CN219670672U - Electrolysis device for metal electrorefining - Google Patents

Electrolysis device for metal electrorefining Download PDF

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Publication number
CN219670672U
CN219670672U CN202320753368.XU CN202320753368U CN219670672U CN 219670672 U CN219670672 U CN 219670672U CN 202320753368 U CN202320753368 U CN 202320753368U CN 219670672 U CN219670672 U CN 219670672U
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electrolytic
electrolysis
tank
electrolyte
shaped structure
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赵庆虚
姚丽佳
孙彦华
周娴
李恒
李雨耕
包崇军
张永平
张玮
李玉章
雷华志
冯炜光
闫森
刁微之
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Kunming Metallurgical Research Institute
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Kunming Metallurgical Research Institute
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20Recycling

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Abstract

The utility model discloses an electrolytic device for metal electrorefining, which is characterized in that a liquid storage tank, an electrolytic tank and a liquid collecting tank are communicated through a pipeline to form a closed loop, the electrolytic tank is a square tank, the bottom of the electrolytic tank is of a V-shaped structure, a heating component is at least fixed on one side of an electrolyte input port of the electrolytic tank, a plurality of stirring devices are arranged on inclined planes on two sides of the bottom of the V-shaped structure at intervals, a discharge port is arranged at the bottommost end of the bottom of the V-shaped structure, and a collecting tank is arranged below the discharge port of the electrolytic tank. According to the utility model, the plurality of stirring devices are arranged on the inclined planes at two sides of the bottom of the V-shaped structure of the electrolytic tank, and the heating component is arranged at least at one side of the electrolyte input port at the lower part of the electrolytic tank, so that the problems of incapability of regulating and controlling the electrolyte temperature, difficulty in homogenizing the electrolyte and serious concentration polarization of the traditional electrolytic device are solved, the purposes of improving the controllability and ensuring the continuity of the electrolytic process and finally improving the quality of an electrolytic product are achieved, and the electrolytic device has the characteristics of simplicity in operation, high electrolytic efficiency and good quality of the electrolytic product.

Description

Electrolysis device for metal electrorefining
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of hydrometallurgy, in particular to an electrolysis device for metal electrorefining, which is simple to operate, high in electrolysis efficiency and good in electrolysis product quality.
Background
Electrorefining is a common purification technique for hydrometallurgy. In the process of electrolysis, crude metal is used as an anode, a salt solution containing metal to be prepared is used as electrolyte, and impurities with the dissolving potential being more positive than that of refined metal are remained in the anode or deposited in anode mud by controlling the electrolysis potential, and are separated and recovered by other methods; and impurities with a dissolution potential more negative than the refined metal dissolve into the solution and do not precipitate on the cathode, thereby obtaining refined high-purity metal on the cathode. Electrolytic refining has been used to separate and purify valuable metal elements, which are used in many ways in the purification of copper, zinc, silver and various noble metals.
At present, in the electrolytic refining process, heat balance and material balance are two major conditions of stable operation of electrolysis: the low temperature in the electrolysis process affects the electrolysis efficiency, and the high temperature easily causes a large amount of bubbles to be attached to the surface of the cathode, affects the surface quality of refined metal and prevents metal deposition; in the electrolysis process, the concentration of the electrolyte is uneven, so that the homogeneous degree and concentration polarization phenomenon of the electrolyte are caused, and the voltages of all the polar plates are inconsistent, thereby affecting the electrolysis efficiency and the quality of the electrolyzed product.
In the prior art, in order to solve the heat balance problem in the electrolysis process, a mode of directly introducing steam into the electrolyte to directly control the temperature exists, but a large amount of water is brought in to cause the imbalance of the components of the electrolyte; the water jacket or the oil jacket is arranged outside the electrolytic tank, and the electrolyte is indirectly heated through hot water or hot oil, but the structure is complex, so that the risk of leakage and pollution of the electrolyte exists, and the replacement of a heating part in the water jacket or the oil jacket is complicated; there are also heating parts added in the liquid storage tank of the electrolyzer, which is solved by directly supplying the hot electrolyte into the electrolyzer, but the electrolyte circulation amount is smaller because the volume of the electrolyzer is larger, the electrolyte with higher temperature needs to be introduced to maintain the temperature in the electrolyzer, and the excessive temperature can cause the change of part of components in the electrolyte, thereby influencing the normal operation of the electrolysis. In order to solve the material balance problem, an analysis device and a feeding mechanism are added on a liquid storage tank or an electrolytic tank to maintain the material balance of electrolyte supplied into the electrolytic tank, but the electrolyte is easy to generate upper and lower layering in the electrolytic tank, and is highest at an electrolyte inlet, and is lowered to an electrolyte outlet along with electrolysis consumption, so that the electrolyte in the electrolytic tank is unbalanced; for this reason, there are also solutions in which stirring means are added to the upper part or side part of the electrolytic cell, but the electrolytic electrode is limited due to the occupation of the electrolytic space, which affects the electrolytic efficiency, and the surface quality of the electrolytic product is also affected by the vigorous stirring of the electrode side. Therefore, the temperature control of the electrolyte, the homogeneous degree of the electrolyte and the concentration polarization phenomenon in the electrolysis process are difficult to solve or eliminate, so that a plurality of researchers have improved ideas, such as a cyclone electrolysis technology, and part of technical indexes are improved in production. However, improvements such as cyclone electrolysis technology not only have the problem of high equipment design, manufacturing and maintenance costs, resulting in insufficient coverage of application, but also have less closely related research and production because of different requirements from basic experimental research to industrial production.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to provide an electrolysis device for metal electrorefining, which has the advantages of simple operation, high electrolysis efficiency and good quality of electrolysis products.
The utility model is realized in the following way: including reservoir, electrolysis trough, liquid collecting tank, heating element, reservoir, electrolysis trough and liquid collecting tank communicate in proper order through the pipeline and form closed loop, the electrolysis trough is square groove and bottom for V-arrangement structure, heating element is fixed to be set up in electrolyte input port one side of electrolysis trough lower part at least, the interval is provided with a plurality of agitating unit on the both sides inclined plane of V-arrangement structure bottom of electrolysis trough, the bottommost end of V-arrangement structure bottom of electrolysis trough is provided with the discharge gate, the discharge gate below of electrolysis trough is provided with the collecting tank.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows:
1. according to the utility model, the plurality of stirring devices are arranged on the inclined planes at the two sides of the bottom of the V-shaped structure of the electrolytic tank, so that concentration polarization problem caused by reduction of ion migration speed in the electrolytic process can be eliminated, voltage drop of an electric conduction system in the electrolytic process is reduced, and the lower structure does not occupy electrode arrangement space, so that the quality of an electrolytic product can be effectively improved while the continuity of the electrolytic process is ensured.
2. The utility model has the advantages that the heating component is arranged at least at one side of the electrolyte input port at the lower part of the electrolytic tank, the structure is simpler and is convenient to replace, the heating component with corresponding power can be conveniently arranged according to the heat capacity of the electrolyte in the electrolytic tank, and under the condition that the temperature of the electrolyte near the heating component is not remarkably improved by flushing and stirring the electrolyte by the input electrolyte, the temperature change interval of the electrolyte can be effectively reduced, the volatilization amount of the electrolyte can be reduced, the components of the electrolyte can be stabilized, the controllability of the electrolytic process can be improved, and the quality of electrolytic products can be finally improved on the premise of ensuring the electrolytic efficiency. Particularly, a temperature sensor is arranged in the electrolytic tank and is connected with a temperature controller, so that the automatic and accurate control of the temperature of the electrolyte can be realized.
3. The electrolytic tank is provided with the bottom of the V-shaped structure, the V-shaped bottom is provided with the discharge hole and is matched with the collecting tank, and the V-shaped bottom can facilitate natural precipitation, aggregation and discharge of sediment in the electrolyte, so that the adhesion of the sediment on the surface of the cathode can be reduced or even avoided; and a plurality of stirring devices are arranged on the inclined plane of the V-shaped bottom, so that the upward-flowing electrolyte can mutually cross and internally collide, the stirring effect is effectively improved, bubbles attached to the electrode plates can be separated, and sediments attached to the heating component can be separated, thereby improving the quality of electrolytic products and prolonging the service life of the heating component.
Therefore, the utility model has the characteristics of simple operation, high electrolysis efficiency and good electrolysis product quality.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of the present utility model;
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the stirred tank of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a stirring paddle of the stirring device of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the liquid collecting tank of FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a second schematic diagram of the structure of the present utility model;
in the figure: 1-liquid storage tank, 2-electrolytic tank, 3-liquid collecting tank, 4-heating component, 5-stirring device, 6-discharge port, 7-collecting tank, 8-temperature sensor, 9-overflow pipe, 10-circulating pump, 11-filter plate, 12-conducting strip.
Detailed Description
The present utility model will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present utility model more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the utility model.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the utility model comprises a liquid storage tank 1, an electrolytic tank 2, a liquid collecting tank 3 and a heating component 4, wherein the liquid storage tank 1, the electrolytic tank 2 and the liquid collecting tank 3 are sequentially communicated through pipelines to form a closed loop, the electrolytic tank 2 is a square tank and the bottom is of a V-shaped structure, the heating component 4 is at least fixedly arranged on one side of an electrolyte input port at the lower part of the electrolytic tank 2, a plurality of stirring devices 5 are arranged on inclined planes at two sides of the bottom of the V-shaped structure of the electrolytic tank 2 at intervals, a discharge port 6 is arranged at the bottommost end of the bottom of the V-shaped structure of the electrolytic tank 2, and a collecting tank 7 is arranged below the discharge port 6 of the electrolytic tank 2.
As shown in fig. 2, the electrolyte inlet of the electrolytic tank 2 is disposed at the upper part of the bottom of the V-shaped structure, and the heating member 4 is disposed at the upper part and/or the open end of the electrolyte inlet.
The electrolytic tank 2 is provided with a temperature sensor 8 at least on the inner wall of one side along the flowing direction of the electrolyte, the temperature sensor 8 is connected with a temperature controller outside the electrolytic tank 2, and the temperature controller is electrically connected with the power control end of the heating component 4. The temperature sensor 8 can be used for monitoring the temperature change of the electrolyte in real time, and the temperature controller is communicated with the heating component 4 arranged in the electrolyte tank 2 to automatically control the temperature of the electrolyte, so that the temperature change range of the electrolyte in the electrolyte tank 2 can be reduced, and the purposes of reducing the volatilization amount of the electrolyte and stabilizing the components of the electrolyte are achieved.
The temperature sensor 8 is fixedly arranged at the midpoint of the side wall of the electrolytic tank 2 along the flowing direction of the electrolyte.
As shown in fig. 5, the heating member 4 and the temperature sensor 8 are also provided in the liquid storage tank 1 and/or the liquid collection tank 3.
As shown in fig. 2, the stirring devices 5 of the present utility model are symmetrically arranged on both sides or staggered on both sides of the bottom of the V-shaped structure of the electrolytic tank 2, and the stirring shaft of the stirring device 5 can rotate to vertically or obliquely penetrate through the side inclined surface of the bottom of the V-shaped structure. The stirring device 5 can stir the electrolyte in the electrolytic tank 2, thereby enhancing the circulation of the electrolyte, eliminating concentration polarization problem generated by the reduction of ion migration speed in the electrolytic process and reducing the voltage drop of a conductive system in the electrolysis.
The center distance of the stirring shaft of the stirring device 5 along the length direction of the bottom of the V-shaped structure is 0.15-0.25 time of the length of the bottom of the V-shaped structure.
The stirring shaft and the stirring paddles of the stirring device 5 are made of one of polytetrafluoroethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, acrylic and resin, and the number of paddles of the stirring paddles is 2-6.
The electrolytic tank 2 is provided with an overflow pipe 9 at one end far away from the electrolyte input port, and the outlet of the overflow pipe 9 extends into the liquid collecting tank 3.
As shown in fig. 5, a circulating pump 10 is arranged on a pipeline between the liquid storage tank 1 and the electrolytic tank 2 and/or the liquid collecting tank 3 and the liquid storage tank 1, and a filter plate 11 is arranged between a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet in the liquid storage tank 1 and/or the liquid collecting tank 3.
Conductive strips 12 are arranged at the periphery of the upper part of the electrolytic tank 2 and/or at the middle position along the flowing direction of electrolyte, and the conductive strips 12 are electrically connected with a polar plate circuit. The conductive strips are used for ensuring the stable performance of the electrolysis process.
The discharge hole 6 is arranged at the midpoint position of the bottom of the V-shaped structure of the electrolytic tank 2 in the length direction, and the electrolytic tank 2 is provided with a control valve below the discharge hole 6.
The collecting tank 7 is of a frame-shaped structure with an upper opening, and a filter screen is obliquely arranged at the upper part of the collecting tank.
The heating component 4 is an electric heating rod or a serpentine steam pipe.
The working principle and the working process of the utility model are as follows:
as shown in fig. 1 to 4, in operation, before the electrolysis operation, the circulating pump 10 and the heating component 4 are started, if necessary, the stirring device 5 is started, electrolyte in the electrolytic tank 2 flows into the liquid collecting tank 3 through the overflow pipe 9, the liquid collecting tank 3 discharges the electrolyte into the liquid storage tank 1 through the circulating pump 10, the electrolyte in the liquid storage tank 1 forms circulating flow in the self-flowing electrolytic tank 2, the temperature sensor 8 in the electrolytic tank 2 monitors the temperature value of the electrolyte in real time, a heating temperature threshold value is preset, and when the temperature value reaches the preset heating temperature threshold value, the electrolysis operation can be performed by displaying or alarming; in the electrolytic operation process, the temperature controller monitors the temperature of the electrolyte in real time through the temperature sensor 8, controls all or part of the heating components 4 to work when necessary, and simultaneously controls the stirring device 5 to work according to preset stirring time length, stirring time interval and stirring blade speed, so that the temperature and concentration of the electrolyte in the electrolytic tank 2 are uniformly distributed, and the electrolytic efficiency and electrolytic quality are improved. After one-time electrolysis, according to the preset electrolysis time or according to the amount of sediment, a valve on a discharge hole 6 is opened to discharge sediment at the bottom of the electrolytic tank 2 into a collecting tank 7.
Example 1
Electrolytic pure zinc powder was produced by electrolysis using the electrolytic apparatus shown in fig. 1 to 4 and using the collecting tank 7 shown in fig. 4: the electrolysis temperature is 40 ℃ and the current density is 500A/m 2 The inter-electrode distance is 30mm, the acidity is 110g/L, the zinc ion concentration is 55g/L, and finally the high-purity zinc with the purity of 99.995-99.999% can be prepared.
Example 2
Electrolytic pure silver powder was produced by using the electrolytic apparatus shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 and using the collecting tank 7 shown in FIG. 4 at 35℃and a current density of 460A/m 2 The homopolar distance is 150mm, the acidity is 50g/L, the silver ion concentration is 250g/L, and the high-purity silver with 99.999 percent is prepared.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, but the scope of the present utility model is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions easily contemplated by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present utility model should be included in the scope of the present utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of the present utility model should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides an electrolytic device for metal electrorefining, its characterized in that includes reservoir (1), electrolysis trough (2), receipts cistern (3), heating element (4), reservoir (1), electrolysis trough (2) and receipts cistern (3) communicate in proper order through the pipeline and form closed loop, electrolysis trough (2) are square groove and bottom and are V-arrangement structure, heating element (4) are fixed at least to be set up in electrolyte input port one side of electrolysis trough (2) lower part, the interval is provided with a plurality of agitating unit (5) on the both sides inclined plane of V-arrangement structure bottom of electrolysis trough (2), the bottommost of V-arrangement structure bottom of electrolysis trough (2) is provided with discharge gate (6), discharge gate (6) below of electrolysis trough (2) is provided with collecting tank (7).
2. The electrolysis apparatus for electrolytic refining of metals according to claim 1, wherein the electrolyte inlet of the electrolysis cell (2) is provided at the upper part of the bottom of the V-shaped structure, and the heating member (4) is provided at the upper part and/or the open end of the electrolyte inlet.
3. The electrolysis device for the electrolytic refining of metals according to claim 2, characterized in that the electrolysis cell (2) is provided with a temperature sensor (8) at least on one side inner wall in the direction of flow of the electrolyte, the temperature sensor (8) being connected with a temperature controller outside the electrolysis cell (2), the temperature controller being electrically connected with the power supply control terminal of the heating element (4).
4. An electrolysis device for the electrorefining of metals as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that a heating element (4) and a temperature sensor (8) are also arranged in the liquid reservoir (1) and/or liquid receiving tank (3).
5. The electrolytic device for metal electrorefining as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a plurality of stirring devices (5) are symmetrically arranged on both sides or are arranged on both sides of the inclined surface of the bottom of the V-shaped structure of the electrolytic cell (2) in a staggered manner, and the stirring shaft of the stirring device (5) can rotate vertically or obliquely penetrate through the side inclined surface of the bottom of the V-shaped structure.
6. The electrolytic device for metal electrorefining according to claim 5, wherein the center distance of the stirring shaft of the stirring device (5) along the length direction of the bottom of the V-shaped structure is 0.15-0.25 times the length of the bottom of the V-shaped structure.
7. The electrolytic device for metal electrorefining as claimed in claim 5, wherein the stirring shaft and the stirring paddle of the stirring device (5) are made of one of polytetrafluoroethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, acrylic and resin, and the number of paddles of the stirring paddle is 2-6.
8. An electrolysis device for the electrorefining of metals according to claim 5, characterized in that the electrolysis cell (2) is provided with an overflow pipe (9) at the end remote from the electrolyte inlet, the outlet of the overflow pipe (9) extending into the collecting tank (3).
9. The electrolysis device for metal electrorefining according to claim 5, characterized in that a circulating pump (10) is arranged on a pipeline between the liquid storage tank (1) and the electrolysis tank (2) and/or the liquid collecting tank (3) and the liquid storage tank (1), and a filter plate (11) is arranged between a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet in the liquid storage tank (1) and/or the liquid collecting tank (3).
10. The electrolysis apparatus for electrolytic refining of metals according to claim 7, characterized in that the upper periphery of the electrolytic tank (2) and/or the middle position along the flowing direction of the electrolyte are provided with conductive strips (12), and the conductive strips (12) are electrically connected with the electrode plate circuit.
CN202320753368.XU 2023-04-07 2023-04-07 Electrolysis device for metal electrorefining Active CN219670672U (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202320753368.XU CN219670672U (en) 2023-04-07 2023-04-07 Electrolysis device for metal electrorefining

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202320753368.XU CN219670672U (en) 2023-04-07 2023-04-07 Electrolysis device for metal electrorefining

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN219670672U true CN219670672U (en) 2023-09-12

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ID=87928404

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202320753368.XU Active CN219670672U (en) 2023-04-07 2023-04-07 Electrolysis device for metal electrorefining

Country Status (1)

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CN (1) CN219670672U (en)

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