CN219801089U - Battery pack - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a battery pack, which comprises a battery box and a battery module arranged in the battery box, wherein a pressure relief hole is formed in the battery box, the battery box comprises a bottom plate and two first side plates which are opposite along a first direction, the first side plates are provided with first pressure relief channels communicated with the pressure relief hole, a plurality of diversion trenches are concavely formed in the inner surface of the bottom plate and are communicated with the first pressure relief channels, the battery module comprises a plurality of cells which are arranged side by side, the cells correspond to the diversion trenches one by one, explosion-proof valves are arranged on the cells, and the explosion-proof valves correspond to the notches of the diversion trenches. According to the utility model, the gas can be guided and decompressed through the second decompression channel and the first decompression channel, so that the decompression efficiency is improved, and meanwhile, the molten substances in decompression can be directly discharged into the second decompression channel, so that the molten substances are prevented from affecting other battery cells, and therefore, the occurrence of thermal diffusion is avoided.

Description

Battery pack

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a battery pack.

Background

The battery pack is used as a key component for energy storage of the electric automobile, and the safety performance of the battery pack directly influences the whole automobile safety of the electric automobile.

Be provided with explosion-proof valve on the battery package, when the electric core in the battery package appears thermal runaway, the atmospheric pressure in the battery package can rise fast, can release the high-pressure gas in the battery package through the explosion-proof valve, avoids the battery package to take place the explosion. However, due to the limited internal space of the existing battery pack, the battery module is compact in layout and stacked in a wiring harness, when the battery cells are out of control, high-pressure gas is difficult to discharge to the outside of the battery pack in a short time, and molten substances ejected by the thermal runaway of the battery cells are easily accumulated in the battery pack box body, so that other battery cells can be influenced, and thermal runaway diffusion is caused.

Disclosure of Invention

The aim of the embodiment of the utility model is that: provided is a battery pack which can effectively improve the efficiency of venting and pressure release and can reduce the influence of a melt on other battery cells.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a battery pack, include the battery box and set up the battery module in the battery box, be provided with the pressure release hole on the battery box, the battery box includes the bottom plate and follows two relative first curb plates of first direction, at least one first curb plate be provided with the first pressure release passageway of pressure release hole intercommunication, the internal surface of bottom plate is sunken to be provided with the guiding gutter, the guiding gutter with first pressure release passageway intercommunication, the battery module includes a plurality of electric cores that set up side by side, be provided with the explosion-proof valve on the electric core, the explosion-proof valve with the notch of guiding gutter corresponds.

As a preferable scheme of the battery pack, a first separator is arranged between two adjacent electric cores.

As a preferable scheme of the battery pack, the first separator is an insulating plate made of insulating materials;

or, the side wall of the first partition plate along the first direction is provided with an insulating and heat-insulating piece.

As a preferred scheme of battery pack, the electric core is kept away from be provided with first utmost point post and second utmost point post on the terminal surface of explosion-proof valve, first utmost point post with the second utmost point post interval is in order to be formed with dodges the space, first baffle corresponds dodge the position in space is provided with dodges the groove, same battery module all dodge the groove with dodge the space and constitute the winding displacement groove that is used for holding the pencil jointly.

As a preferable scheme of the battery pack, a plurality of battery modules are arranged in the battery box side by side along the first direction, and an insulating second partition plate is arranged between every two adjacent battery modules.

As a preferable scheme of the battery pack, a plurality of protrusions with intervals are formed on the outer surface of the bottom plate corresponding to the positions of the diversion trenches, and the bottom plate is of a concave-convex forming structure.

As a preferred scheme of the battery pack, the first side plate is hollowed out and provided with the first pressure relief channel.

As a preferred scheme of the battery pack, the first side plate comprises a first plate and a second plate, a groove is formed in the first plate, the second plate is located between the battery module and the first plate and seals the notch of the groove, and the groove and the second plate jointly form the first pressure relief channel.

As a preferred scheme of the battery pack, a cooling plate is arranged between the bottom plate and the battery module, the cooling plate is used for plugging the notch of all the diversion trenches, a plurality of holes are formed in the cooling plate in a penetrating mode, and the holes correspond to the explosion-proof valves one by one.

As a preferable scheme of the battery pack, two adjacent battery cells of the battery module are connected through a connecting sheet.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows: when the battery cell is subjected to thermal runaway pressure release, high-pressure gas in the battery cell can be released into the second pressure release channel through the explosion-proof valve, and flows through the first pressure release channel to be rapidly discharged to the pressure release hole and is released out of the battery box through the pressure release valve. The first pressure release channel and the second pressure release channel can play the effect of water conservancy diversion to improve the efficiency of exhaust pressure release, avoid the battery package to explode, in the molten mass that electric core thermal runaway sprayed also can directly arrange the second pressure release channel simultaneously, in order to avoid the molten mass to influence other electric cores, thereby avoid appearing the thermal diffusion.

Drawings

The utility model is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and examples.

Fig. 1 is an exploded view of an assembled battery pack according to an embodiment of the present utility model.

Fig. 2 is a first cross-sectional view of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present utility model.

Fig. 3 is an enlarged view at a of fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a second cross-sectional view of the battery pack according to the embodiment of the present utility model.

Fig. 5 is a perspective view of a battery box according to an embodiment of the present utility model.

Fig. 6 is a top view of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present utility model.

In the figure:

1. a battery box; 11. a bottom plate; 12. a first side plate; 13. a second side plate; 14. a diversion trench; 15. a first pressure relief channel; 16. a protrusion; 2. a battery module; 21. a battery cell; 211. an explosion-proof valve; 212. a first pole; 213. a second post; 22. a wire arrangement groove; 23. a connecting sheet; 3. a pressure release valve; 4. a first separator; 5. a second separator; 6. a cooling plate; 61. and (5) opening holes.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical problems solved by the present utility model, the technical solutions adopted and the technical effects achieved more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present utility model will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the utility model without making any inventive effort, are intended to fall within the scope of the utility model.

In the description of the present utility model, unless explicitly stated and limited otherwise, the terms "connected," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communicated with the inside of two elements or the interaction relationship of the two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present utility model will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.

As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the battery pack provided by the utility model comprises a battery box 1 and a battery module 2 arranged in the battery box 1, wherein a pressure relief hole is formed in a box body of the battery box 1, and a pressure relief valve 3 is arranged in the pressure relief hole so as to ensure the sealing performance of the battery box 1. The battery box 1 includes bottom plate 11 and two first curb plates 12 that set up relatively along first direction, be provided with on at least one first curb plate 12 with the first pressure release passageway 15 of pressure release hole intercommunication, the internal surface of bottom plate 11 is sunken to be provided with a plurality of guiding gutter 14, the length of guiding gutter 14 extends along first direction, and communicate with first pressure release passageway 15, battery module 2 includes a plurality of battery cells 21 that set up side by side, be provided with explosion-proof valve 211 on the battery cell 21, explosion-proof valve 211 corresponds with the notch of guiding gutter 14, in this embodiment, a plurality of guiding gutter 14 of interval along the second direction, first direction and second direction are perpendicular, a plurality of battery cells 21 set up side by side along the second direction, battery cell 21 and guiding gutter 14 one-to-one, battery cell 21 and bottom plate 11 internal surface butt, both form confined second pressure release passageway jointly with guiding gutter 14, the second pressure release passageway can not occupy battery box 1 inner space, can guarantee that the battery package structure is compact.

When the electric core 21 is subjected to thermal runaway pressure release, high-pressure gas in the electric core 21 can be released into the second pressure release channel through the explosion-proof valve 211 and rapidly discharged to a pressure release hole through the first pressure release channel 15, and is released to the outside of the battery box 1 through the pressure release valve 3. The first pressure release channel 15 and the second pressure release channel of this design can play the effect of water conservancy diversion to improve pressure release exhaust efficiency, thereby avoid the battery package to explode, in the molten mass (e.g. electrolyte) that the electric core 21 thermal runaway sprayed also can directly arrange the second pressure release channel simultaneously, reduce the influence that the molten mass led to the fact other electric cores 21 effectively, thereby avoid appearing the thermal diffusion, moreover electric core 21 and the tank bottom interval of guiding gutter 14, air heat transfer coefficient is less, can play the heat retaining effect to electric core 21, help electric core 21 to be in the normal use under the low temperature.

In the drawings, the X direction indicates a first direction, and the Y direction indicates a second direction.

Specifically, the first partition plates 4 are disposed between two adjacent cells 21, the diversion trench 14 is located between two adjacent first partition plates 4, and the plurality of first partition plates 4 partition the battery box 1 into a plurality of mounting trenches. The mounting groove can play the effect of location installation to make electric core 21 can fix a position fast and install in battery box 1, guarantee that the explosion-proof valve 211 of electric core 21 homoenergetic is aligned with the notch of guiding gutter 14 accurately, the mounting groove can form relative confined space moreover, can reduce electric core 21 heat transfer and avoid gas or follow the clearance between melting material electric core 21 and the bottom plate 11 internal surface to spill over, thereby avoid thermal runaway diffusion and influence other electric cores 21.

In the present embodiment, the first separator 4 is an insulating panel made of an insulating material. The first separator 4 can prevent thermal runaway diffusion of the cells 21 while insulating the adjacent two cells 21 from short circuit.

Of course, in other embodiments, the first separator 4 is made of a material other than the insulating material, wherein the side wall of the first separator 4 facing the cell 21 is provided with an insulating member by which the adjacent cell 21 is insulated.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and 5, a plurality of battery modules 2 are disposed in the battery box 1 side by side along the first direction, and an insulating second separator 5 is disposed between two adjacent battery modules 2 to prevent the electric core 21 between two adjacent battery modules 2 from generating arcing phenomenon or short circuit, thereby improving the safety performance of the battery pack.

Preferably, the first separator 4 and the second separator 5 may be made of heat insulating foam. The heat insulation foam has the characteristics of insulation, sound absorption, heat insulation, good resilience, capability of randomly adjusting hardness and thickness, light weight and the like, not only can play a role in insulation protection and heat insulation, but also can buffer the expansion of the battery core 21, avoid the expansion deformation of the battery core 21 during heating and extrusion to other battery cores 21, and is beneficial to reducing the weight of the battery pack.

Specifically, the cells 21 of all the side-by-side battery modules 2 are in one-to-one correspondence, and all the cells 21 in the same row are simultaneously corresponding to one diversion trench 14 to form a second pressure relief channel.

The diversion trench 14 has a certain heat insulation effect on the battery cell 21, so that the heat dissipation effect at the bottom of the battery cell 21 can be affected.

In an alternative embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, a cooling plate 6 is disposed between the bottom plate 11 and the battery module 2, the cooling plate 6 can dissipate heat at the bottom of the battery module 2 to improve the heat dissipation effect at the bottom of the battery cell 21, the cooling plate 6 blocks the notches of all the diversion trenches 14, the cooling plate 6 is provided with a plurality of holes 61 in a penetrating manner, the holes 61 are in one-to-one correspondence with the explosion-proof valves 211, the explosion-proof valves 211 can be aligned and communicated with the notches of the diversion trenches 14 through the holes 61 so as to avoid the pressure release of the battery cell 21 caused by the cooling plate 6, and the cooling plate 6 can isolate the battery cell 21 and the diversion trenches 14, so that the influence of the thermal runaway of the battery cell 21 on other battery cells 21 in the same row can be reduced to avoid the thermal runaway diffusion.

Preferably, referring to fig. 1 to 5, in order to further improve the heat dissipation effect of the bottom of the battery module 2, the outer surface of the bottom plate 11 is of a concave-convex molding structure. The concave-convex forming structure is helpful to improve the heat dissipation effect of the bottom of the battery box 1 so as to further improve the heat dissipation effect of the bottom of the battery cell 21.

More preferably, in order to facilitate processing and enhance the strength of the bottom plate 11, the bottom plate 11 is integrally punched to form the guide grooves 14, so that a plurality of spaced protrusions 16 are formed at positions corresponding to the guide grooves 14 on the outer surface of the bottom plate 11, and the outer surface of the bottom of the battery case 1 and the protrusions 16 together form a concave-convex molding structure.

Specifically, in order to further improve the pressure release efficiency, the two first side plates 12 are each provided with a first pressure release channel 15, and two ends of the flow guide groove 14 in the length direction are respectively communicated with the first pressure release channels 15 of the two first side plates 12, so that the second pressure release channels are simultaneously communicated with the first pressure release channels 15 of the two first side plates 12.

The first side plate 12 is hollow in the first side plate and forms a first pressure relief channel 15. This design hides first pressure release passageway 15 inside first side board 12, and first pressure release passageway 15 can not occupy the inside space of battery box 1, can realize the pressure release under guaranteeing battery package compact structure.

For example, in order to facilitate the processing of the first pressure relief channel 15, the first side plate 12 includes a first plate and a second plate (not shown in the figure), the first plate is concavely provided with a groove, the second plate is located between the battery module 2 and the first plate, and seals the notch of the groove, and the groove and the second plate together form the first pressure relief channel 15.

In the present embodiment, the battery box 1 further includes a box cover (not shown in the drawings) and two second side plates 13 opposing in the second direction, at least one of the second side plates 13 being provided with a pressure release hole.

The pressure relief holes may be provided in the first side plate 12, or the pressure relief holes may be provided in both the first side plate 12 and the second side plate 13, and the positions and the number of the pressure relief holes are not limited.

Specifically, two adjacent battery cells 21 of each battery module 2 are connected through a connecting sheet 23, so as to realize the charge and discharge functions of the battery modules 2.

Further, a terminal post is disposed on an end surface of the battery core 21 far from the explosion-proof valve 211, and the connection piece 23 is connected with the terminal posts of two adjacent battery cores 21 to realize electrical conduction. The explosion-proof valve 211 and the pole are arranged on different end faces of the battery core 21, so that the connection between the pole and the connecting sheet 23 can be prevented from being influenced during pressure relief.

The pole includes a first pole 212 and a second pole 213, and polarities of the first pole 212 and the second pole 213 are different, for example, the first pole 212 is a positive pole, and the second pole 213 is a negative pole.

In this embodiment, referring to fig. 1 and 6, the first pole 212 and the second pole 213 are spaced apart and formed with an avoidance space, so as to avoid a short circuit of the battery cell 21, and an avoidance groove is disposed at a position of the first separator 4 corresponding to the avoidance space. The first partition plates 4 and the electric cores 21 which are alternately arranged enable avoiding grooves of different first partition plates 4 and avoiding spaces of different electric cores 21 to be alternately communicated, so that the battery module 2 is provided with the wire arrangement grooves 22, the wire arrangement grooves 22 can be reserved for wire harness arrangement in the battery box 1, wire harness routing is facilitated, the battery pack wire arrangement is more reasonable, and space occupied by the wire harnesses is reduced.

In the description herein, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and the like are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are merely for convenience of description and to simplify the operation, rather than to indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used merely for distinguishing between descriptions and not for providing a special meaning.

In the description herein, reference to the term "one embodiment," "an example," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the utility model. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples.

Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present disclosure describes embodiments, not every embodiment is provided with a separate embodiment, and that this description is provided for clarity only, and that the disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described in the foregoing embodiments, and that the embodiments described in the foregoing embodiments may be combined appropriately to form other embodiments that will be understood by those skilled in the art.

The technical principle of the present utility model is described above in connection with the specific embodiments. The description is made for the purpose of illustrating the general principles of the utility model and should not be taken in any way as limiting the scope of the utility model. Other embodiments of the utility model will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of this specification without undue burden.

Claims (10)

1. A battery pack, comprising:

the battery box is provided with a pressure relief hole, the battery box comprises a bottom plate and two first side plates opposite to each other along a first direction, at least one first side plate is provided with a first pressure relief channel communicated with the pressure relief hole, the inner surface of the bottom plate is concavely provided with a diversion trench, and the diversion trench is communicated with the first pressure relief channel;

the battery module is arranged in the battery box and comprises a plurality of electric cores which are arranged side by side, explosion-proof valves are arranged on the electric cores, and the explosion-proof valves correspond to the notch of the diversion trench.

2. The battery pack of claim 1, wherein a first separator is disposed between adjacent two of the cells.

3. The battery pack of claim 2, wherein the first separator is an insulating panel made of an insulating material;

or, the side wall of the first partition plate facing the battery cell is provided with an insulating and heat-insulating piece.

4. The battery pack according to claim 2, wherein a first pole and a second pole are arranged on an end face, away from the explosion-proof valve, of the battery core, the first pole and the second pole are spaced to form an avoidance space, an avoidance groove is formed in a position, corresponding to the avoidance space, of the first partition plate, and all the avoidance grooves and the avoidance space of the same battery module form a wiring groove for accommodating a wiring harness.

5. The battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a plurality of the battery modules are arranged side by side in the first direction in the battery case, and an insulating second separator is provided between two adjacent battery modules.

6. The battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a plurality of spaced protrusions are formed on an outer surface of the base plate at positions corresponding to the flow guide grooves, and the base plate is of a concave-convex molding structure.

7. The battery pack of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the first side plate is hollowed out internally and forms the first pressure relief channel.

8. The battery pack of claim 7, wherein the first side plate comprises a first plate and a second plate, the first plate is concavely provided with a groove, the second plate is positioned between the battery module and the first plate and seals the notch of the groove, and the groove and the second plate together form the first pressure relief channel.

9. The battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a cooling plate is provided between the bottom plate and the battery module, the cooling plate blocks the notches of all the diversion trenches, and a plurality of openings are provided through the cooling plate, wherein the openings are in one-to-one correspondence with the explosion-proof valves.

10. The battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein two adjacent cells of the battery module are connected by a connecting sheet.