CN219779208U - Conformal antenna, radar equipment and communication system - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a conformal antenna, radar equipment and a communication system, wherein the conformal antenna comprises a horn antenna and a beam reflection assembly, the beam reflection assembly is arranged at a horn mouth of the horn antenna, and a reflection surface is arranged on one side of the beam reflection assembly far away from the horn mouth, so that a radiation beam emitted from the horn antenna to the reflection surface is reflected to the radial direction of the horn antenna. The low-profile height is obtained by reducing the size of the main beam direction of the horn antenna, so that the method is suitable for application scenes with conformal planes or micro-curved surfaces.

Description

Conformal antenna, radar equipment and communication system

Technical Field

The present utility model relates to the field of radio frequency antennas, and in particular, to a conformal antenna, a radar device, and a communication system.

Background

Antennas are well known as important devices in electronic equipment for transmitting and receiving radio signals. Conventional antennas may be mounted outside the platform or inside the platform, but may present various problems such as space occupation, load configuration effects, etc. Thus, conformal antennas have evolved.

The conformal antenna is an antenna or an antenna array which can keep consistent with the shape of the carrier, and is equivalent to being attached to the outer surface of the platform and integrated with the shape structure of the platform. The adaptability is enhanced, and the method has great advantages compared with a planar array antenna.

Horn antennas are one of the classical antenna types, and as shown in fig. 1, the horn antennas are formed by gradually expanding the opening of a rectangular waveguide or a circular waveguide, and are shaped like horns, so that the horn antennas are easier to design and have stable performance, so that the horn antennas have the advantages of wider impedance bandwidth, moderate gain, simple structure and the like, and therefore, how to use the horn antennas as conformal antennas is a considerable problem.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is as follows: aiming at the technical problems in the prior art, the utility model provides a conformal antenna, radar equipment and a communication system, and the low-profile height is obtained by reducing the size of the main beam direction of a horn antenna, so that the conformal antenna is suitable for application scenes with conformal planes or micro-curved surfaces.

In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme provided by the utility model is as follows:

the utility model provides a conformal antenna, includes horn antenna and beam reflection subassembly, beam reflection subassembly installs in the horn mouth of horn antenna, one side that beam reflection subassembly kept away from the horn mouth is equipped with the reflecting surface for the radial of horn antenna is reflected to the radiation beam of follow horn antenna direction reflecting surface.

Further, the reflecting surface is a stepped reflecting surface.

Further, the stepped reflecting surface comprises at least 3 steps, and the height of the steps gradually increases along the direction away from the horn antenna.

Further, the reflecting surface is a curved reflecting surface, and the direction of the curved reflecting surface faces the direction far away from the horn antenna.

Further, the horn antenna is an H-plane sector horn antenna.

Further, the shell of beam reflection assembly and horn mouth intercommunication, the shell includes bottom plate and curb plate, the curb plate is vertical installs in the both sides of bottom plate, the width of bottom plate is the same with the width of horn mouth, just the height of curb plate is the same with the height of horn mouth.

Further, the bottom plate and the end parts of the side plates are respectively provided with a magnet, so that the shell is magnetically connected with the horn mouth.

The utility model also provides radar equipment, which comprises a radar carrier and a conformal antenna arranged on the surface of the radar carrier, wherein the conformal antenna is any conformal antenna.

The utility model also provides a communication system which comprises a tower type base station and a ceiling antenna arranged indoors, wherein the ceiling antenna is any conformal antenna.

The utility model also provides a communication system which comprises a well lid base station arranged underground and a well lid antenna arranged at the top end of the well lid base station, wherein the well lid antenna is any conformal antenna.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages that:

the utility model adopts the reflecting surface to effectively change the beam direction of the horn antenna, so that the beam direction size is reduced. The reflecting surface adopts a multi-layer stepped reflecting surface, so that the problem that the beam direction cannot be changed when a single-layer step is adopted can be avoided, and the energy of the changed radiation beam can be enhanced.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a horn antenna.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an external structure of a conformal antenna according to a first embodiment of the utility model.

Fig. 3 is a structure of a beam reflection assembly according to a first embodiment of the present utility model.

Fig. 4 shows the radiation beam direction of an H-plane sector horn antenna.

Fig. 5 shows the radiation beam direction of the conformal antenna according to the first embodiment of the present utility model.

Legend description: 1-horn antenna, 2-beam reflection assembly, 11-horn mouth, 21-reflecting surface, 22-housing, 221-bottom plate, 222-side plate.

Detailed Description

The utility model is further described below in connection with the drawings and the specific preferred embodiments, but the scope of protection of the utility model is not limited thereby.

Example 1

The main lobe direction of the radiation beam of the horn antenna is perpendicular to the mouth surface, the depth distance is long, and the size in the signal transmission direction is large, so that the horn antenna is not suitable for radial size sensitive application. In order to adapt the horn antenna to an application scenario with planar conformation or micro-curved surface conformation, as shown in fig. 1, the embodiment provides a conformal antenna, which includes a horn antenna 1 and a beam reflection assembly 2, wherein the beam reflection assembly 2 is installed at a horn mouth 11 of the horn antenna 1, one side of the beam reflection assembly 2 far away from the horn mouth 11 is provided with a reflection surface 21, through the above structure, the reflection surface 21 added on the opposite side of the horn mouth 11 of the horn antenna 1 can change the beam direction, so that a radiation beam emitted from the horn antenna 1 to the reflection surface 21 is reflected to the radial direction of the horn antenna 1.

In order to ensure that the reflection direction of the radiation beam faces the radial direction of the horn antenna 1, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the reflection surface 21 in this embodiment is a stepped reflection surface, and the same metal material as that of the horn antenna 1 is used to effectively reflect the radiation beam.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the stepped reflecting surface in the present embodiment includes at least 3 steps, the height of which increases stepwise in a direction away from the feedhorn 1. Through the multilayer ladder, can avoid the problem that can't realize beam direction change when adopting the individual layer ladder, can strengthen the energy of radiation beam after changing simultaneously, can also make the broadband work of antenna.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, in the present embodiment, the housing 22 of the beam reflection assembly 2 is in communication with the horn 11, the housing 22 includes a bottom plate 221 and side plates 222, the side plates 222 are vertically mounted on two sides of the bottom plate 221, the width of the bottom plate 221 is the same as the width of the horn 11, and the height of the side plates 222 is the same as the height of the horn 11. With this structure, most of the radiation beam is emitted from the open side of the top of the beam reflection assembly 2, thereby ensuring the direction in which the reflected radiation beam is emitted from the conformal antenna of the present embodiment.

In this embodiment, the beam reflection assembly 2 and the horn antenna 1 may be integrally designed, that is, the bottom plate 221 and the side plate 222 of the housing 22 in the beam reflection assembly 2 are respectively welded to the bottom edge and the side edge of the horn mouth 11. In addition, a detachable design can be adopted, and the ends of the bottom plate 221 and the side plate 222 are provided with magnets, so that the shell 22 is magnetically connected with the horn mouth 11, and can be used as a common antenna or a traditional horn antenna according to actual requirements.

When the horn antenna 1 is not provided with the beam reflection assembly 2, the radiation beam direction is shown by an arrow in fig. 3 and is vertical to the antenna port surface, the beam direction passes through a part with larger antenna size, after the horn antenna 1 is provided with the beam reflection assembly 2, the radiation beam direction is changed as shown by an arrow in fig. 4, the beam direction is in the radial direction of the antenna, and the antenna size of the passed part is obviously reduced, so that the requirement of a conformal antenna is met.

In order to further reduce the antenna size of the portion through which the beam passes, the horn antenna 1 in this embodiment is an H-plane sectoral horn antenna. Although the H-plane sector horn antenna has a longer depth length, the height of the H-plane sector horn antenna is lower, but the conformal antenna in this embodiment requires the beam to face the radial direction of the antenna, so that the H-plane sector horn antenna can adapt to the application scenario of planar conformal.

In summary, the conformal antenna of the present embodiment effectively changes the beam direction of the horn antenna, so that the beam direction size of the horn antenna is reduced, and the beam direction length of the horn antenna is generally 10 times the wavelength of the operating frequency band, and at this time, the beam direction length is 10 times the wavelength. And the length of the beam direction is about 1 wavelength after the beam direction is changed in the present embodiment. Reduced by about 10 times relative to the original size. Therefore, compared with the horn antenna in a basic form, the radial length is shortened, and the requirement of the conformal antenna is met.

Example two

The present embodiment is basically the same as the first embodiment, except that the reflecting surface 21 is a curved reflecting surface, and the direction of the curved reflecting surface faces away from the feedhorn 1. The curved reflecting surfaces can be parabolic curved surfaces with different curvatures, and the specific arrangement positions of the curved reflecting surfaces at the end, far away from the horn mouth 11, of the housing 22 of the beam reflecting assembly 2 can be determined through simulation software.

Compared with the first embodiment, the present embodiment can also meet the requirement of changing the beam direction, but the overall height of the conformal antenna is higher or the shape is irregular, which is not suitable for being planar conformal, but is more suitable for being curved conformal.

Example III

The present embodiment proposes a radar apparatus including a radar carrier and a conformal antenna mounted on a surface of the radar carrier, where the conformal antenna is the conformal antenna in the first embodiment.

Example IV

The embodiment provides a communication system, which comprises a tower type base station and a ceiling antenna installed indoors, wherein the ceiling antenna adopts the conformal antenna in the first embodiment.

Example five

This embodiment proposes a communication system, including installing in the well lid basic station in the underground and installing in the well lid antenna on well lid basic station top, this well lid antenna adopts conformal antenna in embodiment one.

The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model in any way. While the utility model has been described with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to be limiting. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent variation and modification of the above embodiments according to the technical substance of the present utility model shall fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present utility model.

Claims (10)

1. The conformal antenna is characterized by comprising a horn antenna (1) and a beam reflection assembly (2), wherein the beam reflection assembly (2) is arranged at a horn mouth (11) of the horn antenna (1), and a reflection surface (21) is arranged on one side, far away from the horn mouth (11), of the beam reflection assembly (2) so that a radiation beam emitted from the horn antenna (1) to the reflection surface (21) is reflected to the radial direction of the horn antenna (1).

2. A conformal antenna according to claim 1, wherein the reflecting surface (21) is a stepped reflecting surface.

3. A conformal antenna according to claim 2, wherein the stepped reflecting surface comprises at least 3 steps, the height of the steps increasing stepwise with the direction away from the feedhorn (1).

4. A conformal antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that the reflecting surface (21) is a curved reflecting surface and the direction of the curved reflecting surface is directed away from the feedhorn (1).

5. The conformal antenna according to claim 1, wherein the feedhorn (1) is an H-plane sectored feedhorn.

6. The conformal antenna according to claim 1, wherein the housing (22) of the beam reflection assembly (2) is in communication with the horn mouth (11), the housing (22) comprises a bottom plate (221) and side plates (222), the side plates (222) are vertically mounted on both sides of the bottom plate (221), the width of the bottom plate (221) is the same as the width of the horn mouth (11), and the height of the side plates (222) is the same as the height of the horn mouth (11).

7. The conformal antenna according to claim 6, wherein the ends of the bottom plate (221) and the side plates (222) are each provided with a magnet such that the housing (22) is magnetically connected with the horn mouth (11).

8. A radar apparatus comprising a radar carrier and a conformal antenna mounted to a surface of the radar carrier, wherein the conformal antenna is a conformal antenna as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. A communication system comprising a tower base station and a ceiling antenna mounted indoors, wherein the ceiling antenna is the conformal antenna of any one of claims 1-7.

10. A communication system comprising a manhole cover base station installed in the ground and a manhole cover antenna installed at the top end of the manhole cover base station, wherein the manhole cover antenna is the conformal antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 7.