CN219700054U

CN219700054U - Safety auxiliary device for pleural cavity puncture operation

Info

Publication number: CN219700054U
Application number: CN202320068510.7U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 韩玥
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2022-02-19
Filing date: 2023-01-10
Publication date: 2023-09-19
Anticipated expiration: 2033-01-10

Abstract

A safety auxiliary device for pleural cavity puncture operation comprises a stainless steel telescopic tube, a stainless steel needle tube, a needle body, a gas or liquid supply device and a telescopic pushing device. The front end of the stainless steel needle tube is a needle tip, the tail end of the stainless steel needle tube is fixedly connected with one end of the needle body in a sealing way, the other end of the needle body is fixedly provided with a gas or liquid supply device in a sealing way, and a telescopic pushing device is arranged in the needle body; the stainless steel telescopic tube is positioned in the stainless steel needle tube and can move freely; the front end of the stainless steel telescopic tube is positioned at the needle tip of the stainless steel needle tube, the end is in a cambered surface closed state, and a needle tube hole for outputting gas or liquid is arranged; the tail end of the stainless steel telescopic tube extends out of the tail end of the stainless steel needle tube and enters the interior of the needle body, and is fixedly connected with the telescopic pushing device. The telescopic pushing device pushes the stainless steel telescopic tube to enable the front end of the stainless steel telescopic tube and part of needle tube holes to extend out of the needle tip of the front end of the stainless steel needle tube; the gas or liquid supply device is communicated with the stainless steel telescopic tube through the inner cavity of the needle body and is communicated with the needle tube hole.

Description

Safety auxiliary device for pleural cavity puncture operation

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the field of medical treatment, in particular to a safety auxiliary device for pleural cavity puncture operation.

Background

The normal pleural cavity of human body is a closed potential cavity gap (called pleural cavity) formed by the mutual turning and moving of the two layers of pleura and wall at the root of lung, which is composed of pleural layer closely attached to the surface of lung and pleural layer closely attached to the inner wall of thoracic cage, the left and right layers are not communicated with each other, and there is no gas (negative pressure state) in the cavity gap, only a small amount of slurry.

Conventional pleural cavity puncture surgery refers to pleural cavity puncture performed when gas and/or liquid appear in the pleural cavity, i.e., pneumothorax or pleural effusion occurs, and the gas and/or liquid in the pleural cavity is extracted, so that normal physiological functions are restored. The utility model specifically refers to that when a large amount of gas or liquid appears in the pleural cavity, the prior puncture needle is directly used for puncturing the pleural wall layer, the prior puncture needle enters the pleural cavity, the gas and/or the liquid is pumped out, and when the puncture operation is performed, the pleural wall layer and the pleural wall layer are in a separated state due to the large amount of gas and/or liquid existing in the pleural cavity, and the operation can be rapidly completed by using the prior puncture needle.

However, when a large amount of gas and/or liquid is present in the pleural cavity, the life of the patient is also extremely dangerous, and the patient may die in a very short time (the lung cannot breathe normally due to the pressure of the pleural layer due to the separation of the pleural layer and the pleural wall layer), so that the pleural cavity puncture operation should not be performed until a large amount of gas and/or liquid is present in the pleural cavity, but the puncture operation should be performed before the situation that a large amount of gas and/or liquid (hereinafter referred to as pneumothorax or hydrops) may be present in the pleural cavity is predicted. For example, the situation that pneumothorax or hydrops is likely to occur can be predicted in the thoracic operation process and after the occurrence of accidents, so that the pneumothorax or hydrops is preferably immediately performed in the pleural cavity puncture operation before the thoracic operation or after the occurrence of accidents, and thus, a large amount of gas or hydrops can be timely pumped out once the pleural cavity is generated in the thoracic operation process or after the occurrence of accidents, and the patient is prevented from entering the danger.

When a great amount of air or effusion is predicted to occur before the pleural cavity puncture operation, the pleural layer and the pleural wall layer are not in a separated state, so that the existing pleural cavity puncture needle is used for the puncture operation, it is difficult to ensure that the needle tip of the puncture needle does not damage the pleural layer on the lung surface, and the pleural layer is damaged, so that artificial lung damage is caused, namely pneumothorax, hematothorax and pneumothorax are caused artificially. Because of the excessive risk of puncturing the pleural layer in advance, the operation requirement on doctors is high, and the normal operation of various operations (thoracic operations) is limited. If the pleural cavity puncture operation cannot be performed in advance or in time in the accident, the patient may die due to pneumothorax or effusion without reaching the treatment site, and the opportunity of treatment is lost.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims to provide a safety auxiliary device for pleural cavity puncture operation. The safe auxiliary device can be used for puncturing before thoracic surgery or after accidents happen, a proper amount of gas or liquid is injected between the pleural layer and the pleural wall layer, a safe artificial pneumothorax is locally manufactured or a pleural effusion is artificially manufactured, a doctor can conveniently use the existing pleural cavity puncture needle to perform the pleural cavity puncture surgery, the normal operation of various surgeries such as thoracic surgery can be ensured, pneumothorax or effusion is prevented from being formed after accidents happen, and longer treatment time is not provided.

The safety auxiliary device for the pleural cavity puncture operation comprises a stainless steel telescopic tube, a stainless steel needle tube, a needle body, a gas or liquid supply device and a telescopic pushing device;

the front end of the stainless steel needle tube is a needle tip for puncturing, and the tail end of the stainless steel needle tube is fixedly connected with the needle body in a sealing way;

the needle body is in a hollow strip shape, one end of the needle body is fixedly connected with the tail end of the stainless steel needle tube in a sealing way, the other end of the needle body is fixedly provided with the gas or liquid supply device in a sealing way, and the inner part of the needle body is provided with the telescopic pushing device for pushing the stainless steel telescopic tube to linearly move;

the stainless steel telescopic tube is positioned inside the stainless steel needle tube and can freely move inside the stainless steel needle tube;

the front end of the stainless steel telescopic tube is positioned at the needle tip end of the stainless steel needle tube, the end is a closed arc surface, and a needle tube hole for outputting gas or liquid is arranged; the tail end of the stainless steel telescopic tube extends out of the tail end of the stainless steel needle tube and enters the needle body, the tail end of the stainless steel telescopic tube is fixedly connected with the telescopic pushing device, and the telescopic pushing device pushes the stainless steel telescopic tube to enable the front end of the stainless steel telescopic tube and part of needle tube holes to extend out of the needle tip of the front end of the stainless steel needle tube;

the gas or liquid supply device is communicated with the stainless steel telescopic tube through a cavity in the needle body and is communicated with the needle tube hole.

Preferably, the needle body is a hollow transparent plastic cylinder, the telescopic pushing device is positioned in the cavity, and the needle body is provided with a concave-convex surface on the outer surface of the cylinder, which is convenient for a user to hold.

Preferably, a Y-shaped plastic hose is tightly arranged outside the stainless steel needle tube, and the Y-shaped plastic hose comprises an insertion tube for inserting the stainless steel needle tube and an extraction tube for extracting gas or effusion.

Preferably, the Y-shaped plastic hose further comprises a rubber plug for blocking the tail end of the insertion tube.

Preferably, the telescopic pushing device comprises a rubber stopper fixed at the tail end of the stainless steel telescopic tube, and a compression spring is arranged between the rubber stopper and the gas or liquid supply device.

Preferably, the gas or liquid supply means is a vent plug capable of communicating the interior cavity of the needle with the atmosphere.

Preferably, the gas or liquid supply means comprises a valve seat, a gas chamber and a tap gas valve; the valve seat is internally provided with a communication groove which is communicated with the inner cavity of the needle body and the air chamber, the cock air valve is connected with the valve seat in an inserting way, and the cock air valve is internally provided with a valve hole for conducting or closing the communication groove.

Preferably, the stainless steel needle tube is fixedly connected with one end of the needle body in a sealing way through the positioning block.

Preferably, two needle tube holes are in a strip oval shape and symmetrically distributed at the front end of the stainless steel telescopic tube.

Preferably, the outer surfaces of the stainless steel needle tube and the Y-shaped plastic hose are provided with scales.

The safety auxiliary device can be used for puncturing a horse before operations such as thoracic cavity and the like and after accidents happen, and a proper amount of gas or liquid is injected between the pleural dirty layer and the pleural wall layer to locally manufacture a safe artificial pneumothorax or artificially manufacture a pleural effusion, so that doctors can conveniently use the existing pleural cavity puncture needle to perform the pleural cavity puncture operations. Meanwhile, the device has the advantages of simple structure, simple and convenient operation and convenient grasping by doctors, and can reduce the occurrence of complications in the operation process.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a safety auxiliary device according to a first embodiment of the utility model.

Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the safety assistance device of fig. 1 along a center line.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a safety auxiliary device during a puncture operation according to a first embodiment of the present utility model, showing a structure in which a stainless steel bellows is in a retracted state.

Fig. 4 is an enlarged schematic view at a in fig. 2.

Fig. 5 is an enlarged schematic view of the front end of the stainless steel telescopic tube according to the present utility model.

FIG. 6 is an enlarged cross-sectional schematic view of the front end of the stainless steel telescoping tube of the present utility model.

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a safety auxiliary device in a second embodiment of the utility model.

Fig. 8 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure at B in fig. 7.

Fig. 9 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure at C in fig. 7.

Fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a Y-shaped plastic hose and rubber stopper sub-combination in the second embodiment of the present utility model.

Description of the figure:

1, a stainless steel telescopic pipe; 2 stainless steel needle tube; 3Y-shaped plastic hose; 4, a rubber stop block; 5 needle body; 6, a telescopic pushing device; 7 a gas or liquid supply means; 8 rubber plugs; 9 compressing the spring; 10 cavities; 11 needle tips; 12 through holes; 13 a cock air valve; 14 air chambers; 15 valve holes; 16 communicating grooves; 17 valve seats; 18 insert slots; 19 positioning a clamping block; 21 needle tube holes; 22 an insertion tube; 23 eduction tube; 24 a vent plug; 25 vent holes; 26 micro-wells.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described below are some embodiments of the present utility model, but not all embodiments, only for illustrating the present utility model, and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present utility model. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present utility model without making any inventive effort, shall fall within the scope of the present utility model.

As shown in fig. 1 and 7, the safety auxiliary device for pleural cavity puncture operation in the present utility model comprises a stainless steel telescopic tube 1, a stainless steel needle tube 2, a needle body 5, a gas or liquid supply device 7 and a telescopic pushing device 6. The specific structure may be implemented in a variety of different implementations, and the structures in the embodiments may be combined with each other to form further embodiments. The method comprises the following steps:

example 1

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the needle body 5 in the first embodiment is made of a transparent material, preferably transparent plastic, and is integrally formed by processing. The needle body 5 is a hollow long strip, preferably a hollow cylinder, and may have a concave-convex surface formed on the outer surface of the cylinder for the user to grasp. The needle body 5 is internally formed with a cavity 10 for accommodating and arranging the telescopic pushing means 6.

The front end of the stainless steel needle tube 2 is a needle tip 11 for puncture, and the tail end is fixedly connected with one end of the needle body 5 in a sealing way. Preferably, the needle body 5 and the stainless steel needle tube 2 are fixed by positioning the positioning fixture block 19, and can also be directly fixed by injection molding to form a non-detachable whole, and the specific connection structure among the stainless steel needle tube 2, the needle body 5 and the positioning fixture block 19 is easy to be realized by a person skilled in the art, and only needs to be in sealing and fixed connection, which is not described in detail herein.

The stainless steel telescopic tube 1 is inserted into and penetrates through the stainless steel needle tube 2, can linearly move in the stainless steel needle tube 2, and can freely rotate. Specifically, the front end of the stainless steel telescopic tube 1 is positioned at the needle tip 11 of the stainless steel needle tube 2, the end is in a cambered surface closed shape, and is optimally in a hemispherical closed shape, so that the damage of pleural dirty layers can be effectively prevented in the puncturing process, as shown in fig. 4, and one or more needle tube holes 21 are formed in the front end of the stainless steel telescopic tube 1. As shown in fig. 5 and 6, preferably, two elongated elliptical holes are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the tube wall at the front end of the stainless steel telescopic tube 1, and gas or liquid can be rapidly output from the needle tube hole 21 and enter into the pleural cavity through the arrangement of the two elongated elliptical needle tube holes 21. The tail end of the stainless steel telescopic tube 1 passes through the stainless steel needle tube 2 and enters the interior of the needle body 5 to be fixedly connected with the telescopic pushing device 6.

As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the telescopic pushing device 6 comprises a rubber stopper 4 and a compression spring 9, wherein the rubber stopper 4 is fixedly connected with the tail end of the stainless steel telescopic tube 1. Preferably, the tail end of the stainless steel telescopic tube 1 passes through the through hole 12 in the middle of the rubber stop block 4 and is tightly matched, installed and fixed, so that the stainless steel telescopic tube 1 and the rubber stop block 4 can synchronously move. One end of the compression spring 9 is sleeved outside the tail end of the stainless steel telescopic tube 1 and is in propping connection with the rubber stop block 4 (can also be in fixed connection), the other end of the compression spring is in propping connection with the gas or liquid supply device 7, and is used for pushing the stainless steel telescopic tube 1 and the rubber stop block 4 to prop against the inner side wall surface of one end of the needle body 5 connected with the stainless steel needle tube 2, the front end of the stainless steel telescopic tube 1 extends out of the needle tip 11 of the stainless steel needle tube 2, the distance of the extending needle tip 11 is optimally 1-2mm, only part of the needle tube hole 21 is exposed out of the needle tip 11, and when the front end of the stainless steel telescopic tube 1 which is in an arc surface is pushed by external force, as shown in fig. 3, 4 and 8, the needle tube hole 21 completely enters the stainless steel needle tube 2 when the stainless steel telescopic tube 1 is retracted into the stainless steel needle tube 2.

As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the gas or liquid supply device 7 includes a tap valve 13, a gas chamber 14 and a valve seat 17. Wherein the valve seat 17 is fixedly connected with the other end of the needle body 5 (the end opposite to the fixedly-mounted stainless steel needle tube 2) in a sealing way.

Preferably, the air chamber 14 is installed at the end of the valve seat 17 which is not connected with the needle body 15, and the valve seat 17 is communicated with or closes the needle body 5 and the air chamber 14 through the cock air valve 13. Specifically, a communication groove 16 for communicating the cavity 10 of the needle body 5 with the air chamber 14 and an insertion groove 18 for inserting the cock air valve 13 are arranged in the valve seat 17, and the connection groove 16 and the insertion groove 18 are vertically staggered in the valve seat 17. The cock valve 13 is provided with a valve hole 15, and after the cock valve 13 is vertically inserted into the insertion groove 18 of the valve seat 17, the valve hole 15 is not in the same straight line with the communication groove 16 in a normal state, the cock valve 13 blocks the communication groove 16, the communication groove 16 can be conducted by the valve hole 15 by rotating the cock valve 13, and the flow rate of the gas entering the needle body 5 can be adjusted by rotating the cock valve 13, so that the speed of the gas entering the pleural cavity can be adjusted.

The air chamber 14 is preferably a plastic air chamber, which contains compressed air, or a plastic liquid bottle, for delivering liquid into the pleural cavity. The cock air valve 13 can also be a valve body structure with a plug-in structure.

Working principle: when the safety auxiliary device is used for operation, a doctor firstly determines the thickness from the skin of a puncture needle point to the pleural wall layer through medical images CT, ultrasound and the like, then gradually punctures the needle tip 11 of the stainless steel needle tube 2, and in the puncturing process, the stainless steel telescopic tube 1 is retracted into the stainless steel needle tube 2 due to the resistance of human tissues (such as skin, subcutaneous tissue, muscle, pleural wall layer and the like) as shown in fig. 3, and meanwhile, the rubber stop block 4 pushes the compression spring 9 along with the stainless steel telescopic tube 1. With the penetration of the needle tip 11 until the pleural layer is penetrated, the instant resistance of the pleural layer is disappeared because of the negative pressure between the pleural layer and the pleural layer, the stainless steel telescopic tube 1 is pushed by the compression spring 9 to automatically extend and jack the pleural layer by 1-2mm, so that the pleural layer and the lung are not stabbed by the needle tip 11 of the stainless steel needle tube 2, at the moment, a doctor opens the cock air valve 13, the compressed air sealed in the air chamber 14 automatically enters into the pleural cavity of a human body, and a local artificial safe pneumothorax is formed between the pleural layer and the pleural layer. After the artificial safe pneumothorax is formed, a doctor can use the existing pleural cavity puncture needle to perform puncture operation, so that the safety of the puncture operation is ensured. The safety auxiliary device in the embodiment can immediately perform the pleural cavity puncture operation before or after the operation of the thoracic cavity and the like, so as to avoid the occurrence of accidents such as death and the like caused by pneumothorax formed by emergency conditions or untimely pneumothorax after the accident in the thoracic cavity operation process.

Example two

The structure of the second embodiment is basically the same as that of the first embodiment, except that a Y-shaped plastic hose 3 is sleeved outside the stainless steel needle tube 2, as shown in fig. 7, the Y-shaped plastic hose 3 includes an insertion tube 22 and an extraction tube 23, and a rubber plug 8 capable of being inserted and removed is disposed at the end of the insertion tube 22. The stainless steel needle tube 2 is inserted into the insertion tube 22 of the Y-shaped plastic hose 3, and the Y-shaped plastic hose 3 is a thin-wall hose with the wall thickness of 0.2-0.4mm and is tightly covered outside the stainless steel needle tube 2, so that the insertion tube 22 can enter the human body along with the stainless steel needle tube 2.

Specifically, during the penetration process of the safety auxiliary device, the stainless steel telescopic tube 1 is retracted into the stainless steel needle tube 2 due to the resistance, and along with the penetration of the needle tip 11, the Y-shaped plastic hose 3 also enters the human body together until the pleural wall layer is penetrated, and the stainless steel telescopic tube 1 is automatically stretched out under the pushing of the compression spring 9 and pushes the pleural layer open, so that the pleural layer and the lung organ are not stabbed by the needle tip 11. At this time, the doctor opens the cock valve 13, and the compressed air enclosed in the air chamber 14 automatically enters the body, so that a local artificial safe pneumothorax is formed between the pleural layer and the pleural layer. At this time, the stainless steel needle tube 2 can be further pushed to enable the stainless steel needle tube 2 and the Y-shaped plastic tube 3 to further enter, after the required penetration depth is confirmed, the Y-shaped plastic tube 3 is fixed by one hand of a doctor, the plastic needle body 5 is held by the other hand of the doctor, the stainless steel needle tube 2 is slowly pulled out, and the stainless steel needle tube 2 and the stainless steel telescopic tube 1 are pulled out together, so that only the Y-shaped plastic tube 3 is left in the body. And the rubber stopper 8 is inserted into the tail end of the insertion tube 22 to block the inlet end 26 of the insertion tube 22. So, can utilize the Y-shaped plastic pipe 3 that remains in the body, export the gas of air chamber 14 input from the extraction tube 23, gas or liquid when can form the pneumothorax fast in the thoracic operation process is in time derived through the extraction tube 23 moreover, avoid the thoracic operation process to break out and form the pneumothorax or the unexpected emergence pneumothorax of back untimely and lead to the unexpected emergence of life. In addition, by using the Y-shaped plastic tube 3 left in the body, gas or liquid can be input through the eduction tube 23, which is used by doctors according to the operation requirement.

Example III

The structure of the third embodiment is basically the same as that of the second embodiment, except that the gas or liquid supply device 7 is a ventilation plug 24, as shown in fig. 7, the ventilation plug 24 is integrally formed by plastic materials, a ventilation hole 25 is arranged in the middle, the small end of the ventilation plug 24 is directly inserted into the needle body 5 and is abutted with the compression spring 9, and the ventilation hole 25 is communicated with the cavity 10 of the needle body 5.

The method specifically comprises the following steps: the needle tip 11 of the stainless steel needle tube 2 is gradually penetrated until the pleural wall layer is penetrated, the resistance disappears, the stainless steel telescopic tube 1 is pushed by the compression spring 9 to automatically extend and jack the pleural dirty layer, air can enter the space between the pleural wall layer and the pleural dirty layer through the vent hole 25 of the vent plug 24, the cavity 10 of the needle body 5 and the stainless steel telescopic tube 1, a certain amount of air is introduced, a safe pneumothorax is formed between the pleural wall layer and the pleural dirty layer after certain amount of air is introduced, the stainless steel needle tube 2 and the Y-shaped plastic tube 3 are further pushed in, after the required penetration depth is confirmed, a doctor fixes the Y-shaped plastic tube 3 by one hand, the needle body 5 is held by the other hand to slowly withdraw the stainless steel needle tube 2 and the stainless steel telescopic tube 1, only the Y-shaped plastic tube 3 is left in the body, the insertion hole of the insertion tube 22 of the Y-shaped plastic tube 3 is sealed by the rubber plug 8, and at the moment, the doctor can lead out the air introduced between the wall layer and the pleural dirty layer from the other guide tube 23 of the Y-shaped plastic tube 3 according to the requirement. In this way the air chamber 14 can be eliminated and surgery can be performed in more urgent situations.

Preferably, scales (not shown in the figure) are arranged on the surfaces of the stainless steel needle tube 2 and the Y-shaped plastic tube 3, so that a doctor can know the length of the stainless steel needle tube 2 and the Y-shaped plastic tube 3 entering the human body easily and clearly during operation.

The foregoing has outlined the basic principles and main features of the present utility model and the advantages of the present utility model. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present utility model is not limited to the above embodiments, which are described merely to illustrate the principles of the utility model, and that various changes and modifications can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A safety auxiliary device for pleural cavity puncture surgery, which is characterized by comprising a stainless steel telescopic tube (1), a stainless steel needle tube (2), a needle body (5), a gas or liquid supply device (7) and a telescopic pushing device (6);

the front end of the stainless steel needle tube (2) is a needle tip (11) for puncturing, and the tail end is fixedly connected with the needle body (5) in a sealing way;

the needle body (5) is hollow and long, one end of the needle body (5) is fixedly connected with the tail end of the stainless steel needle tube (2) in a sealing way, the other end of the needle body is fixedly provided with the gas or liquid supply device (7) in a sealing way, and the telescopic pushing device (6) for pushing the stainless steel telescopic tube (1) to linearly move is arranged in the needle body (5);

the stainless steel telescopic tube (1) is positioned inside the stainless steel needle tube (2) and can freely move inside the stainless steel needle tube (2);

the front end of the stainless steel telescopic tube (1) is positioned at the needle tip of the stainless steel needle tube (2), the end is a closed arc surface, and a needle tube hole (21) for outputting gas or liquid is arranged; the tail end of the stainless steel telescopic tube (1) extends out of the tail end of the stainless steel needle tube (2) and enters the needle body (5), and the tail end of the stainless steel telescopic tube (1) is fixedly connected with the telescopic pushing device (6); the telescopic pushing device (6) pushes the stainless steel telescopic tube (1) to enable the front end of the stainless steel telescopic tube (1) and part of needle tube holes (21) to extend out of the needle tip (11) at the front end of the stainless steel needle tube (2);

the gas or liquid supply device (7) is communicated with the stainless steel telescopic tube (1) through a cavity (10) in the needle body (5) and is communicated with the needle tube hole (21).

2. The safety aid for pleural cavity puncture surgery according to claim 1, wherein the needle body (5) is a hollow transparent plastic cylinder, the telescopic pushing device (6) is located in the cavity (10), and the needle body (5) is formed with a concave-convex surface on the outer surface of the cylinder for facilitating the holding of a user.

3. Safety aid for pleural cavity puncture surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that a Y-shaped plastic hose (3) is tightly arranged outside the stainless steel needle tube (2), the Y-shaped plastic hose (3) comprising an insertion tube (22) for inserting the stainless steel needle tube (2), an extraction tube (23) for extracting gas or effusion.

4. A safety aid for pleural cavity puncture surgery according to claim 3, characterized in that the Y-shaped plastic hose (3) further comprises a rubber plug (8) for plugging the tail end of the insertion tube (22).

5. Safety aid for pleural cavity puncture surgery according to any of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the telescopic pushing means (6) comprise a rubber stopper (4) fixed at the tail end of the stainless steel telescopic tube (1), a compression spring (9) between the rubber stopper (4) and the gas or liquid supply means (7).

6. Safety aid for a pleural cavity puncture surgery according to any of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the gas or liquid supply (7) is a vent plug (24) which communicates between the lumen (10) of the needle (5) and the atmosphere.

7. Safety aid for pleural cavity puncture surgery according to any of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the gas or liquid supply (7) comprises a valve seat (17), a gas chamber (14) and a tap gas valve (13); a communication groove (16) for communicating the inner cavity (10) of the needle body (5) with the air chamber (14) is formed in the valve seat (17), the cock air valve (13) is connected with the valve seat (17) in an inserting mode, and a valve hole (15) for conducting or closing the communication groove (16) is formed in the cock air valve (13).

8. Safety aid for pleural cavity puncture surgery according to any of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the stainless steel needle tube (2) is fixedly connected with one end of the needle body (5) via a positioning block (19) in a sealing manner.

9. Safety aid for pleural cavity puncture surgery according to any of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the needle tube holes (21) are two, elongated oval, symmetrically distributed at the front end of the stainless steel telescopic tube (1).

10. Safety aid for pleural cavity puncture surgery according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the outer surface of the stainless steel needle tube (2) and the Y-shaped plastic hose (3) are provided with graduations.