adjusting plate 13 extending into the guide slot 9. So as to accurately coincide the center of the protractor 14 with the position of the setting nail. The circle center of the arc-shaped protractor 14 is ensured to be exactly positioned at the needle insertion point, so that the needle insertion angle is measured more accurately.

For accurately placing the screw into the pedicle of vertebral arch at an accurate angle, a guide groove 8 is further arranged, one end of the guide groove 8 is provided with a lantern ring 3, the lantern ring 3 is sleeved on the protractor 14, and the other end of the guide groove 8 extends to the bottom end of the guide rod 1. The screw is placed into the pedicle along the trend of the guide groove 8, and the accuracy of the placed screw is improved. In order to facilitate the fixation of the device during operation, the top of the guide rod 1 is provided with a handle 4. The device can be relatively fixed near the needle insertion point B by an operator or a mechanical arm holding the handle 4 so as to facilitate the comparison of the angle and the position of the operator in the operation process.

When the device is used, the needle insertion point and the angle are determined according to CT image data, the vertical guide plate is attached to the side face of the cervical vertebra side block by the handheld handle, then the guide rod is kept vertical, the position adjusting plate is adjusted, the needle insertion point is enabled to be right below the scale 1 of the position adjusting plate, the circle of the protractor is enabled to coincide with the needle insertion point B, then the guide groove is enabled to coincide with the needle insertion angle by adjusting the position of the lantern ring on the protractor, then the angles of the screw and the guide groove are unified, and then the nail is placed.

The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, and it should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present utility model, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the scope of the utility model.

Claims (5)

1. The positioning guider for the screw placement of the pedicle screw of the cervical vertebra under the posterior cervical vertebra operation is characterized by comprising a guide rod (1), an angle determining mechanism (2) and a placement determining mechanism, wherein the angle determining mechanism (2) is arranged in the middle of the guide rod (1), the placement determining mechanism is arranged at the bottom end of the guide rod (1), the placement determining mechanism comprises a horizontal guide plate (7) and a vertical guide plate (6), and the horizontal guide plate (7) is perpendicular to the vertical guide plate (6); the vertical guide plate (6) is consistent with the trend of the guide rod (1), the horizontal guide plate (7) is vertical to the horizontal plane, and scales are arranged on the edge of the horizontal guide plate (7).

2. The cervical pedicle screw imbedding positioning guide device under cervical vertebra posterior operation according to claim 1, characterized in that the middle part of the guide rod (1) is provided with a guide groove (9), the guide groove (9) is a rectangular clamping groove, the rear face of the guide groove (9) is fixedly connected with the guide rod (1), the front face of the guide groove (9) is provided with a screw hole (10), a fastening bolt (12) is arranged in the screw hole, the left end of the angle determining mechanism (2) stretches into the guide groove (9), and the fastening bolt (12) clamps the left end of the angle determining mechanism (2) between the guide groove (9) and the fastening bolt (12).

3. The cervical pedicle screw placement positioning guide under posterior cervical surgery according to claim 2, characterized in that the angle determination mechanism (2) comprises a protractor (14) and a position adjusting plate (13), the position adjusting plate (13) being arranged at the left end of the protractor (14), the position adjusting plate (13) being clamped between the guide slot (9) and the fastening bolt (12).

4. A cervical pedicle screw placement positioning guide device under posterior cervical surgery as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that the position adjusting plate (13) is rectangular, and the protractor (14) is a circular arc scale plate; the circle center of the protractor (14) is the intersection point of the horizontal guide plate (7) and the extension line of the position adjusting plate (13), and the position adjusting plate (13) is provided with scales.

5. The cervical pedicle screw imbedding positioning guide device under cervical spine posterior operation as claimed in claim 4, further provided with a guide groove (8), wherein one end of the guide groove (8) is provided with a collar (3), the collar (3) is sleeved on the protractor (14), the other end of the guide groove (8) extends to the bottom end of the guide rod (1), and the top of the guide rod (1) is provided with a handle (4).