CN219832880U - Battery pack and electric automobile - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a battery pack and an electric automobile, wherein the battery pack comprises an exhaust cavity and two groups of battery core modules, and the two groups of battery core modules are arranged on two sides of the exhaust cavity; the exhaust cavity is internally provided with two exhaust chambers which are mutually independent, and the two exhaust chambers are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the two groups of cell modules so that the cell modules can exhaust outwards through the corresponding exhaust chambers; wherein the exhaust cavity is further formed with a heat insulating chamber between the two exhaust chambers. The utility model has the advantages that: when the cell module at one side is in thermal runaway, high-temperature gas and heat generated by the thermal runaway are conducted in the exhaust chamber at one side, and a heat insulation chamber is arranged between the two exhaust chambers, so that the problem that the high-temperature gas in the exhaust chamber at one side influences the exhaust chamber at the other side to cause the cell module at the other side to be in thermal runaway is further avoided, and the safety performance of the battery pack is improved.

Description

Battery pack and electric automobile

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of new energy automobiles, in particular to a battery pack and an electric automobile.

Background

With the widespread use of electric vehicles, a battery pack has been attracting attention as a power source for electric vehicles. The battery pack may generate a certain amount of high temperature gas under the condition of short circuit, overcharge, etc., and the high temperature gas may cause a thermal runaway phenomenon after increasing to a certain extent. The prior battery pack generally installs two cell modules at two sides of an exhaust cavity, and the cell modules at two sides share the exhaust cavity to exhaust high-temperature gas generated when thermal runaway.

However, since the cell modules at two sides share one exhaust cavity, when the cell module at one side is in thermal runaway, high-temperature gas can transmit heat to the cell module at the other side while passing through the exhaust cavity, so that the cell module at the other side is also in thermal runaway, and potential safety hazards exist.

Disclosure of Invention

Accordingly, it is necessary to provide a battery pack and an electric vehicle having higher safety performance.

In order to solve the technical problems, the utility model provides the following technical scheme:

a battery pack comprises an exhaust cavity and two groups of battery cell modules, wherein the two groups of battery cell modules are arranged on two sides of the exhaust cavity; the exhaust cavity is internally provided with two exhaust chambers which are mutually independent, and the two exhaust chambers are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the two groups of cell modules so that the cell modules can exhaust outwards through the corresponding exhaust chambers;

wherein, the exhaust cavity is also formed with thermal insulation cavity between two exhaust cavities.

It can be understood that one cell module corresponds to one exhaust chamber, so that when one cell module is in thermal runaway, high-temperature gas and heat generated by the thermal runaway are conducted in the exhaust chamber on one side only, and a heat insulation chamber is arranged between the two exhaust chambers, so that the problem that the high-temperature gas in the exhaust chamber on one side affects the exhaust chamber on the other side to cause the thermal runaway of the cell module on the other side is further avoided, and the safety performance of the battery pack is improved.

In one embodiment, the exhaust cavity comprises a first heat insulation plate and a second heat insulation plate, and the first heat insulation plate and the second heat insulation plate are arranged in parallel;

the heat insulation chamber is separated from one of the exhaust chambers by the first heat insulation plate, and the heat insulation chamber is separated from the other exhaust chamber by the second heat insulation plate.

It can be understood that through setting up first heat insulating board and second heat insulating board in the exhaust cavity side by side for form one deck insulating layer through first heat insulating board and second heat insulating board between two exhaust cavities, the heat is conducted to another exhaust cavity from one of them exhaust cavity to the separation heat plays the purpose with the exhaust cavity of heat isolation on one side.

In one embodiment, the exhaust cavity further includes a reinforcing rib, and the reinforcing rib is disposed between the first heat insulation plate and the second heat insulation plate and is respectively connected with the first heat insulation plate and the second heat insulation plate.

It will be appreciated that by providing reinforcing ribs between the first and second heat shields, the structural strength of the exhaust cavity is enhanced.

In one embodiment, the exhaust cavity is provided with two electric core supporting parts, the two electric core supporting parts are in one-to-one correspondence with the two electric core modules, and the electric core supporting parts are arranged below the corresponding electric core modules and are in butt joint with the corresponding electric core modules.

It can be appreciated that through set up electric core supporting part on the exhaust cavity, electric core module can be placed on electric core supporting part for electric core supporting part plays the effect that supports electric core module, is favorable to electric core module and exhaust cavity to integrate together.

In one embodiment, the cell module is disposed in a convex manner outwardly relative to the vent cavity portion along a height of the vent cavity.

It will be appreciated that the height of the vent cavity is set lower than the height of the cell stack to facilitate the downward venting of high temperature gases generated during thermal runaway.

In one embodiment, the battery pack further comprises an explosion-proof valve, the explosion-proof valve is arranged at a position between the battery cell module and the exhaust cavity, and gas generated when the battery cell module is out of control can pass through the explosion-proof valve and enter into the corresponding exhaust cavity on the exhaust cavity.

It can be understood that by arranging the explosion-proof valve, the high-temperature high-pressure gas generated during thermal runaway is discharged from the explosion-proof valve after the pressure is increased to a certain degree, so that the explosion caused by the fact that the high-pressure gas cannot be discharged is prevented, and potential safety hazards are avoided.

In one embodiment, a blocking part is formed on the exhaust cavity, the blocking part is correspondingly arranged with the explosion-proof valve, and the blocking part can be broken under the action of gas passing through the explosion-proof valve, so that the battery cell module is communicated with the corresponding exhaust cavity on the exhaust cavity.

It can be understood that through setting up shutoff portion and explosion-proof valve correspondence for explosion-proof valve is received the back of certain pressure opening, and follow explosion-proof valve exhaust high temperature high-pressure gas can break through shutoff portion and get into corresponding exhaust cavity, so that gas is discharged through the exhaust cavity.

In one embodiment, the battery pack further comprises a one-way valve, the exhaust cavity is communicated with the battery cell module through a drain hole, and the one-way valve is arranged in the drain hole and used for controlling one-way conduction between the battery cell module and the exhaust cavity.

It can be understood that the one-way valve is arranged in the exhaust port, so that high-temperature and high-pressure gas generated during thermal runaway can enter the exhaust port through the one-way valve and then enter the exhaust cavity, and potential safety hazards caused by the fact that the high-temperature and high-pressure gas cannot be exhausted are avoided.

In one embodiment, the cell module comprises a plurality of single cells, and the single cells are sequentially arranged at intervals along the length direction of the exhaust cavity;

and a heat insulation piece is arranged between two adjacent single battery cells.

It can be understood that the heat insulation piece is arranged between the two adjacent single battery cells, so that the two adjacent single battery cells in the battery cell module can be mutually insulated through the heat insulation piece, and the thermal runaway of the adjacent single battery cells caused by the thermal runaway of one single battery cell in the battery cell module is avoided, and a series of thermal runaway is generated.

The utility model also provides the following technical scheme:

an electric vehicle comprising the battery pack of any one of the above.

It can be understood that through the reasonable arrangement of the battery cell module and the exhaust cavity, the safety performance of the battery pack is improved, and the safety performance of the electric automobile with the battery pack is better.

Due to the application of the scheme, compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages:

according to the battery pack and the electric automobile, one battery cell module corresponds to one exhaust cavity, so that when one battery cell module is in thermal runaway, high-temperature gas and heat generated by the thermal runaway are conducted only in the exhaust cavity on one side, and a heat insulation cavity is arranged between the two exhaust cavities, so that the problem that the high-temperature gas in the exhaust cavity on one side affects the exhaust cavity on the other side to cause the thermal runaway of the battery cell module on the other side is further avoided, and the safety performance of the battery pack is improved.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments or the conventional techniques of the present utility model, the drawings required for the descriptions of the embodiments or the conventional techniques will be briefly described below, and it is apparent that the drawings in the following descriptions are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and other drawings may be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for those skilled in the art.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery cell module and an exhaust cavity according to an embodiment of the utility model.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a view angle of a battery cell module and an exhaust chamber according to an embodiment of the utility model.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of an exhaust cavity according to an embodiment of the utility model.

Reference numerals: 10. a vent cavity; 11. an exhaust chamber; 12. a thermally insulated chamber; 13. a first heat shield; 14. a second heat shield; 15. reinforcing ribs; 16. a cell support; 17. a blocking part; 20. and a battery cell module.

Detailed Description

In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the utility model will be readily understood, a more particular description of the utility model will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present utility model. The present utility model may be embodied in many other forms than described herein and similarly modified by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the utility model, whereby the utility model is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "mounted" or "disposed" on another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When a component is considered to be "connected" to another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or intervening components may also be present. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and the like are used in the description of the present utility model for the purpose of illustration only and do not represent the only embodiment.

Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present utility model, the meaning of "plurality" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless specifically defined otherwise.

In the present utility model, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature "up" or "down" on a second feature may be that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature and the second feature are in indirect contact through intermedial media. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "over" and "on" a second feature may be a first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature may be the first feature being directly under or obliquely under the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is less level than the second feature.

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used in the specification of the present utility model have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this utility model belongs. The terminology used in the description of the utility model herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the utility model. The term "and/or" as used in the description of the present utility model includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a battery pack (not shown) according to an embodiment of the utility model includes an exhaust cavity 10 and two sets of cell modules 20, wherein the two sets of cell modules 20 are mounted on two sides of the exhaust cavity 10. The exhaust cavity 10 is internally provided with two exhaust chambers 11, the two exhaust chambers 11 are mutually independent, and the two exhaust chambers 11 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the two groups of cell modules 20, that is, each cell module 20 corresponds to one exhaust chamber 11, so that the cell modules 20 can exhaust outwards through the corresponding exhaust chamber 11, and thus, when one cell module 20 is out of control, high-temperature gas and heat generated by the out of control are conducted in the exhaust chamber 11 corresponding to one cell module 20. The exhaust cavity 10 further forms a heat insulation cavity 12 between the two exhaust cavities 11, so as to further avoid heat generated by thermal runaway from one exhaust cavity 11 to the other exhaust cavity 11 to cause thermal runaway of the battery cell module 20 at the other side, and improve the safety performance of the battery pack.

It should be noted that the cell module 20 includes one or more individual cells.

As shown in fig. 3, in one embodiment, the exhaust cavity 10 includes a first heat insulation board 13 and a second heat insulation board 14, where the first heat insulation board 13 and the second heat insulation board 14 are disposed in parallel and located at a middle position in the exhaust cavity 10, so that the exhaust cavity 10 has a symmetrical structure. The heat insulation chamber 12 is separated from one of the exhaust chambers 11 by the first heat insulation plate 13, and the heat insulation chamber 12 is separated from the other exhaust chamber 11 by the second heat insulation plate 14, so that a heat insulation layer is formed between the two exhaust chambers 11 through the first heat insulation plate 13 and the second heat insulation plate 14, heat is prevented from being conducted from one of the exhaust chambers 11 to the other exhaust chamber 11, and the purpose of isolating the heat from the exhaust chamber 11 on one side is achieved.

In other embodiments, three heat insulation boards may be disposed in the exhaust cavity 10, and the three heat insulation boards are disposed in the exhaust cavity 10 at intervals and located in the middle of the exhaust cavity 10, so that two heat insulation layers are formed between the two exhaust chambers 11, which is not described herein.

In an embodiment, the exhaust cavity 10 further includes a reinforcing rib 15, where the reinforcing rib 15 is disposed between the first heat insulation board 13 and the second heat insulation board 14 and connected to the first heat insulation board 13 and the second heat insulation board 14 respectively, so as to facilitate enhancing the structural strength of the exhaust cavity 10.

In this embodiment, the number of the reinforcing ribs 15 is one, and is disposed perpendicularly to the first heat insulating plate 13 and the second heat insulating plate 14. Of course, it is obvious to those skilled in the art that the number of the reinforcing ribs 15 may be two or three, etc., and is not limited thereto.

In an embodiment, the exhaust cavity 10 has two cell supporting portions 16, where the two cell supporting portions 16 are in a symmetrical structure and are disposed below the corresponding cell module 20, that is, the cell supporting portions 16 are located at the bottom of the exhaust cavity 10 and are in one-to-one correspondence with the two cell modules 20, so that each cell module 20 can be placed on the corresponding cell supporting portion 16 and abutted against the corresponding cell module 20, and the cell supporting portion 16 plays a role in supporting the cell module 20, which is beneficial to integration of the cell module 20 and the exhaust cavity 10.

In an embodiment, the battery pack further includes an explosion-proof valve (not shown) disposed between the cell module 20 and the exhaust cavity 10, and the gas generated when the cell module 20 is out of control can enter the corresponding exhaust chamber 11 in the exhaust cavity 10 through the explosion-proof valve. Thus, when the pressure of the high-temperature and high-pressure gas generated during thermal runaway of the battery cell module 20 is increased to a certain degree, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas can be discharged from the explosion-proof valve, explosion caused by incapacity of discharging the high-pressure gas is prevented, and potential safety hazards are avoided.

In this embodiment, the explosion-proof valve is disposed at a side position of the exhaust cavity 10, and the exhaust cavity 10 is provided with an integrally formed blocking portion 17, the blocking portion 17 is disposed corresponding to the position of the explosion-proof valve, the blocking portion 17 is recessed toward the exhaust cavity 10, and the thickness of the blocking portion 17 is smaller than that of the surrounding exhaust cavity 10, so that the explosion-proof valve can be disposed on the blocking portion 17 and the blocking portion 17 can be ruptured under the action of the gas passing through the explosion-proof valve. When thermal runaway does not occur in the cell module 20, the blocking portion 17 functions as a block between the explosion-proof valve and the vent chamber 10; when the cell module 20 is out of control, the explosion-proof valve is opened after receiving a certain pressure, and high-temperature and high-pressure gas rushing out of the explosion-proof valve can break the blocking part 17 and enter the corresponding exhaust chamber 11 so as to be convenient for the gas to be discharged through the exhaust chamber 11. The arrangement is beneficial to reducing the cost.

It should be noted that the exhaust cavity 10 further has an outlet (not shown) located at a bottom position of the exhaust cavity 10, and each exhaust cavity 11 corresponds to at least one outlet, so that the high-temperature gas entering the exhaust cavity 11 can be discharged to the outside through the outlet.

In another embodiment, the battery pack further comprises a one-way valve (not shown), wherein the exhaust cavity 10 is communicated with the battery cell module 20 through a drain hole (not shown), and the one-way valve is installed in the drain hole and is used for controlling the battery cell module 20 to be in one-way conduction with the exhaust cavity 10. When thermal runaway does not occur in the cell module 20, the one-way valve is closed, so that a drain hole between the exhaust cavity 10 and the cell module 20 is blocked; when thermal runaway occurs in the cell module 20, the check valve is opened, so that high-temperature and high-pressure gas generated by the thermal runaway can enter the corresponding exhaust chamber 11 through the exhaust port, and potential safety hazards caused by the fact that the high-temperature and high-pressure gas generated by the thermal runaway cannot be exhausted are avoided.

In one embodiment, the cell module 20 is disposed to protrude outwardly with respect to the exhaust cavity portion along the height direction of the exhaust cavity 10, that is, the exhaust cavity 10 is disposed to have a height lower than that of the cell module 20 so as to discharge the high temperature gas generated at the time of thermal runaway downward.

In one embodiment, the cell module 20 includes a plurality of individual cells that are sequentially spaced apart along the length of the exhaust chamber 10. Wherein, a heat insulating member (not shown) is disposed between two adjacent single cells, so that two adjacent single cells in the cell module 20 can be mutually insulated by the heat insulating member, and when one single cell in the cell module 20 is prevented from thermal runaway, the adjacent single cell is prevented from thermal runaway, and a series of thermal runaway is caused. The insulation may in particular be provided as an aerogel or some other physical structure.

The utility model also provides an electric automobile (not shown), wherein the battery pack is applied to the electric automobile, and the battery pack provides continuous driving power for the electric automobile. Through the reasonable arrangement of the battery cell module 20 and the exhaust cavity 10, the safety performance of the battery pack is improved, and the safety performance of the electric automobile with the battery pack is improved.

The technical features of the above embodiments may be arbitrarily combined, and all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are not described for brevity of description, however, as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features, they should be considered as the scope of the description.

The foregoing examples illustrate only a few embodiments of the utility model, which are described in detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the claims. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the utility model, which are all within the scope of the utility model. Accordingly, the scope of the utility model should be determined from the following claims.

Claims (10)

1. The battery pack comprises an exhaust cavity (10) and two groups of battery core modules (20), wherein the two groups of battery core modules (20) are arranged on two sides of the exhaust cavity (10); the battery cell module is characterized in that two exhaust chambers (11) are inwards formed in the exhaust cavity (10), the two exhaust chambers (11) are mutually independent, and the two exhaust chambers (11) are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the two battery cell modules (20), so that the battery cell modules (20) can exhaust outwards through the corresponding exhaust chambers (11);

wherein, the exhaust cavity (10) is also provided with a heat insulation cavity (12) between the two exhaust cavities (11).

2. The battery pack according to claim 1, wherein the exhaust chamber (10) includes a first heat insulating plate (13) and a second heat insulating plate (14), the first heat insulating plate (13) being juxtaposed with the second heat insulating plate (14);

the heat insulation chamber (12) is separated from one of the exhaust chambers (11) by the first heat insulation plate (13), and the heat insulation chamber (12) is separated from the other exhaust chamber (11) by the second heat insulation plate (14).

3. The battery pack according to claim 2, wherein the exhaust cavity (10) further comprises a reinforcing rib (15), and the reinforcing rib (15) is disposed between the first heat insulating plate (13) and the second heat insulating plate (14) and is connected to the first heat insulating plate (13) and the second heat insulating plate (14), respectively.

4. The battery pack according to claim 1, wherein the exhaust cavity (10) has two cell support portions (16), the two cell support portions (16) are in one-to-one correspondence with the two cell modules (20), and the cell support portions (16) are disposed below the corresponding cell modules (20) and are abutted with the corresponding cell modules (20).

5. The battery pack according to claim 1, wherein the cell module (20) is provided to be partially protruded outwardly with respect to the degassing chamber (10) along the height direction of the degassing chamber (10).

6. The battery pack according to claim 1, further comprising an explosion-proof valve disposed between the cell module (20) and the exhaust cavity (10), wherein gas generated when the cell module (20) is thermally out of control can pass through the explosion-proof valve and enter a corresponding exhaust chamber (11) on the exhaust cavity (10).

7. The battery pack according to claim 6, wherein a blocking portion (17) is formed on the exhaust cavity (10), the blocking portion (17) is disposed corresponding to the explosion-proof valve, and the blocking portion (17) can be broken under the action of gas passing through the explosion-proof valve, so that the battery cell module (20) is communicated with the corresponding exhaust chamber (11) on the exhaust cavity (10).

8. The battery pack according to claim 1, further comprising a one-way valve, wherein the exhaust cavity (10) is communicated with the battery cell module (20) through a drain, and the one-way valve is disposed in the drain and is used for controlling the one-way conduction between the battery cell module (20) and the exhaust cavity (10).

9. The battery pack according to claim 1, wherein the cell module (20) comprises a plurality of unit cells, and the plurality of unit cells are sequentially arranged at intervals along the length direction of the exhaust cavity (10);

and a heat insulation piece is arranged between two adjacent single battery cells.

10. An electric vehicle comprising the battery pack of any one of claims 1-9.