CN219703470U

CN219703470U - Directional solidification equipment for high-speed solidification

Info

Publication number: CN219703470U
Application number: CN202320900871.3U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张宏伟; 汤广全; 庞景宇; 曹楠; 刘文强; 程陆凡; 纪宇
Original assignee: Liaoning Zhongke Boyan Technology Co ltd; Foshan Huizhen Technology Co ltd; Institute of Metal Research of CAS
Current assignee: Liaoning Zhongke Boyan Technology Co ltd; Foshan Huizhen Technology Co ltd; Institute of Metal Research of CAS
Priority date: 2023-04-20
Filing date: 2023-04-20
Publication date: 2023-09-19
Anticipated expiration: 2033-04-20

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of directional solidification, in particular to directional solidification equipment for high-speed solidification. The top opening part of the vacuum chamber is provided with a charging and temperature measuring chamber, the interface of the smelting device on the side surface of the smelting chamber on the upper part of the vacuum chamber is provided with a smelting device, the upper vacuum port on the side surface of the smelting chamber on the upper part of the vacuum chamber and the lower vacuum port on the side surface of the casting chamber on the lower part of the vacuum chamber are communicated with the vacuumizing port of the low vacuum unit, the high vacuum port on the side surface of the smelting chamber on the upper part of the vacuum chamber is communicated with the vacuumizing port of the high vacuum unit, the mould shell heat preservation device is arranged in the casting chamber on the lower part of the vacuum chamber, the lower part of the vacuum chamber is provided with a stretching mechanism, and the upper end of the stretching mechanism stretches into the inner cavity of the mould shell heat preservation device and is connected with a crystallizer and a central water cooling column at the bottom of the inner cavity of the mould shell heat preservation device. The utility model solves the problems of uneven temperature field at the inner side and the outer side of the casting, reduced temperature gradient at the inner side and non-ideal unidirectional heat flow condition, and can improve the yield of casting the single-crystal superalloy blade of the aeroengine.

Description

Directional solidification equipment for high-speed solidification

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of high-speed solidification (HRS) directional solidification, in particular to directional solidification equipment for high-speed solidification, which is mainly used for casting single-crystal superalloy blades of aeroengines.

Background

The aeroengine is key equipment which is indispensable for national defense weapon construction and national economy development, and is an important mark for reflecting national comprehensive strength. The single crystal superalloy blade has excellent high temperature creep and fatigue strength and good oxidation and corrosion resistance, and has been widely used in critical hot-end components of advanced aircraft engines. However, due to the strict blockage of the manufacturing technology of the single crystal blade in foreign countries, the single crystal blade casting technology and the single crystal blade manufacturing equipment in China still have a larger gap compared with the foreign countries, which becomes a significant bottleneck for restricting the manufacturing and development of the advanced aero-engine in China.

At present, a high-speed solidification method (HRS method) directional solidification technology is generally adopted at home and abroad to prepare a single crystal blade of an aeroengine, a traditional mould shell heat preservation device is used for circumferentially heating a heating body, and a water cooling ring is used for circumferentially radiating heat to obtain unidirectional heat flow, so that directional crystallization is realized. The inner side of the mould shell is far away from the heating body and the water cooling ring, and the heating efficiency and the heat dissipation efficiency of the mould shell are low compared with those of the outer side, so that the isothermal surfaces of the liquidus line and the solidus line are not straight lines, and under the conditions that the inner side is not ideal unidirectional heat flow condition and the temperature gradient is reduced, the growth instability of a single crystal tissue easily occurs in the directional solidification process on the inner side of the casting, and the defect of mixed crystals is formed to cause the rejection of the casting.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model mainly aims to provide directional solidification equipment for high-speed solidification, which is used for solving the problems of weak links, development of the advanced directional solidification equipment capable of realizing the whole casting of the single crystal blade of the aeroengine, and breaking through the inherent problems of uneven temperature field at the inner side and the outer side of a casting, reduced temperature gradient at the inner side and non-ideal unidirectional heat flow condition of the traditional directional solidification equipment, and is used for solving the important requirements of national safety on the single crystal blade of the advanced aeroengine.

The utility model solves the technical problems by adopting the following technical scheme:

the directional solidification equipment for high-speed solidification comprises a feeding and measuring chamber, a smelting device, an operating platform, a high vacuum unit, a stretching mechanism, a low vacuum unit, a vacuum chamber, a mould shell heat preservation device and a water cooling system, wherein the specific structure is as follows:

the top opening part of the vacuum chamber is provided with a charging and temperature measuring chamber, the interface of the smelting device on the side surface of the smelting chamber on the upper part of the vacuum chamber is provided with a smelting device, the upper vacuum port on the side surface of the smelting chamber on the upper part of the vacuum chamber and the lower vacuum port on the side surface of the casting chamber on the lower part of the vacuum chamber are communicated with the vacuumizing port of the low vacuum unit, the high vacuum port on the side surface of the smelting chamber on the upper part of the vacuum chamber is communicated with the vacuumizing port of the high vacuum unit, the mould shell heat preservation device is arranged in the casting chamber on the lower part of the vacuum chamber, the lower part of the vacuum chamber is provided with a stretching mechanism, the upper end of the stretching mechanism stretches into the inner cavity of the mould shell heat preservation device and is connected with a crystallizer and a central water cooling column on the bottom of the inner cavity of the mould shell heat preservation device, and the water cooling system is respectively communicated with a water cooling pipeline of equipment.

The directional solidification equipment for high-speed solidification is characterized in that the feeding and temperature measuring chamber consists of a feeding mechanism and a temperature measuring mechanism, a rotating shaft at the top of the vacuum chamber is respectively connected with the feeding mechanism and the temperature measuring mechanism through connecting pieces, and double-station switching of the feeding mechanism and the temperature measuring mechanism is realized through the rotating shaft.

The directional solidification equipment for high-speed solidification, feeding mechanism include cylinder, pull rod, rack axle, go up storehouse, pneumatic material claw, lower storehouse, transmission case, the rack axle wears to locate motor drive's transmission case and is connected with the transmission case transmission, drive rack axle reciprocating motion through the transmission case, the one end of rack axle is located last storehouse, the other end of rack axle is located lower storehouse, the pull rod wears to locate in the hole of rack axle, the one end of pull rod links to each other with the cylinder, the pneumatic material claw is installed to the other end of pull rod, the lower port of lower storehouse interfaces with the open-top of vacuum chamber.

The directional solidification equipment for high-speed solidification, temperature measuring mechanism include rack axle, thermocouple, go up storehouse, infrared thermoscope, motor, transmission case, lower storehouse, the rack axle wears to locate motor drive's transmission case and is connected with the transmission case transmission, drive rack axle reciprocating motion through the transmission case, the one end of rack axle is located last storehouse, the other end of rack axle is located lower storehouse, the lower port of lower storehouse interfaces with the open-top of vacuum chamber, the one end cartridge of thermocouple is in the other end of rack axle, the other end of thermocouple stretches into in the vacuum chamber, the one end of infrared thermoscope stretches into in the lower storehouse and corresponds with the vacuum chamber.

The stretching mechanism comprises a receiving tray, an outer transmission shaft, an inner transmission shaft, a support frame and a transmission mechanism, wherein the transmission mechanism is arranged at one end of the support frame, the receiving tray is arranged at the other end of the support frame, one end of the outer transmission shaft is connected with the crystallizer, and one end of the inner transmission shaft is connected with the central water-cooling column; the stretching mechanism is concentrically installed by two sets of independent transmission mechanisms to realize the coaxial relative movement of the crystallizer and the central water-cooling column, and the outer transmission shaft and the vacuum chamber, and the inner transmission shaft and the outer transmission shaft all adopt V-shaped sealing ring dynamic sealing structures.

The directional solidification equipment for high-speed solidification comprises a vacuum chamber, a casting chamber, a gate valve, a smelting chamber furnace door, a smelting device interface, an upper vacuum port, a lower vacuum port, a gate valve, a casting chamber furnace door and a high vacuum port, wherein the smelting chamber and the casting chamber are arranged up and down; the smelting chamber is connected with the casting chamber through a flap valve, and the smelting chamber is connected with the feeding measurement chamber through a flap valve.

The directional solidification equipment for high-speed solidification comprises a mould shell, an air cooling ring, a crystallizer, a central water cooling column, a central heat-insulating plate, a water cooling ring, a lower heat-insulating plate, an intermediate heat-insulating plate, a central heating column, an upper induction coil and a lower induction coil, wherein the mould shell and the crystallizer are arranged in an inner cavity of the mould shell heat-insulating device up and down; an upper induction coil is arranged on the outer side of the upper region, and a lower induction coil is arranged on the outer side of the lower region.

The design idea of the utility model is as follows:

the utility model designs a set of large-size mould shell heat preservation device which comprises a large-size crystallizer and a large-size heat preservation space, wherein a central heating column, a central water cooling column and a central heat shield are additionally arranged in the mould shell heat preservation device, and a whole set of heating and cooling devices are additionally arranged in the centre of the mould shell, so that the temperature fields at the inner side and the outer side of the mould shell are uniform, and the temperature gradient is close. Meanwhile, an air cooling ring is added at the lower part of the water cooling ring to assist in uniform temperature field through argon. The central heating column adopts a resistance heating mode, so that mutual interference with outside induction heating is avoided to the greatest extent. The central water-cooling column needs to be concentric with the stretching mechanism, so that synchronous movement and relative movement exist, and the stretching precision requirement is extremely high. The central heat shield is used for isolating the internal temperature field, so that the temperature gradient of the internal temperature field of the mould shell is similar to that of the external temperature gradient.

By means of the technical scheme, the intelligent rare noble metal separation and purification system and method provided by the utility model have at least the following advantages:

1. the utility model obviously improves the number of the castable blades in each heat, and fundamentally solves the problems of low inner side heating efficiency and heat dissipation efficiency, undesirable unidirectional heat flow, low temperature gradient, low yield, low casting efficiency and the like. Compared with the traditional equipment, the quantity of the cast blades per heat is improved by 5 times, the rejection rate of the mixed crystal defects is reduced by 30%, and the overall qualification rate of the blades is improved by 10%.

2. According to the utility model, more ideal monocrystal growth conditions are formed in the castings through optimizing the heat transfer and radiation conditions, the generation of impurity crystal defects on the inner sides of the monocrystal blade castings is reduced, a high-tech equipment manufacturing technology is formed, and equipment support is provided for the development of advanced aeroengines.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a front view of the present utility model.

Fig. 2 is a top view of the present utility model.

Figure 3 is an isometric view of the present utility model.

FIG. 4 is a diagram of a charging mechanism of the present utility model.

FIG. 5 is a diagram of a temperature measuring mechanism of the present utility model.

FIG. 6 is a view of a smelting apparatus according to the present utility model.

FIG. 7 is a diagram of an operating platform of the present utility model.

Fig. 8 is a diagram of a high vacuum machine set according to the present utility model.

Fig. 9 is a drawing of a drawing machine of the present utility model.

Fig. 10 is a diagram of a low vacuum set of the present utility model.

Fig. 11 is a perspective view of a vacuum chamber of the present utility model.

Fig. 12 is a perspective view of a vacuum chamber according to the present utility model.

FIG. 13 is a view of a formwork insulation apparatus of the present utility model.

Reference numerals in the drawings are as follows:

the device comprises a feeding mechanism 1, a temperature measuring mechanism 2, a smelting device 3, an operating platform 4, a high vacuum unit 5, a stretching mechanism 6, a low vacuum unit 7, a vacuum chamber 8, a mould shell heat preservation device 9, a water cooling system 10 and a rotating shaft 11;

1 charging mechanism: 101 cylinders, 102 pull rods, 103 rack shafts, 104 upper bins, 105 pneumatic feed claws, 106 lower bins and 107 transmission boxes;

2 temperature measuring mechanism: 21 rack shaft, 22 thermocouple, 23 upper bin, 24 infrared thermometer, 25 motor, 26 transmission case, 27 lower bin;

3 smelting device: 31 crucible;

4, an operation platform: 41 high landings, 42 large escalators, 43 small escalators, 44 low landings.

5 high vacuum unit: 51 tail row filters, 52 slide valve pumps, 53 Roots pumps, 54 Pirani resistance vacuum gauge, 55 flapper valve, 56 diffusion pumps;

6 stretching mechanism: 61 receiving tray, 62 outer transmission shaft, 63 inner transmission shaft, 64 supporting frame and 65 transmission mechanism; 93 crystallizer, 94 central water-cooled column, 95 central heat shield;

7, a low vacuum unit: 71 tail-row filter, 72 slide valve pump, 73 Roots pump, 74 piezoresistive gauge, 75 pressure gauge, 76 Pirani resistance vacuum gauge, 77 pneumatic butterfly valve, 78 bleed assembly;

8 vacuum chamber: 81 smelting chambers, 82 casting chambers, 83 gate valves, 84 smelting chamber furnace doors, 85 smelting device interfaces, 86 upper vacuum ports, 87 lower vacuum ports, 88 gate valves, 89 casting chamber furnace doors, 810 high vacuum ports.

9 mould shell heat preservation device: 91 mould shell, 92 air cooling ring, 93 mould, 94 central water cooling column, 95 central heat shield, 96 water cooling ring, 97 lower heat shield, 98 middle heat shield, 99 central heating column, 910 upper induction coil, 911 lower induction coil.

Detailed Description

The foregoing description is only an overview of the present utility model, and is intended to provide a better understanding of the present utility model, as it is embodied in the following description, with reference to the preferred embodiments of the present utility model and the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 1-13, the utility model provides a directional solidification device for high-speed solidification (HRS), which comprises a charging and temperature measuring chamber (charging mechanism 1, temperature measuring mechanism 2), a smelting device 3, an operation platform 4, a high vacuum unit 5, a stretching mechanism 6, a low vacuum unit 7, a vacuum chamber 8, a mould shell heat preservation device 9, and a water cooling system 10, and has the following specific structure:

the top opening of the vacuum chamber 8 is provided with a charging and temperature measuring chamber, a smelting device interface 85 on the side surface of a smelting chamber 81 on the upper part of the vacuum chamber 8 is provided with a smelting device 3, an upper vacuum port 86 on the side surface of the smelting chamber 81 on the upper part of the vacuum chamber 8, a lower vacuum port 87 on the side surface of a casting chamber 82 on the lower part of the vacuum chamber 8 are communicated with a vacuumizing port of the low vacuum unit 7, a high vacuum port 810 on the side surface of the smelting chamber 81 on the upper part of the vacuum chamber 8 is communicated with a vacuumizing port of the high vacuum unit 5, a mould shell heat preservation device 9 is arranged in the casting chamber 82 on the lower part of the vacuum chamber 8, a stretching mechanism 6 is arranged below the vacuum chamber 8, the upper end of the stretching mechanism 6 stretches into an inner cavity of the mould shell heat preservation device 9 and is connected with a crystallizer 93 and a central water-cooling column 94 on the bottom of the inner cavity of the mould shell heat preservation device 9, and the water-cooling system 10 is respectively communicated with water-cooling pipelines such as a crucible water-cooling device of the smelting device 3, a central water-cooling column 94, a water-cooling ring 96 and the like.

The feeding temperature measuring chamber is used for feeding and measuring temperature; as shown in fig. 4-5, the feeding and temperature measuring chamber consists of a feeding mechanism 1 and a temperature measuring mechanism 2, a rotating shaft 11 at the top of a vacuum chamber 8 is respectively connected with the feeding mechanism 1 and the temperature measuring mechanism 2 through connecting pieces, and double-station switching of the feeding mechanism 1 and the temperature measuring mechanism 2 is realized through the rotating shaft 11.

Wherein:

as shown in fig. 4, the feeding mechanism 1 comprises an air cylinder 101, a pull rod 102, a rack shaft 103, an upper bin 104, a pneumatic claw 105, a lower bin 106 and a transmission box 107, wherein the rack shaft 103 is arranged in the transmission box 107 driven by a motor in a penetrating manner and is in transmission connection with the transmission box 107, the rack shaft 103 is driven to reciprocate through the transmission box 107, one end of the rack shaft 103 is positioned in the upper bin 104, the other end of the rack shaft 103 is positioned in the lower bin 106, the pull rod 102 is arranged in an inner hole of the rack shaft 103 in a penetrating manner, one end of the pull rod 102 is connected with the air cylinder 101, the pneumatic claw 105 is arranged at the other end of the pull rod 102, and the lower port of the lower bin 106 is in butt joint with the top opening of the vacuum chamber 8. The feeding mechanism 1 is connected with a pull rod 102 through a cylinder 101 to drive a pneumatic feed claw 105 to open and close, so that bars and bulk materials can be fed into a crucible 31;

as shown in fig. 5, the temperature measuring mechanism 2 comprises a rack shaft 21, a thermocouple 22, an upper bin 23, an infrared thermometer 24, a motor 25, a transmission box 26 and a lower bin 27, wherein the rack shaft 21 penetrates through the transmission box 26 driven by the motor 25 and is in transmission connection with the transmission box 26, the rack shaft 21 is driven to reciprocate through the transmission box 26, one end of the rack shaft 21 is positioned in the upper bin 23, the other end of the rack shaft 21 is positioned in the lower bin 27, a lower port of the lower bin 27 is in butt joint with the top opening of the vacuum chamber 8, one end of the thermocouple 22 is inserted at the other end of the rack shaft 21, the other end of the thermocouple 22 extends into the vacuum chamber 8, and one end of the infrared thermometer 24 extends into the lower bin 27 and corresponds to the vacuum chamber 8. The temperature measuring mechanism 2 adopts an immersed thermocouple 22 and an infrared thermometer 24, the thermocouple 22 is connected with the rack shaft 21 through a high-temperature-resistant ceramic plug by means of gear-rack structure transmission, the thermocouple can be replaced quickly, the temperature of molten metal in the crucible 31 can be measured, and the casting process is controlled.

And the smelting device 3 is used for smelting the master alloy of the high-temperature alloy. As shown in fig. 6, the smelting device 3 is provided with a crucible 31, an induction coil power supply and the like, the electric parameter matching of the induction coil-crucible furnace burden-power supply is required to be calculated, the electric conduction and water conduction functions are realized through a coaxial electric conduction mechanism, the quick melting and uniform stirring of the master alloy in the crucible are realized through the power frequency adjustment, and the preparation is carried out for the next casting mould shell.

An operation platform 4 for supporting the whole equipment and providing an operation space. As shown in fig. 7, the operation platform 4 includes a high platform 41, a large escalator 42, a small escalator 43, and a low platform 44, the small escalator 43 is disposed at the junction between the low platform 44 and the high platform 41, and the large escalator 42 is disposed between the high platform 41 and the ground. The operation platform 4 is welded by steel, has firm structure and attractive appearance, supports the whole equipment and provides an operation space for operators.

And the vacuum unit is used for providing a vacuum environment required by the equipment. As shown in fig. 8 and 10, the vacuum unit includes two sets of vacuum units: high vacuum unit 5, low vacuum unit 7, wherein:

as shown in fig. 8, the high vacuum unit 5 comprises a tail filter 51, a slide valve pump 52, a roots pump 53, a Pirani resistance vacuum gauge 54, a baffle valve 55 and a diffusion pump 56, wherein the slide valve pump 52, the roots pump 53 and the diffusion pump 56 are sequentially communicated through pipelines, an air outlet of the slide valve pump 52 is communicated with the tail filter 51, the Pirani resistance vacuum gauge 54 is arranged on a pipeline in which the roots pump 53 is communicated with the diffusion pump 56, and the baffle valve 55 is arranged at the joint of the diffusion pump 56 and the vacuum chamber 8; the high vacuum unit 5 is used for high vacuum air extraction, and realizes high vacuum air extraction through a slide valve pump, a Roots pump and a diffusion pump.

As shown in fig. 10, the low vacuum unit 7 comprises a tail filter 71, a slide valve pump 72, a roots pump 73, a piezoresistor 74, a pressure gauge 75, a Pirani resistance vacuum gauge 76, a pneumatic butterfly valve 77 and a deflation component 78, wherein the slide valve pump 72 and the roots pump 73 are communicated through pipelines, the air outlet of the slide valve pump 72 is communicated with the tail filter 71, the Pirani resistance vacuum gauge 76, the pneumatic butterfly valve 77 and the deflation component 78 are arranged on a pipeline communicated with an upper vacuum port 86 of the vacuum chamber 8 by the roots pump 73, and the piezoresistor 74 and the pressure gauge 75 are arranged on a pipeline communicated with a lower vacuum port 87 of the vacuum chamber 8 by the roots pump 73; the low vacuum unit 7 is used for low vacuum air extraction, and the low vacuum quick air extraction is realized through two slide valve pumps and a high-power Roots pump.

And the stretching mechanism 6 is used for realizing lifting and lowering of the crystallizer 93 and the central water-cooling column 94 and providing a stretching speed required by the directional solidification process. As shown in fig. 9, the stretching mechanism 6 comprises a receiving tray 61, an outer driving shaft 62, an inner driving shaft 63, a supporting frame 64 and a driving mechanism 65, wherein the driving mechanism 65 is installed at one end of the supporting frame 64, the receiving tray 61 is installed at the other end of the supporting frame 64, one end of the outer driving shaft 62 is connected with a crystallizer 93, and one end of the inner driving shaft 63 is connected with a central water cooling column 94; the stretching mechanism 6 is concentrically installed by two sets of independent transmission mechanisms to realize the coaxial relative movement of the crystallizer 93 and the central water-cooling column 94, the outer transmission shaft 62 and the vacuum chamber 8, the inner transmission shaft 63 and the outer transmission shaft 62 all adopt positive and negative three V-shaped sealing ring dynamic sealing structures, and the transmission mechanism 65 adopts a servo motor, a high-precision ball screw and a sliding rail sliding block to realize the accurate control of speed and displacement, thereby providing the stretching speed required in the directional solidification process.

And a vacuum chamber 8 for providing vacuum environment for metal smelting, mould casting and mould cooling. As shown in fig. 11-12, the vacuum chamber 8 comprises a smelting chamber 81, a casting chamber 82, a gate valve 83, a smelting chamber furnace door 84, a smelting device interface 85, an upper vacuum port 86, a lower vacuum port 87, a gate valve 88, a casting chamber furnace door 89 and a high vacuum port 810, wherein the smelting chamber 81 and the casting chamber 82 are arranged up and down, a feeding and measuring chamber is arranged at the top of the smelting chamber 81, a stretching mechanism 6 is arranged at the bottom of the casting chamber 82, one side of the smelting chamber 8 is provided with the smelting chamber furnace door 84, the smelting device interface 85 is arranged on the smelting chamber furnace door 84, the other two sides of the smelting chamber 8 are respectively provided with the upper vacuum port 86 and the high vacuum port 810, one side of the casting chamber 82 is provided with the casting chamber furnace door 89, and the other side of the casting chamber 82 is provided with the lower vacuum port 87; the smelting chamber 81 and the casting chamber 82 are connected through a flap valve 88, the opening and closing of the flap valve 88 determines the communication state of the smelting chamber 81 and the casting chamber 82, the smelting chamber 81 and the feeding temperature measuring chamber are connected through a flap valve 83, and the opening and closing of the flap valve 83 determines the communication state of the smelting chamber 81 and the feeding temperature measuring chamber.

And the mould shell heat preservation device 9 is used for providing a temperature field required by the mould shell and adjusting the temperature gradient. As shown in fig. 13, the mold shell heat preservation device 9 comprises a mold shell 91, an air cooling ring 92, a crystallizer 93, a central water cooling column 94, a central heat shield 95, a water cooling ring 96, a lower heat shield 97, an intermediate heat shield 98, a central heating column 99, an upper induction coil 910 and a lower induction coil 911, wherein the mold shell 91 and the crystallizer 93 are arranged in an inner cavity of the mold shell heat preservation device 9 up and down, the inner cavity of the mold shell heat preservation device 9 is divided into an upper area and a lower area, the vertical central heating column 99 and the central water cooling column 94 are coaxially arranged up and down along the central line of the mold shell heat preservation device 9, the central heating column 99 and the central water cooling column 94 extend to the inner cavity of the mold shell heat preservation device 9, the middle heat shield 98 is arranged in the middle of the side wall of the inner cavity of the mold shell heat preservation device 9, the lower heat shield 97 is arranged at the lower part of the side wall of the inner cavity of the mold shell heat shield 9, and the central heat shield 95 and the water cooling ring 96 are arranged at the periphery of the crystallizer 93 in the inner cavity of the mold shell heat preservation device 9; an upper induction coil 910 is disposed outside the upper region, and a lower induction coil 911 is disposed outside the lower region; the induction coil-central heating column 99-power supply-control Wen Ou form a closed-loop hot zone, the upper zone power supply and the lower zone power supply adopt different frequencies and are provided with short-circuit rings, mutual interference is avoided to the greatest extent, the central heating column 99 adopts the power supply and a graphite heating body to compensate an internal temperature field, the air cooling ring 92 is arranged below the lower heat-insulating plate 97, the water cooling ring 96 is arranged below the air cooling ring 92, and the control Wen Ou is respectively inserted in the middle of the upper zone power supply, the lower zone power supply and the central heating column and is used for controlling the temperature field of the whole mould shell heat-insulating device.

A water cooling system 10 for cooling the whole plant.

As shown in fig. 1-13, the utility model is used in a high-speed solidification (HRS) directional solidification apparatus, and comprises the following steps:

(1) Mother alloy bar is put into a crucible 31 through a feeding mechanism 1, and whether the mother alloy weight can fill the whole mould shell 91 is required to be measured. Placing the mould shell 91 on the crystallizer 93, carefully grinding the bottom surface of the mould shell 91 through a grinding table to ensure that the bottom surface of the mould shell 91 is closely attached to the crystallizer 93, preventing liquid leakage, lifting the mould shell 91 into the mould shell heat preservation device 9, and enabling the upper surface of the crystallizer 93 to be level with the upper surface of the water cooling ring 96;

(2) Before vacuumizing, checking whether water, electricity and gas normally run or not, starting the low vacuum unit 7 in sequence, and switching to the high vacuum unit 5 according to process requirements to obtain high vacuum degree when the air pressure of the vacuum chamber 8 is lower than 5 Pa;

(3) When the air pressure of the vacuum chamber 8 is lower than 40Pa, a power supply of the mould shell heat preservation device 9 can be started, a plurality of sections of heating curves are set according to a process through a temperature control meter, and finally the upper area, the lower area and the central heating column are respectively heated to the required target temperature, wherein the whole process needs about 90-120 min;

(4) When the mould shell heat preservation device 9 is raised to the target temperature, the power supply of the smelting device 3 is started to smelt the master alloy, and the steps of smelting, temperature measurement, standing, casting and the like are carried out according to the process.

(5) After the molten metal enters the die shell 91, the molten metal needs to be kept stand for a certain time according to the process requirements to fully fill the whole die shell 91 and have uniform components, a directional solidification single crystal pulling process is carried out, a stretching curve is required to be set according to the process requirements, the minimum stretching speed is 2mm/min, the upper region, the lower region and the central heating column temperature can be adjusted according to the process in the stretching process, the position of the central water cooling column 94 can be adjusted, and an air cooling ring can be opened to promote the integral temperature gradient;

(6) After the process of directional solidification and single crystal pulling is finished, the next furnace continuous operation can be carried out, the mould shell 91 is lowered to the lower limit, the flap valve 88 is closed to isolate the smelting chamber 81 from the mould chamber 82, the mould chamber 82 is filled with air to the atmospheric pressure, the mould chamber furnace door 89 is opened to take out the mould shell 91, then a new mould shell is placed on the crystallizer 93 to be fixed, the mould chamber furnace door 89 is closed, the low vacuum unit 7 is sequentially opened, the mould chamber 82 is evacuated to be within 10Pa, the flap valve 88 is opened after the air pressure balance of the smelting chamber 81 and the mould chamber 82 is regulated, the mould shell 91 is lifted to the inside of the mould shell heat preservation device 9, the upper surface of the crystallizer 93 is flush with the upper surface of the water cooling ring 96, and the mould shell heat preservation device 9 keeps heat preservation in the process.

(7) After the master alloy bar to be smelted is placed on the pneumatic claw 105 to be clamped, the pneumatic claw 105 is retracted, the feeding mechanism 1 is rotated to a station back drop position, the lower bin 106 of the feeding mechanism 1 is vacuumized to the air pressure within 10Pa, the gate valve 83 is opened after the air pressure balance between the smelting chamber 81 and the lower bin 106 of the feeding mechanism 1 is regulated, the master alloy bar is placed in the crucible 31 through the pneumatic claw 105, the gate valve 83 is closed after the pneumatic claw 105 is retracted, and the cycle is performed from the step (4).

(8) When the batch is to be completed, after the mold shell 91 is taken out, the melting chamber 81 still needs to be kept in vacuum, and when the temperature in the mold shell heat preservation device 9 is reduced to within 200 ℃, the melting chamber 81 can be broken to the atmosphere, and the cooling water needs to be kept to be supplied.

Claims

1. The directional solidification equipment for high-speed solidification is characterized by comprising a feeding and measuring chamber, a smelting device, an operating platform, a high vacuum unit, a stretching mechanism, a low vacuum unit, a vacuum chamber, a mould shell heat preservation device and a water cooling system, wherein the specific structure is as follows:

2. The directional solidification equipment for high-speed solidification according to claim 1, wherein the feeding and temperature measuring chamber consists of a feeding mechanism and a temperature measuring mechanism, and a rotating shaft at the top of the vacuum chamber is respectively connected with the feeding mechanism and the temperature measuring mechanism through a connecting piece, and double-station switching of the feeding mechanism and the temperature measuring mechanism is realized through the rotating shaft.

3. The directional solidification equipment for high-speed solidification according to claim 2, wherein the feeding mechanism comprises an air cylinder, a pull rod, a rack shaft, an upper bin, a pneumatic claw, a lower bin and a transmission box, the rack shaft penetrates through the transmission box driven by the motor and is in transmission connection with the transmission box, the rack shaft is driven to reciprocate through the transmission box, one end of the rack shaft is positioned in the upper bin, the other end of the rack shaft is positioned in the lower bin, the pull rod penetrates through an inner hole of the rack shaft, one end of the pull rod is connected with the air cylinder, the pneumatic claw is arranged at the other end of the pull rod, and the lower port of the lower bin is in butt joint with the top opening of the vacuum chamber.

4. The directional solidification equipment for high-speed solidification according to claim 2, wherein the temperature measuring mechanism comprises a rack shaft, a thermocouple, an upper bin, an infrared thermometer, a motor, a transmission box and a lower bin, the rack shaft is arranged in the transmission box driven by the motor in a penetrating manner and is in transmission connection with the transmission box, the transmission box drives the rack shaft to reciprocate, one end of the rack shaft is positioned in the upper bin, the other end of the rack shaft is positioned in the lower bin, a lower port of the lower bin is in butt joint with a top opening of the vacuum chamber, one end of the thermocouple is inserted into the other end of the rack shaft, the other end of the thermocouple extends into the vacuum chamber, and one end of the infrared thermometer extends into the lower bin and corresponds to the vacuum chamber.

5. The directional solidification equipment for high-speed solidification according to claim 1, wherein the stretching mechanism comprises a receiving tray, an outer transmission shaft, an inner transmission shaft, a supporting frame and a transmission mechanism, wherein the transmission mechanism is arranged at one end of the supporting frame, the receiving tray is arranged at the other end of the supporting frame, one end of the outer transmission shaft is connected with the crystallizer, and one end of the inner transmission shaft is connected with the central water-cooling column; the stretching mechanism is concentrically installed by two sets of independent transmission mechanisms to realize the coaxial relative movement of the crystallizer and the central water-cooling column, and the outer transmission shaft and the vacuum chamber, and the inner transmission shaft and the outer transmission shaft all adopt V-shaped sealing ring dynamic sealing structures.

6. The directional solidification equipment for high-speed solidification according to claim 1, wherein the vacuum chamber comprises a smelting chamber, a casting chamber, a gate valve, a smelting chamber furnace door, a smelting device interface, an upper vacuum port, a lower vacuum port, a gate valve, a casting chamber furnace door and a high vacuum port, the smelting chamber and the casting chamber are arranged up and down, a feeding measuring chamber is arranged at the top of the smelting chamber, a stretching mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the casting chamber, one side of the smelting chamber is provided with the smelting chamber furnace door, the smelting device interface is arranged on the smelting chamber furnace door, the other two sides of the smelting chamber are respectively provided with the upper vacuum port and the high vacuum port, one side of the casting chamber is provided with the casting chamber furnace door, and the other side of the casting chamber is provided with the lower vacuum port; the smelting chamber is connected with the casting chamber through a flap valve, and the smelting chamber is connected with the feeding measurement chamber through a flap valve.

7. The directional solidification equipment for high-speed solidification according to claim 1, wherein the mold shell heat preservation device comprises a mold shell, an air cooling ring, a crystallizer, a central water cooling column, a central heat shield, a water cooling ring, a lower heat shield, an intermediate heat shield, a central heating column, an upper induction coil and a lower induction coil, wherein the mold shell and the crystallizer are arranged in an inner cavity of the mold shell heat preservation device up and down, the inner cavity of the mold shell heat preservation device is divided into an upper area and a lower area, the vertical central heating column and the central water cooling column are arranged along the central line of the mold shell heat preservation device in an up-down coaxial way, the central heating column and the central water cooling column extend to the inner cavity of the mold shell heat preservation device, the intermediate heat shield is arranged in the middle of the side wall of the inner cavity of the mold shell heat preservation device, the lower heat shield is arranged in the lower part of the side wall of the inner cavity of the mold shell, and the central heat shield and the water cooling ring are arranged at the periphery of the crystallizer in the inner cavity of the mold shell heat preservation device; an upper induction coil is arranged on the outer side of the upper region, and a lower induction coil is arranged on the outer side of the lower region.