CN219678477U

CN219678477U - Air-to-water cross-medium laser sound-generating communication device

Info

Publication number: CN219678477U
Application number: CN202320441585.5U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 赵扬; 黄金鑫; 周志权; 王晨旭; 王金龙; 赵占锋; 李迎春; 李剑锋
Original assignee: Harbin Institute of Technology Weihai
Current assignee: Harbin Institute of Technology Weihai
Priority date: 2023-03-10
Filing date: 2023-03-10
Publication date: 2023-09-12
Anticipated expiration: 2033-03-10

Abstract

The utility model provides an air-to-water cross-medium laser induced sound communication device, which comprises a laser, wherein the laser transmits a laser pulse signal to the water surface through a light guide arm; the laser is internally provided with a laser Q-switching component, a laser pulse component, a laser amplifying component and a light guide arm. The air-to-water cross-medium laser induced sound communication device combines the transmission advantages of laser in an air channel and sound waves in a sea channel to get rid of the limitation of an air-water interface, has the characteristic of no need of disposing any physical transducer in a medium, ensures concealment, and can be disposed in an airplane, a ship or a shore base and the like to meet the flexibility of a communication system.

Description

Air-to-water cross-medium laser sound-generating communication device

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of cross-medium communication equipment, and particularly relates to an air-to-water cross-medium laser sound-generating communication device.

Background

With the development of communication technology, underwater acoustic communication technology becomes the most widely applied underwater wireless communication technology, and sea-air integrated communication technology for transmitting signals from an aerial platform to an underwater target will play an important role in future war and national economy production.

At present, the communication modes between the underwater target and the water target tried by researchers at home and abroad mainly comprise the following modes:

(1) The long wave communication and the ultra-long wave communication respectively use Very Low Frequency (VLF) and very low frequency (SLF) for communication, and the mode can be used for transmitting longer distances in principle, and the data transmission rate can reach 50-200 bit/s, but is limited by huge transmitting and receiving equipment, so that the hidden equipment is not beneficial to concealment, and the large equipment is difficult to install on a submarine, so that the method is difficult to be practically applied to water-air cross-medium bidirectional communication.

(2) The communication satellite can receive, amplify and forward the signal from a certain point on the ground to another point, and has the advantages of large coverage and high speed, but the frequency band of the communication satellite is extremely attenuated in water and is difficult to penetrate through water, the antenna must be ensured to be kept on the water surface during communication, and the wake brought by the submarine in the moving process can be detected, so that the communication satellite is unfavorable for concealment.

(3) The relay node type cross-medium communication is realized by means of relay node forwarding, the sonar needs to be partially submerged in water to normally transmit and receive signals, and the information transmission between the sonar and an aerial node needs to be exposed out of the water, so that the problem is that firstly, the relay easily flies along with sea waves, and secondly, for a submarine with a hiding requirement, the submarine has an exposure danger of the relay node, and for a fixed relay node, due to the distance limitation of the underwater acoustic communication, when the submarine exceeds the communication range of the node, the submarine is out of connection, and the submarine is difficult to guarantee the requirement of patrol of the submarine in a large-scale sea area.

Accordingly, there is an urgent need to develop a new air-to-water cross-medium signal communication device.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme: the air-to-water cross-medium laser sound communication device comprises a laser, wherein the air-to-water cross-medium laser sound communication device comprises the laser, and the laser transmits a laser pulse signal to the water surface through a light guide arm;

the laser is internally provided with a laser Q-switching component, a laser pulse component, a laser amplifying component and a light guide arm.

Optionally, the laser Q-switch assembly includes a rear mirror, a Q-switch and a right angle pyramid prism, the right side of the Q-switch is provided with the rear mirror and the left side of the Q-switch is provided with the right angle pyramid prism.

Optionally, a first concave lens, a first biconvex lens, a first convex lens, a first wedge plate and a second wedge plate are arranged between the rear mirror and the Q-switch; a first 1/2 wave plate and a first polaroid are arranged between the right-angle pyramid prism and the Q-switch; the concave side of the first concave lens is disposed toward the rear mirror.

Optionally, the laser pulse assembly includes a pulse module, and a second 1/2 wave plate, an output mirror, a first 1/4 wave plate, a first 45-degree dual-wavelength mirror and a first 45-degree plane mirror are sequentially arranged on the right side of the pulse module.

The output mirror and the rear mirror are integrally formed, and the upper part of the mirror body is provided with an output mirror which can pass through laser pulse signals; the lower part of the mirror body is provided with a laser high-reflection film layer which is a rear mirror capable of reflecting laser pulse signals.

Optionally, the laser amplifying assembly includes a faraday rotator and an amplifying module, and the laser pulse signal transmitted by the laser pulse assembly is transmitted to the light guide arm through the laser amplifying assembly.

Optionally, a second 45-degree plane mirror and a second polaroid are arranged on the right side of the Faraday rotator, a second 1/4 wave plate, a second concave lens, a second convex lens and a third 1/4 wave plate are arranged between the Faraday rotator and the amplifying module, and a fourth 1/4 wave plate, a second biconvex lens, a third 45-degree plane mirror, a fourth 45-degree plane mirror, a third biconvex lens, a collimating lens, a fourth biconvex lens and a window sheet are arranged on the left side of the amplifying module.

Optionally, the light guide arm includes a red light laser, a second 45 ° dual-wavelength mirror and a plurality of 45 ° resonant mirrors, and the laser pulse signal transmitted by the laser amplifying assembly is transmitted to the second 45 ° dual-wavelength mirror, and then is transmitted to the water surface by the second 45 ° dual-wavelength mirror through the plurality of 45 ° resonant mirrors;

the red laser transmits a red laser signal to the second 45-degree dual-wavelength mirror through the second 45-degree resonant mirror and the second 45-degree dual-wavelength mirror, and the red laser signal and the laser pulse signal are output to the water surface in the same path after passing through the second 45-degree dual-wavelength mirror.

Optionally, the device also comprises an upper computer, a signal generator, a hydrophone and a signal processing module;

the upper computer is used for inputting text information, converting the text information into binary data and carrying out Manchester coding;

the signal generator is used for receiving Manchester encoded information, converting the Manchester encoded information into square wave signals and transmitting the square wave signals to the laser;

the laser is used for generating laser pulse signals, the laser pulse signals are incident to the water surface through air and the light guide arm, the laser pulse signals are converted into acoustic signals through thermal expansion effect and are transmitted to all directions under water, the hydrophone is used for receiving the acoustic signals at any position under water, the hydrophone is used for conveying the received acoustic signals to the acquisition system, the acquisition system converts the acoustic signals into text information, and cross-medium communication of light from air to water is achieved.

Optionally, the acquisition system comprises a data acquisition card and a signal processing module;

the hydrophone is used for converting received acoustic signals into electric signals and comprises a wavelength division multiplexer and a Michelson interferometer; the electric signal is transmitted to a Michelson interferometer through a wavelength division multiplexer, the Michelson interferometer transmits the electric signal to a data acquisition card through a photoelectric detector and an amplifier, and the data acquisition card transmits the electric signal to a data processing module;

the data processing module comprises a PGC demodulation module, a filtering shaping module, a sampling judgment module and a decoding module, wherein the PGC demodulation module is used for receiving the electric signals transmitted by the data acquisition card;

the filtering and shaping module is used for removing power frequency noise by carrying out band-pass filtering on the electric signal, extracting an upper envelope, selecting a proper threshold value and generating a square wave signal;

the sampling judgment module is used for sampling judgment on the square wave signal;

the decoding module is used for decoding the square wave signal to convert binary data into text information.

The utility model provides an air-to-water cross-medium laser induced sound communication device, which can combine the transmission advantages of laser in an air channel and sound waves in a sea channel to get rid of the limitation of an air-water interface; the method has the characteristics that any physical transducer is not required to be deployed in the medium, so that the concealment is ensured; meanwhile, the laser can be deployed on an airplane, a ship or a shore base station, and the like, so that the flexibility of a communication system is met.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present utility model, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an air-to-water cross-media laser induced acoustic communications device of the present utility model;

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the hydrophone and signal processing module;

fig. 3 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the laser.

The symbols in the drawings illustrate:

1-a rear mirror; 2-a first concave lens; 3-a first lenticular lens; 4-a first convex lens; 5-a first wedge plate; 6-a second wedge plate; 7-a Q-switched switch; 8-a first 1/2 wave plate; 9-a first polarizer; 10-right angle pyramid prism; 11-pulse module; 12-a second 1/2 wave plate; 13-an output mirror; 14-a first 1/4 wave plate; 15-a first 45 ° dual wavelength mirror; 16-a first 45 ° flat mirror; 17-a second 45 ° flat mirror; 18-a second polarizer; 19-Faraday rotator; a 20-second 1/4 wave plate; 21-a second concave lens; 22-a second convex lens; 23-a third 1/4 wave plate; a 24-amplification module; 25-fourth 1/4 wave plate; 26-a second biconvex lens; 27-a third 45 degree flat mirror; 28-fourth 45 degree plane mirror; 29-a third lenticular lens; 30-a collimating lens; 31-a fourth lenticular lens; 32-window sheets; 33-a second 45 ° dual wavelength mirror; 34-a first 45 ° harmonic mirror; 35-a second 45 ° harmonic mirror; 36-red laser; 37-third 45 ° harmonic mirror; 38-fourth 45 ° harmonic mirror; 39-fifth 45 ° harmonic mirror; 50-an upper computer; a 60-signal generator; a 70-laser; 80-a light guiding arm; 90-hydrophone; 100-acquisition system; 101-a data acquisition card; 102-a signal processing module.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical problems, technical schemes and beneficial effects to be solved more clear, the utility model is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the utility model.

An air-to-water cross-medium laser induced acoustic communication device provided by an embodiment of the present utility model will now be described. Referring to fig. 1, an air-to-water cross-medium laser induced acoustic communication device comprises a host computer 50, a signal generator 60, a laser 70, a light guide arm 80, a hydrophone 90 and a signal processing module 100.

The upper computer 50 is used for inputting text information, converting the text information into binary data, and performing Manchester encoding. Wherein, in Manchester encoding, a "0" code is denoted by "01", and a "1" code is denoted by "10".

The signal generator 60 is arranged to receive the Manchester encoded information and to convert the Manchester encoded information into a square wave signal. The square wave signal is input as the external trigger Q-switching signal of the laser 70, and another square wave signal with the frequency of 500Hz is input as the external trigger CLKin signal of the laser, and the Q-switching signal and CLKin signal are input into the signal generator 60 at the high level of 5V and the low level of 0V. The rising edge of the Q-switched signal is guaranteed to be at the high level of CLKin, and the laser 70 is controlled to emit pulses via the rising edge of the Q-switched signal.

The laser 70 is a pump solid state laser for generating a laser pulse signal, the laser pulse signal passes through air and enters the water surface through the light guide arm 80, and the laser energy is concentrated at a point on the water surface to generate a thermal expansion effect. The thermal expansion effect converts the laser pulse signal into an acoustic signal that propagates in all directions under water, and the acoustic signal is received by the hydrophone 90 at any position under water.

The hydrophone 90 is used to receive acoustic signals and convert them into electrical signals. The hydrophone 90 transmits electrical signals into the acquisition system 100, the acquisition system 100 comprising a data acquisition card 101 and a signal processing module 102.

The hydrophone 90 is a fiber laser hydrophone.

Specifically, referring to FIG. 2, the laser 70 delivers laser pulse signals to a hydrophone 90 via a light guiding arm 80.

The hydrophone 90 comprises a wavelength division multiplexer and a michelson interferometer, the electrical signals being transmitted via the wavelength division multiplexer to the michelson interferometer, the michelson interferometer transmitting the electrical signals via the photodetector, the amplifier to the data acquisition card 101, the data acquisition card 101 transmitting the electrical signals to the data processing module 102.

An optical isolator is arranged between the wavelength division multiplexer and the Michelson interferometer.

The data processing module 102 comprises a PGC demodulation module, a filtering shaping module, a sampling judgment module and a decoding module, wherein the PGC demodulation module receives the electric signal transmitted by the data acquisition card 101, removes power frequency noise through band-pass filtering of the filtering shaping module, extracts an upper envelope, selects a proper threshold value and generates a square wave signal; the square wave signal enters a sampling judgment module to carry out sampling judgment, then enters a decoding module to carry out decoding, wherein "0001" represents "0", and "0010" represents "1", and finally binary data is converted into text information, so that cross-medium communication from air to water is completed.

The wavelength division multiplexer is suitable for 980nm/1550 nm wavelength light.

A coupler, a photoelectric detector, a piezoelectric ceramic ring and a Darland rotating mirror are arranged in the Michelson interferometer.

The Michelson interferometer is used for feeding back the optical wavelength change of the laser in a distributed mode, and the acoustic signal is converted into phase change due to the action of sound pressure; the fiber optic of one arm of the michelson interferometer is wound around a piezoceramic ring, thereby producing the sinusoidal carrier phase modulation required for PGC demodulation. The PZT driving device generates a sinusoidal signal to modulate the PZT, so that the phase fading phenomenon in the Michelson interferometer is eliminated; the interference signal is converted into a voltage signal by the photoelectric detector, and the voltage signal and the carrier signal are transmitted into the signal processing module 102 by the data acquisition card 101.

In the present utility model, PGC is a phase generating carrier technology, which is a prior art and will not be described herein.

And the PZT driving device is used for generating a sinusoidal signal to modulate the PZT and eliminating the phase fading phenomenon in the interferometer.

Referring to fig. 3, and described to the left in fig. 3, a laser Q-switched component, a laser pulse component, a laser amplifying component, and a light guiding arm are disposed within the laser 70.

The laser Q-switching assembly comprises a rear mirror 1, a Q-switching switch 7 and a right-angle pyramid prism 10, wherein the rear mirror 1 is arranged on the right side of the Q-switching switch 7, the right-angle pyramid prism 10 is arranged on the left side of the Q-switching switch 7, and a first concave lens 2, a first biconvex lens 3, a first convex lens 4, a first wedge plate 5 and a second wedge plate 6 are sequentially arranged between the rear mirror 1 and the Q-switching switch 7 from right to left; a first 1/2 wave plate 8 and a first polaroid 9 are arranged between the right-angle pyramid prism 10 and the Q-switch 7 from right to left in sequence.

The concave side of the first concave lens 2 is disposed toward the rear mirror 1.

The Q-switch 7 receives the optical signal transmitted from the signal generator 60 as a light source (the light source is a square wave transmitted from the signal generator 60 and comprises an external trigger Q-switch signal and an external trigger CLKin signal), the optical signal is transmitted to the rear mirror 1 through the second wedge plate 6, the first wedge plate 5, the first convex lens 4, the first biconvex lens 3 and the first concave lens 2 respectively, the rear mirror 1 reflects the optical signal to the Q-switch 7 according to the original path, and then the optical signal is transmitted to the right angle pyramid prism 10 through the Q-switch 7, and the right angle pyramid prism 10 transmits the optical signal to the laser pulse component.

The laser pulse assembly comprises a pulse module 11, and a second 1/2 wave plate 12, an output mirror 13, a first 1/4 wave plate 14, a first 45-degree dual-wavelength mirror 15 and a first 45-degree plane mirror 16 are sequentially arranged on the right side of the pulse module 11 from left to right. The optical signal output by the right angle pyramid prism 10 is transmitted to a first 45-degree plane mirror 16 through a pulse module 11, a second 1/2 wave plate 12, an output mirror 13, a first 1/4 wave plate 14 and a first 45-degree dual-wavelength mirror 15 in sequence, and the first 45-degree plane mirror 16 reflects light to a laser amplifying component.

The pulse module 11 is obtained in a commercial mode, and is formed by arranging 11 YAG crystal rods in three dimensions in the transverse, longitudinal and vertical directions, wherein the diameter of the YAG crystal rods is 3mm, the total length of the YAG crystal rods is 120mm, and the doping concentration is 0.6%.

The output mirror 13 and the rear mirror 1 are integrally formed, and have a parallelism of 10 seconds, wherein the upper part of the mirror is the output mirror 13 which can pass through optical signals, and the lower part of the mirror is provided with a 1064 nanometer laser high-reflection film layer which is the rear mirror 1 which can reflect laser pulse signals.

The laser amplifying assembly comprises a Faraday rotator 19 and an amplifying module 24, wherein a second 45-degree plane mirror 17 and a second polaroid 18 are sequentially arranged on the right side of the Faraday rotator 19 from right to left, a second 1/4 wave plate 20, a second concave lens 21, a second convex lens 22 and a third 1/4 wave plate 23 are sequentially arranged between the Faraday rotator 19 and the amplifying module 24 from right to left, a fourth 1/4 wave plate 25, a second biconvex lens 26, a third 45-degree plane mirror 27, a fourth 45-degree plane mirror 28, a third biconvex lens 29, a collimating lens 30, a fourth biconvex lens 31 and a window sheet 32 are sequentially arranged on the left side of the amplifying module 24 from right to left.

The laser pulse signal transmitted from the laser pulse unit is transmitted to the light guide arm 80 through the laser amplifying unit.

Wherein the concave side of the second concave lens 21 is arranged towards the magnifying module 24.

The amplifying module 24 is obtained in a commercial mode, and is formed by arranging 11 YAG crystal rods in three dimensions in the transverse, longitudinal and vertical directions, wherein the diameter of each YAG crystal rod is 5mm, the total length of each YAG crystal rod is 120mm, and the doping concentration is 0.6%.

The light guiding arm 80 includes a red laser 36, a second 45 ° dual wavelength mirror 33, and a plurality of 45 ° resonant mirrors, wherein the plurality of 45 ° resonant mirrors are a first 45 ° resonant mirror 34, a second 45 ° resonant mirror 35, a third 45 ° resonant mirror 37, a fourth 45 ° resonant mirror 38, and a fifth 45 ° resonant mirror 39, respectively.

Specifically, the optical signal transmitted from the laser amplifying assembly is transmitted to the second 45 ° dual wavelength mirror 33, and then sequentially transmitted to the third 45 ° resonant mirror 37, the fourth 45 ° resonant mirror 38, and the fifth 45 ° resonant mirror 39 by the second 45 ° dual wavelength mirror 33, and the optical signal is output to the water surface by the fifth 45 ° resonant mirror 39.

The red laser 36 transmits the red laser signal to the second 45 ° dual wavelength mirror 33 through the second 45 ° resonant mirror 35 and the second 45 ° dual wavelength mirror 34, and outputs the laser signal to the water surface together with the optical signal.

Wherein the red laser 36 is used to alert the laser exit location.

The fourth 45-degree resonator mirror 38 and the fifth 45-degree resonator mirror 39 are placed at rotatable joints inside the light guide arm 80.

The components within the laser 70 are all fixed using plating and brackets.

In the utility model, the upper computer inputs text information, converts the text information into binary data, carries out Manchester coding, and the "0" code is represented by "01" and the "1" code is represented by "10". The signal generator is converted into square wave signals to be used as external trigger Q-switched signals of the laser to be transmitted, and meanwhile, another square wave signal with the frequency of 500Hz is required to be transmitted as external trigger CLKin signals of the laser to be transmitted, and the two signals are transmitted at the high level of 5V and the low level of 0V. The rising edge of the Q-switched signal is ensured to be positioned at the high level of CLKin, and the laser is controlled to emit pulses through the rising edge of the Q-switched signal. The laser pulse signal is incident to the water surface through the air through the light guide arm, and the laser energy is gathered at one point of the water surface to generate a thermal expansion effect. And then the laser pulse signals are converted into acoustic signals to be transmitted in all directions under water, and the acoustic signals are received at any position under water through the hydrophone. The hydrophone receives the acoustic signals, the acoustic signals are transmitted into a data processing module of the acquisition system, the data processing module carries out band-pass filtering to remove power frequency noise, an upper envelope is extracted, a proper threshold value is selected, and square wave signals are generated. And sampling and judging the square wave signal, decoding "0001" to represent "0" and "0010" to represent "1", and finally converting binary data into text information to complete cross-medium communication from air to water.

The utility model provides an air-to-water cross-medium laser induced sound communication device, which combines the transmission advantages of laser in an air channel and sound waves in a sea channel to get rid of the limitation of an air-water interface, has the characteristic of no need of disposing any physical transducer in a medium, ensures concealment, and simultaneously, can be disposed in an airplane, a ship or a shore base and the like, thereby meeting the flexibility of a communication system.

The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the utility model is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the utility model.

Claims

1. An air-to-water cross-media laser induced acoustic communication device comprising a laser, characterized in that: the laser transmits a laser pulse signal to the water surface through the light guide arm;

2. An air-to-water cross-media laser induced acoustic communication device according to claim 1 wherein: the laser Q-switching assembly comprises a rear mirror, a Q-switching switch and a right-angle pyramid prism, wherein the rear mirror is arranged on the right side of the Q-switching switch, and the right-angle pyramid prism is arranged on the left side of the Q-switching switch.

3. An air-to-water cross-media laser induced acoustic communication device according to claim 2 wherein: a first concave lens, a first biconvex lens, a first convex lens, a first wedge plate and a second wedge plate are arranged between the rear mirror and the Q-switch; a first 1/2 wave plate and a first polaroid are arranged between the right-angle pyramid prism and the Q-switch; the concave side of the first concave lens is disposed toward the rear mirror.

4. An air-to-water cross-media laser induced acoustic communication device according to claim 2 wherein: the laser pulse assembly comprises a pulse module, and a second 1/2 wave plate, an output mirror, a first 1/4 wave plate, a first 45-degree dual-wavelength mirror and a first 45-degree plane mirror are sequentially arranged on the right side of the pulse module.

5. An air-to-water cross-media laser induced acoustic communication device according to claim 4 wherein: the output mirror and the rear mirror are integrally formed, and the upper part of the mirror body is provided with an output mirror which can pass through laser pulse signals; the lower part of the mirror body is provided with a laser high-reflection film layer which is a rear mirror capable of reflecting laser pulse signals.

6. An air-to-water cross-media laser induced acoustic communication device according to claim 1 wherein: the laser amplifying assembly comprises a Faraday rotator and an amplifying module, and a laser pulse signal transmitted by the laser pulse assembly is transmitted to the light guide arm through the laser amplifying assembly.

7. An air-to-water cross-media laser induced acoustic communication device according to claim 6 wherein: the right side of the Faraday rotator is provided with a second 45-degree plane mirror and a second polaroid, a second 1/4 wave plate, a second concave lens, a second convex lens and a third 1/4 wave plate are arranged between the Faraday rotator and the amplifying module, and the left side of the amplifying module is provided with a fourth 1/4 wave plate, a second biconvex lens, a third 45-degree plane mirror, a fourth 45-degree plane mirror, a third biconvex lens, a collimating lens, a fourth biconvex lens and a window sheet.

8. An air-to-water cross-media laser induced acoustic communication device according to claim 1 wherein: the light guide arm comprises a red light laser, a second 45-degree dual-wavelength mirror and a plurality of 45-degree resonant mirrors, and laser pulse signals transmitted by the laser amplifying assembly are transmitted to the second 45-degree dual-wavelength mirror and then transmitted to the water surface through the plurality of 45-degree resonant mirrors by the second 45-degree dual-wavelength mirror;

9. An air-to-water cross-media laser induced acoustic communication device according to claim 1 wherein: the device also comprises an upper computer, a signal generator, a hydrophone and a signal processing module;

10. An air-to-water cross-media laser induced acoustic communication device according to claim 9 wherein: the acquisition system comprises a data acquisition card and a signal processing module;