CN219759367U - Magnetic control voltage regulator - Google Patents
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a magnetic control voltage regulator, which belongs to the technical field of electric control. In order to realize static stepless voltage regulation, a magnetic control reactor without harmonic is connected in parallel with a capacitor and then connected with a winding of a compensation transformer in series to form a current regulation unit, and the magnetic control reactor is used for regulating the current and the phase of the current regulation unit to enable the voltage at two ends of the compensation transformer to generate stepless change, so that the output voltage is linearly regulated. The device has the characteristics of small loss, long service life, high reliability and static and stepless property. The novel voltage regulating device is provided for a power grid or a power consumer.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a magnetic control voltage regulator, which belongs to the technical field of electric control.
Background
In the prior art of static voltage regulators, one technique is to switch the transformer winding taps with electronic switches for stepped voltage regulation. The technical proposal is easy to cause the problems of short circuit circulation burning caused by switching errors or overvoltage breakdown electronic switch caused by open circuit. In order to avoid the problem, a technical scheme is presented in which secondary windings of several single-phase compensation transformers are connected in parallel, and primary windings of the single-phase compensation transformers are put into or cut off by an electronic switch to perform step voltage regulation. The transformer has the defects of large number of transformers, large volume and high cost, and can only carry out step voltage regulation, so that the regulation precision is limited. In order to improve the adjustment precision, another technology is to adopt a parallel connection of a TCR and a capacitor and then to connect the TCR and a primary winding of a compensation transformer in series to form an LC series-parallel hybrid tuning circuit, and adjust the magnitude of the current of the compensation winding and the voltage of a phase adjustment secondary winding by controlling the magnitude of the TCR current. Although stepless regulation is realized, the TCR with larger third harmonic is used as a regulation executing device, so that the output waveform is distorted, and the application range of the stepless regulation device is limited. And the engineering requirements are difficult to meet in the aspects of regulation and control range, output capacity and the like. These several solutions are generally only suitable for the low pressure field.
In high-voltage systems, the existing mainstream technology basically adopts an on-load voltage regulating tap changer to switch a winding tap of a transformer to carry out the step voltage regulation with contacts. The defects are that mechanical faults or electrical faults are easy to occur to influence the reliability due to the existence of a mechanical drive, a transmission mechanism and an electrical contact, and transformer oil is easy to undergo electrochemical reaction to deteriorate under the action of arc ablation. Not only the production cost is high, but also the operation cost is increased due to the need of periodic maintenance and repair.
In the prior art of a magnetic voltage regulator, a saturation reactor is adopted to be connected with a transformer in series, so that the defects of complex structure, high cost, extra consumption of exciting power and harmonic pollution exist. The application number is: the magnetic control voltage regulator of 202110301215.7 uses a magnetic control reactor without harmonic as a regulating device to be connected with a compensation transformer in series, and the performance is obviously improved, but the novel magnetic control reactor adopts a hexagonal winding iron core, so that the processing and forming are difficult, the process is complex, the finished product is low, and the cost is increased.
Based on the above, the design is intended to provide several magnetic control voltage regulators which have stable performance, lower cost and no harmonic wave and can be used in the high and low voltage fields.
In order to achieve this object, such a solution is adopted, respectively.
Summary of the utility model 1
A unidirectional magnetically controlled voltage regulator comprising: the three-phase magnetically controlled reactor and the three-phase compensation transformer are characterized in that: the unidirectional magnetic control voltage regulator consists of a current regulation unit and a voltage regulation unit, wherein the current regulation unit and the voltage regulation unit are formed by connecting a self-excitation type electric magnetic control reactor and a three-phase compensation transformer in series.
The self-excitation type electric magnetic control reactor consists of an alternating current working winding, a direct current control winding and a three-phase direct current control power supply which are wound on a three-phase three-column symmetrical iron core. The upper yoke and the lower yoke of the three-phase three-column symmetrical iron core are respectively composed of annular winding iron cores, and three iron core columns formed by overlapping arc-shaped silicon steel sheets are fixed between the upper yoke and the lower yoke. The alternating current working winding consists of a main winding and an isolation winding which are respectively wound on three iron core columns. The direct current control winding is composed of windings respectively wound on an upper yoke and a lower yoke between iron core columns. The three-phase direct current control power supply is formed by connecting a thyristor and a three-phase linear reactor in series to form a TCR and then connecting the TCR with an alternating current input end of a three-phase rectifier bridge. One end of the isolation winding is connected with each other, and the other end of the isolation winding is connected with an alternating current input end of the three-phase direct current control power supply. The direct current control windings are connected in series and then in parallel in a mode of being connected with each other at the head and the tail, and the two ends of the direct current control windings are connected with the positive terminal and the negative terminal of the three-phase direct current control power supply. The compensation transformer consists of a primary winding and a secondary winding, and the iron core is provided with an air gap. The current regulation and control unit is formed by connecting a self-excitation type electrically-regulated magnetically controlled reactor with the primary winding in series. The voltage regulating unit consists of the secondary winding, and one end of the unit is connected with one end of the primary winding. The output voltage is subjected to unidirectional stepless change through the regulation and control of the self-excited three-phase three-column type electrically-regulated magnetically controlled reactor.
In another version of the unidirectional magnetically controlled voltage regulator, the self-excited electrically-controlled magnetically controlled reactor is composed of windings wound on a three-dimensional triangular iron core. The upper yoke and the lower yoke of the three-dimensional triangle iron core are respectively composed of triangle winding iron cores, and three iron core columns formed by overlapping arc-shaped silicon steel sheets are fixed between three corners of the upper yoke and three corners of the lower yoke. The alternating current working winding consists of a main winding and an isolation winding which are respectively wound on three iron core columns. The direct current control winding is composed of windings respectively wound on three sides of the upper yoke and three sides of the lower yoke.
In another version of the unidirectional magnetic control voltage regulator, the iron core column is formed by stacking non-arc-shaped straight silicon steel sheets and is respectively fixed between three sides of the upper yoke and three sides of the lower yoke. The alternating current working winding is composed of a main winding and an isolation winding which are respectively wound on three iron core columns, and the direct current control winding is composed of windings which are respectively wound on three corners of an upper yoke and three corners of a lower yoke.
Summary of the utility model 2
A bi-directional magnetically controlled voltage regulator comprising: three-phase magnetically controlled reactor, three-phase compensation transformer and condenser, characterized by: the bidirectional magnetic control voltage regulator consists of a current regulation unit and a voltage regulation unit, wherein the current regulation unit is formed by connecting a self-excitation type electric magnetic control reactor, a capacitor and a three-phase compensation transformer in series.
The self-excitation type electric magnetic control reactor consists of an alternating current working winding, a direct current control winding and a three-phase direct current control power supply which are wound on a three-phase three-column symmetrical iron core. The upper yoke and the lower yoke of the three-phase three-column symmetrical iron core are respectively composed of annular winding iron cores, and three iron core columns formed by overlapping arc-shaped silicon steel sheets are fixed between the upper yoke and the lower yoke. The alternating current working winding consists of a main winding and an isolation winding which are respectively wound on three iron core columns. The direct current control winding is composed of windings respectively wound on an upper yoke and a lower yoke between iron core columns. The three-phase direct current control power supply is formed by connecting a thyristor and a three-phase linear reactor in series to form a TCR and then connecting the TCR with an alternating current input end of a three-phase rectifier bridge. One end of the isolation winding is connected with each other, and the other end of the isolation winding is connected with an alternating current input end of the three-phase direct current control power supply. The direct current control windings are connected in series and then in parallel in a mode of being connected with each other at the head and the tail, and the two ends of the direct current control windings are connected with the positive terminal and the negative terminal of the three-phase direct current control power supply. The three-phase compensation transformer consists of a primary winding and a secondary winding, and the iron core is provided with an air gap. The current regulation and control unit is formed by connecting one end of a self-excitation type electric magnetic control reactor with one end of a capacitor and then connecting the end of the self-excitation type electric magnetic control reactor with one end of the primary winding, and the other end of the capacitor is in star connection. The voltage regulating unit consists of the secondary winding, and one end of the voltage regulating unit is connected with the primary winding. The output voltage is changed in a bidirectional stepless way through the regulation and control of the self-excited three-phase three-column type electrically-regulated magnetically controlled reactor.
In another version of the bidirectional magnetically controlled voltage regulator, the self-excited electrically-controlled reactor is composed of windings wound on a three-dimensional triangular iron core. The upper yoke and the lower yoke of the three-dimensional triangle iron core are respectively composed of triangle winding iron cores, and three iron core columns formed by overlapping arc-shaped silicon steel sheets are fixed between three corners of the upper yoke and three corners of the lower yoke. The alternating current working winding consists of a main winding and an isolation winding which are respectively wound on three iron core columns. The direct current control winding is composed of windings respectively wound on three sides of the upper yoke and three sides of the lower yoke.
In another version of the bi-directional magnetically controlled voltage regulator, the core leg is formed by stacking non-arcuate in-line silicon steel sheets and is respectively fixed between three sides of the upper yoke and three sides of the lower yoke. The alternating current working winding is composed of a main winding and an isolation winding which are respectively wound on three iron core columns, and the direct current control winding is composed of windings which are respectively wound on three corners of an upper yoke and three corners of a lower yoke.
Summary of the utility model 3
A magnetically controlled voltage regulator comprising: the three-phase magnetically controlled reactor and the three-phase transformer are characterized in that: the magnetic control voltage regulator consists of a main control unit and a controlled unit, wherein the main control unit and the controlled unit are formed by connecting a self-excitation type electric magnetic control reactor and a three-phase transformer in series.
The self-excitation type electric magnetic control reactor consists of an alternating current working winding, a direct current control winding and a three-phase direct current control power supply which are wound on a three-phase three-column symmetrical iron core. The upper yoke and the lower yoke of the three-phase three-column symmetrical iron core are respectively composed of annular winding iron cores, and three iron core columns formed by overlapping arc-shaped silicon steel sheets are fixed between the upper yoke and the lower yoke. The alternating current working winding consists of a main winding and an isolation winding which are respectively wound on three iron core columns. The direct current control winding is composed of windings respectively wound on an upper yoke and a lower yoke between iron core columns. The three-phase direct current control power supply is formed by connecting a thyristor and a three-phase linear reactor in series to form a TCR and then connecting the TCR with an alternating current input end of a three-phase rectifier bridge. One end of the isolation winding is connected with each other, and the other end of the isolation winding is connected with an alternating current input end of the three-phase direct current control power supply. The direct current control windings are connected in series and then in parallel in a mode of being connected with each other at the head and the tail, and the two ends of the direct current control windings are connected with the positive terminal and the negative terminal of the three-phase direct current control power supply. The three-phase transformer consists of a primary winding and a secondary winding. The main control unit is formed by connecting the self-excitation type electrically-controlled magnetically controlled reactor with the primary winding in series. The controlled unit is composed of the secondary winding. The output voltage of the controlled unit is subjected to stepless change through the regulation and control of the self-excitation type electrically-regulated magnetically-controlled reactor.
In another version of the magnetically controlled voltage regulator, the self-excited electrically-controlled reactor is formed by windings wound on a three-dimensional triangular iron core. The upper yoke and the lower yoke of the three-dimensional triangle iron core are respectively composed of triangle winding iron cores, and three iron core columns formed by overlapping arc-shaped silicon steel sheets are fixed between three corners of the upper yoke and three corners of the lower yoke. The alternating current working winding consists of a main winding and an isolation winding which are respectively wound on three iron core columns. The direct current control winding is composed of windings respectively wound on three sides of the upper yoke and three sides of the lower yoke.
In another version of the magnetic control voltage regulator, the iron core column is formed by stacking non-arc-shaped straight silicon steel sheets and is respectively fixed between three sides of the upper yoke and three sides of the lower yoke. The alternating current working winding is composed of a main winding and an isolation winding which are respectively wound on three iron core columns, and the direct current control winding is composed of windings which are respectively wound on three corners of an upper yoke and three corners of a lower yoke.
The method has the characteristics that:
in terms of performance
1. The static stepless voltage regulation without a switch and a driving mechanism is realized, and the device has extremely high reliability and service life.
2. The voltage is continuously and smoothly changed linearly, so that the regulation precision is improved without blind areas.
3. Short reaction time and high regulation speed.
Secondly, in terms of application
1. The novel equipment is provided for realizing static stepless voltage regulation of the power grid.
2. Besides the power system, the method is also suitable for other equipment needing voltage regulation, in particular for occasions or equipment which have high requirements on output waveforms and linearity and cannot meet the requirements of the existing products.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a star connection diagram of a unidirectional magnetically controlled voltage regulator.
Fig. 2 is a star connection diagram of a bi-directional magnetically controlled voltage regulator.
Fig. 3 is a star connection diagram of a magnetically controlled voltage regulator.
Fig. 4 is a diagram of the shape, structure and winding arrangement of the core of the self-exciting electrically-controlled magnetically-controlled reactor of fig. 1, 2 and 3.
Fig. 5 is another shape, structure and winding arrangement of the self-exciting electrically-modulated magnetically controlled reactor core of fig. 1, 2, 3.
Detailed description of the preferred embodiments
The unidirectional magnetic control voltage regulator is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The unidirectional magnetic control voltage regulator shown in fig. 1 is composed of a current regulation unit and a voltage regulation unit, wherein the current regulation unit is formed by connecting a three-phase compensation transformer and a self-excited type electric magnetic control reactor in series. The three-phase compensation transformer consists of a primary winding 7 and a secondary winding 8, and the iron core is provided with an air gap. The current regulation and control unit is formed by connecting a self-excitation type electric magnetic control reactor with a primary winding 7 in series. The voltage regulating unit is composed of a secondary winding 8, one end of the unit is an input end and is connected with one end of a primary winding 7, and the other end is an output end. The self-excited electrically-controlled magnetically controlled reactor consists of AC work winding, DC control winding and three-phase DC control power source wound around the three-phase three-column symmetric iron core as shown in figure 4. The upper and lower yokes 1 of the three-phase three-column symmetrical iron core are composed of annular winding iron cores, and the three iron core columns 2 are formed by stacking arc silicon steel sheets and are fixed between the upper and lower yokes in a three-dimensional triangle mode. The alternating current working winding is composed of a main winding 3 and an isolation winding 4 which are respectively wound on the iron core column 2. The dc control winding 5 is formed by windings wound on the upper and lower yokes between the core limbs, respectively. One end of the isolation winding 4 is connected with each other, and the other end is connected with an alternating current input end of the three-phase direct current control power supply 6. The direct current control windings of the upper yoke and the direct current control windings of the lower yoke are respectively connected in series and then in parallel in a mode of connecting the head and the tail, and the two ends of the direct current control windings are connected with the positive end and the negative end of the three-phase direct current control power supply 6.
The three-phase DC control power supply 6 is formed by connecting a bidirectional thyristor G and a three-phase linear reactor L in series to form a TCR and a diode D 1 ～D 6 The three-phase rectifier bridge is connected. One end of the thyristor G is an alternating current input end of the three-phase direct current control power supply 6, and the other end of the thyristor G is connected with one end of each phase winding of the three-phase linear reactor. The other end of each phase winding is connected with an alternating current arm of a three-phase rectifier bridge, and the direct current arms of the three-phase rectifier bridge are positive and negative output ends.
If the self-excited electrically-controlled magnetically controlled reactor is singly connected to a power supply, the self-excited electrically-controlled magnetically controlled reactor works as follows:
the working process and state of circuit regulation.
When the conduction angle of the thyristor G in the three-phase direct-current control power supply 6 increases from zero, the output end of the thyristor G immediately generates direct-current regulating current injected into the direct-current control winding 5, and the alternating-current work main winding 3 immediately generates certain working current. The state of the magnetically controlled reactor is essentially a transformer, the isolated winding 4 becomes an alternating current power supply of the three-phase direct current control power supply 6, the direct current control current becomes the load current, and the current of the alternating current working main winding 3 increases immediately with the increase of the conduction angle of the thyristor G. As the conduction angle of the thyristor G increases, the currents of the ac operation main winding 3 and the isolation winding 4 increase at the same time. Because the thyristor G is directly regulated and controlled by a circuit, the starting time of the current generated by the AC working main winding 3 is almost synchronous with the opening time of the thyristor G, so that the time of the AC working main winding 3 for generating the AC current, namely the reaction time of the magnetically controlled reactor, is advanced by nearly 1/10 second. When the conduction angle of the thyristor G is reduced, the current of the alternating current working main winding 3 and the current of the isolation winding 4 are reduced simultaneously, and the reaction time of the reduction of the current of the magnetic control reactor is also advanced by nearly 1/10 second. Obviously, the isolated winding 4 is adopted as an alternating current power supply of the three-phase direct current control power supply 6, and the direct current regulation current is adopted as a load current scheme, so that on one hand, the reaction time of the magnetic control reactor for generating working current is shortened. On the other hand, the self-excitation, namely, the partial current of the AC working main winding 3 becomes exciting current of the DC control winding 5 after the voltage regulation and rectification by the three-phase DC control power supply 6. Therefore, direct current regulation and control power is not consumed additionally, and electricity saving is achieved.
The working process and state of the magnetic circuit are regulated.
When the conduction angle of the thyristor G increases, the current of the AC working main winding 3 and the regulating current of the DC control winding 5 synchronously increase, the magnetic permeability of the upper and lower yokes of the iron core starts to decrease along with the increase, and the reactance value of the AC working main winding 3 starts to decrease. On the basis of the current generated by direct regulation of the circuit, the magnetic control current generated by the reduction of the magnetic permeability and the reduction of the reactance value of the iron core in the alternating current working main winding 3 begins to increase, and is overlapped with the current formed by direct regulation of the circuit to generate continuously increased working current. When the conduction angle of the thyristor G is linearly reduced, the regulating current of the direct-current control winding 5 is synchronously reduced, the magnetic permeability of the upper yoke and the lower yoke of the iron core is increased, the magnetic control current of the alternating-current working main winding 3 is reduced along with the rising of the magnetic permeability of the iron core, and the working current generated by the joint regulation of electric regulation and magnetic control is reduced.
The upper and lower yokes formed by the annular wound cores not only form a common magnetic circuit, but also have symmetrical magnetic circuits on both sides of the three core limbs. The direct current control windings 5 which are wound on the common magnetic circuit and are connected in series form a symmetrical common circuit, so that the vector combination of the mutual inductance voltages generated by the common circuit of the third harmonic generated by magnetic control and direct electric modulation of the thyristor G is zero, and the mutual inductance voltages generated by the common circuit of the three-phase alternating current working main winding 3 at any moment are equal in magnitude but opposite in phase and offset. Therefore, not only saving iron core material, but also forming an inexpensive AC resonance elimination circuit.
After a TCR formed by connecting a linear reactor and a thyristor in series is in a mixed regulation mode of direct circuit regulation and magnetic circuit regulation, the current of an alternating current working main winding 3 is composed of an electric regulation current formed by direct regulation of a thyristor G circuit and a magnetic control current generated by magnetic permeability change of an iron core. Whether the current is increased or reduced, each time the current is changed, the current variable of the electric regulation is in front, and the current variable of the magnetic control is in back, namely, the time node of the thyristor G circuit for directly regulating and controlling the current variable is always in the reactor reflection time before the magnetic control current does not generate the variable. Therefore, the time constant is reduced, the direct current excitation power is saved, and the method has the common advantages of short reaction time of TCR, high adjustment speed, no extra consumption of excitation power, large capacity of CSR and MCR and high working voltage.
The conduction angle of the thyristor G is increased and reduced in this way, so that the alternating current working current generated by the electric and magnetic mixed regulation and control is changed steplessly.
The unidirectional magnetic control voltage regulator works as follows:
the working process and state of the current regulating and controlling unit.
The unit is formed by connecting a self-excitation type electrically-controlled magnetically-controlled reactor with the primary winding 7 in series, and the impedance of the primary winding is fixed. When the conduction angle of the thyristor G in the three-phase direct current control power supply 6 is zero, the reactance value of the self-excited electrically-controlled magnetically controlled reactor is maximum, and the voltage division ratio obtained at the two ends of the primary winding 7 is lowest. When the conduction angle of the thyristor G increases from zero, the reactance value of the self-excited electrically-controlled magnetically controlled reactor starts to decrease, and the voltage division ratio of the primary winding 7 generates an increasing voltage variable Δu. When the conduction angle of the thyristor G increases to the maximum, the voltage variation Δu across the primary winding 7 increases to the maximum.
When the conduction angle of the thyristor G is reduced from the maximum to zero, the reactance value of the self-excited electrically-controlled magnetically-controlled reactor is increased from the minimum to the maximum, and the voltage variable delta U at two ends of the primary winding 7 is reduced from the maximum to the minimum.
The conduction angle of the thyristor G is changed from small to large and from large to small in a reciprocating manner, and the voltage variation deltau across the primary winding 7 is changed linearly from high to low and from low to high.
The working process and state of the voltage adjusting unit are as follows:
since the transformation ratio of the compensation transformer is fixed, whenWhen voltages are generated at two ends of the secondary winding 7, mutual inductance voltage delta U is generated at two ends of the secondary winding 8. And one end of the secondary winding 8 is connected with one end of the primary winding 7 to form an autotransformer mode, and two ends of the current regulating unit are connected across the power supply, so that the current regulating unit becomes a common winding of the autotransformer, and the other end of the secondary winding 8 becomes an output end of the autotransformer. Obviously, this terminal voltage is equal to the mutual inductance voltage Δu superimposed across the secondary winding 8 on the basis of the input voltage. If the secondary winding 8 is connected to the primary winding 7 in the same phase, the output voltage of the secondary winding 8 is higher than the input voltage, i.e. U SC =u+Δu, where U SC For output voltage, U is the input voltage and Δu is the mutual inductance voltage across the secondary winding 8. If the secondary winding 8 is connected to the primary winding 7 in opposite phase, the output voltage of the secondary winding 8 is lower than the input voltage, i.e. U SC ＝U-ΔU。
When the conduction angle of the thyristor G increases from zero, the mutual inductance voltage across the secondary winding 8 increases as the voltage across the primary winding 7 increases, at which time the autotransformer essentially becomes an autotransformer, and if the secondary winding 8 is connected to the primary winding 7 in the same phase, the output voltage generates an increasing Δu on the basis of the input voltage. If the secondary winding 8 is connected in phase opposition to the current winding 7, the output voltage produces a reduced deltau on the basis of the input voltage.
When the conduction angle of the thyristor G increases to the maximum, the output voltage increases to the maximum when the secondary winding 8 is connected to the primary winding 7 in the same phase. The output voltage is minimized when the secondary winding 8 is connected to the primary winding 7 in an opposite phase.
The conduction angle of the thyristor G is changed from small to large and from large to small in a reciprocating manner, the voltage of the output end is changed from low to high and from high to low on the basis of the input voltage, and the output voltage is regulated unidirectionally and steplessly.
Detailed description of the preferred embodiments
The bidirectional magnetic control voltage regulator shown in fig. 2 is composed of a current regulating unit and a voltage regulating unit, wherein the current regulating unit and the voltage regulating unit are formed by connecting a three-phase compensation transformer, a self-excited type electrically-regulated magnetic control reactor and a capacitor C in series and parallel. The three-phase compensation transformer consists of a primary winding 7 and a secondary winding 8, and the iron core is provided with an air gap. The current regulating and controlling unit is formed by connecting a self-excitation type electric regulating and magnetic control reactor with a capacitor C in parallel and then connecting the self-excitation type electric regulating and magnetic control reactor with a primary winding 7 in series. The voltage regulating unit is composed of a secondary winding 8, the head end of the unit is an input end and is connected with the head end of a primary winding 7, and the other end of the unit is an output end. The self-excited electrically-controlled magnetically controlled reactor consists of AC work winding, DC control winding and three-phase DC control power source wound around the three-phase three-column symmetric iron core as shown in figure 4. The upper yoke and the lower yoke 1 of the three-phase three-column symmetrical iron core are respectively composed of annular winding iron cores, and the three iron core columns 2 are formed by stacking arc silicon steel sheets and are fixed between the upper yoke and the lower yoke in a three-dimensional triangle mode. The alternating current working winding is composed of a main winding 3 and an isolation winding 4 which are respectively wound on the iron core column 2. The dc control winding 5 is formed by windings wound on the upper and lower yokes between the core limbs, respectively. One end of the isolation winding 4 is connected with each other, and the other end is connected with an alternating current input end of the three-phase direct current control power supply 6. The direct current control windings of the upper yoke and the direct current control windings of the lower yoke are respectively connected in series and then in parallel in a mode of connecting the head with the tail, and the two ends of the direct current control windings are connected with the positive output end and the negative output end of the three-phase direct current control power supply 6.
The three-phase DC control power supply 6 is formed by connecting a bidirectional thyristor G and a three-phase linear reactor L in series to form a TCR and a diode D 1 ～D 6 The three-phase rectifier bridge is connected. One end of the thyristor G is an alternating current input end of the three-phase direct current control power supply 6, and the other end of the thyristor G is connected with one end of each phase winding of the three-phase linear reactor. The other end of each phase winding is connected with an alternating current arm of a three-phase rectifier bridge, and the direct current arms of the three-phase rectifier bridge are positive and negative output ends.
If the self-excited three-phase three-column type electrically-controlled magnetically controlled reactor is singly connected to a power supply, the self-excited three-phase three-column type electrically-controlled magnetically controlled reactor works as follows:
the operation and state of the circuit control and the operation and state of the magnetic circuit control are the same as those of the first embodiment, and are not repeated (or refer to the relevant part of the first embodiment).
The working process and state of the current regulating and controlling unit.
When the conduction angle of the thyristor G is zero, the working current of the self-excited electrically-controlled magnetically controlled reactor is approximately zero, and the primary winding 7 and the capacitor C are in a quasi-resonance state. (ωl=1/ωc is true resonance when ωl=1/ωc, and here both are not equal, so it is called quasi-resonance). The nature and magnitude of the resonant current is represented by the formula: U/(ωL-1/ωC) where U is the supply voltage, ωL is the inductance of the primary winding 7, and 1/ωC is the capacitance of the capacitor C. When ωL is less than 1/ωC, the impedance of the resonant circuit is capacitive, and the resonant current is capacitive. When the parameters are set properly, the waveform of the resonant current is sinusoidal and a large, relatively constant capacitive sinusoidal resonant current is produced. The resonance voltage across the primary winding 7 and the capacitor C is highest.
When the conduction angle of the thyristor G increases, the working current of the self-excited electrically-controlled magnetically controlled reactor increases, the equivalent impedance thereof decreases, and the resonance voltage at two ends of the capacitor C connected in parallel with the self-excited electrically-controlled magnetically controlled reactor is forced to decrease. Although the capacity of the capacitor bank C is not reduced, the equivalent capacity of its series resonance with the primary winding 7 is reduced as a result of which the resonant capacitive reactance of the capacitor C is increased, resulting in an increase in the resonant impedance of the series circuit and a reduction in the capacitive resonant current.
With the increase of the regulating current and the decrease of the capacitive resonant current of the self-excited electrically-regulated magnetically controlled reactor, the property and the size of the unit current are changed as follows:
the regulating current, when just increasing from zero, is also less than the capacitive resonant current of the capacitor C, which decreases linearly. At this time, the vector combination of the two currents with opposite phases is also capacitive, and decreases from the maximum value.
When the regulating current increases to be equal to the capacitive resonant current, the vector sum of the two currents is minimal and resistive.
When the regulated current increases to a value greater than the linearly decreasing capacitive resonant current, the vector combination of the two currents becomes inductive and the current increases from the resistive minimum.
When the regulating current decreases from a maximum value to zero, the current of the primary winding 7 decreases from an inductive maximum value, and after the vector combination of the two currents becomes a resistive minimum value, the vector combination starts to become a capacitive linear increase value. The above processes and states are reversely repeated and reproduced.
The working current of the magnetic control reactor, namely the regulating current, changes reciprocally from small to large and from large to small, not only causes the property of the current regulating unit to change between the capacitance and the inductance and changes from small to large and from large to small in the changing process, but also causes the resonance voltages at the two ends of the primary winding 7 and the capacitor C to change from high to low and from low to high.
The working process and state of the voltage regulating unit.
When the regulating current is zero, the capacitive resonant current of the current regulating unit with advanced phase is maximum, and the resonant voltage at two ends of the primary winding 7 is highest. The mutual inductance voltage deltau generated across the secondary winding 8 is also highest due to the mutual inductance. Since one end of the secondary winding 8 is connected with one end of the primary winding 7 to form an autotransformer mode, and both ends of the current regulation unit are connected across the power supply, the current regulation unit becomes a common winding of the autotransformer, and the other end of the secondary winding 8 becomes an output end of the autotransformer. Obviously, this terminal voltage is equal to the mutual inductance voltage Δu superimposed across the secondary winding 8 on the basis of the supply voltage. And the common winding current is the maximum value of capacitance, so that the phase of the mutual inductance voltage at two ends of the secondary winding 8 is changed by 180 degrees. However, since the secondary winding 8 is connected to the current winding 7 in a phase opposite to that of the primary winding 7, i.e., the head end of the secondary winding 8 is connected to the head end of the primary winding 7, the phase of the mutual inductance voltage at both ends of the secondary winding 8 is turned 180 degrees, so that the voltage at the other end, i.e., the output end, of the secondary winding 8 is higher than the power supply voltage, at this time, U SC =u+Δu, where U SC For output voltage, U is the input power supply voltage, and Δu is the mutual inductance voltage across the secondary winding 8.
When the regulating current increases from zero, the capacitive resonant current of the current regulating unit decreases from the maximum value, the resonant voltage of the phase advance at the two ends of the primary winding 7 decreases from the maximum value, the mutual inductance voltage at the two ends of the secondary winding 8 generates a decrease variable DeltaU under the mutual inductance effect, at this time, the autotransformer becomes an autotransformer, and the voltage at the output end of the secondary winding 8 decreases from the maximum value.
When the regulating current increases to be equal to the capacitive resonant current of the capacitor bank C, the current of the primary winding 7 is minimized and becomes resistive, the voltage across the winding is minimized, the mutual inductance across the voltage regulating unit winding 8 is minimized, and U SC ＝U。
When the regulating current increases to be greater than the capacitive resonance current of the capacitor C, the current of the primary winding 7 becomes inductive, i.e., the current phase changes from leading to lagging by 90 degrees, and the phase of the voltage across it changes by 180 degrees. The phase of the mutual inductance voltage at the two ends of the secondary winding 8 is changed by 180 degrees, so that the previous phase identical to the phase of the power supply voltage is changed into the current phase opposite to the phase of the power supply voltage. Thereafter, the voltage across the primary winding 7 is determined by the voltage division ratio of the equivalent impedance of this winding to the ac main winding 3. As the equivalent impedance of the main winding 3 continues to decrease, the voltage across the primary winding 7 again begins to rise. The mutual inductance voltage across the secondary winding 8 in turn produces an increased variable deltau. However, since the phase of the mutual inductance voltage has been shifted 180 degrees at this time, the secondary winding 8 outputs the terminal voltage U SC Lower than the input voltage U, namely U SC =u- Δu, and varies on a lower basis than the input voltage U.
When the regulating current starts to decrease from the maximum value to zero, the current of the current regulating unit starts to decrease from the inductive maximum value, becomes the minimum value of the resistance, and then becomes the increased capacitive resonance current. The mutual inductance voltage of 90 degrees behind the phase of the two ends of the secondary winding 8 firstly generates a reduced variable DeltaU, becomes a minimum value and then becomes a voltage variable of 90 degrees behind the phase.
The conduction angle of the thyristor G is increased and reduced in this way, so that the current property of the current regulating unit is changed between the inductance and the capacitance, the voltage of the output end of the voltage regulating unit is increased or reduced on the basis of the input voltage, and the output voltage is regulated in a bidirectional stepless manner.
Detailed description of the preferred embodiments
The magnetic control voltage regulator shown in fig. 3 is composed of a main control unit and a controlled unit, wherein the main control unit and the controlled unit are formed by connecting a self-excitation type electric magnetic control reactor and a three-phase transformer in series. The three-phase transformer is composed of a primary winding 7 and a secondary winding 8. The self-excited electrically-controlled magnetically controlled reactor consists of AC work winding, DC control winding and three-phase DC control power source wound around the three-phase three-column symmetric iron core as shown in figure 4. The upper and lower yokes 1 of the three-phase three-column symmetrical iron core are composed of annular winding iron cores, and the three iron core columns 2 are formed by stacking arc-shaped silicon steel sheets and are fixed between the upper and lower yokes in a three-dimensional triangle mode. The alternating current working winding is composed of a main winding 3 and an isolation winding 4 which are respectively wound on the iron core column 2. The dc control winding 5 is formed by windings wound on the upper and lower yokes between the core limbs, respectively. One end of the isolation winding 4 is connected with each other, and the other end is connected with an alternating current input end of the three-phase direct current control power supply 6. The direct current control windings of the upper yoke and the direct current control windings of the lower yoke are respectively connected in series and then in parallel in a mode of connecting the head with the tail, and the two ends of the direct current control windings are connected with the positive output end and the negative output end of the three-phase direct current control power supply 6. The main control unit is formed by connecting a self-excitation type electrically-controlled magnetically controlled reactor with the primary winding 7 in series. The controlled unit is composed of a secondary winding 8. The series connection mode is two, one is that one end of the self-excited type electric magnetic control reactor is the input end of the magnetic control voltage regulator, the other end is connected with one end of the primary winding 7, and the other end of the primary winding 7 is in star-shaped or triangular connection. The other series connection mode is that one end of the primary winding 7 is an input end of a magnetic control voltage regulator, the other end of the primary winding is connected with one end of a self-excited type electric magnetic control reactor, and the other end of the electric magnetic control reactor is connected in a star shape or a triangle shape.
The three-phase DC control power supply 6 is formed by connecting a bidirectional thyristor G and a three-phase linear reactor L in series to form a TCR and a diode D 1 ～D 6 The three-phase rectifier bridge is connected. One end of the thyristor G is an alternating current input end of the three-phase direct current control power supply 6, and the other end of the thyristor G is connected with one end of each phase winding of the three-phase linear reactor. The other end of each phase winding is connected with an alternating current arm of a three-phase rectifier bridge, and the direct current arms of the three-phase rectifier bridge are positive and negative output ends.
If the self-excited three-phase three-column type electrically-controlled magnetically controlled reactor is singly connected to a power supply, the self-excited three-phase three-column type electrically-controlled magnetically controlled reactor works as follows:
the operation and state of the circuit control and the operation and state of the magnetic circuit control are the same as those of the first embodiment, and are not repeated (or refer to the relevant part of the first embodiment).
The self-excitation type magnetic control voltage regulator works as follows:
the working process and state of the main control unit.
After the output end of the controlled unit is connected with a load, when the conduction angle of the thyristor G is zero, the reactance value of the self-excited electrically-controlled magnetically controlled reactor is maximum, the loop current is minimum, and the voltage division ratio obtained at the two ends of the primary winding 7 is lowest. When the conduction angle of the thyristor G starts to increase from zero, the reactance value of the self-excited electrically-controlled magnetically-controlled reactor starts to decrease, the loop current starts to increase linearly, and the voltage division ratio at the two ends of the primary winding 7 starts to increase. When the conduction angle of the thyristor G reaches the maximum, the reactance value of the self-excited electrically-controlled magnetically controlled reactor is minimum, the loop current is maximum, and the voltage at two ends of the primary winding 7 is highest. When the conduction angle of the thyristor G is reduced from the maximum to zero, the reactance value of the self-excited electrically-controlled magnetically-controlled reactor is increased from the minimum value to the maximum value, and the voltage across the primary winding 7 is reduced from the maximum value to the minimum value.
Working process and state of controlled unit
When the reactance value of the self-excited electrically-controlled magnetically-controlled reactor changes to steplessly change the voltage at the two ends of the primary winding 7, the voltage generated at the two ends of the secondary winding 8 changes steplessly due to the fact that the transformation ratio of the primary winding 7 to the secondary winding 8 is fixed.
It can be seen that no matter what kind of series connection mode is adopted between the self-excited electrically-controlled magnetically controlled reactor and the primary winding 7 of the three-phase transformer, as long as the conduction angle of the thyristor G is changed, the output voltage of the controlled unit 8 is inevitably changed steplessly, and the output voltage of the three-phase transformer is changed steplessly immediately, so that the static stepless adjustment of the output voltage is realized.
Claims (9)
1. A unidirectional magnetically controlled voltage regulator comprising: the three-phase magnetically controlled reactor and the three-phase compensation transformer are characterized in that: the unidirectional magnetic control voltage regulator consists of a current regulation unit and a voltage regulation unit, wherein the current regulation unit and the voltage regulation unit are formed by connecting a self-excitation type electric magnetic control reactor and a three-phase compensation transformer in series; the compensation transformer consists of a primary winding and a secondary winding, and the iron core is provided with an air gap; the current regulation and control unit is formed by connecting a self-excitation type electric magnetic control reactor with the primary winding in series; the voltage regulating unit consists of the secondary winding, and one end of the unit is connected with one end of the primary winding; the self-excitation type electric magnetic control reactor consists of an alternating current working winding, a direct current control winding and a three-phase direct current control power supply which are wound on a three-phase three-column symmetrical iron core; the upper yoke and the lower yoke of the three-phase three-column symmetrical iron core are respectively composed of annular winding iron cores, and three iron core columns formed by overlapping arc or non-arc linear silicon steel sheets are fixed between the upper yoke and the lower yoke; the alternating current working winding consists of a main winding and an isolation winding which are respectively wound on three iron core columns; the direct current control winding consists of windings respectively wound on an upper yoke and a lower yoke between iron core columns; the three-phase direct current control power supply is formed by connecting a thyristor and a three-phase linear reactor in series to form a TCR and then connecting the TCR with an alternating current input end of a three-phase rectifier bridge; one end of the isolation winding is connected with each other, and the other end of the isolation winding is connected with an alternating current input end of the three-phase direct current control power supply; the direct current control windings are connected in series and then in parallel in a mode of being connected with each other at the head and the tail, and the two ends of the direct current control windings are connected with the positive terminal and the negative terminal of the three-phase direct current control power supply; the output voltage is subjected to unidirectional stepless change through the regulation and control of the self-excitation type electrically-regulated magnetically-controlled reactor.
2. The unidirectional magnetically controlled voltage regulator of claim 1, wherein: the self-excited electrically-controlled magnetically controlled reactor consists of a three-dimensional triangle iron core, an alternating current working winding and a direct current control winding; the upper yoke and the lower yoke of the three-dimensional triangle iron core are respectively composed of triangle wound iron cores, and three iron core columns formed by stacking arc-shaped silicon steel sheets are respectively fixed between three corners of the upper yoke and three corners of the lower yoke; the alternating current working winding consists of a main winding and an isolation winding which are respectively wound on three iron core columns; the direct current control winding is composed of windings respectively wound on three sides of the upper yoke and three sides of the lower yoke.
3. The unidirectional magnetically controlled voltage regulator of claim 1, wherein: the self-excited electrically-controlled magnetically controlled reactor consists of a three-dimensional triangle iron core, an alternating current working winding and a direct current control winding; the upper yoke and the lower yoke of the three-dimensional triangular iron core are respectively composed of triangular winding iron cores, and three iron core columns formed by overlapping non-arc linear silicon steel sheets are respectively fixed between three sides of the upper yoke and three sides of the lower yoke; the alternating current working winding is composed of a main winding and an isolation winding which are respectively wound on three iron core columns, and the direct current control winding is composed of windings which are respectively wound on three corners of an upper yoke and three corners of a lower yoke.
4. A bi-directional magnetically controlled voltage regulator comprising: three-phase magnetically controlled reactor, three-phase compensation transformer and condenser, characterized by: the bidirectional magnetic control voltage regulator consists of a current regulation unit and a voltage regulation unit, wherein the current regulation unit is formed by connecting a self-excitation type electric magnetic control reactor, a capacitor and a three-phase compensation transformer in series; the three-phase compensation transformer consists of a primary winding and a secondary winding, and the iron core is provided with an air gap; the current regulation and control unit is formed by connecting one end of the self-excitation type electric magnetic control reactor, one end of the capacitor with each other, and the other end of the capacitor with one end of the primary winding; the voltage regulating unit consists of a secondary winding of the three-phase compensation transformer, and one end of the unit is connected with the other end of the primary winding; the self-excitation type electric magnetic control reactor consists of an alternating current working winding, a direct current control winding and a three-phase direct current control power supply which are wound on a three-phase three-column symmetrical iron core; the upper yoke and the lower yoke of the three-phase three-column symmetrical iron core are respectively composed of annular winding iron cores, and three iron core columns formed by overlapping arc or non-arc linear silicon steel sheets are fixed between the upper yoke and the lower yoke; the alternating current working winding consists of a main winding and an isolation winding which are respectively wound on three iron core columns; the direct current control winding consists of windings respectively wound on an upper yoke and a lower yoke between iron core columns; the three-phase direct current control power supply is formed by connecting a thyristor and a three-phase linear reactor in series to form a TCR and then connecting the TCR with an alternating current input end of a three-phase rectifier bridge; one end of the isolation winding is connected with each other, and the other end of the isolation winding is connected with an alternating current input end of the three-phase direct current control power supply; the direct current control windings are connected in series and then in parallel in a mode of being connected with each other at the head and the tail, and the two ends of the direct current control windings are connected with the positive terminal and the negative terminal of the three-phase direct current control power supply; the output voltage is changed in a bidirectional stepless way through the regulation and control of the self-excited three-phase three-column type electrically-regulated magnetically controlled reactor.
5. The bi-directional magnetically controlled voltage regulator according to claim 4, wherein: the self-excited electrically-controlled magnetically controlled reactor consists of a three-dimensional triangle iron core, an alternating current working winding and a direct current control winding; the upper yoke and the lower yoke of the three-dimensional triangle iron core are respectively composed of triangle wound iron cores, and three iron core columns formed by stacking arc-shaped silicon steel sheets are respectively fixed between three corners of the upper yoke and three corners of the lower yoke; the alternating current working winding consists of a main winding and an isolation winding which are respectively wound on three iron core columns; the direct current control winding is composed of windings respectively wound on three sides of the upper yoke and three sides of the lower yoke.
6. The bi-directional magnetically controlled voltage regulator according to claim 4, wherein: the self-excited electrically-controlled magnetically controlled reactor consists of a three-dimensional triangle iron core, an alternating current working winding and a direct current control winding; the upper yoke and the lower yoke of the three-dimensional triangular iron core are respectively composed of triangular winding iron cores, and three iron core columns formed by overlapping non-arc linear silicon steel sheets are respectively fixed between three sides of the upper yoke and three sides of the lower yoke; the alternating current working winding consists of a main winding and an isolation winding which are respectively wound on three iron core columns; the direct current control winding is composed of windings respectively wound on three corners of the upper yoke and three corners of the lower yoke.
7. A magnetically controlled voltage regulator comprising: the three-phase magnetically controlled reactor and the three-phase transformer are characterized in that: the magnetic control voltage regulator consists of a main control unit and a controlled unit, wherein the main control unit and the controlled unit are formed by connecting a self-excitation type electric magnetic control reactor and a three-phase transformer in series; the three-phase transformer consists of a primary winding and a secondary winding; the main control unit is formed by connecting the self-excitation type electrically-controlled magnetically controlled reactor with the primary winding in series; the controlled unit consists of the secondary winding; the self-excitation type electric magnetic control reactor consists of an alternating current working winding, a direct current control winding and a three-phase direct current control power supply which are wound on a three-phase three-column symmetrical iron core; the upper yoke and the lower yoke of the three-phase three-column symmetrical iron core are respectively composed of annular winding iron cores, and three iron core columns formed by overlapping arc or non-arc linear silicon steel sheets are fixed between the upper yoke and the lower yoke; the alternating current working winding consists of a main winding and an isolation winding which are respectively wound on three iron core columns; the direct current control winding consists of windings respectively wound on an upper yoke and a lower yoke between iron core columns; the three-phase direct current control power supply is formed by connecting a thyristor and a three-phase linear reactor in series to form a TCR and then connecting the TCR with an alternating current input end of a three-phase rectifier bridge; one end of the isolation winding is connected with each other, and the other end of the isolation winding is connected with an alternating current input end of the three-phase direct current control power supply; the direct current control windings are connected in series and then in parallel in a mode of being connected with each other at the head and the tail, and the two ends of the direct current control windings are connected with the positive terminal and the negative terminal of the three-phase direct current control power supply; the output voltage of the controlled unit is subjected to stepless change through the regulation and control of the self-excitation type electrically-regulated magnetically-controlled reactor.
8. The magnetically controlled voltage regulator of claim 7, wherein: the self-excited electrically-controlled magnetically controlled reactor consists of a three-dimensional triangle iron core, an alternating current working winding and a direct current control winding; the upper yoke and the lower yoke of the three-dimensional triangle iron core are respectively composed of triangle wound iron cores, and three iron core columns formed by stacking arc-shaped silicon steel sheets are respectively fixed between three corners of the upper yoke and three corners of the lower yoke; the alternating current working winding consists of a main winding and an isolation winding which are respectively wound on three iron core columns; the direct current control winding is composed of windings respectively wound on three sides of the upper yoke and three sides of the lower yoke.
9. The magnetically controlled voltage regulator of claim 7, wherein: the self-excited electrically-controlled magnetically controlled reactor consists of a three-dimensional triangle iron core, an alternating current working winding and a direct current control winding; the upper yoke and the lower yoke of the three-dimensional triangular iron core are respectively composed of triangular winding iron cores, and three iron core columns formed by overlapping non-arc linear silicon steel sheets are respectively fixed between three sides of the upper yoke and three sides of the lower yoke; the alternating current working winding is composed of a main winding and an isolation winding which are respectively wound on three iron core columns, and the direct current control winding is composed of windings which are respectively wound on three corners of an upper yoke and three corners of a lower yoke.
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