CN219677555U - Airborne low-scattering conformal omnidirectional antenna - Google Patents
Airborne low-scattering conformal omnidirectional antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN219677555U CN219677555U CN202321315085.3U CN202321315085U CN219677555U CN 219677555 U CN219677555 U CN 219677555U CN 202321315085 U CN202321315085 U CN 202321315085U CN 219677555 U CN219677555 U CN 219677555U
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 8
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Abstract
The utility model discloses an airborne low-scattering conformal omnidirectional antenna, which belongs to the technical field of antennas and comprises a low-profile deformed monopole antenna and a low-scattering cavity; the low scattering cavity is of a table-shaped shell structure, the top end of the low scattering cavity is an opening, and a conformal mounting flange is arranged at the edge of the opening; the low-profile deformed monopole antenna is positioned in the low-scattering cavity; the low-profile deformed monopole antenna mainly comprises a patch, a gradual change feed structure and a grounding column; the top end of the gradual change feed structure is connected to the lower surface of the patch, and the bottom end of the gradual change feed structure is connected to the bottom of the low-scattering cavity; the grounding column is connected between the patch and the bottom of the low scattering cavity, and an included angle which is not 90 degrees is formed between the grounding column and the bottom of the low scattering cavity; the lower part of the low scattering cavity is provided with a radio frequency connector, an inner core of the radio frequency connector is connected with the gradual change feed structure, and an outer core is connected with the bottom of the low scattering cavity. The utility model can realize the in-band and out-of-band wide-angle domain RCS reduction of the omnidirectional antenna on the basis of ensuring the radiation performance of the array antenna.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of antennas, and particularly relates to an airborne low-scattering conformal omnidirectional antenna.
Background
The omnidirectional antenna is widely applied to an unmanned aerial vehicle antenna communication system, and the reduction of the RCS (radio frequency section) of the omnidirectional antenna becomes a difficult problem to be solved on the basis of guaranteeing the radiation performance of the omnidirectional antenna. The antenna RCS shrinkage reduction technology mainly comprises an antenna shaping technology, a wave absorbing material technology, a scattering cancellation technology and a stealth radome technology, wherein the shaping technology is mainly used for microstrip unit design; the wave-absorbing material technology has great influence on the radiation performance of the antenna; the frequency selective radome can reduce the out-of-band RCS of the array antenna, but cannot reduce the in-band RCS of the antenna; the scatter cancellation technique does not achieve RCS reduction in the antenna wide angular domain. With the improvement of stealth performance of a platform, the demands for conformal omni-directional antennas and stealth technologies thereof are becoming urgent, and conformal design of omni-directional antennas and wide-band wide-angle domain RCS reduction have important application values.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to provide an airborne low-scattering conformal omnidirectional antenna. The in-band and out-of-band wide-angle domain RCS reduction of the omni-directional antenna can be realized by the low profile, structural modification and conformal design of the antenna structure on the basis of guaranteeing the radiation performance of the array antenna.
The technical scheme provided by the utility model is as follows:
an airborne low-scattering conformal omnidirectional antenna comprises a low-profile deformed monopole antenna and a low-scattering cavity;
the low scattering cavity is of a table-shaped shell structure, the top end of the low scattering cavity is an opening, and a conformal mounting flange is arranged at the edge of the opening; the low-profile deformed monopole antenna is positioned in the low-scattering cavity;
the low-profile deformed monopole antenna mainly comprises a patch 6, a gradual change feed structure 7 and a grounding post 8; the top end of the gradual change feed structure is connected to the lower surface of the patch, and the bottom end of the gradual change feed structure is connected to the bottom of the low-scattering cavity; the grounding column is connected between the patch and the bottom of the low scattering cavity, and an included angle which is not 90 degrees is formed between the grounding column and the bottom of the low scattering cavity;
the lower part of the low scattering cavity is provided with a radio frequency connector, an inner core of the radio frequency connector is connected with the gradual change feed structure, and an outer core is connected with the bottom of the low scattering cavity.
Further, the opening of the low scattering cavity is covered with a skin protection layer.
Furthermore, the skin protective layer material is a composite material with good wave-transmitting performance and comprises quartz cyanate, glass fiber reinforced plastic and polyimide.
Further, the central axes of the low-profile deformed monopole antenna 1 and the low-scattering cavity 2 are coincident; the inclination direction of the side wall of the low scattering cavity is the same as that of the grounding column, and the side wall of the low scattering cavity is inclined inwards or outwards.
Further, the low scattering cavity is filled with foaming materials.
Further, there is no contact between the ground post and the tapered feed structure.
Further, the skin protection layer is in contact with the upper surface of the patch.
Further, the shape of the opening of the low scattering cavity is adapted to the shape of the patch.
Further, the gradual change feed structure is thin slice structure or toper structure, and a plurality of grounding posts enclose in gradual change feed structure's outside.
The airborne low-scattering conformal omnidirectional antenna has the characteristics of wide frequency band and wide angle range and low RCS (radio frequency section) on the basis of ensuring good radiation performance. Compared with the traditional omni-directional antenna, the utility model has the following advantages:
1) The stealth design of the radar platform can be improved. The conformal omnidirectional antenna has the advantage of low profile, can be mounted in a conformal way with a platform, and greatly improves the stealth performance of the antenna;
2) The antenna can be conformally mounted with the platform, and adverse effects of the radar antenna on the weapon platform on the aerodynamic performance of the platform can be improved or eliminated.
3) The antenna greatly enhances the stealth effect of the antenna through the low-scattering appearance design of the antenna and the mounting cavity structure thereof, and has the advantages of lower profile and lower RCS compared with other antennas of the same type.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a first embodiment of the present utility model.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of the present utility model.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the low-profile monopole antenna in fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the low-profile monopole antenna of fig. 2.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a top-loaded patch.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a top-loaded patch two.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a top-loaded patch three.
Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a top-loaded patch.
Detailed Description
An airborne low-scattering conformal omnidirectional antenna mainly comprises a low-profile deformed monopole antenna 1, a low-scattering cavity 2, a skin protection layer 3, a conformal mounting flange 4 and a radio frequency connector 5.
The low profile monopole antenna is comprised of a top loaded patch 6, a graded feed structure 7 and a plurality of ground posts 8.
The patch can be diamond, round or polygonal, or non-rotationally symmetrical, and the shape is required to be designed integrally and optimally according to radiation performance and scattering performance.
The structure can be a three-dimensional conical structure or a two-dimensional sheet structure, the upper surface size of the gradual feeding structure is smaller than the size of the top-loaded patch, and the lower surface size of the gradual feeding structure is smaller than the outer core diameter of the radio frequency connector.
The grounding column is connected between the loading patch and the bottom of the cavity, so that the section height of the antenna can be greatly reduced. The ground post is tilt loaded, can be tilted inward or outward, and is used for reducing the RCS of the antenna.
The number of the grounding posts can be 4-8, the positions of the grounding posts are optimized according to the characteristics of current on the top loading patch, the impedance matching of the antenna is realized, and the grounding posts can be distributed in a rotationally symmetrical mode or in an asymmetrical mode.
The side wall of the low scattering cavity is of an inclined side wall structure, the side wall and the grounding column incline inwards or outwards simultaneously, the scattering of the cavity can be reduced, and foaming materials are filled in the cavity. According to the RCS requirement of the antenna, the inclination angles of the side wall of the cavity and the grounding column can be optimally designed.
The bore of the cavity may be diamond, circular or polygonal in configuration, similar to the top-loaded patch in a low profile monopole.
The skin protective layer is fixed above the low-profile monopole and is conformal with the skin of the airframe, and the skin protective layer material can be a composite material with good wave-transmitting performance such as quartz cyanate, glass fiber reinforced plastic, polyimide and the like.
The conformal mounting flange is diamond or polygonal.
For the specific manufacturing process of the high-frequency band antenna, the following mounting steps are adopted:
s1, a low-profile monopole antenna and the bottom of a cavity are of an integrated metal structure, and the integrated monopole antenna is formed by high-precision machining, and a threaded hole is reserved at the bottom;
s2, placing the low-profile monopole antenna in a low-scattering cavity, wherein threaded holes at the bottom of the low-profile monopole are aligned with threaded holes at the bottom of the cavity;
s3, penetrating the radio frequency connector through the bottom of the cavity and penetrating into a gradual change feed structure of the low-profile monopole to be screwed or welded;
s4, a screw penetrates through the threaded holes of the low-profile monopole, the low-scattering cavity and the radio frequency connector flange to be fixedly connected;
s5, injecting a foaming material into the cavity;
s6, fixing the skin protective layer on the outer surface of the antenna in an adhesive or screw connection mode.
The following are more specific examples:
the embodiment provides a novel airborne low-scattering conformal omnidirectional antenna design and installation mode, which mainly comprises a low-profile deformed monopole antenna 1, a low-scattering cavity 2, a skin protection layer 3 and a conformal installation flange 4, and particularly refers to fig. 1 and 2.
The low profile deformed monopole antenna is placed inside a low scattering cavity and consists of a top loaded patch 6, a graded feed structure 7 and a plurality of ground posts 8. The gradual feed structure can broaden the impedance matching bandwidth of the antenna, and the grounding posts can excite a plurality of radiation modes of the antenna to realize the radiation of the antenna in a wide frequency band. The number of the grounding posts can be 4-8, and the positions of the grounding posts are optimized according to the characteristics of the current on the top loading patch, so that the impedance matching of the antenna is realized, and particularly referring to fig. 3 and 4.
The side wall of the low scattering cavity is of an inclined side wall structure, so that the scattering of the cavity can be reduced. The top-loaded patch in the low-profile monopole may be diamond, circular, or polygonal in configuration, similar in shape to the cavity. Referring to fig. 5-8, effective radiation and low RCS of the antenna is achieved by controlling the gap between the cavity and the monopole antenna. The skin protective layer is loaded on the antenna port surface and is conformal with the fuselage, and the conformal mounting flange is diamond-shaped.
When the working frequency band of the antenna is a high frequency band, the low-profile monopole antenna and the bottom of the cavity are of an integrated metal structure, and the low-profile monopole antenna is formed by high-precision machining, and a threaded hole is reserved at the bottom for installation, as shown in fig. 3. The low-profile monopole antenna is placed in a low scattering cavity with the threaded hole at the bottom of the low-profile monopole aligned with the through hole at the bottom of the cavity. The radio frequency connector passes through the bottom of the cavity and is threaded or welded into the gradual change feed structure of the low-profile monopole. Screws are adopted to penetrate through threaded holes or through holes of the low-profile monopole, the low-scattering cavity and the radio frequency connector flange for connection and fixation. Injecting foaming material into the cavity, and fixing the skin protective layer on the outer surface of the antenna in an adhesive or screw connection mode.
The traditional conformal antenna is in a vertical cavity and vertical ground post structure, and the low-scattering antenna provided by the utility model greatly improves the stealth performance of the antenna through the design of the inclined side wall of the cavity, the inclined ground post and the like.
In conclusion, the antenna has the advantages of low profile and low RCS, is easy to be mounted in a conformal way with a platform, and is particularly suitable for a new generation of airborne and missile-borne communication systems.
Claims (8)
1. An airborne low-scattering conformal omnidirectional antenna is characterized by comprising a low-profile deformed monopole antenna (1) and a low-scattering cavity (2);
the low scattering cavity is of a table-shaped shell structure, the top end of the low scattering cavity is an opening, and a conformal mounting flange is arranged at the edge of the opening; the low-profile deformed monopole antenna is positioned in the low-scattering cavity;
the low-profile deformed monopole antenna mainly comprises a patch (6), a gradual change feed structure (7) and a grounding column (8); the top end of the gradual change feed structure is connected to the lower surface of the patch, and the bottom end of the gradual change feed structure is connected to the bottom of the low-scattering cavity; the grounding column is connected between the patch and the bottom of the low scattering cavity, and an included angle which is not 90 degrees is formed between the grounding column and the bottom of the low scattering cavity;
the lower part of the low scattering cavity is provided with a radio frequency connector, an inner core of the radio frequency connector is connected with the gradual change feed structure, and an outer core is connected with the bottom of the low scattering cavity.
2. An airborne low-scattering conformal omnidirectional antenna according to claim 1, wherein the opening of the low-scattering cavity is covered with a skin shield.
3. An on-board low-scattering conformal omnidirectional antenna according to claim 1, wherein the central axes of the low-profile deformed monopole antenna (1) and the low-scattering cavity (2) coincide; the inclination direction of the side wall of the low scattering cavity is the same as that of the grounding column, and the side wall of the low scattering cavity is inclined inwards or outwards.
4. An airborne low-scattering conformal omnidirectional antenna according to claim 3, wherein the low-scattering cavity is filled with a foaming material.
5. An on-board low scattering conformal omnidirectional antenna according to claim 1, wherein there is no contact between the ground post and the tapered feed structure.
6. An airborne low scattering conformal omnidirectional antenna according to claim 2, wherein said skin guard layer is in contact with the upper surface of the patch.
7. An on-board low-scattering conformal omnidirectional antenna according to claim 1, wherein the low-scattering cavity has an opening shape and a patch shape adapted.
8. The airborne low-scattering conformal omnidirectional antenna of claim 1, wherein the tapered feed structure is a sheet structure or a cone structure, and the plurality of ground posts are disposed around the outer side of the tapered feed structure.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202321315085.3U CN219677555U (en) | 2023-05-29 | 2023-05-29 | Airborne low-scattering conformal omnidirectional antenna |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202321315085.3U CN219677555U (en) | 2023-05-29 | 2023-05-29 | Airborne low-scattering conformal omnidirectional antenna |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN219677555U true CN219677555U (en) | 2023-09-12 |
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ID=87927149
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202321315085.3U Active CN219677555U (en) | 2023-05-29 | 2023-05-29 | Airborne low-scattering conformal omnidirectional antenna |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN219677555U (en) |
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2023
- 2023-05-29 CN CN202321315085.3U patent/CN219677555U/en active Active
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