CN219724623U - Expansion claw-preventing translational chuck - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses an expansion claw-preventing translational chuck, which belongs to the technical field of machining and comprises a chuck body, a plurality of sliding base claws uniformly distributed on the circumference of the chuck body and a driving mechanism for driving the sliding base claws to radially move, wherein the sliding base claws comprise mounting parts for connecting sub claws and sliding parts for connecting the chuck body, the chuck body is provided with sliding grooves for the sliding parts to slide, two side edges of the sliding parts are provided with a plurality of V-shaped grooves, two side walls of the sliding grooves are provided with V-shaped protruding blocks matched with the V-shaped grooves, and the V-shaped protruding blocks extend along the radial direction of the chuck body. According to the utility model, the V-shaped groove and the V-shaped protruding block are respectively arranged on the sliding base jaw and the chuck body, and the V-shaped groove and the V-shaped protruding block are matched to limit and guide the movement of the sliding base jaw, so that the sliding matching precision of the sliding base jaw and the chuck body can be improved, the stress area is increased, and the problem of jaw expansion during clamping is avoided.

Description

Expansion claw-preventing translational chuck

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of machining, in particular to an expansion claw-preventing translational chuck.

Background

The chuck is a mechanical device on a machine tool for clamping a workpiece. The workpiece is clamped and positioned by the radial movement of the movable claws uniformly distributed on the chuck body. The chuck generally comprises a chuck body, movable claws and a claw driving mechanism, wherein the existing movable claws generally adopt a square groove (T-shaped groove or I-shaped groove) form when sliding on the chuck body.

For example, chinese patent publication No. CN110695387B discloses a three-jaw chuck comprising a chuck body and jaws in the form of square grooves as the jaws slide radially on the chuck body. For another example, chinese patent application publication No. CN103084603a discloses a novel three-jaw chuck for fixing a cylindrical workpiece, which includes a chuck body and jaws, and likewise, the jaws take the form of square grooves when sliding on the chuck body in the radial direction.

For the not high processing of precision requirement, the movable claw of square groove form can satisfy the user demand, but to the high processing of precision requirement, the problem that expands claw can appear in the movable claw of square groove form when the centre gripping, and lead to the reduction of clamping precision.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims to provide an expansion claw-preventing translational chuck, which solves the problems in the prior art, and the expansion claw-preventing translational chuck can improve the sliding precision of a sliding base claw and a chuck body, increase the stress area and avoid the problem of expansion claw during clamping by respectively arranging a V-shaped groove and a V-shaped protruding block on the sliding base claw and the chuck body and utilizing the matching of the V-shaped groove and the V-shaped protruding block to limit and guide the movement of the sliding base claw.

In order to achieve the above object, the present utility model provides the following solutions:

the utility model provides an expansion claw-preventing translational chuck, which comprises a chuck body, a plurality of sliding base claws uniformly distributed on the circumference of the chuck body and a driving mechanism for driving the sliding base claws to radially move, wherein the sliding base claws comprise mounting parts for connecting sub claws and sliding parts for connecting the chuck body, the chuck body is provided with sliding grooves for sliding the sliding parts, two side edges of the sliding parts are provided with a plurality of V-shaped grooves, two side walls of the sliding grooves are provided with V-shaped convex blocks matched with the V-shaped grooves, and the V-shaped convex blocks extend along the radial direction of the chuck body.

Preferably, the driving mechanism comprises a driving block which moves axially, a chute is arranged on the driving block, an inclined block matched with the chute is arranged on the sliding base claw, and the chute is driven by the driving block to drive the inclined block to move radially.

Preferably, the chuck comprises a balance lever and a balance weight, wherein one end of the balance lever is connected with the sliding base claw, the other end of the balance lever is connected with the balance weight, the balance weight is arranged in the chuck body in a sliding manner, and centrifugal force is applied to the balance weight by the sliding base claw.

Preferably, the balance lever comprises a lever supporting shaft, the balance lever comprises a center hole vertically penetrating through the center hole, the center hole is sleeved on the outer diameter side of the lever supporting shaft, and the balance lever swings by taking the lever supporting shaft as a fulcrum.

Preferably, the lever support shaft penetrates through the chuck body along the chord direction, and a jackscrew for propping up the lever support shaft is axially arranged.

Preferably, the axle center of the lever support shaft is provided with a first oil hole, an oil filling port of the first oil hole is positioned on the end face of the lever support shaft, the middle part of the lever support shaft is provided with a second oil hole which penetrates radially, and the second oil hole is communicated with the first oil hole and used as an oil outlet of the first oil hole to be communicated with the central hole.

Preferably, annular grooves are formed in two end portions of the lever support shaft, and sealing rings are installed in the annular grooves.

Preferably, at least one end portion of the second oil hole is connected with an oil guiding groove which is provided on the lever support shaft and extends in an axial direction thereof.

Preferably, a balance block groove is formed in one surface of the chuck body, which is not provided with the sliding base jaw, the balance block is arranged in the balance block groove, and the balance block is limited in the axial direction through a flange; the one side that the chuck body had the slip base claw installs the shield, the shield is located the center of chuck body, the slip base claw has part to be located all the time the shield is inboard.

Preferably, the balance lever is provided with a third oil hole penetrating axially, the balance block is provided with a fourth oil hole, and the fourth oil hole is communicated with the balance lever and the flange.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following technical effects:

(1) According to the utility model, the V-shaped grooves and the V-shaped convex blocks are respectively arranged on the sliding base jaw and the chuck body, and the V-shaped grooves and the V-shaped convex blocks are matched to limit and guide the movement of the sliding base jaw, so that the sliding matching precision of the sliding base jaw and the chuck body can be improved, the stress area is increased, and the problem of jaw expansion during clamping is avoided;

(2) According to the utility model, the balance lever and the balance weight are arranged, so that when the chuck rotates at a high speed, the centrifugal force of the balance weight can be transmitted to the sliding base jaw through the balance lever to compensate the centrifugal force of the sliding base jaw, thereby ensuring the clamping force of the sliding base jaw and improving the processing stability, the processing reliability and the processing precision of a workpiece;

(3) According to the utility model, the balance lever is supported by the lever supporting shaft to swing, so that the centrifugal force of the balance weight can be better transferred, the better clamping force of the sliding base claw is ensured, meanwhile, the first oil hole is arranged at the axle center of the lever supporting shaft and is communicated with the central hole of the balance lever through the second oil hole, and effective lubrication between the balance lever and the lever supporting shaft can be realized;

(4) The balance lever is provided with the third oil hole which penetrates axially, the balance block is provided with the fourth oil hole, lubricating oil can be guided to the balance block and the sliding base claw through the third oil hole, effective lubrication of the balance lever, the balance block and the sliding base claw is realized, lubricating oil can be guided between the balance block and the flange through the fourth oil hole, and effective lubrication of the balance block, the balance block groove and the flange is realized.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present utility model;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the explosive structure of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the mating structure of the driving block and the sliding base jaw of the present utility model;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the chuck body according to the present utility model;

FIG. 5 is a front view of the present utility model;

FIG. 6 is a sectional view of G-G of FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a sectional view of J-J of FIG. 5;

1, a chuck body; 11. a chute; 111. v-shaped protruding blocks; 12. a balancing block groove; 2. a sliding base jaw; 21. a sloping block; 22. a V-shaped groove; 3. a driving block; 31. a chute; 4. a balance weight; 41. a fourth oil hole; 5. a balance lever; 51. a third oil hole; 6. a lever support shaft; 61. a first oil hole; 62. a second oil hole; 63. an oil guiding groove; 64. a jackscrew; 65. a seal ring; 7. a dust cover; 8. and (3) a flange.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present utility model will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present utility model, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the utility model without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the utility model.

The utility model aims to provide an expansion claw-preventing translational chuck, which solves the problems in the prior art, and the expansion claw-preventing translational chuck can improve the sliding precision of a sliding base claw and a chuck body, increase the stress area and avoid the problem of expansion claw during clamping by respectively arranging a V-shaped groove and a V-shaped lug on the sliding base claw and the chuck body and utilizing the cooperation of the V-shaped groove and the V-shaped lug to limit and guide the movement of the sliding base claw.

In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present utility model will become more readily apparent, a more particular description of the utility model will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings and appended detailed description.

As shown in fig. 1 to 7, the utility model provides an expansion claw preventing translational chuck, which comprises a chuck body 1, a plurality of sliding base claws 2 uniformly distributed on the circumference of the chuck body 1 and a driving mechanism for driving the sliding base claws 2 to radially move, wherein the driving mechanism can be in the form of a large bevel gear and a small bevel gear, and can also be in the form of a chute 31 and a sloping block 21. The sliding base jaw 2 includes a mounting portion to which the sub-jaw is attached and a sliding portion to which the chuck body 1 is attached, the sub-jaw being a sub-jaw for clamping a workpiece, and is mounted on the sliding base jaw 2 by means of a screw or bolt or the like, and of course, the sliding base jaw 2 and the sub-jaw may be of an integral structure. The chuck body 1 is provided with a chute 11 for sliding of the sliding part, two side edges of the sliding part are provided with a plurality of V-shaped grooves 22 (which can be single V-shaped grooves 22, double V-shaped grooves 22 or multiple V-shaped grooves 22), two side walls of the chute 11 are provided with V-shaped protruding blocks 111 matched with the V-shaped grooves 22, the V-shaped protruding blocks 111 extend along the radial direction of the chuck body 1, the V-shaped grooves 22 and the V-shaped protruding blocks 111 form matched limiting and guiding structures, the sliding base claw 2 can be limited and guided by utilizing the matching of the V-shaped grooves 22 and the V-shaped protruding blocks 111, the sliding precision of the sliding base claw 2 and the chuck body 1 can be improved, the stress area is increased, and the problem of claw expansion during clamping is avoided.

As shown in fig. 2, 3 and 6, further, the driving mechanism comprises a driving block 3 which moves axially, a chute 31 is arranged on the driving block 3, a sloping block 21 which is matched with the chute 31 is arranged on the sliding base claw 2, when the driving block 3 moves in a direction away from the sliding base claw 2, the sliding base claw 2 moves inwards in a radial direction to drive the sub claw to clamp a workpiece, and when the driving block 3 moves in a direction close to the sliding base claw 2, the sliding base claw 2 moves outwards in a radial direction to drive the sub claw to loosen the workpiece. Thus, the cooperation of the chute 31 and the chute block 21 can drive the sliding base claw 2 to move radially inwards or outwards under the drive of the driving block 3. The driving block 3 is axially moved by connecting a machine tool pull rod or other rotary equipment pull rod.

As shown in fig. 2 and 6, the balance lever comprises a balance lever 5 and a balance weight 4, wherein accommodating grooves are respectively formed in the sliding base claw 2 and the balance weight 4, one end of the balance lever 5 is inserted into the accommodating groove of the sliding base claw 2 to be connected with the sliding base claw 2, and the other end of the balance lever 5 is inserted into the accommodating groove of the balance weight 4 to be connected with the balance weight 4. The balance weight 4 is slidably arranged in the chuck body 1, and the balance weight 4 subjected to centrifugal force exerts centripetal force on the sliding base jaw 2. Specifically, when the chuck rotates at a high speed, the sliding base jaw 2, the sub-jaw and the workpiece to be machined generate a centrifugal force F1 pointing outwards, and the centrifugal force acts on the sub-jaw, so that the clamping force of the sub-jaw is reduced or lost, and the workpiece is unstable to process or flies out from the machine tool. When rotating at a high speed, the balance weight 4 can slide outwards according to the rotating speed to form an outward centrifugal force F2, the centrifugal force F2 of the balance weight 4 is transferred to the sliding base claw 2 through the balance lever 5, an inward reaction force F2' is generated on the sliding base claw 2, the reaction force exactly compensates the outward centrifugal force F1 of the sub claw, and therefore, the centrifugal force compensation can ensure the clamping force of the sub claw, and the processing stability, the reliability and the workpiece processing precision are improved.

As shown in fig. 2, 6 and 7, the balance lever comprises a lever support shaft 6, the balance lever 5 comprises a center hole vertically penetrating through the center hole, the center hole is sleeved on the outer diameter side of the lever support shaft 6, and the balance lever 5 swings by taking the lever support shaft 6 as a fulcrum. The lever support shaft 6 supports the balance lever 5 to swing, so that the centrifugal force of the balance weight 4 can be better transferred, and the better clamping force of the sliding base claw 2 is ensured.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the lever support shaft 6 penetrates the chuck body 1 in a chord direction so as to be able to support the swinging of the balance lever 5, and a jack screw 64 is provided in an axial direction so as to jack up the lever support shaft 6, and the lever support shaft 6 is fixed by the jack screw 64.

As shown in fig. 6 and 7, the shaft center of the lever support shaft 6 is provided with a first oil hole 61, the oil filling port of the first oil hole 61 is located at the end face of the lever support shaft 6, the middle part of the lever support shaft 6 is provided with a second oil hole 62 penetrating radially, and the second oil hole 62 communicates with the first oil hole 61 and serves as the oil outlet of the first oil hole 61 to communicate with the center hole of the balance lever 5. By injecting the lubricating oil into the first oil hole 61, it is possible to enter the second oil hole 62 from the first oil hole 61 and reach the center hole of the balance lever 5 from the second oil hole 62, achieving effective lubrication between the balance lever 5 and the lever support shaft 6.

As shown in fig. 2 and 7, the two end parts of the lever support shaft 6 are provided with annular grooves, and the annular grooves are internally provided with sealing rings 65, so that a sealing space is formed in the space of the chuck body 1 for installing the lever support shaft 6 through the arrangement of the sealing rings 65, and lubricating oil leakage is avoided.

As shown in fig. 2, at least one end portion of the second oil hole 62 is connected with an oil guide groove 63, and the oil guide groove 63 is provided on the lever support shaft 6 and extends in the axial direction thereof. The oil guiding groove 63 can further guide the lubricating oil guided by the second oil hole 62 to the outer wall of the lever support shaft 6, so that effective lubrication of the lever support shaft 6 is realized.

As shown in fig. 4, a balance block groove 12 is formed in one surface of the chuck body 1, which is not provided with the sliding base jaw 2, the balance block 4 is arranged in the balance block groove 12, the balance block 4 is limited in the axial direction through a flange 8, and the balance block 4 is restrained by the balance block groove 12 and the flange 8 together to slide along the radial direction of the chuck body 1. Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 6, the side of the chuck body 1 having the sliding base jaw 2 is provided with a dust cover 7, the dust cover 7 is located at the center of the chuck body 1, the sliding base jaw 2 is always located at the inner side of the dust cover 7, and the dust cover 7 is used to prevent dust from falling into the chuck body 1 to affect the sliding of the sliding base jaw 2 relative to the chuck body 1 and the driving block 3.

As shown in fig. 6 and 7, the balance lever 5 is provided with a third oil hole 51 penetrating axially, and lubricating oil can be guided to the balance weight 4 and the sliding base jaw 2 through the third oil hole 51, so that effective lubrication of the balance lever 5, the balance weight 4 and the sliding base jaw 2 is realized. The balance weight 4 is provided with a fourth oil hole 41, the fourth oil hole 41 is communicated with the balance lever 5 and the flange 8, lubricating oil can be guided between the balance weight 4 and the flange 8 through the fourth oil hole 41, and effective lubrication of the balance weight 4, the balance weight groove 12 and the flange 8 is realized.

The principles and embodiments of the present utility model have been described in detail with reference to specific examples, which are provided to facilitate understanding of the method and core ideas of the present utility model; also, it is within the scope of the present utility model to be modified by those of ordinary skill in the art in light of the present teachings. In view of the foregoing, this description should not be construed as limiting the utility model.

Claims (10)

1. An expansion jaw prevention translational chuck, which is characterized in that: including the chuck body, be in circumference evenly distributed's a plurality of slip base claws and drive on the chuck body the actuating mechanism of slip base claw radial movement, the slip base claw is including the installation department of connector claw and connection the slip part of chuck body, the chuck body has been seted up and has been supplied the gliding spout of slip part, the both sides limit of slip part is provided with a plurality of V type grooves, the both sides wall of spout be provided with V type lug that the V type groove matches, V type lug is followed the radial direction of chuck body extends.

2. The expansion jaw translating chuck of claim 1 wherein: the driving mechanism comprises a driving block which axially moves, a chute is arranged on the driving block, an inclined block matched with the chute is arranged on the sliding base claw, and the chute is driven by the driving block to drive the inclined block to radially move.

3. The expansion jaw translating chuck of claim 1 wherein: the chuck comprises a balance lever and a balance weight, wherein one end of the balance lever is connected with the sliding base claw, the other end of the balance lever is connected with the balance weight, the balance weight is arranged in the chuck body in a sliding manner, and centrifugal force is applied to the balance weight by the centripetal force of the sliding base claw.

4. The expansion jaw translating chuck of claim 3 wherein: the balance lever comprises a lever supporting shaft, wherein the balance lever comprises a center hole which vertically penetrates through the center hole, the center hole is sleeved on the outer diameter side of the lever supporting shaft, and the balance lever swings by taking the lever supporting shaft as a fulcrum.

5. The expansion jaw translating chuck of claim 4 wherein: the lever support shaft penetrates through the chuck body along the chord direction, and a jackscrew which is tightly propped against the lever support shaft is axially arranged.

6. The expansion jaw translating chuck of claim 4 wherein: the axle center of lever back shaft is provided with first oilhole, the oiling mouth of first oilhole is located the terminal surface of lever back shaft, the middle part of lever back shaft is provided with radial second oilhole that runs through, the second oilhole intercommunication first oilhole and as the oil-out intercommunication of first oilhole the centre bore.

7. The expansion jaw translating chuck of claim 6 wherein: annular grooves are formed in the two end portions of the lever support shaft, and sealing rings are installed in the annular grooves.

8. The expansion jaw translating chuck of claim 7 wherein: at least one end of the second oil hole is connected with an oil guiding groove, and the oil guiding groove is arranged on the lever supporting shaft and extends along the axial direction of the lever supporting shaft.

9. The expansion jaw translating chuck of claim 7 wherein: one surface of the chuck body, which is not provided with the sliding base jaw, is provided with a balance block groove, the balance block is arranged in the balance block groove, and the balance block is limited in the axial direction through a flange; the one side that the chuck body had the slip base claw installs the shield, the shield is located the center of chuck body, the slip base claw has part to be located all the time the shield is inboard.

10. The expansion jaw translating chuck of claim 9 wherein: the balance lever is provided with a third oil hole penetrating axially, the balance block is provided with a fourth oil hole, and the fourth oil hole is communicated with the balance lever and the flange.