CN219696642U - Explosion-proof valve, battery and power utilization device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of batteries, and provides an explosion-proof valve, a battery and an electricity utilization device, wherein the explosion-proof valve comprises: the base is used for being installed on the box body and provided with a through hole; the top cover comprises a cover plate and a connecting rod which are connected, the cover plate is covered on the base, and the connecting rod is movably penetrated in the through hole; the elastic piece is sleeved on the connecting rod, and the cover plate is in sealing abutting connection with the base under the action of self elastic restoring force; the limiting block is connected to the connecting rod, the limiting block and the elastic piece are sequentially arranged along the extending direction of the connecting rod, and the limiting block can be heated and melted to enlarge the deformation space of the elastic piece. The explosion-proof valve provided by the embodiment of the utility model can improve the tightness of the explosion-proof valve in an initial state and does not influence the opening speed of the explosion-proof valve.

Description

Explosion-proof valve, battery and power utilization device

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of electrochemical devices, in particular to an explosion-proof valve, a battery and an electric device.

Background

Energy conservation and emission reduction are key to sustainable development of the automobile industry, and electric vehicles become an important component of sustainable development of the automobile industry due to the energy conservation and environmental protection advantages of the electric vehicles. For electric vehicles, battery technology is an important factor in the development of the electric vehicles.

With the gradual increase of market share of electric automobiles, the requirements on the safety performance of batteries are also higher and higher. The explosion-proof valve is usually installed on the box body of the battery and is controlled to be opened by a spring. The explosion-proof valve needs to ensure good sealing performance in an initial state, and meanwhile, the explosion-proof valve needs to be opened rapidly when the internal battery core is out of control, and high-pressure gas in the power battery is released.

Disclosure of Invention

Therefore, the embodiment of the utility model provides an explosion-proof valve, a battery and an electric device, which can improve the tightness of the explosion-proof valve in an initial state and do not influence the opening speed of the explosion-proof valve.

An embodiment of the first aspect of the present utility model proposes an explosion-proof valve comprising:

the base is used for being installed on the box body and is provided with a through hole;

the top cover comprises a cover plate and a connecting rod which are connected, the cover plate is covered on the base, and the connecting rod is movably arranged in the through hole in a penetrating way;

the elastic piece is sleeved on the connecting rod, and the cover plate is in sealing contact with the base under the action of self elastic restoring force;

the limiting block is connected to the connecting rod, the limiting block and the elastic piece are sequentially arranged along the extending direction of the connecting rod, and the limiting block can be heated and melted to enlarge the deformation space of the elastic piece.

The explosion-proof valve provided by the embodiment of the utility model comprises a base, a top cover, an elastic piece and a limiting block, wherein in an initial state, the elastic piece applies elastic force to the top cover to enable the top cover to be fixed on the base, the elastic force of the elastic piece is larger, and the tightness of the explosion-proof valve is better; when the temperature in the battery is high, the high-temperature gas in the battery can quickly melt the limiting block, and the melted limiting block can release a certain deformation space to the compressed elastic piece, so that the compression force of the elastic piece is reduced; along with the reduction of the compression force of the elastic piece, the opening pressure of the top cover can be correspondingly reduced, and the explosion-proof valve can be rapidly opened under lower pressure to release high-temperature and high-pressure gas in the battery. Therefore, the explosion-proof valve provided by the embodiment of the utility model not only can improve the initial tightness of the explosion-proof valve, but also can enable the explosion-proof valve to have a higher opening speed, reduce the probability of thermal failure of the battery and improve the safety performance of the battery.

In some embodiments, a mounting hole is formed in the middle of the limiting block, and the limiting block is sleeved and fixed on the connecting rod through the mounting hole.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, locate the stopper cover on the connecting rod, the equipment mode is simple and convenient.

In some embodiments, the connecting rod includes a rod body penetrating through the through hole and a limiting piece arranged at one end of the rod body, which is away from the base, and the limiting piece is used for limiting the elastic piece and/or the limiting piece in the expansion direction of the elastic piece.

By adopting the technical scheme, the limiting piece can limit the elastic piece and/or the limiting block, so that the elastic piece and/or the limiting block is prevented from falling off the connecting rod in an initial state; the elastic piece can also provide elastic force towards the inside of the box body for the limiting piece, and the sealing performance of the explosion-proof valve in the initial state is good.

In some embodiments, the stop is integrally formed with the rod, threaded, welded, interference fit, or fixedly attached by a fastener.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the structure and the equipment mode of locating part are nimble various.

In some embodiments, the limiting block is disposed on a side of the elastic member facing away from the base, and/or the limiting block is disposed on a side of the elastic member facing toward the base.

By adopting the technical scheme, the limiting block can be arranged on any side of the elastic piece, and in an initial state, the limiting block can compress the elastic piece to improve the tightness of the explosion-proof valve; after the limiting block is melted, the limiting block can release space for the elastic piece.

In some embodiments, at least one of the elastic member and the stopper is a plurality in number.

By adopting the technical scheme, the quantity of the elastic pieces and the limiting blocks can be adjusted according to the requirements, so that the compression quantity and the elasticity of the elastic pieces in the initial state can be conveniently adjusted.

In some embodiments, the explosion protection valve further comprises a first seal disposed between the base and the cover plate.

By adopting the technical scheme, the first sealing piece can be compressed by the cover plate and is in sealing connection between the base and the cover plate, so that the sealing performance of the explosion-proof valve is improved.

In some embodiments, the explosion protection valve further comprises a second seal disposed on a side of the base facing the tank.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the clearance between base and the box can be sealed to the second sealing member, has promoted the sealing performance of explosion-proof valve.

In some embodiments, the melting point of the stopper is T, satisfying: t is more than or equal to 100 ℃ and less than or equal to 190 ℃.

By adopting the technical scheme, when the battery is in thermal runaway, the limiting block can be melted to release the pressure in the box body; if T is smaller (for example, less than 100 ℃), the limiting block can be melted when the battery does not reach thermal runaway, and the sealing reliability of the explosion-proof valve is lower; if T is larger (for example, the temperature is higher than 190 ℃), the limiting block is difficult to melt when the battery is in thermal runaway, the opening speed of the explosion-proof valve is influenced, and the pressure release sensitivity is lower.

In some embodiments, T.ltoreq.130℃. By adopting the technical scheme, the battery thermal runaway condition is controlled more accurately.

In some embodiments, the stopper is made of a non-metal material.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the fusing point of stopper can satisfy above-mentioned condition, and the stopper can melt in order to reduce the elasticity of elastic component and promote the opening speed of explosion-proof valve when thermal runaway.

In some embodiments, the stopper is a thermoplastic block.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the fusing point of stopper is lower and the quality is lighter, can melt in order to promote the opening speed of explosion-proof valve when battery thermal runaway.

In some embodiments, the base is provided with a fixing hole, and the base is fixed on the box body through the fixing hole.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the connected mode of base and box is simple, and packaging efficiency is higher.

In some embodiments, the base comprises a bottom plate and a side plate protruding from the periphery of the bottom plate, the bottom plate and the side plate enclose a groove, and the cover plate is accommodated in the groove.

By adopting the technical scheme, the grooves of the base can accommodate the cover plate and limit the cover plate; when the explosion-proof valve is opened, the cover plate moves towards the direction away from the bottom plate, and gas in the battery box body can be discharged from the through holes and flows out to the outside through a gap between the cover plate and the base.

An embodiment of the second aspect of the present utility model proposes a battery comprising an explosion-proof valve as provided in the first aspect, said explosion-proof valve being fixed to a casing of said battery.

An embodiment of the third aspect of the utility model proposes an electrical device comprising a battery as provided in the second aspect.

The foregoing description is only an overview of the present utility model, and is intended to be implemented in accordance with the teachings of the present utility model in order that the same may be more clearly understood and to make the same and other objects, features and advantages of the present utility model more readily apparent.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present utility model, the drawings that are required to be used in the description of the embodiments or the conventional techniques will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort to those of ordinary skill in the art.

FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a vehicle according to some embodiments of the utility model;

fig. 2 is a schematic view of a battery according to some embodiments of the present utility model;

FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of an explosion protection valve provided in some embodiments of the present utility model;

FIG. 4 is a top view of the explosion valve shown in FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a side view of the explosion valve shown in FIG. 3;

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the explosion valve shown in FIG. 5 taken along line A-A;

FIG. 7 is a side view of an explosion valve in another embodiment of the present utility model;

fig. 8 is a side view of an explosion protection valve in yet another embodiment of the present utility model.

The meaning of the labels in the figures is:

1000. a vehicle;

100. a battery; 10. a case; 11. a first portion; 12. a second portion; 20. a battery cell; 200. a controller; 300. a motor;

30. an explosion-proof valve; 31. a base; 311. a bottom plate; 3111. a through hole; 3112. a fixing hole; 312. a side plate; 313. a groove; 32. a top cover; 321. a cover plate; 322. a connecting rod; 3221. a rod body; 3222. a limiting piece; 33. an elastic member; 34. a limiting block; 35. a first seal; 36. and a second seal.

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the technical scheme of the present utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for more clearly illustrating the technical aspects of the present utility model, and thus are merely examples, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present utility model.

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this utility model belongs; the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the utility model; the terms "comprising" and "having" and any variations thereof in the description of the utility model and the claims and the description of the drawings above are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion.

In the description of embodiments of the present utility model, the technical terms "first," "second," and the like are used merely to distinguish between different objects and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated, a particular order or a primary or secondary relationship. In the description of the embodiments of the present utility model, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more unless explicitly defined otherwise.

Reference herein to "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the utility model. The appearances of such phrases in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments. Those of skill in the art will explicitly and implicitly appreciate that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.

In the description of the embodiments of the present utility model, the term "and/or" is merely an association relationship describing an association object, and indicates that three relationships may exist, for example, a and/or B may indicate: a exists alone, A and B exist together, and B exists alone. In addition, the character "/" herein generally indicates that the front and rear associated objects are an "or" relationship.

In the description of the embodiments of the present utility model, the term "plurality" means two or more (including two), and similarly, "plural sets" means two or more (including two), and "plural sheets" means two or more (including two).

In the description of the embodiments of the present utility model, the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the technical terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are merely for convenience of describing the embodiments of the present utility model and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or element to be referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present utility model.

In the description of the embodiments of the present utility model, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured" and the like should be construed broadly and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; or may be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communicated with the inside of two elements or the interaction relationship of the two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of the present utility model will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to specific circumstances.

The explosion-proof valve is usually arranged on the box body of the battery, the explosion-proof valve needs to ensure good sealing performance in an initial state, meanwhile, the explosion-proof valve also needs to be opened rapidly when the internal battery core is out of control, and high-pressure gas in the power battery is released.

It has been found that with conventional explosion-proof valves, the spring is in a compressed state in an initial state to seal the explosion-proof valve. When the pressure in the box body is too high, the pressure difference between the inside and the outside is larger than the elasticity of the spring, the explosion-proof valve is opened at the moment, and the internal gas can be timely discharged out of the battery pack. In order to ensure the tightness of the explosion-proof valve, the spring needs to have a certain initial compression amount, which leads to higher internal and external pressure difference when the explosion-proof valve is opened, and the explosion-proof valve is opened with a certain hysteresis under the high pressure condition; if the initial compression of the spring is reduced, the opening response is faster although the opening pressure of the high pressure can be reduced, but under the initial condition (when the internal and external pressure differences are balanced), the explosion-proof valve has the risk of air tightness failure. Therefore, the initial sealability of the explosion-proof valve and the opening speed are contradictory.

In order to solve the above problems, an explosion-proof valve has been designed, which is capable of improving the initial sealability of the explosion-proof valve without affecting the opening speed of the explosion-proof valve, through intensive studies. The explosion-proof valve provided by the embodiment of the utility model comprises a base, a top cover, an elastic piece and a limiting block, wherein the base is used for being installed on a box body, and a through hole is formed in the base; the top cover comprises a cover plate and a connecting rod which are connected, the cover plate is covered on the base, and the connecting rod is movably penetrated in the through hole; the elastic piece is sleeved on the connecting rod, and the cover plate is in sealing abutting connection with the base under the action of self elastic restoring force; the stopper is connected in the connecting rod, and the stopper sets gradually along the extending direction of connecting rod with the elastic component, and the stopper can be heated the melting in order to increase the deformation space of elastic component. In the initial state, the elastic piece applies elastic force to the top cover to enable the cover plate to be fixed on the base, so that the sealing performance of the explosion-proof valve is good; when thermal runaway occurs, high-temperature gas in the battery can quickly melt the limiting block, the melted limiting block can release a certain deformation space for the compressed elastic piece, and the elastic piece is elastically deformed and reduces compression force; along with the reduction of the compression force of the elastic piece, the opening pressure of the top cover can be correspondingly reduced, so that the explosion-proof valve can be ensured to be opened rapidly under lower pressure, and the high-temperature and high-pressure gas in the battery is released. Therefore, the scheme provided by the embodiment of the utility model can not only improve the initial tightness of the explosion-proof valve, but also enable the explosion-proof valve to have a higher opening speed, thereby improving the safety performance of the battery.

The embodiment of the utility model provides an electric device using a battery as a power supply, wherein the electric device can be, but is not limited to, a mobile phone, a tablet, a notebook computer, an electric toy, an electric tool, a battery car, an electric car, a ship, a spacecraft and the like. Among them, the electric toy may include fixed or mobile electric toys, such as game machines, electric car toys, electric ship toys, electric plane toys, and the like, and the spacecraft may include planes, rockets, space planes, and spacecraft, and the like.

For convenience of description, the following embodiment will take an electric device according to an embodiment of the present utility model as an example of the vehicle 1000.

Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle 1000 according to some embodiments of the utility model. The vehicle 1000 may be a fuel oil vehicle, a gas vehicle or a new energy vehicle, and the new energy vehicle may be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle or a range-extended vehicle. The battery 100 is provided in the interior of the vehicle 1000, and the battery 100 may be provided at the bottom or the head or the tail of the vehicle 1000. The battery 100 may be used for power supply of the vehicle 1000, for example, the battery 100 may be used as an operating power source of the vehicle 1000. The vehicle 1000 may also include a controller 200 and a motor 300, the controller 200 being configured to control the battery 100 to power the motor 300, for example, for operating power requirements during start-up, navigation, and travel of the vehicle 1000.

In some embodiments of the present utility model, battery 100 may not only serve as an operating power source for vehicle 1000, but may also serve as a driving power source for vehicle 1000, instead of or in part instead of fuel oil or natural gas, to provide driving power for vehicle 1000.

Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is an exploded view of a battery 100 according to some embodiments of the present utility model. In some embodiments, the battery 100 includes a case 10 and a battery cell 20, the battery cell 20 being accommodated in the case 10.

The case 10 is used to provide an accommodating space for the battery cells, and the case 10 may take various structures. In some embodiments, the case 10 may include a first portion 11 and a second portion 12, the first portion 11 and the second portion 12 being overlapped with each other, the first portion 11 and the second portion 12 together defining an accommodating space for accommodating the battery cell. The second portion 12 may be a hollow structure with one end opened, the first portion 11 may be a plate-shaped structure, and the first portion 11 covers the opening side of the second portion 12, so that the first portion 11 and the second portion 12 together define a containing space; the first portion 11 and the second portion 12 may be hollow structures each having an opening at one side, and the opening side of the first portion 11 is engaged with the opening side of the second portion 12. Of course, the case 10 formed by the first portion 11 and the second portion 12 may be of various shapes, such as a cylinder, a rectangular parallelepiped, or the like.

Referring to fig. 1 to 4, in the battery 100, the number of the battery cells 20 may be plural, and the plurality of battery cells 20 may be connected in series or parallel or a series-parallel connection, wherein the series-parallel connection refers to that the plurality of battery cells 20 are connected in series or parallel. The plurality of battery cells 20 can be directly connected in series or in parallel or in series-parallel, and then the whole formed by the plurality of battery cells 20 is accommodated in the box 10; of course, the battery 100 may also be a battery module formed by connecting a plurality of battery cells 20 in series or parallel or series-parallel connection, and a plurality of battery modules are then connected in series or parallel or series-parallel connection to form a whole and are accommodated in the case 10. The battery 100 may further include other structures, for example, the battery 100 may further include a bus member for making electrical connection between the plurality of battery cells 20.

Wherein each battery cell 20 may be a secondary battery or a primary battery; but not limited to, lithium sulfur batteries, sodium ion batteries, or magnesium ion batteries. The battery cell 20 may be in the shape of a cylinder, a flat body, a rectangular parallelepiped, or other shapes, etc.

The battery cell 20 includes an electrode assembly including a positive electrode sheet and a negative electrode sheet, and an electrolyte. The battery cell mainly relies on metal ions to move between the positive and negative electrode plates to operate. The positive plate comprises a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material layer, wherein the positive electrode active material layer is coated on the surface of the positive electrode current collector, the positive electrode current collector without the positive electrode active material layer protrudes out of the positive electrode current collector coated with the positive electrode active material layer, and the positive electrode current collector without the positive electrode active material layer is used as a positive electrode lug. Taking a lithium ion battery as an example, the material of the positive electrode current collector may be aluminum, and the positive electrode active material may be lithium cobaltate, lithium iron phosphate, ternary lithium, lithium manganate or the like. The negative electrode sheet comprises a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material layer, wherein the negative electrode active material layer is coated on the surface of the negative electrode current collector, the negative electrode current collector without the negative electrode active material layer protrudes out of the negative electrode current collector coated with the negative electrode active material layer, and the negative electrode current collector without the negative electrode active material layer is used as a negative electrode tab. The material of the negative electrode current collector may be copper, and the negative electrode active material may be carbon, silicon, or the like. In order to ensure that the high current is passed without fusing, the number of positive electrode lugs is multiple and stacked together, and the number of negative electrode lugs is multiple and stacked together.

The electrode assembly may further include a separator made of PP (polypropylene) or PE (polyethylene) or the like.

The embodiment of the utility model provides an explosion-proof valve which is used for being installed on a box body 10 of a battery 100. Referring to fig. 2 to 6, the explosion-proof valve 30 includes a base 31, a top cover 32, an elastic member 33, and a stopper 3222. The base 31 is used for being mounted on the box body 10, and a through hole 3111 is formed in the base 31; the top cover 32 comprises a cover plate 321 and a connecting rod 322 which are connected, the cover plate 321 is covered on the base 31, and the connecting rod 322 is movably arranged in the through hole 3111 in a penetrating way; the elastic piece 33 is sleeved on the connecting rod 322, and the elastic piece 33 is used for enabling the cover plate 321 to be in sealing contact with the base 31 under the action of self elastic restoring force; the limiting block 34 is connected to the connecting rod 322, the limiting block 34 and the elastic piece 33 are sequentially arranged along the extending direction of the connecting rod 322, and the limiting block 34 can be heated and melted to enlarge the deformation space of the elastic piece 33.

The base 31 is a mounting base of the explosion-proof valve 30, the base 31 is used for being mounted on the box 10, and optionally, a mounting through hole is formed on one side of the box 10, and the base 31 is mounted on the box 10 through the mounting through hole. The base 31 is provided with a through hole 3111 for mounting the top cover 32 and for venting.

The top cover 32 is a valve body of the explosion-proof valve 30, and the top cover 32 is connected to the base 31 and movable relative to the base 31. The top cover 32 comprises a cover plate 321 and a connecting rod 322, wherein the connecting rod 322 is connected to one side of the cover plate 321, the cover plate 321 and the connecting rod 322 can be integrally formed, and the cover plate 321 and the connecting rod 322 can synchronously move through the fixed connection of the connecting piece. The cover 321 is disposed on the base 31, and the connecting rod 322 is movably disposed in the through hole 3111 of the base 31. The connecting rod 322 and the through-hole 3111 may be circular, and in other embodiments, the connecting rod 322 and the through-hole 3111 may be cubic or the like.

The elastic member 33 is sleeved on the connecting rod 322, the elastic member 33 may be a spring, and optionally, the elastic member 33 may also be elastic foam or other elastic members 33. In the initial state, the elastic member 33 is in a compressed state on the connection rod 322, and the elastic member 33 applies an elastic force toward the inside of the case 10 to the top cover 32 so that the top cover 32 is fixed to the base 31 and the cover 321 is sealingly abutted against the base 31. The elastic member 33 can be abutted against one end of the connecting rod 322 away from the cover 321 so as to apply elastic force to the top cover 32; the elastic member 33 may be connected to other portions of the top cover 32, such as the cover 321. When the top cover 32 is fixed to the case 10, the cover plate 321 covers the through-hole 3111, and the explosion-proof valve 30 can be maintained in a sealed state.

The limiting block 34 is connected to the connecting rod 322, specifically, the limiting block 34 may be sleeved on the connecting rod 322, or may be fixed on the circumferential side of the connecting rod 322, so long as the requirement that the limiting block 34 and the elastic member 33 are sequentially arranged along the extending direction (L direction in fig. 6) of the connecting rod 322 is met. The stopper 34 can be heated and fused, and the stopper 34 adopts the material that the fusing point is lower to make, and when the inside temperature of battery 100 is higher, the stopper 34 can be heated and fused to stopper 34 can follow connecting rod 322 and slide, for elastic component 33 release space, elastic component 33 can be on connecting rod 322 elastic deformation and reduce the elasticity to top cap 32. The fact that the limiting block 34 can be heated and melted to increase the deformation space of the elastic member 33 means that after the limiting block 34 is melted, the deformation space of the elastic member 33 on the connecting rod 322 is increased compared with the initial state.

The explosion-proof valve 30 has an initial state, a first state and a second state, in the initial state, the explosion-proof valve 30 is fixed on the case 10 of the battery 100, the limiting block 34 and the elastic piece 33 are arranged on the connecting rod 322, the elastic piece 33 has a larger initial compression amount, so that the top cover 32 can seal the through hole 3111, and the tightness of the explosion-proof valve 30 is better; in the second state, the temperature inside the battery 100 is increased, the limiting block 34 is melted by heating, a deformation space is released for the elastic piece 33, the elastic piece 33 is elastically deformed, the compression amount is reduced, and the explosion-proof valve 30 is exploded and the opening pressure is rapidly reduced; in the third state, a large amount of high-temperature thermal runaway gas is generated inside the battery 100, and when the top cover 32 receives a gas pressure greater than the elastic force provided by the elastic member 33, the top cover 32 moves in a direction away from the base 31, and the top cover 32 is pushed open, at which time the thermal runaway gas can be released from the through hole 3111 and the gap between the cover plate 321 and the base 31, reducing the probability of thermal runaway spreading.

The explosion-proof valve 30 provided by the embodiment of the utility model comprises a base 31, a top cover 32, an elastic piece 33 and a limiting block 34, wherein in an initial state, the elastic piece 33 provides elastic force for the top cover 32 to enable the top cover 32 and the base 31 to be mutually abutted, the elastic force of the elastic piece 33 is larger, and the tightness of the explosion-proof valve 30 is better; when the temperature inside the battery 100 is high, the high-temperature gas inside the battery 100 can quickly melt the limiting block 34, and the melted limiting block 34 can release a certain deformation space to the compressed elastic piece 33, so that the compression force of the elastic piece 33 is reduced; as the compression force of the elastic member 33 decreases, the opening pressure of the top cap 32 also decreases, and the explosion-proof valve 30 can be rapidly opened at a low pressure to release the high-temperature and high-pressure gas inside the battery 100. Therefore, the explosion-proof valve 30 provided by the embodiment of the utility model not only can improve the initial tightness of the explosion-proof valve 30, but also can enable the explosion-proof valve 30 to have a faster opening speed, reduce the probability of thermal failure of the battery 100, and improve the safety performance of the battery 100.

Referring to fig. 5 and 6, in some embodiments, a mounting hole is formed in a middle portion of the limiting block 34, and the limiting block 34 is sleeved and fixed on the connecting rod 322 through the mounting hole.

The limiting block 34 may be annular, the shape of the mounting hole is adapted to the shape of the inner wall of the limiting block 34, and the limiting block 34 abuts against the elastic member 33. In this embodiment, the limiting block 34 is sleeved on the connecting rod 322, and the assembly mode is simple and convenient.

The limiting block 34 may be sleeved on the connecting rod 322 in an integrally formed manner, and may also be fixed on the connecting rod 322 in an interference fit manner, and in other embodiments, the limiting block 34 may also be fixed on the connecting rod 322 by a fastener.

In other embodiments, the limiting block 34 includes a plurality of limiting portions surrounding the periphery of the connecting rod 322, and the plurality of limiting portions are commonly abutted against the elastic member 33.

In some embodiments, the connecting rod 322 includes a rod 3221 connected to the base 31 and a limiting member 3222 disposed at an end of the rod 3221 facing away from the base 31, where the limiting member 3222 is configured to limit the elastic member 33 and/or the limiting member 34 in a telescopic direction of the elastic member 33.

The elastic member 33 serves to provide elastic force to the stopper 3222 toward the inside of the case 10. It should be noted that, the connecting rod 322, the limiting element 3222, and the elastic element 33 are all located in the case 10; the cover 321 is located outside the case 10.

The limiting member 3222 may be integrally formed with the rod 3221 or fixedly connected, and an outer diameter of the limiting member 3222 may be larger than an outer diameter of the rod 3221, so as to prevent the limiting member 34 and/or the elastic member 33 from falling off.

The elastic member 33 can directly abut against the limiting member 3222 to apply an elastic force to the limiting member 3222, where the limiting member 34 is disposed on a side of the elastic member 33 near the cover 321; alternatively, the elastic member 33 may abut against the stopper 34 and apply elastic force to both the stopper 34 and the stopper 3222.

The limiting piece 3222 and the rod body 3221 jointly form the connecting rod 322, the connecting rod 322 is connected with the cover plate 321, the elastic piece 33 applies elastic force towards the inside of the box body 10 to the limiting piece 3222, namely, the elastic piece 33 applies elastic force towards the inside of the box body 10 to the cover plate 321, the cover plate 321 is fixed on the base 31 and seals the through hole 3111 on the base 31, the cover plate 321 is not easy to loosen, and the sealing performance of the explosion-proof valve 30 in an initial state is good.

In some embodiments, the stop 3222 is integrally formed, threaded, welded, interference fit, or fixedly attached to the rod 3221 by a fastener. When the limiting member 3222 and the rod 3221 are integrally formed, the rod 3221 can be detachably connected with the cover 321. When the limiting member 3222 is in threaded connection with the rod body 3221, the connecting rod 322 is provided with a threaded portion, the limiting member 3222 may be a nut, the limiting member 3222 is sleeved on the connecting rod 322, and the limiting member 3222 may move along the connecting rod 322 to adjust the compression degree of the elastic member 33. In other embodiments, the stop 3222 may also be welded, interference fit, or fixedly attached to the rod 3221 via a fastener.

By adopting the above technical scheme, the limiting piece 3222 can limit the elastic piece 33 and the limiting piece 34, so that the elastic piece 33 and/or the limiting piece 34 are prevented from falling off the connecting rod 322 in an initial state; the stopper 3222 is flexible and various in structure and assembly manner.

As shown in fig. 5 and 6, in some embodiments, the limiting block 34 is disposed on a side of the elastic member 33 away from the base 31, and two ends of the elastic member 33 respectively abut against the base 31 and the limiting block 34.

As shown in fig. 7, the stopper 34 is disposed on a side of the elastic member 33 facing the base 31, and both ends of the elastic member 33 are respectively abutted against the stopper 34 and the stopper 3222.

In another embodiment, the limiting blocks 34 may also be located at two opposite sides of the elastic member 33.

By adopting the technical scheme, the limiting block 34 can be arranged on any side of the elastic piece 33, and in an initial state, the limiting block 34 can compress the elastic piece 33 to improve the tightness of the explosion-proof valve 30; when the stopper 34 melts, the stopper 34 can release space for the elastic member 33.

In some embodiments, at least one of the elastic member 33 and the stopper 34 is plural in number.

As shown in fig. 8, the number of the elastic members 33 is two, and the two elastic members 33 are respectively located at two opposite sides of the limiting block 34; in other embodiments, the number of the limiting blocks 34 may be two, and the two limiting blocks 34 are respectively located on two opposite sides of the elastic member 33.

It is understood that the number of the elastic members 33 or the limiting blocks 34 may be more than two.

By adopting the above technical scheme, the number of the elastic members 33 and the limiting blocks 34 can be adjusted according to the requirement and the length of the connecting rod 322, so as to adjust the compression amount and the elastic force of the elastic members 33 in the initial state.

Referring again to fig. 6, in some embodiments, the explosion-proof valve 30 further includes a first seal 35, the first seal 35 being disposed between the base 31 and the cover 321.

The first sealing member 35 may be a sealing ring, a gasket, etc., and the first sealing member 35 is made of flexible material. The first sealing member 35 is used for improving the tightness between the base 31 and the cover plate 321, and preventing the space inside the battery 100 from communicating with the outside. In the initial state, the elastic member 33 is in a compressed state, the elastic member 33 applies an elastic force to the top cover 32 toward the inside of the battery 100, the cover plate 321 can be closely attached to the surface of the base 31, and the first sealing member 35 is compressed under the pressure of the top cover 32, so that good sealing performance is achieved.

By adopting the above technical scheme, the first sealing member 35 can be compressed by the cover plate 321 to be in sealing connection between the base 31 and the cover plate 321, so that the sealing performance of the explosion-proof valve 30 is improved.

With continued reference to fig. 6, in some embodiments, the explosion-proof valve 30 further includes a second seal 36, the second seal 36 being disposed on a side of the base 31 facing the tank 10.

The second sealing member 36 may be a sealing ring, a gasket, etc., and the second sealing member 36 is made of flexible material. The second sealing member 36 is disposed on a side of the base 31 facing the case 10, that is, the second sealing member 36 is sealingly connected between the base 31 and the case 10. In an initial state, the cover 321 is pressed against the base 31 under the elastic force of the elastic member 33, and the base 31 can press the second sealing member 36, so that the second sealing member 36 has good sealing performance.

By adopting the above technical scheme, the second sealing member 36 can seal the gap between the base 31 and the case 10, thereby improving the sealing performance of the explosion-proof valve 30.

In some embodiments, the melting point of the stopper 34 is T, which satisfies: t is more than or equal to 100 ℃ and less than or equal to 190 ℃.

For example, the melting point T of the stopper 34 may be 100 ℃, 110 ℃, 120 ℃, 150 ℃, 160 ℃, 170 ℃, 190 ℃, etc.

By adopting the above technical scheme, when the battery 100 is in thermal runaway, the stopper 34 can be melted to release the pressure inside the case 10; if T is small (e.g., less than 100 ℃), the stopper 34 may melt when the battery 100 has not reached thermal runaway, and the reliability of the sealing of the explosion-proof valve 30 is low; if T is large (e.g., greater than 190 ℃), the stopper 34 is difficult to melt when the battery 100 is thermally out of control, the opening speed of the explosion-proof valve 30 is affected, and the sensitivity of pressure relief is low.

In some embodiments, T.ltoreq.130℃.

By adopting the above technical scheme, the thermal runaway condition of the battery 100 is controlled more accurately.

In some embodiments, the stopper 34 is made of a non-metallic material.

Specifically, the stopper 34 is made of a nonmetallic material with a low melting point, the melting point of the stopper 34 can meet the above conditions, and the stopper 34 can be melted during thermal runaway to reduce the elastic force of the elastic member 33 and increase the opening speed of the explosion-proof valve 30.

In some embodiments, the stop 34 is a thermoplastic block.

For example, the material of the stopper 34 may be thermoplastic plastics such as PVC (polyvinyl chloride ), PP (polypropylene), etc., and in other embodiments, the stopper 34 may be made of other non-metal materials with a lower melting point.

By adopting the above technical scheme, the melting point of the stopper 34 is low and the mass is light, and the stopper can be melted to increase the opening speed of the explosion-proof valve 30 when the battery 100 is thermally out of control.

Referring to fig. 2 to 4 again, in some embodiments, a fixing hole 3112 is formed on the base 31, and the base 31 can be fixed on the case 10 through the fixing hole 3112.

The fixing hole 3112 may be provided at a circumferential side of the base 31, the fixing hole 3112 may be a through hole, and the base 31 may be fixed to the case 10 by a fastener penetrating through the fixing hole 3112.

The number of the fixing holes 3112 is two, and the two fixing holes 3112 are respectively disposed on two opposite sides of the base 31, it is understood that the number of the fixing holes 3112 may be one or more than two.

By adopting the technical scheme, the base 31 and the box body 10 are connected in a simple manner, and the assembly efficiency is high.

As shown in fig. 4 and 6, in some embodiments, the base 31 includes a bottom plate 311 and a side plate 312 protruding from a periphery of the bottom plate 311, the bottom plate 311 and the side plate 312 enclose a groove 313, and a cover plate 321 is accommodated in the groove 313.

The recess 313 may also be a circular recess, and the cover 321 is also circular, the cover 321 being received in the recess 313. In other embodiments, recess 313 and cover 321 can be square or other shapes.

Optionally, the peripheral side of the cover plate 321 is attached to the side plate 312, so as to further improve the tightness of the explosion-proof valve 30.

Optionally, the cover plate 321 is flush with the side plate 312, and the explosion-proof valve 30 has a smaller volume.

By adopting the above technical solution, the groove 313 of the base 31 can accommodate the cover plate 321 and limit the cover plate 321; when the explosion-proof valve 30 is opened, the cover 321 moves away from the bottom plate 311, and the gas in the case 10 of the battery 100 is discharged through the through-hole 3111 and flows out to the outside through the gap between the cover 321 and the base 31.

Referring to fig. 2 to 6, in some embodiments, the explosion-proof valve 30 includes a base 31, a top cover 32, an elastic member 33, a stopper 34, a first sealing member 35 and a second sealing member 36, the base 31 is configured to be mounted on the case 10, and a through hole 3111 is provided in the base 31; the top cover 32 comprises a cover plate 321 and a connecting rod 322 which are connected, the cover plate 321 is covered on the base 31, and the connecting rod 322 is movably arranged in the through hole 3111 in a penetrating way; the elastic piece 33 is sleeved on the connecting rod 322 and is used for fixing the top cover 32 on the base 31; the stopper 34 is connected in the connecting rod 322, and stopper 34 and elastic component 33 set gradually along the extending direction of connecting rod 322, and stopper 34 can be heated and fused in order to increase the deformation space of elastic component 33. The first seal 35 is provided between the cover 321 and the base 31, and the second seal 36 is provided between the base 31 and the case 10.

In the initial state, the elastic member 33 applies elastic force to the top cover 32 towards the inside of the box body 10, the compression amount of the elastic member 33 is large, the first sealing member 35 and the second sealing member 36 are both compressed and sealed, and the air seal of the explosion-proof valve 30 is good; when thermal runaway occurs in the battery 100 or more high-temperature gas is generated, the stopper 34 melts, the elastic member 33 elastically deforms and the elastic force becomes smaller, and the opening pressure of the explosion-proof valve 30 becomes smaller; when the pressure in the case 10 is excessively high, the difference between the inside and the outside is greater than the elastic force of the elastic member 33, and at this time, the top cover 32 is opened, and the internal air pressure can be timely discharged out of the battery 100.

The explosion-proof valve 30 provided by the embodiment of the utility model can give consideration to the sealability of the initial state without affecting the opening speed of the explosion-proof valve 30, thereby improving the reliability of the battery 100.

A second aspect of the present utility model provides a battery 100 comprising the explosion-proof valve 30 provided in the first aspect.

The explosion-proof valve 30 is fixed to the case 10 of the battery 100 for discharging high-temperature and high-pressure gas in time when thermal runaway occurs inside the battery 100, reducing the probability of thermal runaway.

A third aspect of the present utility model provides an electrical device comprising the battery 100 provided in the second aspect, the battery 100 being arranged to provide electrical energy to the electrical device.

The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present utility model, and are not limiting; although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present utility model, and are intended to be included in the scope of the present utility model.

Claims (16)

1. An explosion-proof valve, comprising:

the base is used for being installed on the box body and is provided with a through hole;

the top cover comprises a cover plate and a connecting rod which are connected, the cover plate is covered on the base, and the connecting rod is movably arranged in the through hole in a penetrating way;

the elastic piece is sleeved on the connecting rod, and the cover plate is in sealing contact with the base under the action of self elastic restoring force;

the limiting block is connected to the connecting rod, the limiting block and the elastic piece are sequentially arranged along the extending direction of the connecting rod, and the limiting block can be heated and melted to enlarge the deformation space of the elastic piece.

2. The explosion-proof valve as set forth in claim 1, wherein a mounting hole is provided in the middle of the stopper, and the stopper is fixed to the connecting rod through the mounting hole.

3. The explosion-proof valve according to claim 1, wherein the connecting rod comprises a rod body penetrating through the through hole and a limiting piece arranged at one end of the rod body away from the base, and the limiting piece is used for limiting the elastic piece and/or the limiting piece in the expansion direction of the elastic piece.

4. The explosion-proof valve as set forth in claim 3, wherein said retainer is integrally formed with said stem, threaded, welded, interference fit, or fixedly attached by fasteners.

5. The explosion-proof valve according to claim 1, wherein the limiting block is arranged on one side of the elastic piece, which is away from the base, and/or

The limiting block is arranged on one side of the elastic piece, which faces the base.

6. The explosion proof valve of claim 1, wherein at least one of said elastic member and said stopper is plural in number.

7. The explosion proof valve of claim 1, further comprising a first seal disposed between said base and said cover plate.

8. The explosion proof valve of claim 1, further comprising a second seal disposed on a side of the base facing the tank.

9. The explosion-proof valve as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein said stopper has a melting point T satisfying: t is more than or equal to 100 ℃ and less than or equal to 190 ℃.

10. The explosion-proof valve of claim 9, wherein T is 100 ℃ or less and 130 ℃ or less.

11. The explosion-proof valve as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein said stopper is made of a nonmetallic material.

12. The explosion proof valve of claim 11, wherein said stopper is a thermoplastic block.

13. The explosion-proof valve as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein a fixing hole is provided in said base, and said base is fixed to said case through said fixing hole.

14. The explosion proof valve as set forth in any one of claims 1-8, wherein said base includes a bottom plate and a side plate projecting from a periphery of said bottom plate, said bottom plate and said side plate enclosing a recess, said cover plate being received in said recess.

15. A battery comprising an explosion-proof valve according to any one of claims 1 to 14, said explosion-proof valve being secured to a housing of said battery.

16. An electrical device comprising the battery of claim 15 for providing electrical energy to the electrical device.