CN219832797U

CN219832797U - Battery pack

Info

Publication number: CN219832797U
Application number: CN202321367526.4U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘峰; 陈保国; 刘斌; 梁宏伟; 房元; 彭月猛
Original assignee: Tianjin EV Energies Co Ltd
Current assignee: Tianjin EV Energies Co Ltd
Priority date: 2023-05-31
Filing date: 2023-05-31
Publication date: 2023-10-13
Anticipated expiration: 2033-05-31

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of batteries, and discloses a battery pack, which comprises a battery box body, an upper cover and a plurality of battery packs; the battery box body is provided with a liquid inlet pipe and a liquid outlet pipe, and the liquid inlet pipe and the liquid outlet pipe are both communicated with the heat management equipment so as to circularly provide cooling liquid for the battery box body; the battery pack is arranged in the battery box body and immersed in the cooling liquid in the battery box body, and the battery pack comprises a plurality of electric cores; the upper cover sealing connection is in the battery box, and the upper cover is equipped with exhaust structure, and exhaust structure includes the buffering cavity, and the buffering cavity communicates in the inside of battery box, and the lateral wall of buffering cavity is equipped with a plurality of explosion-proof valves. The battery pack adopts an immersed cooling mode to cool the battery core, and separates the exhaust structure from the cavity where the cooling liquid is located, so that the cooling liquid cannot be sprayed out when the battery core is out of control, gas overflow and liquid cooling circulation are mutually independent, and the safety of the battery pack is improved.

Description

Battery pack

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a battery pack.

Background

With the continuous updating of new energy automobile technology, the requirements on the heat management performance of the power battery are higher and higher, the power battery of the existing electric automobile is usually cooled by adopting a traditional air cooling or liquid cooling plate, so that the cooling efficiency is low, and the safety of the battery core in thermal runaway cannot be guaranteed; meanwhile, the working environment of the battery core is limited to a large extent, and the performance of the power battery pack is limited.

Therefore, the prior art proposes an immersion cooling scheme, i.e. the battery cells are completely immersed in the cooling liquid, so as to improve the cooling effect on the battery cells. However, when the battery core is in thermal runaway, the explosion-proof valve sprays gas and cooling liquid together when the battery core is in thermal runaway, and the spraying of the cooling liquid can influence other structures in the automobile, so that a large safety risk exists.

Therefore, there is a need to design a battery pack to solve the above-mentioned technical problems.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims to provide a battery pack, which can separate an exhaust channel from cooling liquid, so that the cooling liquid can not be sprayed out when a battery cell is out of control, gas overflow and liquid cooling circulation are mutually independent, and the safety of the battery pack is improved.

To achieve the purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:

a battery pack, comprising:

the battery box body is provided with a liquid inlet pipe and a liquid outlet pipe, and the liquid inlet pipe and the liquid outlet pipe are both communicated with the thermal management equipment so as to circularly provide cooling liquid into the battery box body;

a plurality of battery packs disposed in the battery case and immersed in the cooling liquid in the battery case, the battery packs including a plurality of battery cells;

the upper cover is connected with the battery box body in a sealing mode, the upper cover is provided with an exhaust structure, the exhaust structure comprises a buffer cavity, the buffer cavity is communicated with the inside of the battery box body, and the side wall of the buffer cavity is provided with a plurality of explosion-proof valves.

Optionally, a baffle is disposed on one side of the exhaust structure facing the battery box, the baffle separates the buffer cavity from the battery box, a plurality of vent holes are disposed on the baffle, the battery core is provided with a plurality of explosion-proof exhaust ports, the vent holes and the explosion-proof exhaust ports are disposed in one-to-one correspondence, and an exhaust channel is formed between the explosion-proof exhaust ports and the vent holes.

Optionally, the battery pack further includes a heat insulation board, where the heat insulation board is disposed at the top of the battery pack and seals the cover on the battery cell.

Optionally, the battery pack further includes a sealing colloid, the sealing colloid is disposed between the battery core and the heat insulation board, the sealing colloid is provided with a plurality of gaps, and the gaps and the explosion-proof exhaust ports are disposed in one-to-one correspondence.

Optionally, a weakening portion is disposed on a side of the heat insulation board facing the electric core, and the weakening portion is disposed in one-to-one correspondence with the explosion-proof air vent.

Optionally, the battery pack further includes a spoiler disposed between two adjacent cells, where the height of the spoiler is greater than the height of the cells.

Optionally, two spoiler parts are diagonally arranged on one side of the main body part of the spoiler, which faces the electric core, so that the spoiler forms a flow channel, and the cooling liquid can pass through the flow channel and be arranged between two adjacent electric cores.

Optionally, a mounting hole is formed on a side of the side wall of the buffer cavity away from the battery box, and the explosion-proof valve is mounted in the mounting hole.

Optionally, at least two communicating cavities are provided on two side beams of the battery box along a vertical direction, the liquid inlet pipe is communicated with the communicating cavity at the bottom of one side beam, and the liquid outlet pipe is communicated with the communicating cavity at the top of the other side beam, so that the battery pack is immersed in the cooling liquid of the battery box.

Optionally, the communicating cavity of the side beam communicating with the liquid inlet pipe or the liquid outlet pipe is provided with a plurality of communicating ports towards a side wall of the other side beam.

The utility model has the beneficial effects that:

the utility model provides a battery pack, wherein an exhaust structure is arranged, a buffer cavity and a containing cavity of a battery box body for containing a battery core and cooling liquid are arranged separately, so that gas overflow and liquid cooling circulation are mutually independent, when the battery core is in thermal runaway, gas and cooling liquid sprayed by the battery core enter the buffer cavity, the gas rises and is discharged through an explosion-proof valve, the cooling liquid flows in the buffer cavity or flows back into the containing cavity of the battery box body, namely, a gas-liquid mixture sprayed by the battery core is buffered, the gas and the cooling liquid are separated, the cooling liquid is prevented from being discharged outside the battery pack, and the safety of the battery pack is improved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is an isometric view of a battery pack provided in an embodiment of the utility model;

fig. 2 is an exploded view of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present utility model from one perspective;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 3 at A;

fig. 5 is an isometric view of a battery compartment provided in an embodiment of the utility model;

FIG. 6 is an isometric view of an upper cover provided in an embodiment of the utility model;

fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view of another view of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

fig. 8 is an exploded view of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present utility model.

In the figure:

10. a battery case; 11. a liquid inlet pipe; 12. a liquid outlet pipe; 13. an end side beam; 14. side beams; 141. a communication chamber; 142. a communication port; 15. a bottom plate;

20. a battery pack; 21. a battery cell; 211. an explosion-proof exhaust port; 22. a spoiler; 221. a main body portion; 222. a spoiler; 23. an end plate; 24. a side plate; 25. mica pieces;

30. an upper cover;

40. an exhaust structure; 411. a buffer cavity; 4111. a mounting hole; 412. a vent hole;

50. an explosion-proof valve; 60. a heat insulating plate; 61. a weakening section; 70. sealing colloid; 80. a connector.

Detailed Description

The utility model is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the utility model and are not limiting thereof. It should be further noted that, for convenience of description, only some, but not all of the structures related to the present utility model are shown in the drawings.

In the description of the present utility model, unless explicitly stated and limited otherwise, the terms "connected," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communicated with the inside of two elements or the interaction relationship of the two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present utility model will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.

In the present utility model, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature "above" or "below" a second feature may include both the first and second features being in direct contact, as well as the first and second features not being in direct contact but being in contact with each other through additional features therebetween. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "over" and "on" a second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is less level than the second feature.

In the description of the present embodiment, the terms "upper", "lower", "right", etc. orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are merely for convenience of description and simplicity of operation, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used merely for distinguishing between descriptions and not for distinguishing between them.

The battery pack provided by the present utility model is described below with reference to fig. 1 to 8.

The embodiment provides a battery pack, adopts the immersion cooling mode to cool the battery core 21, and separates the cavity where the exhaust structure 40 and the cooling liquid are located, so that the cooling liquid can not be sprayed out when the battery core 21 is out of control, the mutual independence of gas overflow and liquid cooling circulation is realized, and the safety of the battery pack is improved.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the battery pack includes a battery case 10, an upper cover 30, and a plurality of battery packs 20; the battery box body 10 is provided with a liquid inlet pipe 11 and a liquid outlet pipe 12, and the liquid inlet pipe 11 and the liquid outlet pipe 12 are both communicated with the heat management equipment so as to circularly provide cooling liquid for the battery box body 10; the battery pack 20 is arranged in the battery box 10 and immersed in the cooling liquid in the battery box 10, and the battery pack 20 comprises a plurality of electric cores 21; the upper cover 30 is connected to the battery box 10 in a sealing manner, the upper cover 30 is provided with an exhaust structure 40, the exhaust structure 40 comprises a buffer cavity 411, the buffer cavity 411 is communicated with the inside of the battery box 10, and a plurality of explosion-proof valves 50 are arranged on the side wall of the buffer cavity 411.

The battery pack of this embodiment is through setting up exhaust structure 40, buffer cavity 411 and battery box 10 hold the holding chamber separation setting of electric core 21 and coolant liquid, realize that gas overflows and liquid cooling circulation mutually independent, when electric core 21 takes place thermal runaway, electric core 21 erupts gas and coolant liquid get into in buffer cavity 411, gas rises and discharges through explosion-proof valve 50, the coolant liquid flows in buffer cavity 411, or the holding intracavity of battery box 10 is flowed back again, buffer the gas-liquid mixture of electric core 21 erupts promptly, separate gas and coolant liquid, avoid the coolant liquid to discharge outside the battery pack, the security of battery pack has been improved.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, the battery case 10 includes a bottom plate 15, two end side beams 13 disposed opposite to each other, and two side beams 14 disposed opposite to each other, and the above-described structure encloses a receiving chamber of the battery case 10 to receive the battery pack 20 and the coolant.

Further, the liquid inlet pipe 11 and the liquid outlet pipe 12 are disposed at opposite angles of the battery box 10, and in this embodiment, the liquid inlet pipe 11 and the liquid outlet pipe 12 are disposed on two side beams 14 respectively, so as to realize circulation flow of the cooling liquid in the battery box 10.

Optionally, the liquid outlet pipe 12 is arranged higher than the liquid inlet pipe 11, so that the cooling liquid enters the battery box 10, and the battery box 10 is filled with the cooling liquid, and then flows out of the liquid outlet pipe 12.

Further, as shown in fig. 5 and 7, at least two communicating cavities 141 are disposed on both side beams 14 along the vertical direction, the liquid inlet pipe 11 is connected to the communicating cavity 141 at the bottom of one side beam 14, and the liquid outlet pipe 12 is connected to the communicating cavity 141 at the top of the other side beam 14, so that the battery pack 20 is immersed in the cooling liquid of the battery case 10, and thus the circulation filling of the cooling liquid in the battery case 10 can be realized.

Optionally, the communicating cavity 141 of the side beam 14 communicating with the liquid inlet pipe 11 or the liquid outlet pipe 12 is provided with a plurality of communicating ports 142 towards one side wall of the other side beam 14, so as to realize the communicating arrangement of the communicating cavity 141 and the accommodating cavity in the battery box 10, so that the cooling liquid of the thermal management device enters the communicating cavity 141 from the liquid inlet pipe 11 and then enters the accommodating cavity in the battery box 10, then enters the communicating cavity 141 from the communicating port 142 of the other side beam 14, and then flows out from the liquid outlet pipe 12 to the thermal management device, thereby realizing the circulation of the cooling liquid.

Further, the end side beam 13 of the battery pack is provided with a connector 80 for communication and electrical connection with the outside.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, the exhaust structure 40 has a trapezoid structure, one end of which is opened and fixedly connected with the upper cover 30 to form a buffer cavity 411, and the explosion-proof valve 50 is disposed on a sidewall of the exhaust structure 40.

Optionally, the vent structure 40 is welded to the upper cover 30 to ensure a sealed connection between the vent structure 40 and the upper cover 30.

Further alternatively, the exhaust structure 40 may be a square groove structure, a chimney structure, a semicircular structure, etc., and is mainly used for buffering the gas spraying speed, changing the gas flow direction, and guiding the gas to the vicinity of the explosion-proof valve 50, which is not particularly limited herein.

Further, a mounting hole 4111 is formed in a side wall of the buffer cavity 411 away from the battery box 10, and the explosion-proof valve 50 is mounted in the mounting hole 4111, so that a certain distance is formed between the explosion-proof valve 50 and the upper cover 30, and when the cooling liquid is sprayed into the buffer cavity 411, the cooling liquid cannot contact with the explosion-proof valve 50 and cannot be sprayed out through the explosion-proof valve 50.

It will be appreciated that a plurality of explosion-proof valves 50 may be provided to enhance the pressure relief capability of the battery pack in thermal runaway, and in this embodiment, as shown in fig. 7, two explosion-proof valves 50 are provided, and two explosion-proof valves 50 are disposed on two opposite side walls of the exhaust structure 40.

Still further, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, a baffle is disposed on one side of the exhaust structure 40 facing the battery case 10, the baffle separates the buffer cavity 411 from the inside of the battery case 10, and a plurality of ventilation holes 412 are formed on the baffle to realize the communication between the accommodating cavity inside the battery case 10 and the buffer cavity 411, so that the eruption gas can be introduced into the buffer cavity 411 in time. And, the battery core 21 is provided with a plurality of explosion-proof air vents 211, the vent holes 412 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the explosion-proof air vents 211, and an air exhaust channel is formed between the explosion-proof air vents 211 and the vent holes 412, so that when the battery core 21 is in thermal runaway explosion, air is sprayed out from the explosion-proof air vents 211, and then cooling liquid is driven to enter the buffer cavity 411 through the vent holes 412 together for buffer separation.

Optionally, in this embodiment, the baffle is a portion of the upper cover 30 located in the buffer cavity 411, that is, the baffle is removed, and the upper cover 30 replaces the baffle, so that the number of parts is reduced, and the manufacturing cost and the manufacturing difficulty are reduced.

Alternatively, the shape of the vent hole 412 may be a semicircle, an oblong, a triangle, a dovetail shape, etc., and the vent hole 412 is used to guide the burst gas into the buffer cavity 411 in time, which is not particularly limited herein.

Further, the battery pack further comprises a heat insulation plate 60, the heat insulation plate 60 is arranged at the top of the battery pack 20 and seals the cover on the battery cells 21, the heat insulation plate 60 is arranged to isolate the battery pack 20 from the upper cover 30, and the top of each battery cell 21 can be isolated, so that after one battery cell 21 is sprayed, falling residues fall onto other battery cells 21 to cause thermal runaway of the other battery cells 21, heat spreading among the battery cells 21 is effectively restrained, and the safety of the battery pack is improved.

Alternatively, the heat shield 60 is made of mica plate, has a certain heat shield effect, and has high strength.

Further alternatively, a sealing colloid 70 is arranged between the battery cells 21 and the heat insulation plate 60, the sealing colloid 70 is provided with a plurality of gaps, and the gaps are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the explosion-proof exhaust ports 211, so that isolation between the battery cells 21 is realized, and the gas is ensured to be only exhausted from the explosion-proof exhaust ports 211 when the battery cells 21 are out of control.

Preferably, the heat insulation plate 60 is provided with a weakening portion 61 on one side facing the battery cell 21, the weakening portion 61 is arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the explosion-proof exhaust port 211, namely when the battery cell 21 is in thermal runaway, gas can be directly sprayed from the corresponding position of the heat insulation plate 60 after being sprayed from the battery cell 21, so that the situation that the heat insulation plate 60 cannot be sprayed by the gas force sprayed from the battery cell 21, so that the gas cannot be discharged, and the explosion is caused due to the fact that the pressure of the battery cell 21 is too high, and the safety of the battery pack is improved.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 7 and 8, the above-mentioned battery pack 20 further includes a spoiler 22 and a battery cell 21, the spoiler 22 is disposed between two adjacent battery cells 21, the height of the spoiler 22 is greater than the height of the battery cells 21, that is, the spoiler 22 separates the battery cells 21, so that each battery cell 21 is independently disposed, the gas holder for thermal runaway burst of a single battery cell 21 is ejected from the weakened portion 61 of the heat insulation plate 60 and enters the buffer cavity 411 through the vent 412, and then is discharged from the explosion-proof valve 50, thereby avoiding heat spreading and improving the safety of the battery pack.

It can be understood that the above-mentioned electric core 21 may be various types of batteries such as a square battery, a soft-pack battery, and a cylindrical battery, which is not particularly limited herein, the electric core 21 in this embodiment adopts a soft-pack battery, a casing is arranged outside the soft-pack battery, and an explosion-proof air vent 211 is arranged on the casing, so as to ensure that only air can be discharged from the explosion-proof air vent 211 for pressure relief when the electric core 21 is out of control; in the case of a square battery, the explosion-proof valve 50 is an explosion-proof vent 211 of the battery cell 21, and in the case of a cylindrical battery, the top cover is provided with the explosion-proof vent 211, or the top cover is used as the explosion-proof vent 211, which will not be described herein.

Alternatively, the spoiler 22 is made of an epoxy resin plate, and is excellent in fire resistance.

Specifically, the spoiler 22 includes a main body 221 and a spoiler 222, two spoiler 222 are disposed on one side of the main body 221 facing the battery cells 21, the two spoiler 222 are diagonally disposed, the two spoiler 222 and the main body 221 form a flow channel, the arrow direction in fig. 7 is the flow direction of the cooling liquid of the battery cells 21, the cooling liquid of the thermal management device enters the communication cavity 141 from the liquid inlet pipe 11 and then enters the accommodating cavity in the battery box 10, the cooling liquid can pass through the flow channel and be disposed between two adjacent battery cells 21 to cool the battery cells 21, and meanwhile, the heat spreading between the battery cells 21 is restrained, then the cooling liquid enters the communication cavity 141 from the communication port 142 of the other side beam 14, and then flows out from the liquid outlet pipe 12 to the thermal management device, so as to realize the circulation of the cooling liquid.

Further, the battery pack 20 further includes two oppositely disposed end plates 23 and two oppositely disposed side plates 24 to enclose an accommodating space of the battery cells 21, and the battery cells 21 are stacked in the accommodating space.

Optionally, a spoiler 22 is also provided between the battery cell 21 and the end plate 23 to ensure cooling and heat dissipation of the large surface of the battery cell 21.

Further, the battery pack 20 further includes mica members 25, and the mica members 25 are disposed between the battery cells 21 and the side plates 24, and between the battery cells 21 and the end plates 23, so as to avoid heat spreading between the battery cells 21.

Further, the battery pack 20 further includes a bus bar, etc., on which a protective film is provided to prevent the battery cell 21 from being shorted, thereby improving the safety of the battery pack.

It is to be understood that the above examples of the present utility model are provided for clarity of illustration only and are not limiting of the embodiments of the present utility model. Various obvious changes, rearrangements and substitutions can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the utility model. It is not necessary here nor is it exhaustive of all embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. which come within the spirit and principles of the utility model are desired to be protected by the following claims.

Claims

1. A battery pack, comprising:

the battery box body (10) is provided with a liquid inlet pipe (11) and a liquid outlet pipe (12), and the liquid inlet pipe (11) and the liquid outlet pipe (12) are both communicated with the thermal management equipment so as to circularly provide cooling liquid for the inside of the battery box body (10);

a plurality of battery packs (20) disposed in the battery case (10) and immersed in the cooling liquid in the battery case (10), the battery packs (20) including a plurality of electric cells (21);

upper cover (30), sealing connection in battery box (10), upper cover (30) are equipped with exhaust structure (40), exhaust structure (40) include buffering cavity (411), buffering cavity (411) communicate in the inside of battery box (10), the lateral wall of buffering cavity (411) is equipped with a plurality of explosion-proof valves (50).

2. The battery pack according to claim 1, wherein a baffle is arranged on one side of the exhaust structure (40) facing the battery box body (10), the buffer cavity (411) is separated from the inside of the battery box body (10) by the baffle, a plurality of vent holes (412) are formed in the baffle, explosion-proof exhaust ports (211) are formed in the battery cells (21), the vent holes (412) are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the explosion-proof exhaust ports (211), and an exhaust channel is formed between the explosion-proof exhaust ports (211) and the vent holes (412).

3. The battery pack according to claim 2, further comprising a heat shield (60), wherein the heat shield (60) is disposed on top of the battery pack (20) and seals the cover on the cells (21).

4. A battery pack according to claim 3, further comprising a sealing gel (70), wherein the sealing gel (70) is disposed between the electric core (21) and the heat insulation plate (60), and the sealing gel (70) is provided with a plurality of gaps, and the gaps are disposed in one-to-one correspondence with the explosion-proof exhaust ports (211).

5. The battery pack according to claim 4, wherein a weakening portion (61) is provided on a side of the heat insulating plate (60) facing the electric core (21), and the weakening portion (61) is provided in one-to-one correspondence with the explosion-proof exhaust port (211).

6. The battery pack according to claim 5, wherein the battery pack (20) further comprises a spoiler (22), the spoiler (22) being disposed between two adjacent cells (21), the height of the spoiler (22) being greater than the height of the cells (21).

7. The battery pack according to claim 6, wherein two turbulence parts (222) are diagonally arranged on one side of the main body part (221) of the turbulence plate (22) facing the electric core (21), so that the turbulence plate (22) forms a flow channel through which the cooling liquid can pass between two adjacent electric cores (21).

8. The battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein a mounting hole (4111) is formed in a side wall of the buffer cavity (411) away from the battery case (10), and the explosion-proof valve (50) is mounted to the mounting hole (4111).

9. The battery pack according to any one of claims 1-7, wherein at least two communicating cavities (141) are provided in the vertical direction on both side beams (14) of the battery case (10), the liquid inlet pipe (11) is communicated with the communicating cavity (141) at the bottom of one side beam (14), and the liquid outlet pipe (12) is communicated with the communicating cavity (141) at the top of the other side beam (14), so that the battery pack (20) is immersed in the cooling liquid of the battery case (10).

10. The battery pack according to claim 9, wherein the communication chamber (141) of the side beam (14) communicating with the liquid inlet pipe (11) or the liquid outlet pipe (12) opens a plurality of communication ports (142) toward a side wall of the other side beam (14).