CN219799278U - Mineral sorting device and mineral sorting system - Google Patents
Mineral sorting device and mineral sorting system Download PDFInfo
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- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 205
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 205
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 12
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 11
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 10
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 173
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 16
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229910001760 lithium mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005461 Bremsstrahlung Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007885 magnetic separation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241001270131 Agaricus moelleri Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910018068 Li 2 O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002902 bimodal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013043 chemical agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011143 downstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- FUJCRWPEOMXPAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium oxide Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-2] FUJCRWPEOMXPAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001947 lithium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 description 1
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052665 sodalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007723 transport mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
Abstract
The utility model discloses a mineral sorting device and a mineral sorting system. The mineral sorting device comprises a conveying mechanism, a first light source component arranged above the conveying mechanism, a first detector component arranged below the conveying mechanism and a sorting mechanism. According to the mineral sorting device and the mineral sorting system, the sorting of minerals, particularly lithium ores or boron ores, can be completed, the environmental pollution is reduced, the water consumption is reduced, the mineral separation cost is reduced, the energy consumption is reduced, and the stable and reliable quality of mineral separation products is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of mineral separation, in particular to a mineral separation device and a mineral separation system.
Background
Lithium and boron are used as valuable mineral resources and are widely applied to high and new technologies, military industry and civil products.
The mineral separation is to separate out useful minerals by adopting a flotation method, a gravity separation method, a magnetic separation method, an electric separation method and the like after crushing and grinding the minerals according to the physical and chemical properties of different minerals in the minerals.
With the development of industry and the improvement of environmental protection requirements, the above-mentioned conventional mineral separation technology has a series of problems:
1. the capital investment is high. Some columns of plants and facilities need to be built, for example, flotation methods need to consider the construction of facilities such as ore grinding, flotation, concentrate and dehydration of tailings, boilers, tailings ponds and the like; the gravity separation method needs to consider the facilities construction such as magnetic separation, dense medium cyclone, dense medium configuration, concentrate tailing dehydration and the like.
2. The environmental pollution is heavy. Particularly, the flotation method needs to add various chemical agents, which is easy to pollute water and soil.
3. The water consumption is large. The heavy medium cyclone and the flotation are both wet mineral separation technologies, and fresh water consumption is usually 3-11m for treating one ton of raw ore 3 . The water from the heavy medium beneficiation can be recycled after precipitation, and the flotation is carried out because a large amount of chemicals are added, and the produced water can be recycled after long-term purification.
4. The running cost is high. The cost of the flotation method for treating one ton of raw ore is about 120 yuan, and the cost of the gravity method for treating one ton of raw ore is about 30-40 yuan.
5. The energy consumption is higher. The flotation needs to control the selected granularity through grinding, and the grinding is very energy-consuming; the gravity separation method needs to control the medium flow and pressure through a heavy medium conveying pump, and the pump has high power and high energy consumption; and other equipment is added, a small concentrating plant for treating 1000 tons in one day is constructed, and the electric power is basically more than 1000 kW.
6. The product quality is unstable. The method is mainly influenced by mineral properties and technical levels of operators, the mineral grade is changed frequently, and if the mineral grade is not adjusted in time, the concentrate grade is easy to be lower, impurities are increased, and sales and downstream processing are influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-described drawbacks or shortcomings of the prior art, it is desirable to provide a mineral sorting apparatus and a mineral sorting system.
According to a first aspect of the present utility model there is provided a mineral sorting apparatus comprising: the device comprises a conveying mechanism, a first light source assembly positioned above the conveying mechanism, a first detector assembly positioned below the conveying mechanism and a sorting mechanism;
the first light source component is used for emitting neutron rays and X rays for irradiating minerals;
the first detector component is used for detecting and acquiring detection data of X-rays attenuated by minerals and not attenuated by minerals and detection data of neutron rays attenuated by minerals and not attenuated by minerals;
the sorting mechanism is for separating the minerals.
Further, the first light source assembly comprises a first light source and a second light source which are mutually independent, the first light source is used for emitting neutron rays for irradiating minerals, the second light source is used for emitting X rays for irradiating minerals, and the first light source and the second light source are sequentially arranged in the conveying direction of the conveying mechanism.
Further, the first detector assembly includes a neutron detector and an X-ray detector that are independent of each other.
Further, the mineral sorting device further comprises a second light source assembly arranged at one side of the conveying direction of the conveying mechanism and a second detector assembly arranged at the other side of the conveying direction.
Further, the sorting mechanism is a blowing device arranged to separate minerals leaving the conveying mechanism.
Further, the blowing device comprises a high-pressure nozzle, and the high-pressure nozzle comprises air spraying holes distributed in an array.
According to a second aspect of the present utility model there is provided a mineral sorting system comprising a mineral sorting apparatus as described above.
Further, the mineral separation system further comprises a crushing device arranged upstream of the conveyor mechanism of the mineral separation device.
Further, the mineral separation system also includes a controller in communication with the conveyor mechanism, the first light source assembly of the mineral separation device, the first detector assembly of the mineral separation device, the separation mechanism of the mineral separation device, and the crushing device.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the utility model can comprise the following beneficial effects:
according to the mineral sorting device and the mineral sorting system provided by the utility model, the characteristics that the neutron cross sections of different elements in the minerals are different and the photon cross sections of different elements in the minerals are also different are utilized, the light source component provides two rays, namely neutron rays and X rays, dual-mode imaging analysis is carried out based on the two rays, the types and the distribution of the elements in the minerals are determined, the proportion of target elements in the minerals is calculated, and the proportion is taken as the grade of the target elements, so that the screening and the analysis of the minerals can be completed. The mineral sorting device provided by the utility model can reduce environmental pollution, water consumption, mineral separation cost and energy consumption, and ensure stable and reliable mineral separation product quality.
Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the present utility model will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments, made with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of neutron (25.3 meV energy) and photon (511 keV energy) cross-sections for each common element in a lithium mineral;
FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of a (molecular) neutron (25.3 meV energy) and (molecular) photon (511 keV energy) cross-section of each common material in a lithium mineral;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a mineral sorting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present utility model;
FIG. 4 is a schematic flow chart of a mineral separation method according to an embodiment of the present utility model;
fig. 5 is an imaging schematic diagram of a certain lithium mineral according to an embodiment of the present utility model under a dual-mode detection imaging technique.
Detailed Description
The utility model is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the utility model and are not limiting of the utility model. It should be noted that, for convenience of description, only the portions related to the utility model are shown in the drawings.
It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present utility model and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other. The utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in connection with embodiments.
The utility model provides a mineral sorting technology based on dual-mode detection imaging, which utilizes the ratio of differential sections of different elements and substances (such as oxides) in minerals to neutrons and X rays to determine the types and the duty ratios of the elements in the minerals, namely utilizes the detection of the neutrons and the X rays to the minerals, and realizes the determination of the types and the duty ratios of the elements in the minerals according to the different attenuation capacities of the minerals to the neutrons and the X rays.
Wherein the transmission of neutrons in minerals obeys an exponential law, as in formula (1):
in the formula (1), I n,0 Is the number of neutrons before being injected into the mineral or not penetrating the mineral, I n The number of neutrons after penetration through the mineral, both measurable experimentally; i is the element number in the mineral, m is the total number of elements, σ i Is the neutron attenuation section of element i, all of known quantity; n (N) i Is the number density of atoms i in the mineral (1/cm 3 ) It is related to the type of mineral, obviously an unknown quantity; d is the size of the mineral and is also an unknown quantity for a certain mineral to be measured, since the crushing process cannot be uniform. If the whole mineral is treated as a homogeneous material, equation (1) can be rewritten as equation (2):
Att n is the attenuation of neutrons by minerals, consisting of measurable I n,0 And I n Calculated, thus Att n Also of measurable value, mu m,n Is the average mass attenuation coefficient (cm) of each atom in the mineral 2 /g)，t m Is the mass thickness (g/cm) of the mineral 2 ),μ m,n And t m Obviously, are all unknowns. t is t m Is a quantity determined by the size of the mineral and does not reflect the nature of the substance. Mu (mu) m,n Reflects microscopic attributes of atomic nucleiThe physical meaning is the ratio of the cross section of each nucleus to the atomic mass) and can therefore be used to distinguish substances and to achieve mineral separation. However, since there is only one measurement Att n Two unknowns t cannot be obtained simultaneously m Sum mu m,n Therefore, the material properties cannot be obtained, and thus, the separation of minerals cannot be performed.
Photons are neutral rays as well as neutrons, and the attenuation of the photons in minerals obeys the law of exponential decline, so photons (X rays are used for penetrating minerals) and neutron dual-mode imaging can be used for carrying out mineral sorting, so the formula (2) can be rewritten as the formula (3):
Att X is the attenuation of photons by minerals, I X,0 And I X The number of photons after no penetration and penetration of the mineral, mu, respectively m,X Is the average mass attenuation coefficient of each atom in the mineral to photons, and t is the same mineral m No change was made. By combining equations (2) and (3), we can get equation (4):
in equation (4), the F factor is represented by the differential cross section sigma of the element versus the neutron n And differential cross-section sigma for photons X Is determined by the ratio of (as used herein, an approximation, mass m of nuclei N Approximately equal to mass m of atoms A This is clearly true).
FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of neutron (25.3 meV energy) and photon (511 keV energy) cross-sections of various common elements in a lithium mineral; FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of (molecular) neutron (25.3 meV energy) and (molecular) photon (511 keV energy) cross-sections of various common materials in lithium minerals. Referring to fig. 1 and 2, various elements, oxides, etc. in lithium ores, not only neutron cross sections but also photon cross sections are different, wherein lithium (Li) elementOr lithium oxide (Li) 2 O) has a significantly large neutron reaction cross section, and a relatively small photon reaction cross section. As described above, att n Is the attenuation of minerals to neutrons, can be obtained by measurement and calculation, is a measurable value, att X The attenuation of the mineral to photons can be obtained by measurement and calculation, and is also a measurable value, so that the size of the F factor of the mineral can be obtained by measurement and calculation. According to the above formula (4), the F factor is also expressed as the differential cross section sigma of the mineral versus the neutrons n And differential cross-section sigma for photons X Is actually the inverse of the slope in fig. 1 and 2. As can be seen from FIGS. 1 and 2, li, are as an element/material having a large neutron cross section and a small photon cross section 2 O has the smallest slope, i.e. the largest F-factor. When the grade of lithium in the minerals changes, the contribution of lithium to the F factor also changes, and the content of lithium element in the lithium ores can be analyzed through measuring the F factor of the lithium ores, so that grade analysis is realized.
Similarly, as with lithium, boron also has a thermal neutron cross section much greater than that of most other elements in the mineral, and therefore also has high neutron analysis sensitivity, which allows separation of boron ores using X-ray, neutron dual-mode imaging, i.e., the above-described principle of mineral separation using the F-factor is equally applicable to boron ore separation.
As shown in fig. 3, an embodiment of the present utility model provides a mineral sorting apparatus including: a conveying mechanism 1, a first light source assembly 2 positioned above the conveying mechanism 1, a first detector assembly 3 positioned below the conveying mechanism 1 and a sorting mechanism 4;
the conveying mechanism 1 is used for conveying minerals 6;
the first light source assembly 2 is used for emitting neutron rays and X-rays irradiating the minerals 6;
the first detector assembly 3 is used for detecting and acquiring detection data of X-rays attenuated by minerals and not attenuated by minerals and detection data of neutron rays attenuated by minerals and not attenuated by minerals;
the sorting mechanism 4 is used for separating minerals 6.
According to the mineral sorting device provided by the embodiment, the first light source component 2 is a light source for simultaneously providing neutron rays and X-rays, the first detector component can detect the neutron rays and the X-rays which are transmitted through the mineral and attenuated, the mineral can be subjected to dual-mode imaging by utilizing the attenuated neutron rays and the attenuated X-rays, and F factors of elements in the mineral are determined, so that the types of the elements in the mineral are determined, and the duty ratio of target elements is determined. The mineral sorting device can obviously reduce environmental pollution, water consumption and mineral separation cost, reduce energy consumption and realize stable and reliable mineral separation product quality.
Further, the first light source assembly 2 may be a light source that generates both neutron rays and X-rays (photons) using one accelerator. The method comprises the steps that bremsstrahlung is generated on an anode target by high-energy electrons emitted by an electron accelerator, the anode target is such as a tungsten target and a lead target, one part of bremsstrahlung photons is used for manufacturing photoneutrons through photonuclear reaction, the other part of bremsstrahlung photons is used for forming imaged X-rays, and the two rays are generated simultaneously. Preferably, the first light source assembly 2 generates high-energy electrons in a pulse form, thereby generating neutron rays and X-rays in a pulse form. Furthermore, the first light source assembly 2 may be a system including two light sources for generating neutron rays and X-rays, respectively, for example, a first light source for emitting neutron rays irradiating minerals and a second light source for emitting X-rays irradiating minerals, which are independent from each other. That is, two independent light sources respectively provide neutron rays and X-rays, the first light source and the second light source are sequentially arranged in the conveying direction of the conveying mechanism, and the arrangement distance between the first light source and the second light source can be determined based on the conveying speed of the conveying mechanism 1.
Further, the first light source assembly 2 includes a photoneutron source. The photoneutron source can be a photoneutron source which is moderated into thermal neutrons, and insufficient moderation is not excluded. The thermal neutron beam can be better absorbed by minerals, so that the accuracy of mineral sorting is effectively improved.
Further, the first detector assembly 3 comprises a neutron detector and an X-ray detector. The first detector assembly can be one detector for detecting neutrons and X rays, or two mutually independent detectors for detecting neutrons and X rays respectively.
In the embodiment of the present utility model, the first light source assembly 2 may be provided with a beam outlet for emitting X-rays and neutron rays, or may be separately provided with two beam outlets for emitting X-rays and neutron rays respectively. The X-ray can be in a fan beam, a flying spot beam or a cone beam, and the neutron ray can also be in a fan beam, a spot beam or a cone beam.
If the beam outlets of the X-ray and the neutron ray are the same, the first detector component can be a detector to realize the detection of the neutron and the X-ray, and the detected X-ray or neutron ray can be distinguished by utilizing the difference of time from the X-ray and the neutron to the beam outlet.
If the beam outlets of the X-ray and the neutron ray are separately arranged, the X-ray beam outlet and the neutron ray beam outlet can be sequentially arranged in the conveying direction of the conveying mechanism, and the first detector component can be an X-ray detector and a neutron ray detector for detecting the X-ray and the neutron respectively. The X-ray detector corresponds to the X-ray beam outlet, and the neutron ray detector corresponds to the neutron ray beam outlet.
Further, the sorting mechanism 4 of the mineral sorting apparatus may specifically be a blowing apparatus. In addition, the mineral separation apparatus further comprises a mineral separation silo 5. The blowing device is arranged at one side of the conveying mechanism 1, an air blowing port of the blowing device faces towards the tail end of the conveying mechanism 1, and the mineral sorting bin 5 is arranged below the blowing device. The mineral separation bin 5 comprises a concentrate bin and a lean mineral bin, and the mineral is blown into the concentrate bin or the lean mineral bin through a blowing device, so that separation and separation of the concentrate and the lean mineral are realized. As shown in fig. 3, the mineral separation bin 5 includes two bins of a concentrate bin and a lean bin, however, the number of mineral separation bins may be determined according to actual conditions.
Further, the blowing device comprises a high-pressure nozzle, and the high-pressure nozzle comprises air spraying holes distributed in an array.
The injection timing of the injection device of the mineral separation device can be determined according to the conveying speed of the conveying mechanism 1, the setting position of the injection device and the like, and the mineral separation work can be realized by cooperating with a controller which can open all or part of the injection holes in the high-pressure nozzles according to the grade and the position of the mineral and at the moment that the mineral horizontally throws after leaving the conveying mechanism 1 to reach the injection position in one injection, so as to inject the mineral into a corresponding bin.
The embodiment of the utility model also provides a mineral sorting system which comprises the mineral sorting device.
Further, the mineral separation system of the utility model also comprises a crushing device (not shown). A crushing device is arranged upstream of the conveyor 1 for crushing the mineral before it enters the conveyor 1. The crushing device may preferably comprise a vibrating crusher and a screen, preferably having a double structure at a prescribed distance and having an adjustable size mesh for feeding minerals having a size within a predetermined range to the conveyor 1.
Further, the mineral sorting system of the utility model may also comprise a controller (not shown). The controller can be in communication connection with the conveying mechanism 1, the first light source assembly 2, the first detector assembly 3, the sorting mechanism 4, the crushing device and the like, so as to control the work of each component. For example, the controller is used for processing the ray signals received by the first detector assembly 3, calculating F factors of all positions of the minerals on the conveying mechanism 1, judging the grades of the minerals based on the F factors, and controlling the sorting mechanism 4 to sort the minerals with the corresponding grades. For example, the controller determines the size of the mineral based on the bimodal imaging image of the mineral, correlates the size of the mineral with the grade, determines the size range of the mineral, which is for example judged as concentrate, and thus the size distribution law, and adjusts the mesh size of the screen of the crushing device in real time according to the size range or size distribution law.
The mineral sorting apparatus shown in fig. 3 includes a first light source unit 2 and a first detector unit 3 disposed above and below the conveyor 1. However, one first light source module 2 and one first detector module 3 may be provided on both sides of the conveying mechanism 1, respectively. Alternatively, the mineral sorting apparatus comprises a first light source assembly 2 and a first detector assembly 3, which are arranged above and below the conveyor 1, respectively, and a second light source assembly and a second detector assembly, which are arranged on both sides of the conveyor 1, respectively, whereby the top-illuminated and side-illuminated double view detection of the mineral on the conveyor 1 is performed. By setting the double-view detection mode, the information of the minerals can be determined more accurately, so that the F factors of the elements at each pixel point are determined, and the grade of the minerals is determined more accurately.
Next, the working principle of the mineral sorting apparatus is better understood. The embodiment of the utility model also provides a mineral separation method which is suitable for a mineral separation system, wherein the mineral separation system comprises the mineral separation device and a controller.
As shown in fig. 4, the mineral separation method provided by the embodiment of the utility model includes the following steps:
s10: performing dual-mode imaging on the mineral irradiated neutrons and X rays;
s20: dividing minerals into different grades of minerals according to a dual-mode imaging result;
s30: and separating minerals of different grades.
The controller controls the light source assembly, the conveying mechanism, the detector assembly and the sorting mechanism to work, the light source assembly emits X-rays and neutron rays, the conveying mechanism conveys minerals, and the detector assembly detects and acquires detection data of the X-rays and the neutron rays.
In some exemplary embodiments, step S10 may include the steps of:
s11: detecting detection data of X-rays and neutrons under the condition of being attenuated by minerals and not being attenuated by minerals by utilizing a detector assembly to obtain X-ray mineral-free detection data, neutron mineral-free detection data and neutron mineral-free detection data;
s12: according to the X-ray mineral-free detection data, the neutron mineral-free detection data and the neutron mineral-free detection data, determining the ratio of elements at each pixel point in the minerals to the differential section of neutrons and X-rays, and carrying out dual-mode imaging based on the ratio.
In step S11, the detection data of X-rays and neutrons without being attenuated by minerals may be detection data acquired and stored in advance in a state where no minerals are present on the transport mechanism. Thus, only the detection data attenuated by minerals can be processed, and the data processing load is reduced.
In some exemplary embodiments, step S20 may include the steps of:
s21: determining the element type at each pixel point based on the ratio of the element at each pixel point to the differential section of neutrons and X-rays;
s22: and determining the distribution of the target elements based on the element types at each pixel point, calculating the duty ratio of the target elements in the minerals, and taking the duty ratio as the grade of the target elements.
S23: and determining whether the minerals are concentrate or lean ores according to the grade of the target element.
In some exemplary embodiments, step S21 may include: the ratio of the differential section of the element at each pixel point to neutrons and X-rays, i.e., the F factor, is compared and matched with the reciprocal slopes of the elements and oxides in fig. 1, 2, thereby determining the kind of the element.
In some exemplary embodiments, step S22 may include: and marking different elements in different colors (such as different gray scales) in a projection area of the mineral based on the element types of each pixel point, thereby determining the distribution of the target elements, determining the ratio of the target elements in the mineral based on the distribution area (such as the area) of the target elements, and obtaining the grade of the target elements.
In some exemplary embodiments, step S23 may include: comparing the grade of the target element in the mineral with a preset grade threshold value, and determining whether the mineral is concentrate or lean based on the corresponding relation between the preset grade threshold value and concentrate or lean.
The correspondence between the preset grade factor threshold and the concentrate and lean ore may be set as: the grade is less than 1.5% and is non-concentrate, the grade is more than or equal to 1.5% and less than 1.8% and is concentrate, and the grade is more than or equal to 1.8% and is high-quality concentrate.
Before ore selection, the optimal crushing size can be analyzed according to ore samples of different ore fields, and in the optimal crushing particle size range, the ore sorting method is utilized to perform dual-mode imaging on the ore, calculate the grade, and select as many high-grade ores as possible. As mentioned above, the crushing size can also be analytically adjusted during mineral sorting.
In some preferred embodiments, the minerals comprise lithium minerals and the target element is lithium; alternatively, the minerals include boron minerals and the target element is boron.
According to the mineral separation method, the environmental pollution, the water consumption, the mineral separation cost and the energy consumption can be reduced, and the stable and reliable quality of mineral separation products can be realized. The mineral separation method is particularly suitable for separating lithium ores and boron ores.
According to the mineral sorting method, F factors of all positions in the minerals can be determined through dual-mode imaging, so that the types of elements of all positions of the minerals can be determined. Referring to fig. 5, a result of mass recognition imaging (gray scale display) of a certain lithium mineral using dual mode imaging, but in the corresponding RGB (red green blue) mode, the distribution characteristics of the lithium mineral can be clearly seen. This is because Li or Li 2 O, B or B 2 O 3 Compared with other elements, the method has higher neutron analysis sensitivity, and can be easily distinguished from other elements based on the ratio of the differential cross sections of neutrons and X rays by a dual-mode imaging method. Whereas for e.g. sodalite it is difficult to distinguish it from e.g. potash ores according to their ratio of differential cross sections for neutrons and X-rays.
In the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings are merely for convenience in describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present utility model.
The present utility model employs first, second, etc. to describe various information, but such information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one type of information from another. For example, a first message may also be referred to as a second message, and similarly, a second message may also be referred to as a first message, without departing from the scope of the utility model.
In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; the two components can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or can be communicated inside the two components, or can be connected wirelessly or in a wired way. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present utility model will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
The above description is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present utility model and of the principles of the technology employed. It will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that the scope of the utility model referred to in the present utility model is not limited to the specific combinations of the technical features described above, but also covers other technical features formed by any combination of the technical features described above or their equivalents without departing from the inventive concept. Such as the above-mentioned features and the technical features disclosed in the present utility model (but not limited to) having similar functions are replaced with each other.
Claims (8)
1. A mineral sorting apparatus, comprising: the device comprises a conveying mechanism, a first light source assembly positioned above the conveying mechanism, a first detector assembly positioned below the conveying mechanism and a sorting mechanism;
the first light source component is used for emitting neutron rays and X rays for irradiating minerals;
the first detector assembly is used for detecting and acquiring detection data of X-rays attenuated by minerals and not attenuated by minerals and detection data of neutron rays attenuated by minerals and not attenuated by minerals, and comprises a neutron detector and an X-ray detector which are independent;
the sorting mechanism is for separating the minerals.
2. The mineral sorting apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first light source assembly comprises a first light source and a second light source that are independent of each other, the first light source being for emitting neutron radiation for illuminating minerals, the second light source being for emitting X-rays for illuminating minerals, the first light source and the second light source being arranged in sequence in a conveying direction of the conveying mechanism.
3. The mineral sorting apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a second light source assembly disposed on one side of the conveying direction of the conveying mechanism and a second detector assembly disposed on the other side.
4. A mineral sorting apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the sorting mechanism is a blowing device arranged to separate mineral exiting the conveying mechanism.
5. The mineral sorting apparatus of claim 4, wherein the blowing apparatus comprises high pressure nozzles comprising an array of distributed gas jets.
6. A mineral separation system comprising a mineral separation apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5.
7. The mineral separation system of claim 6 further comprising a crushing device disposed upstream of the conveyor mechanism of the mineral separation device.
8. The mineral separation system of claim 7 further comprising a controller in communication with the conveyor mechanism, the first light source assembly of the mineral separation apparatus, the first detector assembly of the mineral separation apparatus, the separation mechanism of the mineral separation apparatus, and the crushing apparatus.
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| CN202222327523.XU CN219799278U (en) | 2022-09-01 | 2022-09-01 | Mineral sorting device and mineral sorting system |
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| CN202222327523.XU CN219799278U (en) | 2022-09-01 | 2022-09-01 | Mineral sorting device and mineral sorting system |
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