CN219775738U - Continuous organic solid waste carbonization furnace - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of carbonization furnaces, in particular to a continuous organic solid waste carbonization furnace, which comprises a furnace body, a material conveying mechanism, a plurality of combustors, a temperature distribution system and a control system, wherein the furnace body is provided with a feed hopper and a discharge port, the furnace body is provided with a temperature sensor, the material conveying mechanism is arranged in the furnace body and is used for conveying materials input at the feed hopper to the discharge port, the combustors are arranged in the furnace body and are used for enabling the temperature in the furnace body to reach carbonization temperature, the temperature distribution system is arranged in the furnace body and is used for promoting the heat diffusion of the combustors to enable the heat to be uniformly distributed in the furnace body, and the control system is respectively electrically connected with the temperature sensor, the material conveying mechanism, the combustors and the temperature distribution system; the utility model is used for overcoming the defect of uneven heat distribution in the carbonization furnace in the prior art, can ensure that the heat distribution in the furnace body is even, promotes the realization of continuous production of the biochar and improves the preparation efficiency of the biochar.

Description

Continuous organic solid waste carbonization furnace

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of carbonization furnaces, in particular to a continuous organic solid waste carbonization furnace.

Background

The organic solid waste refers to biomass such as excess sludge, garden waste and kitchen waste of an urban sewage plant, and is mostly prepared into biochar for reducing, harmlessly treating and recycling the organic solid waste, and meanwhile, the emission of greenhouse gases can be reduced and a large amount of carbon can be fixed.

The preparation of the biochar is to generate porous substances through thermal cracking reaction under anoxic and high-temperature environments, namely, in the preparation process, the high-temperature anaerobic environment needs to be met in a carbonization furnace body, and at present, a carbonization furnace in the prior art is mainly divided into a rotary kiln and a vertical kiln, wherein the rotary kiln is indirectly heated, the thermal efficiency is low, the reaction heat of the vertical kiln is unevenly distributed, continuous production is difficult to realize, the production efficiency is low, and the preparation effect of the biochar is affected.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model provides the continuous organic solid waste carbonization furnace for overcoming the defect of uneven heat distribution in the carbonization furnace in the prior art, so that the heat distribution in the furnace body can be uniform, the continuous production of biochar is promoted, and the preparation efficiency of the biochar is improved.

In order to solve the technical problems, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a continuous organic solid waste carbonization stove, includes furnace body, material conveying mechanism, a plurality of combustor, temperature distribution system and control system, the furnace body is equipped with feeder hopper and discharge gate, be equipped with temperature sensor on the furnace body, material conveying mechanism sets up in the furnace body, be used for with the material that feeder hopper department was thrown into is carried to the discharge gate, a plurality of the combustor sets up in the furnace body, be used for making the temperature reaches carbonization temperature in the furnace body, temperature distribution system sets up in the furnace body, be used for promoting the heat diffusion of combustor makes heat evenly distributed be in the furnace body, control system respectively with temperature sensor material conveying mechanism the combustor and the temperature distribution system electricity is connected.

Further, the temperature distribution system comprises a plurality of temperature guide pipes, one ends of the temperature guide pipes are arranged at the end parts, provided with the burner, in the furnace body, and the other ends of the temperature guide pipes penetrate through the material conveying mechanism and extend to the other ends of the furnace body.

Further, the temperature conduit is a flat tube.

Further, the furnace body is provided with a furnace chamber part and an exhaust hood, and the furnace chamber part and the exhaust hood are of an integrated closed structure.

Further, the exhaust hood is provided with a guide portion for guiding exhaust gas and an accumulating portion, the guide portion being provided between the furnace chamber portion and the accumulating portion, the guide portion being provided as an inclined wall, and the accumulating portion being provided as a gentle wall.

Further, an exhaust port and a pressure sensor for unidirectionally exhausting waste gas in the furnace body are arranged on the exhaust hood, an induced draft fan is arranged in the exhaust port, and the induced draft fan is electrically connected with the control system.

Further, an oxygen concentration monitor is arranged at the exhaust port and is electrically connected with the control system.

Further, one port of the exhaust gas circulation pipeline is connected with the exhaust hood, the other port of the exhaust gas circulation pipeline is connected with the burner, and an explosion-proof fan is arranged in the exhaust gas circulation pipeline.

Further, be equipped with first closed unit in the feeder hopper, first closed unit includes first material sensor, material board and first drive assembly, first material sensor with the material board is installed at the interval in proper order in the feeder hopper, first drive assembly's drive end with the material board is connected, first material sensor reaches first drive assembly respectively with the control system electricity is connected.

Further, a second closed unit is arranged at the discharge hole and comprises a second material sensor, a door stop plate and a second driving assembly, the second material sensor and the door stop plate are sequentially arranged at intervals at the discharge hole, the driving end of the second driving assembly is connected with the door stop plate, and the second material sensor and the second driving assembly are respectively and electrically connected with the control system.

Further, the material conveying mechanism comprises a plurality of conveying chain plates, each conveying chain plate is sequentially arranged layer by layer from the top end of the furnace body to the bottom end of the furnace body, and the temperature guide pipe is perpendicular to the conveying chain plates.

Further, the material conveying directions of the conveying chain plates are sequentially staggered, so that materials input at the feeding hopper are sequentially conveyed to the discharging hole layer by layer through the conveying chain plates, and a material blocking plate is arranged at the butt joint end for receiving and conveying the materials between the two conveying chain plates.

Further, a fire baffle plate is arranged between each conveying chain plate and the combustor.

Further, the end of the fire baffle facing the burner is a flat end, and the end of the fire baffle facing the conveying chain plate is an arc end.

Further, a plurality of ash falling hoppers are arranged in the furnace body, and the opening ends of the ash falling hoppers face the top of the furnace body.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

according to the continuous organic solid waste carbonization furnace provided by the utility model, the temperature distribution system is arranged in the furnace body, so that the heat at the bottom of the furnace body and the heat at the top of the furnace body can be exchanged, the heating uniformity is increased, the heat diffusion area is increased, the organic solid waste is uniformly heated in the transportation of the material conveying mechanism, the continuous production can be realized, the production efficiency and the biological carbon preparation effect are improved, and the temperature of each part in the furnace body is effectively controlled through the temperature distribution system, so that the heat utilization rate is improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a carbonization furnace according to the present utility model;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the fire baffle plate in the present utility model.

Reference numerals: 1-a furnace hearth section; 2-a guide; 3-an accumulation section; 4-conveying chain plates; 5-an exhaust gas circulation pipe; 6-feeding a hopper; 7-a discharge hole; 8-a striker plate; 9-a fire baffle plate; 910-flat ends; 920-arcuate ends; 10-ash falling hopper; 11-a burner; 12-a temperature conduit; 13-maintenance door; 14-a control system; 15-output conveyor belt.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present utility model will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are only some, but not all embodiments of the utility model. The utility model is described in one of its examples in connection with the following detailed description. Wherein the drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are shown in schematic, non-physical, and not intended to be limiting of the present patent; for the purpose of better illustrating embodiments of the utility model, certain elements of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced and do not represent the size of the actual product; it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that certain well-known structures in the drawings and descriptions thereof may be omitted.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1, the embodiment provides a continuous organic solid waste carbonization furnace, which comprises a furnace body, a material conveying mechanism, a plurality of combustors 11, an exhaust gas circulation pipeline 5 and a control system 14;

the furnace body is provided with a feed hopper 6 and a discharge hole 7, a first sealing unit is arranged at the feed hopper 6, a second sealing unit is arranged at the discharge hole 7, and a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor are arranged on the furnace body;

the material conveying mechanism is arranged in the furnace body and is used for conveying the materials input at the feed hopper 6 to the discharge port 7;

a plurality of burners 11 are arranged in the furnace body for enabling the temperature in the furnace body to reach the carbonization temperature;

the waste gas circulation pipeline 5 is arranged in the furnace body and is used for absorbing waste gas generated in the carbonization process in the furnace body and supplying the waste gas to the combustor 11 for combustion;

the control system 14 is electrically connected to the first closed cell, the second closed cell, the temperature sensor, the pressure sensor, the material transfer mechanism, the burner 11 and the exhaust gas circulation duct 5, respectively.

In this embodiment, the combustion gas of the burner 11 is divided into two parts, one part is the combustible gas introduced by the burner 11, i.e. the combustible gas prepared by mixing air and natural gas, and the other part is the combustible waste gas generated by carbonization reaction circulating in the waste gas circulation pipeline 5, and the combustible waste gas is used for reducing the air pressure in the furnace body and reducing the oxygen content in the furnace body.

Specifically, when the embodiment is used, before carbonization, the carbonization temperature and the carbonization gas pressure are set in the control system 14, and then the control system 14 is used for starting the burner 11 to preheat the furnace body; after preheating, temperature data in the furnace body are acquired in real time by using a temperature sensor, the temperature data in the furnace body are transmitted to a control system 14, and the control system 14 analyzes the temperature data in the furnace body and adjusts the power of the burner 11 so that the temperature in the furnace body reaches carbonization temperature; starting a first closed unit by using the control system 14, opening the feed hopper 6 to enable the organic solid waste to be put into the furnace body from the feed hopper 6, and starting a material conveying mechanism by using the control system 14 to enable the organic solid waste to run on the material conveying mechanism and carry out carbonization reaction; the pressure sensor is used for monitoring gas pressure data in the carbonization reaction in the furnace body to prevent explosion, and the gas pressure data is transmitted to the control system 14 until the control system 14 receives that the gas pressure data exceeds the set carbonization gas pressure; at this time, the control system 14 starts the exhaust gas circulation channel, and supplies the exhaust gas generated in the carbonization process in the furnace body to the burner 11 for burning, so as to reduce the gas pressure in the furnace body and consume the oxygen in the furnace body, and form an anaerobic environment to continuously promote the carbonization reaction; finally, the carbonized organic solid waste moves to the discharge port 7 along with the material conveying mechanism, and the control system 14 starts the second closed unit to open the discharge port 7, so that the carbonized organic solid waste is discharged out of the furnace body.

Compared with the prior art, the method can utilize the waste gas circulation system to reutilize the combustible waste gas generated by the carbonization reaction, on one hand, the oxygen content in the furnace body can be reduced, and the anoxic environment required by the carbonization reaction is formed, so that the carbonization process is further promoted to produce high-quality biochar, the pressure of the waste gas is reduced, explosion is avoided, on the other hand, the gas exchange between the furnace body and the outside is reduced, the gas flow is avoided, the heat loss is reduced, the emission of nitrogen oxides is reduced, the greenhouse gas is reduced, and the heat efficiency is high.

Further, as shown in fig. 1, for the structural design of the furnace body, in order to reduce heat loss of the furnace body, ensure a high-temperature environment required by carbonization reaction in the furnace body, reduce oxygen content in the furnace body, and ensure an anoxic environment required by carbonization in the furnace body, the furnace body of the embodiment is provided with a furnace chamber part 1 and an exhaust hood, and the furnace chamber part 1 and the exhaust hood are preferably designed into an integrated closed structure for enhancing the sealing performance of the furnace body, reducing internal and external flow of gas, not only limiting heat loss, but also limiting external oxygen entering, and ensuring high-temperature anoxic conditions required by carbonization reaction.

Meanwhile, with the progress of combustion in the furnace body, a combustible gas and a combustible liquid are generated in the furnace body, and the generated combustible liquid is atomized in a high-temperature environment in the furnace body, the generated combustible gas and combustible liquid are collectively called as an exhaust gas in the embodiment, and the exhaust gas is moved upwards due to lighter weight, so that the gas flow in the furnace body is enabled to flow stably, the exhaust hood is preferably provided with a guide part 2 and an accumulation part 3 for guiding the exhaust gas, the guide part 2 is arranged between the furnace chamber part 1 and the accumulation part 3, that is, the exhaust gas is guided to collect at the accumulation part 3 through the guide part 2 in the upward movement, wherein in the embodiment, in order to improve the flow speed of the exhaust gas, the guide part 2 is preferably arranged as an inclined wall so that the exhaust gas flows along the inclined wall to the accumulation part 3, and the accumulation part 3 is arranged as a gentle wall so that the exhaust gas stays and gathers in the accumulation part 3.

In addition, when the exhaust gas generated in the furnace body is accumulated to a certain amount, the air pressure in the furnace body is increased, in order to avoid explosion, in this embodiment, an exhaust port for unidirectionally exhausting the exhaust gas in the furnace body is preferably arranged on the accumulation part 3 of the exhaust hood, and in order to control the flow direction of the gas, so that the exhaust gas can only be exhausted from the furnace body to the outside of the furnace body, and the gas outside the furnace body is limited to enter the furnace body to increase the oxygen amount, and a unidirectional valve is preferably arranged at the exhaust port; meanwhile, in order to increase the exhaust speed of the waste gas, an induced draft fan is preferably arranged in the exhaust port and is electrically connected with the control system 14, when the device is specifically used, the gas pressure in the furnace body is monitored in real time through the pressure sensor, when the gas pressure in the furnace body is greater than a set value, the pressure sensor transmits a pressure signal to the control system 14, the control system 14 opens the one-way valve and starts the induced draft fan, a part of the waste gas in the furnace body is exhausted out of the furnace body until the gas pressure in the furnace body is recovered to be lower than the external atmospheric pressure, and explosion is avoided.

Further, in order to monitor the oxygen content in the furnace body in real time, in this embodiment, it is preferable to provide an oxygen concentration monitor at the exhaust port, and the oxygen concentration monitor is electrically connected to the control system 14, that is, the oxygen content in the furnace body is determined by monitoring the oxygen content in the exhaust gas, so as to ensure that the furnace body is in an anoxic environment, and facilitate the carbonization reaction.

Further, as shown in fig. 1, regarding the structural design of the exhaust gas circulation pipeline 5, in order to further limit the oxygen content in the furnace body and create an anaerobic environment for the carbonization reaction in the furnace body, in this embodiment, the exhaust gas circulation pipeline 5 is disposed in the furnace body, that is, one port of the exhaust gas circulation pipeline 5 is connected with the exhaust hood, and the other port of the exhaust gas circulation pipeline 5 is connected with the burner 11, which is equivalent to disposing a section of closed circulation pipeline in the furnace body, because the carbonization reaction can generate the exhaust gas of the combustible gas, the part of the exhaust gas can be recycled to burn to provide the required high temperature environment for the carbonization reaction, and meanwhile, a part of the exhaust gas can be consumed, so as to reduce the gas pressure in the furnace body.

In order to further enhance the gas flow in the exhaust gas circulation duct 5, in this embodiment, an explosion-proof fan is preferably disposed in the exhaust gas circulation duct 5 for improving the flow rate of the exhaust gas, and the explosion-proof fan can resist high temperature and avoid damage.

According to the embodiment, the combustible waste gas generated by the carbonization reaction can be recycled through the waste gas circulation system and participate in the combustion of the combustor 11, so that on one hand, the temperature in the furnace can be increased, the high-temperature condition required by the carbonization reaction in the furnace body is maintained, meanwhile, the oxygen in the furnace body can be consumed, the oxygen content is reduced, the anoxic environment required by the carbonization reaction in the furnace body is maintained, the carbonization process is facilitated, high-quality biochar is produced, on the other hand, the gas content in the furnace body can be reduced as the waste gas recycling is gradually consumed, the gas pressure in the furnace body is further reduced, the furnace body is facilitated to maintain a slight negative pressure state, explosion is avoided, the waste gas circulation system enables the gas in the furnace body to be self-produced and self-used, the exchange of the gas in the furnace body and the outside is reduced, the heat loss can be reduced, the oxygen content can be reduced, and the emission of nitrogen oxides can be reduced.

Further, as shown in fig. 1, regarding the structural design of the feeding hopper 6, in this embodiment, in order to reduce the leakage of gas in the furnace body and further reduce the heat loss, it is preferable to provide a first sealing unit at the feeding hopper 6 for sealing the feeding hopper 6 and restricting the gas flow.

Specifically, in this embodiment, first closed unit includes first material sensor, material board and first actuating assembly, first material sensor and material board interval in proper order are installed in feeder hopper 6, first actuating assembly's drive end and material board are connected, first material sensor and first actuating assembly are connected with control system 14 electricity respectively, preferably feeder hopper 6 is the toper structure, set up two spaced first mounting points and second mounting point on feeder hopper 6's inner wall promptly, the second mounting point is located between first mounting point and the material transport mechanism, wherein, first mounting point department sets up first material sensor, second mounting point department sets up material board and first actuating assembly, the material board is when not acting, be used for sealing feeder hopper 6, restrict the solid useless entering stove of organic promptly and restrict gaseous exchange, first actuating assembly can be hydraulic drive subassembly or motor drive assembly, be used for removing the material board and make feeder hopper 6 opened, can put into the organic solid useless into the stove.

When the feeding hopper 6 is closed in the original state of the material plate, at the moment, organic solid waste continuously falls onto the material plate and is intercepted and piled up by the material plate until the piled up amount of the organic solid waste reaches the position of the first material sensor, the first material sensor is triggered, the first material sensor sends an opening signal to the control system 14, the control system 14 starts the first driving component to move away the material plate, so that the organic solid waste accumulated on the material plate completely falls onto a material transmission mechanism in the furnace body, and after the organic solid waste is thrown into the furnace body, the first material sensor can not monitor materials any more, therefore, the first material sensor sends a closing signal to the control system 14, the control system 14 starts the first driving component to reset the material plate, so that the feeding hopper 6 is sealed again, the organic solid waste is continuously accumulated until the accumulated amount of the organic solid waste is reached again, and the feeding hopper 6 can be started again to be thrown into the furnace body, so that continuous circulating feeding is realized.

Wherein, the distance between first material sensor and the material board is the condition of restriction organic solid useless accumulation volume, for the distance between the first material sensor of being convenient for adjustment and the material board, can set up the scale mark on the inner wall of feeder hopper 6, the accurate control organic solid useless feeding volume, when the material of organic solid useless accumulation is less than first material sensor's settlement height promptly, the material board closes feeder hopper 6, and when the material of organic solid useless accumulation is higher than first material sensor's settlement height, the material board opens feeder hopper 6.

Further, as shown in fig. 1, regarding the structural design of the discharge port 7, in order to reduce the leakage of gas in the furnace body and further reduce heat loss, it is preferable to provide a second sealing unit at the discharge port 7 for sealing the discharge port 7 and restricting the flow of gas.

Specifically, in this embodiment, the second sealing unit includes a second material sensor, a door stop plate, and a second driving component, where the second material sensor and the door stop plate are sequentially installed at the discharge port 7 at intervals, and the driving end of the second driving component is connected with the door stop plate, and the second material sensor and the second driving component are respectively electrically connected with the control system 14.

When the device is used, the discharge port 7 is sealed in the original state of the baffle plate, organic solid waste after carbonization reaction is continuously accumulated at the baffle plate and is intercepted by the baffle plate until the accumulation amount of the organic solid waste reaches the position of the second material sensor, the second material sensor is triggered, the second material sensor sends an opening signal to the control system 14, the control system 14 starts the second driving component to move away the baffle plate, the accumulated organic solid waste is discharged from the material transmission mechanism to the outside of the furnace body, after the organic solid waste is discharged from the furnace body, the second material sensor can not monitor materials any more, therefore, the second material sensor sends a closing signal to the control system 14, the control system 14 starts the second driving component to reset the baffle plate, the discharge port 7 is sealed again, the accumulation of the organic solid waste is continuously started until the accumulation amount of the organic solid waste is reached again, the discharge port 7 can be opened again to be discharged outside the furnace body, continuous circulation discharge can be realized, the discharge can be smoothly and seriously, the accumulation can be flexibly adjusted, the discharge port 7 can be kept in a sealed state, and the heat loss can be reduced.

Further, in the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, in order to facilitate the rapid discharge of the carbonized organic solid waste from the discharge port 7, it is preferable to provide an output conveyor 15 at the discharge port 7, that is, to facilitate the rapid conveyance of the organic solid waste to the next process.

Further, as shown in fig. 1, regarding the structural design of the material conveying mechanism, in this embodiment, in order to facilitate the continuous reaction of the organic solid waste and to facilitate the production of high quality biochar in the carbonization process, it is preferable to set the material conveying mechanism to a stable chain structure, where the material conveying mechanism includes a plurality of conveying chain plates 4, and each conveying chain plate 4 is sequentially arranged layer by layer from the top end of the furnace body to the bottom end of the furnace body; the material conveying directions of the conveying chain plates 4 are preferably staggered in sequence, so that the materials input at the feed hopper 6 are sequentially conveyed to the discharge port 7 layer by layer through the conveying chain plates 4.

Specifically, when organic solid waste enters the furnace body from the feed hopper 6, the conveying chain plate 4 is preferably provided with four layers, namely, a first layer of chain plate, a second layer of chain plate, a third layer of chain plate and a fourth layer of chain plate are sequentially arranged in the furnace body from top to bottom, wherein the feed hopper 6 and the discharge hole 7 are arranged at the right end of the furnace body, the material conveying direction of the first layer of chain plate is preferably set to be from right to left, the material conveying direction of the second layer of chain plate is preferably set to be from left to right, the material conveying direction of the third layer of chain plate is set to be from right to left, and the material conveying direction of the fourth layer of chain plate is set to be from left to right, so that organic solid waste can be fed into the furnace body from the feed hopper 6 to the position of the discharge hole 7 layer by layer, and the carbonization reaction is facilitated.

Meanwhile, in this embodiment, in order to make the organic solid waste react sufficiently, it is preferable to design the lengths of the conveying chain plates 4 of each layer to be the same length, and in order to prevent the organic solid waste from falling from the butt joint of the two conveying chain plates 4, it is preferable that a material blocking plate 8 is provided at the butt joint end for receiving and sending the material between the two conveying chain plates 4, the material falling is restricted by the material blocking plate 8, and the material blocking plate 8 is preferably arranged obliquely, so that the material is facilitated to move transitionally between the two conveying chain plates 4.

In addition, in this embodiment, the conveying direction of the materials can be set to be the same by the conveying chain plates 4 at each level, and at this time, the feeding hopper 6 and the discharging hole 7 are required to be respectively arranged at two ends of the furnace body, and can be flexibly adjusted according to the needs.

Further, as shown in fig. 1-2, since the flame of the burner 11 is sprayed far, in order to prevent the burner 11 from burning the conveying chain plate 4 and prolong the service life of the conveying chain plate 4, in this embodiment, a fire baffle 9 is preferably disposed between each conveying chain plate 4 and the burner 11, that is, in this embodiment, when the burner 11 sprays flame horizontally, the flame is flexible to be arc-shaped due to the far distance, on one hand, the conveying chain plate 4 is easy to burn, and on the other hand, the organic solid waste is easy to be heated unevenly, so, in order to protect the conveying chain plate 4 and facilitate heat collection for the burner 11, in this embodiment, a fire baffle 9 is disposed between each conveying chain plate 4 and the burner 11, wherein, preferably, the end of the fire baffle 9 facing the burner 11 is a flat end 910, that is preferably, the end of the fire baffle 9 is heat collected by the flat end 910, that is preferably, and the heating area for organic solid waste is increased by the arc end 920, the carbonization effect is improved, and the arc end 920 can also be disposed to be a butt end with two inclined surfaces, and, meanwhile, in this embodiment, a porous ceramic fire baffle 9 is preferably disposed between the conveying chain plate and the burner 11, and a porous ceramic structure.

Further, as shown in fig. 1, in order to further improve the heating effect of the organic solid waste, avoid uneven heat distribution, in this embodiment, a plurality of temperature conduits 12 are preferably arranged in the furnace body, the temperature conduits 12 are connected to the fire baffle 9, and heat of the fire baffle 9 is transferred, so that the heat is further uniformly diffused, wherein, the temperature conduits 12 are preferably vertically arranged, that is, the temperature conduits 12 are arranged perpendicular to the conveying chain plate 4, so that heat exchange between the bottom of the furnace body and the top is facilitated, the heating uniformity is improved, and in order to save the internal space of the furnace body, the heat diffusion area is increased, and the temperature conduits 12 are preferably arranged as flat pipes, so that the heat diffusion area is increased, on one hand, the passing through the gap between the conveying chain plate 4 from the furnace body is facilitated, on the other hand, the heat dissipation effect is improved, the temperature of each part in the furnace body is effectively controlled, and the heat utilization rate is improved.

Further, as shown in fig. 1, in order to collect the combustion ash generated in the furnace body, in this embodiment, a plurality of ash dropping hoppers 10 are preferably arranged in the furnace body, the open ends of the ash dropping hoppers 10 are arranged towards the top of the furnace body, so that the combustion ash is beneficial to falling into the furnace body for collection, and meanwhile, the two side walls of the ash dropping hoppers 10 are preferably arranged obliquely, so that the open ends of the ash dropping hoppers 10 form a flaring structure, the collection area is beneficial to increase, and a plurality of ash dropping hoppers 10 are preferably arranged, so that the replacement and cleaning are convenient.

Further, as shown in fig. 1, in this embodiment, in order to facilitate maintenance of the equipment inside the furnace body, a plurality of maintenance doors 13 are preferably provided on the side wall of the furnace body.

Example 2

As shown in fig. 1, this embodiment provides a carbonization method of organic solid wastes, which is implemented by using the carbonization furnace in embodiment 1, and specifically includes the following steps:

s1, before carbonization, setting carbonization temperature and carbonization gas pressure in a control system 14;

s2, starting the burner 11 by using the control system 14 to preheat the furnace body;

s3, acquiring temperature data in the furnace body in real time by using a temperature sensor, transmitting the temperature data in the furnace body to the control system 14, and analyzing the temperature data in the furnace body by the control system 14 and adjusting the power of the burner 11 to enable the temperature in the furnace body to reach carbonization temperature;

s4, starting a first closed unit by using a control system 14, opening the feed hopper 6 to enable organic solid wastes to be fed into the furnace body from the feed hopper 6, and starting a material conveying mechanism by using the control system 14 to enable the organic solid wastes to run on the material conveying mechanism and carry out carbonization reaction;

s5, monitoring gas pressure data in the furnace body during carbonization reaction by using a pressure sensor, and transmitting the gas pressure data to the control system 14 until the control system 14 receives that the gas pressure data exceeds the set carbonization gas pressure;

s6, the control system 14 starts an exhaust gas circulation channel, and exhaust gas generated in the carbonization process in the furnace body is supplied to the combustor 11 for combustion, so that the gas pressure in the furnace body is reduced, oxygen in the furnace body is consumed, an anaerobic environment is formed, and the carbonization reaction is continuously promoted;

and S7, moving the carbonized organic solid waste to the discharge port 7 along with the material conveying mechanism, and starting the second sealing unit by the control system 14 to open the discharge port 7 so that the carbonized organic solid waste is discharged out of the furnace body.

In step S4, the first sealing unit includes a first material sensor, a material plate and a first driving component, so that the organic solid waste is thrown into the furnace body from the feed hopper 6, and the method specifically includes the following steps:

s4.1, setting the input amount of organic solid wastes in a first material sensor;

s4.2, continuously accumulating organic wastes in the feed hopper 6 and between the first material sensor and the material plate until the accumulation amount of the organic solid wastes reaches a set input amount value of the first material sensor, and transmitting input signals to the control system 14 by the first material sensor;

and S4.3, the control system 14 starts the first driving assembly, and the first driving assembly drives the material plate to move so as to open the feed hopper 6, so that the organic solid waste falls onto the material conveying mechanism in the furnace body.

Wherein, in step S7, the second closed unit includes the second material sensor, the door stop plate and the second driving assembly, so that the organic solid waste is discharged from the discharge hole 7 to the outside of the furnace body, specifically including the following steps:

s7.1, setting the discharge amount of the organic solid waste in a second material sensor;

s7.2, when the carbonized organic solid waste moves to the discharge port 7 along with the material conveying mechanism until the accumulation amount of the organic solid waste reaches the discharge set value of a second material sensor, the second material sensor transmits a discharge signal to the control system 14;

and S7.3, the control system 14 starts a second driving assembly, and the second driving assembly drives the baffle plate to move to open the discharge hole 7, so that carbonized organic solid wastes are discharged from the discharge hole 7.

It should be noted that, when the furnace body is burning, waste gas is generated, in order to control the induced draft fan to discharge the waste gas out of the furnace body, so as to prevent the explosion caused by the bearing pressure of the furnace body, the induced draft of the induced draft fan in this embodiment can meet that the pressure in the furnace body is lower than the atmospheric pressure, that is, the pressure of the carbonized gas set in the step S1 is preferably lower than 50-180 pascals of the atmospheric pressure, so that the furnace body generates micro negative pressure environment, thereby avoiding the explosion, improving the safety coefficient, and meanwhile, the negative pressure value in the furnace body cannot be too large, if too large, the heat loss is larger.

In the step S2, the preheating time is 15-15min, and the preheating temperature is 250-580 ℃.

In the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that, if there is an azimuth or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", etc., based on the azimuth or positional relationship shown in the drawings, it is only for convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, but it is not indicated or implied that the apparatus or element referred to must have a specific azimuth, be constructed and operated in a specific azimuth, and thus terms describing the positional relationship in the drawings are merely illustrative and should not be construed as limitations of the present patent, and specific meanings of the terms described above may be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific circumstances. In addition, if there is a description of "first", "second", etc. in the embodiments of the present utility model, the description of "first", "second", etc. is for descriptive purposes only and is not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In addition, the meaning of "and/or" as it appears throughout is meant to include three side-by-side schemes, for example, "A and/or B", including the A scheme, or the B scheme, or the scheme where A and B meet at the same time.

It is to be understood that the above examples of the present utility model are provided by way of illustration only and not by way of limitation of the embodiments of the present utility model. Other variations or modifications of the above teachings will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. It is not necessary here nor is it exhaustive of all embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc., or direct/indirect use in other related technical fields, which are within the spirit and principle of the present utility model, should be included in the scope of the claims of the present utility model.

Claims (15)

1. The utility model provides a continuous organic solid waste carbonization furnace, its characterized in that, includes furnace body, material conveying mechanism, a plurality of combustor (11), temperature distribution system and control system (14), the furnace body is equipped with feeder hopper (6) and discharge gate (7), be equipped with temperature sensor on the furnace body, material conveying mechanism sets up in the furnace body for with the material that feeder hopper (6) department was thrown into is carried to discharge gate (7), a plurality of combustor (11) set up in the furnace body for make the temperature reaches carbonization temperature in the furnace body, temperature distribution system sets up in the furnace body, be used for with promoting the heat diffusion of combustor (11) makes heat evenly distributed in the furnace body, control system (14) respectively with temperature sensor material conveying mechanism combustor (11) and temperature distribution system electricity is connected.

2. A continuous organic solid waste carbonization furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that the temperature distribution system comprises a plurality of temperature conduits (12), one end of the temperature conduit (12) is arranged at the end of the furnace body where the burner (11) is arranged, and the other end of the temperature conduit (12) extends to the other end of the furnace body through the material conveying mechanism.

3. A continuous organic solid waste carbonizer according to claim 2, wherein said temperature conduit (12) is a flat tube.

4. The continuous organic solid waste carbonization furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein the furnace body is provided with a furnace chamber part (1) and an exhaust hood, and the furnace chamber part (1) and the exhaust hood are of an integrated closed structure.

5. A continuous organic solid waste carbonization furnace according to claim 4, characterized in that the exhaust hood is provided with a guiding portion (2) for guiding exhaust gases and an accumulating portion (3), the guiding portion (2) being arranged between the furnace portion (1) and the accumulating portion (3), the guiding portion (2) being arranged as an inclined wall, the accumulating portion (3) being arranged as a gentle wall.

6. The continuous organic solid waste carbonization furnace as claimed in claim 5, wherein an exhaust port and a pressure sensor for unidirectionally exhausting the exhaust gas in the furnace body are arranged on the exhaust hood, an induced draft fan is arranged in the exhaust port, and the induced draft fan is electrically connected with the control system (14).

7. The continuous organic solid waste carbonization furnace as claimed in claim 6, wherein an oxygen concentration monitor is provided at the exhaust port, and the oxygen concentration monitor is electrically connected to the control system (14).

8. The continuous organic solid waste carbonization furnace as claimed in claim 4, wherein an exhaust gas circulation pipeline (5) is arranged in the furnace body, one port of the exhaust gas circulation pipeline (5) is connected with the exhaust hood, the other port of the exhaust gas circulation pipeline (5) is connected with the burner (11), and an explosion-proof fan is arranged in the exhaust gas circulation pipeline (5).

9. The continuous organic solid waste carbonization furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein a first sealing unit is arranged in the feed hopper (6), the first sealing unit comprises a first material sensor, a material plate and a first driving component, the first material sensor and the material plate are sequentially installed in the feed hopper (6) at intervals, the driving end of the first driving component is connected with the material plate, and the first material sensor and the first driving component are respectively electrically connected with the control system (14).

10. The continuous organic solid waste carbonization furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein a second closed unit is arranged at the discharge hole (7), the second closed unit comprises a second material sensor, a baffle plate and a second driving assembly, the second material sensor and the baffle plate are sequentially installed at the discharge hole (7) at intervals, the driving end of the second driving assembly is connected with the baffle plate, and the second material sensor and the second driving assembly are respectively electrically connected with the control system (14).

11. The continuous organic solid waste carbonization furnace as claimed in claim 2, wherein the material conveying mechanism comprises a plurality of conveying chain plates (4), each conveying chain plate (4) is sequentially arranged layer by layer from the top end of the furnace body to the bottom end of the furnace body, and the temperature guide pipe (12) is perpendicular to the conveying chain plates (4).

12. The continuous organic solid waste carbonization furnace as claimed in claim 11, wherein the material conveying directions of the conveying chain plates (4) are sequentially staggered, so that the materials input at the feed hopper (6) are sequentially conveyed to the discharge port (7) layer by layer through the conveying chain plates (4), and a material blocking plate (8) is arranged at the butt joint end for receiving the materials between the two conveying chain plates (4).

13. A continuous organic solid waste carbonizer according to claim 12, wherein a flame plate (9) is provided between each of said conveying chain plates (4) and said burner (11).

14. The continuous organic solid waste carbonization furnace as claimed in claim 13, wherein the end of said flame plate (9) facing said burner (11) is a flat end (910), and the end of said flame plate (9) facing said conveyor chain plate (4) is an arc end (920).

15. The continuous organic solid waste carbonization furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein a plurality of ash dropping hoppers (10) are arranged in the furnace body, and the open ends of the ash dropping hoppers (10) are arranged towards the top of the furnace body.