CN219686926U - Simple drawing callipers - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of geological engineering drawing tools, and discloses a simple drawing caliper which comprises a bottom plate, support plates, a swinging mechanism, a drawing component and marking paper, wherein the two support plates are arranged on the bottom plate, and limit grooves are formed in corresponding positions of the two support plates; the swinging mechanism comprises a swinging rod, and two ends of the swinging rod are respectively and slidably connected with limit grooves on the two support plates; the drawing component comprises a pen clamping cursor and a drawing pen, the pen clamping cursor is sleeved on the swinging rod and slides along the length direction of the swinging rod, the drawing pen is arranged on the pen clamping cursor, and the pen clamping cursor can rotate circumferentially; the marking paper is located on the bottom plate and between the two support plates, the swing rod reciprocates in the limit groove and drives the drawing pen to contact or be far away from the marking paper, the problems that in the prior art, the operation difficulty of obtaining the distance between all characteristic points of a source drawing piece in a certain direction is large, the time consumption is long and errors are prone to occurring are solved, and the drawing efficiency is improved.

Description

Simple drawing callipers

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the field of geological engineering drawing tools, in particular to a simple drawing caliper.

Background

There are different drawings in different industries, such as geological drawings in the field of geological exploration. The geologic map is a map piece representing the formation times of sedimentary rock formations, igneous rock masses, geologic structures and the like, various geologic bodies and geologic phenomena related to the formation times, and the like, on a certain scale of the topographic map by a certain legend, and is a general name of maps representing the surface rock facies, lithology, stratum age, geologic structures, magma activities, mineral distribution and the like of the crust. The geological map is used as a most intuitive way for representing geological geographic information of a certain place, and can help a geological engineer to better design various projects and arrange investigation schemes, so that the geological map has great significance to those skilled in the art.

In general, a complete geologic map includes plan, cross-sectional and histogram. The plan is used for reflecting the geological phenomenon of the earth surface and is drawn on the topographic map through geological mapping work; the section view is used for reflecting the geological features below the earth surface on a certain section, and is also called a synthetic stratum histogram when being matched with the plan view, and is mainly used for reflecting stratum features, thickness, contact relation and the like of a region, and is compiled on the basis of the plan view.

In the engineering of drawing a geological map, because of strict proportion and correspondence between the plan view, the sectional view and the histogram, when drawing other types of target images according to a certain source image, such as the plan view, for example, the sectional view, the diagrammer needs to measure and calculate the distances between all feature points in a certain direction on the plan view one by one, and then draw the sectional view according to the measurement and calculation result. For complex drawing pieces, the workload of carrying out the operation is extremely large, and the operation is long and complex, and is extremely easy to make mistakes. Therefore, how to simply and quickly obtain the distance between all the feature points of the source graph in a certain direction becomes a key step for reducing the workload of the plotter in the drawing work and improving the working efficiency, and is also a problem which needs to be solved by the technicians in the field.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art: the utility model aims to provide a simple drawing caliper, which can directly mark all the characteristic points in a certain direction on a paper strip through the caliper, then mark the corresponding characteristic points on the paper strip on a target drawing, and replace the step of measurement and calculation through the position of the marked characteristic points.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the utility model is as follows:

a simple drawing caliper comprises a bottom plate, support plates, a swinging mechanism, a drawing assembly and marking paper, wherein the two support plates are arranged on the bottom plate, and limit grooves are formed in corresponding positions of the two support plates; the swing mechanism comprises a swing rod, and two ends of the swing rod are respectively and slidably connected with limit grooves on the two support plates; the drawing component comprises a pen clamping cursor and a drawing pen, the pen clamping cursor is sleeved on the swinging rod and slides along the length direction of the swinging rod, and the drawing pen is arranged on the pen clamping cursor and can circumferentially rotate; the marking paper is positioned on the bottom plate and between the two supporting plates, and the swinging rod reciprocates in the limiting groove and drives the drawing pen to contact or be far away from the marking paper.

The utility model is further provided with: the support plate comprises a first support plate and a second support plate, the second support plate is fixed on the bottom plate, the first support plate is connected to the bottom plate in a sliding mode, the marking paper is located between the first support plate and the second support plate, and the swinging rod is installed on the first support plate and the second support plate.

The utility model is further provided with: the sliding rail with the same length direction as the bottom plate is arranged on the bottom plate, guide grooves are formed in corresponding positions of the first supporting plate and the second supporting plate, the cross section shape of the sliding rail is matched with the guide grooves, and the sliding rail penetrates through the guide grooves in the first supporting plate and the second supporting plate.

The utility model is further provided with: the upper surface of the bottom plate is provided with a paper sheet clamp, and the paper sheet clamp is used for clamping and fixing the marked paper.

The utility model is further provided with: still include hinge and casing, the backup pad still includes the third backup pad, the third backup pad is located the one end of keeping away from the second backup pad on the bottom plate, it is fixed through the hinge between third backup pad and the bottom plate, the casing is located the top of second backup pad and third backup pad and covers the space between second backup pad and the third backup pad completely.

The utility model is further provided with: still include the slide bar, the locating hole has all been seted up to corresponding position department in first backup pad and the second backup pad, the cross-sectional shape and the locating hole looks adaptation of slide bar, the slide bar passes the locating hole in first backup pad and the second backup pad, the one end of slide bar is fixed in the first backup pad and the other end and the second backup pad sliding connection of slide bar.

The utility model is further provided with: the swing mechanism further comprises a rotating shaft and a connecting rod, the rotating shaft is located on the first supporting plate and is rotationally connected with the first supporting plate, the limiting groove is an arc-shaped groove, the circle center of the circle where the limiting groove is located on the axis of the rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is fixedly connected with the swing rod through the connecting rod.

The utility model is further provided with: the drawing assembly further comprises a sleeve and a connecting shaft, wherein the sleeve is used for installing a drawing pen, and the sleeve is fixedly connected with the pen clamping cursor through the connecting shaft.

The utility model is further provided with: the oscillating rod is provided with a scale.

The utility model is further provided with: the scale is replaceable into corresponding scales with different scales.

In summary, the beneficial effects achieved by the utility model are as follows:

the two ends of the swinging rod are respectively and slidably connected with the limiting grooves in the two supporting plates, so that the swinging rod can swing reciprocally according to the arc-shaped track of the limiting grooves, and the pen clamping cursor is driven to swing reciprocally so as to drive the drawing pen to contact or be far away from the marking paper. Because the pen-clamping cursor can freely slide on the swinging rod, when the pen-clamping cursor slides to a characteristic point on the drawing pen alignment source drawing piece, the swinging rod swings to enable the drawing pen to contact the marking paper on the bottom plate and record a characteristic point at a corresponding position on the marking paper. Repeating the steps to record all feature points on the source graph in the direction on the marking paper; when the characteristic points are required to be transferred to the target drawing piece in sequence, when the card pen cursor slides to one characteristic point on the drawing pen alignment marking paper, the swinging rod swings to enable the drawing pen to contact the target drawing piece and record one characteristic point at the corresponding position on the target drawing piece, and all the characteristic points on the marking paper in the direction can be recorded on the target drawing piece by repeating the steps. According to the method, all the characteristic points on the source drawing piece in a certain direction are recorded on the marking paper one by one, the characteristic points on the marking paper are moved to the corresponding direction on the target drawing piece one by one, the step of measuring and calculating the distance between the characteristic points is replaced by directly marking the positions of the characteristic points, the operation is simple, the drawing efficiency is greatly improved, and the working intensity of drawing staff is reduced.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present utility model, the drawings used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present utility model, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings for a person having ordinary skill in the art.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a simple caliper according to the present utility model;

FIG. 2 is a cut-off view of a simple caliper according to the present utility model;

fig. 3 is a partial enlarged view of a portion a in fig. 2.

In the figure: 1. a bottom plate; 11. a slide rail; 12. a paper clip; 2. a support plate; 21. a first support plate; 22. a second support plate; 23. a third support plate; 24. a limit groove; 25. a guide groove; 26. positioning holes; 3. a slide bar; 4. a hinge; 5. a housing; 6. a swinging mechanism; 61. a rotating shaft; 62. a connecting rod; 63. a swinging rod; 7. a drawing component; 71. a pen clamping cursor; 72. a sleeve; 73. drawing pens; 74. a connecting shaft; 8. marking paper.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present utility model will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are some, but not all embodiments of the utility model. The embodiments of the present utility model and the features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without any conflict. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the utility model without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the utility model.

For ease of description, the terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," "upper," "lower," "inner," "outer," "bottom," and the like as used herein refer to an orientation or positional relationship based on that shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the utility model and to simplify description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be configured and operated in a particular orientation, and thus are not to be construed as limiting the utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

As shown in fig. 1-3, the simple drawing caliper comprises a base plate 1, a support plate 2, a swinging mechanism 6, a drawing component 7 and marking paper 8.

The base plate 1 is in a rectangular plate shape and horizontally arranged, the material of the base plate 1 is preferably hard plastic, and the base plate 1 is preferably transparent plastic. The transparent base plate 1 is such that when the base plate 1 is pressed over a source or target graphic, a plotter can directly see through the base plate 1 the portion of the source or target graphic that is below the base plate 1 that is obscured by the base plate 1.

The upper surface of the bottom plate 1 is provided with a sliding rail 11 with the same length direction as the bottom plate 1. The slide rail 11 is integrally provided with the base plate 1, and the cross section of the slide rail 11 is preferably T-shaped.

Two paper clips 12 distributed at a certain distance are arranged on the upper surface of the bottom plate 1 and at the position of one side of the sliding rail 11. The paper sheet holder 12 is in the form of a long sheet, one end of which is fixed to the base plate 1 by a screw, and the other end of which is used for holding the marking paper 8. Two paper clips 12 respectively clip both ends of the marking paper 8, thereby clamping and fixing the marking paper 8 to the base plate 1.

The support plate 2 includes a first support plate 21, a second support plate 22 and a third support plate 23, and the three support plates 2 are identical in shape, size and material. The material of the support plate 2 is preferably a hard plastic, and the shape of the support plate is semicircular plate-shaped. The bottom end of the supporting plate 2 is horizontal and is attached to the upper surface of the bottom plate 1, and the diameter of the circle where the supporting plate 2 is located is the same as the width of the bottom plate 1. Wherein, a second support plate 22 between the first support plate 21 and a third support plate 23 is fixed on the bottom plate 1, and the first support plate 21 with the swinging mechanism 6 is connected on the bottom plate 1 in a sliding way.

Specifically, a guide groove 25 is formed in each of the first support plate 21 and the second support plate 22 at a corresponding position. The guide groove 25 is a T-shaped through groove, and the cross section shape and the size of the sliding rail 11 are completely matched with those of the guide groove 25, so that the sliding rail 11 can pass through the guide grooves 25 on the first supporting plate 21 and the second supporting plate 22 at the same time.

The second support plate 22 is fixed on the bottom plate 1 and fixedly connected with the slide rail 11, and the first support plate 21 can slide reciprocally along the length direction of the slide rail 11. The T-shaped slide rail 11 has excellent guiding and limiting effects on the first support plate 21, so that the first support plate 21 can precisely and stably slide on the slide rail 11.

The simple drawing caliper further comprises a sliding rod 3, a hinge 4 and a shell 5.

A positioning hole 26 is formed in the corresponding position of the first support plate 21 and the second support plate 22. In the present embodiment, the positioning hole 26 is a circular through hole. The sliding rod 3 is a long bar, and the shape and the size of the cross section of the sliding rod are matched with those of the positioning holes 26, so that the sliding rod 3 can pass through the positioning holes 26 on the first supporting plate 21 and the second supporting plate 22 at the same time.

One end of the slide rod 3 passes through the positioning hole 26 on the first support plate 21 and is fixed on the first support plate 21, while the other end of the slide rod 3 passes through the positioning hole 26 on the second support plate 22 and is slidably connected with the second support plate 22. The sliding rod 3 further improves the guiding and limiting effects on the first supporting plate 21 through the matching with the positioning holes 26, and ensures that the first supporting plate 21 slides stably.

The third support plate 23 is located at an end of the base plate 1 remote from the second support plate 22. The casing 5 is in a circular arc-shaped curved surface structure, and the lower surface of the casing 5 is attached to the tops of the second support plate 22 and the third support plate 23 and completely covers the space surrounded by the second support plate 22, the third support plate 23 and the bottom plate 1. The third support plate 23 is hinged and fixed with the bottom plate 1 through two hinges 4, so that the third support plate 23 can rotate along one edge attached to the bottom plate 1, and a cavity formed by the second support plate 22, the bottom plate 1, the shell 5 and the third support plate 23 is opened or closed. The cavity can be used as a tool box or a writing case for storing drawing related tools in drawing work.

The swing mechanism 6 includes a swing lever 63, a rotation shaft 61, and a connection lever 62.

The rotation shaft 61 passes through the first support plate 21 and is rotatably connected to the first support plate 21, and the axis of the rotation shaft 61 passes through the center of the circle in which the first support plate 21 is located. The limiting grooves 24 on the first supporting plate 21 and the second supporting plate 22 are arc-shaped grooves, and the circle center of the circle where the limiting grooves 24 are located is located on the axis of the rotating shaft 61. The end of the rotation shaft 61 facing away from the second support plate 22 is fixedly connected with the swing lever 63 through the connecting rod 62.

The swing lever 63 is a cylindrical bar-shaped bar, preferably made of stainless steel, and the swing lever 63 is mounted on the first support plate 21 and the second support plate 22. Specifically, both ends of the swing rod 63 are slidably connected to the limit grooves 24 on the first support plate 21 and the second support plate 22, respectively, so that the swing rod 63 can reciprocate in the limit grooves 24 along the track of the limit grooves 24.

In particular, the oscillating bar 63 can be carved with graduation tables corresponding to different scales according to actual needs. In the field of geological exploration, the common scales are 1:100, 1:200 and 1:500, and the three scales correspond to three different scales. In this embodiment, the scale table is a scale table corresponding to a scale of 1:100.

The drawing assembly 7 includes a stylus cursor 71, a sleeve 72, a connecting shaft 74, and a drawing stylus 73.

The pen-clamping cursor 71 is a cylindrical hollow tubular structure, and the material of the pen-clamping cursor is preferably stainless steel. The pen clamping cursor 71 is sleeved on the swinging rod 63, so that the pen clamping cursor 71 can circumferentially rotate according to actual needs; meanwhile, the pen-clamping cursor 71 can also slide reciprocally along the length direction of the swinging rod 63.

The sleeve 72 is a cylindrical hollow tubular structure, and the material is preferably aluminum alloy, and the inner diameter of the sleeve 72 is the same as the outer diameter of the drawing pen 73, so as to mount and fix the drawing pen 73. The sleeve 72 is fixedly connected with the pen-clamping cursor 71 through the connecting shaft 74, so that when the swinging rod 63 moves reciprocally in the limit groove 24 along the track of the limit groove 24, the pen-clamping cursor 71 is driven to drive the drawing pen 73 to move; at the same time, rotating the card pen cursor 71 in the circumferential direction brings the nib portion of the drawing pen 73 into contact with or away from the marking paper 8.

The drawing pen 73 may be a general drawing pencil or a ballpoint pen, a carbon pen, or the like.

The marking paper 8 is fixed to the base plate 1 by the paper sheet holder 12 and is located between the first support plate 21 and the second support plate 22. The marking paper 8 is preferably sulfuric acid paper (also called copy paper, rubbing paper, copying paper, transparent paper and the like, is a semitransparent paper which is used for engineering tracing and copying in a professional manner, can be used for tracing, copying and the like, such as copybooks for handwriting), and the semitransparent marking paper 8 facilitates the drawing operator to see the shielded part of the drawing element through the bottom plate 1 and the marking paper 8 in the drawing process, thereby facilitating the operation of the drawing operator. At the same time, there is enough space left on the marking paper 8 for a plotter to mark certain features in addition to recording the feature points.

The implementation principle of the embodiment is as follows:

when the simple drawing caliper is used, certain preparation work needs to be finished firstly: the drawing pen 73 is installed into the sleeve 72 to draw a straight line on the marking paper 8, and the marking paper 8 is clamped to the paper sheet clamp 12 on the base plate 1. Then pressing the base plate 1 on the source graph, and adjusting the position of the base plate 1 to enable the straight line drawn on the marking paper 8 to be aligned with a certain base line of a series of characteristic points on the source graph, and enabling the straight line on the marking paper 8 to be coincident with the base line on the source graph;

the pen-hold cursor 71 is moved to the extreme edge position, for example, the extreme left end, of the swing lever 63, and then the pen-hold cursor 71 is continuously moved rightward, and when the pen-hold cursor 71 is slid to a point where the drawing pen 73 is aligned with a feature point on the source drawing, the swing lever 63 is shifted and the pen-hold cursor 71 is rotated circumferentially so that the pen tip of the drawing pen 73 contacts the marking paper 8 on the base plate 1 and points a feature point at a corresponding position on a straight line drawn on the marking paper 8. Thereafter, the swing lever 63 is toggled in the opposite direction so that the drawing pen 73 is away from the marking paper 8 on the base plate 1. The pen-hold cursor 71 continues to move rightward on the swing lever 63, and when the pen-hold cursor 71 slides until the drawing pen 73 is aligned with the second feature point on the source drawing, the swing lever 63 is shifted and the pen-hold cursor 71 is rotated circumferentially so that the pen tip of the drawing pen 73 contacts the marking paper 8 on the base plate 1 and points the second feature point at the corresponding position on the straight line drawn on the marking paper 8. Then, the swinging rod 63 is shifted in the opposite direction to enable the drawing pen 73 to be far away from the marking paper 8 on the bottom plate 1, the pen clamping cursor 71 continues to slide on the swinging rod 63 to the right, and all characteristic points of the source drawing piece on the base line can be recorded on the straight line drawn by the marking paper 8 by repeating the steps;

when the characteristic points are required to be transferred onto the target drawing piece in sequence, the position of the marking paper 8 is kept unchanged, the bottom plate 1 is pressed on the target drawing piece, the position of the bottom plate 1 is adjusted so that the straight line drawn on the marking paper 8 is aligned with a base line corresponding to the source drawing piece on the target drawing piece, and the straight line on the marking paper 8 is overlapped with the base line on the target drawing piece;

next, the pen-hold cursor 71 is also moved to the edge position, e.g., the rightmost end, of the swing lever 63, and then the pen-hold cursor 71 is continuously moved leftward, and when the pen-hold cursor 71 is slid to a feature point on the drawing pen 73 alignment mark paper 8, the swing lever 63 is toggled and the pen-hold cursor 71 is rotated circumferentially so that the drawing pen 73 contacts the target drawing piece and records a feature point at a corresponding position on the base line on the target drawing piece. Thereafter, the swing lever 63 is toggled in the opposite direction so that the drawing pen 73 is away from the target drawing. The pen-hold cursor 71 continues to move leftwards on the swing lever 63, and when the pen-hold cursor 71 slides to the second feature point on the drawing pen 73 alignment mark paper 8, the swing lever 63 is shifted and the pen-hold cursor 71 is circumferentially rotated so that the pen tip of the drawing pen 73 contacts the target drawing piece and points the second feature point below the corresponding position on the base line on the target drawing piece. By repeating such a step, all the feature points in this direction on the marking paper 8 can be recorded on the target drawing. The plotter can rapidly, efficiently and accurately perform the next drawing operation according to the new feature points on the target drawing, wherein the new feature points keep the distance between the feature points on the source drawing;

when the characteristic points in other directions on the source diagram need to be moved, the paper clips 12 on the base plate 1 are opened, the used marking paper 8 is unloaded and replaced by a new marking paper 8, and the characteristic points of the source diagram in all directions can be obtained quickly and accurately by repeating the steps.

While preferred embodiments of the present utility model have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. It is therefore intended that the following claims be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the utility model. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the present utility model without departing from the spirit or scope of the utility model. Thus, it is intended that the present utility model also include such modifications and alterations insofar as they come within the scope of the appended claims or the equivalents thereof.

Claims (10)

1. The simple drawing caliper is characterized by comprising a bottom plate (1), a supporting plate (2), a swinging mechanism (6), a drawing component (7) and marking paper (8), wherein two supporting plates (2) are arranged on the bottom plate (1), and limit grooves (24) are formed in corresponding positions of the two supporting plates (2); the swinging mechanism (6) comprises a swinging rod (63), and two ends of the swinging rod (63) are respectively connected with limit grooves (24) on the two support plates (2) in a sliding manner; the drawing component (7) comprises a pen clamping cursor (71) and a drawing pen (73), wherein the pen clamping cursor (71) is sleeved on the swinging rod (63) and slides along the length direction of the swinging rod (63), and the drawing pen (73) is arranged on the pen clamping cursor (71) and the pen clamping cursor (71) can rotate circumferentially; the marking paper (8) is positioned on the bottom plate (1) and between the two supporting plates (2), and the swinging rod (63) reciprocates in the limiting groove (24) and drives the drawing pen (73) to contact or be far away from the marking paper (8).

2. A simple drawing calliper according to claim 1, wherein the support plate (2) comprises a first support plate (21) and a second support plate (22), the second support plate (22) is fixed on the base plate (1), the first support plate (21) is slidably connected on the base plate (1), the marking paper (8) is located between the first support plate (21) and the second support plate (22), and the swinging rod (63) is mounted on the first support plate (21) and the second support plate (22).

3. The simple drawing caliper according to claim 2, wherein the bottom plate (1) is provided with a sliding rail (11) with the same length direction as the bottom plate (1), guide grooves (25) are formed in corresponding positions of the first support plate (21) and the second support plate (22), the cross section of the sliding rail (11) is matched with the guide grooves (25), and the sliding rail (11) penetrates through the guide grooves (25) in the first support plate (21) and the second support plate (22).

4. The simple caliper according to claim 1, wherein a paper sheet clamp (12) is arranged on the upper surface of the base plate (1), and the paper sheet clamp (12) is used for clamping and fixing the marking paper (8).

5. The simple drawing caliper according to claim 2, further comprising a hinge (4) and a housing (5), wherein the support plate (2) further comprises a third support plate (23), the third support plate (23) is located at one end, far away from the second support plate (22), of the bottom plate (1), the third support plate (23) is hinged and fixed with the bottom plate (1) through the hinge (4), and the housing (5) is located at the tops of the second support plate (22) and the third support plate (23) and completely covers the space between the second support plate (22) and the third support plate (23).

6. The simple drawing caliper according to claim 2, further comprising a sliding rod (3), wherein positioning holes (26) are formed in corresponding positions of the first supporting plate (21) and the second supporting plate (22), the cross section of the sliding rod (3) is matched with the positioning holes (26), the sliding rod (3) penetrates through the positioning holes (26) in the first supporting plate (21) and the second supporting plate (22), and one end of the sliding rod (3) is fixed on the first supporting plate (21) and the other end of the sliding rod (3) is in sliding connection with the second supporting plate (22).

7. The simple drawing caliper according to claim 1, wherein the swinging mechanism (6) further comprises a rotating shaft (61) and a connecting rod (62), the rotating shaft (61) is located on the first supporting plate (21) and is rotationally connected with the first supporting plate (21), the limiting groove (24) is an arc-shaped groove, the circle center of the circle where the limiting groove (24) is located on the axis of the rotating shaft (61), and the rotating shaft (61) and the swinging rod (63) are fixedly connected through the connecting rod (62).

8. The simple drawing caliper according to claim 1, wherein the drawing assembly (7) further comprises a sleeve (72) and a connecting shaft (74), the sleeve (72) is used for installing a drawing pen (73), and the sleeve (72) is fixedly connected with a pen clamping cursor (71) through the connecting shaft (74).

9. A simple calipers as claimed in claim 1, wherein the rocking lever (63) is provided with a dial gauge.

10. The simple calipers as in claim 9, wherein said scale is replaceable with corresponding scales of different scale.