CN219643115U - Millimeter wave radar array antenna system, device, circuit board and electronic equipment - Google Patents
Millimeter wave radar array antenna system, device, circuit board and electronic equipment Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The utility model provides a millimeter wave radar array antenna system, a device, a circuit board and electronic equipment, which are used for receiving and transmitting millimeter wave radio frequency signals and comprise: the first antenna subarray, the second antenna subarray, the third antenna subarray and the fourth antenna subarray are annularly arranged along the first direction; the first antenna subarray, the second antenna subarray, the third antenna subarray and the fourth antenna subarray all comprise a plurality of antenna units and are annularly arranged along a first direction in sequence; the arrangement direction of a plurality of antenna units in the first antenna subarray is parallel to the arrangement direction of a plurality of antenna units in the third antenna subarray; the arrangement direction of a plurality of antenna units in the second antenna subarray is parallel to the arrangement direction of a plurality of antenna units in the fourth antenna subarray; the millimeter wave radar antenna unit solves the problems that the millimeter wave radar antenna unit improves the angle resolution of the millimeter wave radar in a limited physical space and suppresses the mutual coupling influence between the antenna units.
Description
Technical Field
The present utility model relates to the field of radars, and in particular, to a millimeter wave radar array antenna system, a millimeter wave radar array antenna device, a circuit board, and an electronic device.
Background
Millimeter wave radars have ideal distance and speed measurement performance, while angle measurement performance is limited. The angular resolution of millimeter wave radar often determines whether it can play an important role in a practical scenario. An effective means for improving the angular resolution is to directly enlarge the aperture of the array by increasing the number of antennas, but in general, the physical positions provided for the antennas to be laid are very limited, so that the angular resolution and the target recognition capability of the radar need to be improved by optimizing the layout of the antenna elements under the condition of limited number of antenna elements.
However, in the context of applying a high carrier frequency radar, the phenomenon of mutual coupling between antenna units occurs when the antenna unit spacing is too small, which is very unfavorable for the result of DOA (direction of arrival) estimation, so how to achieve high resolution of millimeter wave radar angle and suppress the mutual coupling influence between antenna units in a limited space is a problem to be solved in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model provides a millimeter wave radar array antenna system, a device, a circuit board and electronic equipment, which are used for solving the problems of improving the angular resolution of a millimeter wave radar and inhibiting the mutual coupling influence between antenna units.
According to a first aspect of the present utility model, there is provided a millimeter wave radar array antenna system for receiving and transmitting millimeter wave radio frequency signals, comprising: the first antenna subarray, the second antenna subarray, the third antenna subarray and the fourth antenna subarray;
the first antenna subarray, the second antenna subarray, the third antenna subarray and the fourth antenna subarray are annularly arranged along a first direction;
the first antenna subarray, the second antenna subarray, the third antenna subarray and the fourth antenna subarray all comprise a plurality of antenna units; the plurality of antenna units in the first antenna subarray, the second antenna subarray, the third antenna subarray and the fourth antenna subarray are annularly arranged along the first direction in sequence; the arrangement direction of the plurality of antenna units in the first antenna subarray is parallel to the arrangement direction of the plurality of antenna units in the third antenna subarray; the arrangement direction of the plurality of antenna units in the second antenna subarray is parallel to the arrangement direction of the plurality of antenna units in the fourth antenna subarray;
the first antenna subarray and the third antenna subarray are receiving antenna subarrays, and the second antenna subarray and the fourth antenna subarray are transmitting antenna subarrays; or the first antenna subarray and the third antenna subarray are transmitting antenna subarrays, and the second antenna subarray and the fourth antenna subarray are receiving antenna subarrays.
Optionally, the first antenna subarray and the third antenna subarray present a minimum redundant array; the minimum redundant array characterizes an array presentation form of the first antenna subarray and the third antenna subarray when the subarray aperture of the millimeter wave radar array antenna system in the second direction is maximum under the condition of limited antenna units; the second direction characterizes an arrangement direction of antenna elements in the first antenna subarray or the third antenna subarray.
Optionally, the second antenna element and/or the fourth antenna element presents a uniform linear array.
Optionally, the receiving antenna subarray includes a plurality of receiving antenna units, and the transmitting antenna subarray includes a plurality of transmitting antenna units; when the first antenna subarray and the third antenna subarray are receiving antenna subarrays and the second antenna subarray and the fourth antenna subarray are transmitting antenna subarrays, the minimum redundant array specifically comprises:
the arrangement length of the plurality of receiving antenna units in the receiving antenna subarrays is L RX And the receiving antenna units are arranged in equal height; wherein the L is RX Characterizing the arrangement length of the receiving antenna units in the receiving antenna subarrays obtained according to the number of the receiving antenna units and a first reference table; the first reference table characterizes a table containing correspondence between the number and arrangement length of the receiving antenna units in the receiving antenna subarrays;
wherein, the distance between the transmitting antenna subarrays is: 2L (L) RX +d; d is half wavelength of the central frequency signal of the millimeter wave radio frequency in space transmission.
Optionally, the arrangement length of the plurality of transmitting antenna units in the transmitting antenna subarray is L TX The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Wherein the L is TX The arrangement length of the transmitting antenna subarrays is represented when the distances between the adjacent transmitting antenna units along the third direction are equal in the same transmitting antenna subarrays and are nd; wherein n is a positive real number and n is more than or equal to 1.0;
wherein, the distance between the receiving antenna subarrays is: l (L) TX +nd。
Optionally, the receiving antenna subarray includes a plurality of receiving antenna units, and the transmitting antenna subarray includes a plurality of transmitting antenna units; when the first antenna subarray and the third antenna subarray are transmitting antenna subarrays and the second antenna subarray and the fourth antenna subarray are receiving antenna subarrays, the minimum redundant array specifically comprises:
the arrangement length of the plurality of transmitting antenna units in the transmitting antenna subarrays is L TX And the transmitting antenna units are arranged at equal heightsThe method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Wherein the L is TX Characterizing the arrangement length of the transmitting antenna units in the transmitting antenna subarrays obtained according to the number of the transmitting antenna units and a second reference table; the second reference table characterizes a table containing correspondence between the number and arrangement length of the transmitting antenna elements in the transmitting antenna subarrays;
wherein, the distance between the receiving antenna subarrays is: 2L (L) TX +d。
Optionally, the arrangement length of the plurality of receiving antenna units in the receiving antenna subarray is L RX The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Wherein the L is RX The arrangement length of the receiving antenna subarrays is represented when the distances between adjacent receiving antenna units along the third direction are equal in the same receiving antenna subarrays and are nd; wherein n is a positive real number and n is more than or equal to 1.0;
wherein, the distance between the transmitting antenna subarrays is: l (L) RX +nd; d is half wavelength of the central frequency signal of the millimeter wave radio frequency in space transmission.
Optionally, a first included angle is formed between the arrangement direction of the plurality of antenna units in the second antenna subarray and the fourth antenna subarray and the third direction; the third direction is perpendicular to the second direction.
Alternatively to this, the method may comprise,
the distance between the first antenna subarray and the third antenna subarray, which are mutually offset along the third direction, is as follows: l (L) offset ；
The L is offset The arrangement direction of the antenna units in the second antenna subarray or the fourth antenna subarray is characterized by being parallel to the connecting line between the first antenna subarray and the head end of the third antenna subarray or/and the connecting line between the tail ends of the first antenna subarray and the third antenna subarray, and the first antenna subarray and the third antenna subarray are offset from each other along the second direction.
Alternatively to this, the method may comprise,
in the second antenna subarray or the fourth antenna subarray, a distance between adjacent antenna units along the second directionThe method comprises the following steps: d, a step of; l (L) offset =md; wherein m is the number of the antenna units in the second antenna subarray or the fourth antenna subarray.
Optionally, the receiving antenna unit and/or the transmitting antenna unit comprises a patch antenna, a slot antenna, a monopole/dipole antenna, a loop antenna, a bow-tie antenna, a transmission line antenna, a travelling wave antenna, a chip antenna or a comb line antenna.
Optionally, when the receiving antenna unit and/or the transmitting antenna unit is a combline antenna, the combline antenna includes: the unit feeder line and a plurality of radiation units; the radiation units are arranged on the unit feed line;
wherein, the included angle between the radiation units and the unit feeder lines is 45 degrees.
According to a second aspect of the present utility model, there is provided a millimeter wave radar front-end radio frequency device comprising the millimeter wave radar array antenna system of any one of the first aspect of the present utility model, the millimeter wave radar front-end radio frequency device further comprising:
a plurality of microwave transmission lines;
the millimeter wave transceiver chips are respectively connected with the corresponding receiving antenna subarrays and/or the corresponding transmitting antenna subarrays through corresponding microwave transmission lines;
the receiving antenna units in the receiving antenna subarrays are respectively connected with input pins of corresponding millimeter wave transceiver chips through corresponding microwave transmission lines; and the transmitting antenna units in the transmitting antenna subarrays are respectively connected with the corresponding output pins of the millimeter wave transceiver chip through the corresponding microwave transmission lines.
Optionally, lengths of the microwave transmission lines connected between the receiving antenna unit and the millimeter wave transceiver chip are equal; the lengths of the microwave transmission lines connected between the transmitting antenna unit and the millimeter wave receiving and transmitting chip are equal.
Optionally, a smooth arc line is adopted at the direction change position of the microwave transmission line, and in the smooth arc line, the curvature radius of each point is 3 times or more than 3 times of the width of the microwave transmission line.
According to a third aspect of the present utility model, there is provided a millimeter wave radar front-end radio frequency circuit board, any one of the millimeter wave radar front-end radio frequency devices of the second aspect of the present utility model.
According to a fourth aspect of the present utility model, there is provided an electronic device including the millimeter wave radar front-end radio frequency circuit board according to the third aspect of the present utility model.
According to the millimeter wave radar array antenna system provided by the utility model, the first antenna subarray, the second antenna subarray, the third antenna subarray and the fourth antenna subarray are arranged, so that the first antenna subarray is parallel to the third antenna subarray, the second antenna subarray is parallel to the fourth antenna subarray, and the surrounding type antenna array arrangement is formed, the maximized virtual aperture of the equivalent antenna array is presented, and the effect of improving the angular resolution of the millimeter wave radar antenna system is realized.
Further, by presenting the first antenna subarray and the third antenna subarray as the minimum redundant array, the effect of the subarray aperture in the second direction can be increased in a limited space, so that the possibility of coupling effect among antenna units is effectively reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the utility model or the technical solutions of the prior art, the drawings which are used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the description below are only some embodiments of the utility model, and that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive faculty for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic layout diagram of a millimeter wave radar array antenna system according to an exemplary embodiment of the present utility model;
fig. 2 is a schematic layout diagram of a millimeter wave radar array antenna system according to another exemplary embodiment of the present utility model;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna unit in a millimeter wave radar array antenna system according to an embodiment of the present utility model;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a millimeter wave radar front-end rf device according to an embodiment of the present utility model;
fig. 5 is a physical and physical effect diagram of an antenna unit of a millimeter wave radar front-end rf device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present utility model;
fig. 6 is a diagram showing the effect of the number of equivalent virtual antenna units of the millimeter wave radar front-end rf device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present utility model.
1-millimeter wave transceiver chip;
2-microwave transmission lines;
3-unit feed lines;
4-several radiating elements.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present utility model will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present utility model, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the utility model without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the utility model.
The terms "first," "second," "third," "fourth" and the like in the description and in the claims and in the above drawings, if any, are used for distinguishing between similar objects and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used may be interchanged where appropriate such that the embodiments of the utility model described herein may be implemented in sequences other than those illustrated or otherwise described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
The existing millimeter wave radar has ideal distance and speed measurement performance, and the angle measurement performance is limited. An effective means for improving the angular resolution is to directly enlarge the aperture of the array by increasing the number of antennas, but in general, the physical positions provided for the antennas to be arranged are very limited, and the mutual coupling phenomenon between the antenna elements occurs when the spacing between the antenna elements is too small, so that under the condition of limited number of antenna elements, the coupling effect between the antenna elements needs to be restrained through the optimization of the arrangement of the antenna elements, and the angular resolution of the millimeter wave radar antenna system is improved.
In view of this, the inventors of the present utility model propose: setting a plurality of receiving antenna subarrays and a plurality of transmitting antenna subarrays, and enabling the plurality of receiving antenna subarrays to be parallel to each other; the plurality of transmitting antenna subarrays are mutually parallel to form a surrounding antenna array, so that the maximized virtual array aperture can be realized in a limited space, and the effect of improving the angular resolution of the millimeter wave radar antenna system is further realized.
Further, the receiving antenna units in the receiving antenna subarrays are presented as the minimum redundant array, so that the intervals among the antenna units are reasonably distributed in a limited space, the possibility of coupling effect among the antenna units is effectively reduced, and meanwhile, the effect of increasing the aperture of the antenna subarrays is achieved.
Therefore, the technical scheme provided by the utility model can realize the effects of improving the angular resolution of the millimeter wave radar and inhibiting the mutual coupling influence between the antenna units.
The technical scheme of the utility model is described in detail below by specific examples. The following embodiments may be combined with each other, and some embodiments may not be repeated for the same or similar concepts or processes.
Referring to fig. 1-6, according to an embodiment of the present utility model, there is provided a millimeter wave radar array antenna system for receiving and transmitting millimeter wave radio frequencies, including: the first antenna subarray, the second antenna subarray, the third antenna subarray and the fourth antenna subarray;
the first antenna subarray, the second antenna subarray, the third antenna subarray and the fourth antenna subarray are annularly arranged along a first direction;
the first antenna subarray, the second antenna subarray, the third antenna subarray and the fourth antenna subarray all comprise a plurality of antenna units; the plurality of antenna units in the first antenna subarray, the second antenna subarray, the third antenna subarray and the fourth antenna subarray are annularly arranged along the first direction in sequence; the arrangement direction of the plurality of antenna units in the first antenna subarray is parallel to the arrangement direction of the plurality of antenna units in the third antenna subarray; the arrangement direction of the plurality of antenna units in the second antenna subarray is parallel to the arrangement direction of the plurality of antenna units in the fourth antenna subarray;
the first antenna subarray and the third antenna subarray are receiving antenna subarrays, and the second antenna subarray and the fourth antenna subarray are transmitting antenna subarrays; or the first antenna subarray and the third antenna subarray are transmitting antenna subarrays, and the second antenna subarray and the fourth antenna subarray are receiving antenna subarrays.
In one embodiment, the first direction is clockwise;
in another embodiment, the first direction may also be a counterclockwise direction.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme provided by the utility model has the advantages that the first antenna subarray, the second antenna subarray, the third antenna subarray and the fourth antenna subarray are annularly arranged along the first direction, and the first antenna subarray is parallel to the third antenna subarray, the second antenna subarray is parallel to the fourth antenna subarray, so that the first antenna subarray, the second antenna subarray, the third antenna subarray and the fourth antenna subarray are circumferentially arranged in a limited space, and the effects of maximizing the virtual aperture of the equivalent antenna array and improving the spatial resolution performance of the antenna array can be realized under the constraint condition of the area of a limited circuit board.
In one embodiment, the first antenna subarray and the third antenna subarray present a minimal redundant array; the minimum redundant array characterizes an array presentation form of the first antenna subarray and the third antenna subarray when the subarray aperture of the millimeter wave radar array antenna system in the second direction is maximum under the condition of limited antenna units; the second direction characterizes an arrangement direction of antenna elements in the first antenna subarray and/or the third antenna subarray.
When the first antenna subarray and the third antenna subarray are presented as the minimum redundant array, the subarray aperture in the second direction is the largest; and the minimum redundant array is arranged at a distance which is smaller than the distance between the antenna units in the uniform linear array, so that the distance between the antenna units is more reasonable, the mutual coupling action between the antenna units can be effectively reduced, the angular resolution of the millimeter wave radar array antenna is improved, and the signal noise is reduced.
In one embodiment, the second antenna element and/or the fourth antenna element presents a uniform linear array.
The uniform linear array can increase subarray apertures in the arrangement direction of the second antenna subarray and the fourth antenna subarray, so that the spatial resolution of the millimeter wave radar array antenna is improved, meanwhile, the uniform linear array can support efficient algorithm deployment such as FFT (fast Fourier transform) and the like, so that the calculation complexity of millimeter wave radar array antenna signal processing is reduced, and in addition, through matching with an antenna unit radiation pattern, the uniform linear array can also realize the grating lobe-free effect of the second antenna subarray and the fourth antenna subarray in the range of an observation angle (FOV).
The millimeter wave radar array antenna system is specifically described below with the first direction being clockwise; as shown in fig. 1 or fig. 2; the second direction is the X-axis direction in the figure, and the third direction is the Y-axis direction in the figure:
in an exemplary embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the receiving antenna subarray includes a plurality of receiving antenna units, and the transmitting antenna subarray includes a plurality of transmitting antenna units; when the first antenna subarray and the third antenna subarray are receiving antenna subarrays and the second antenna subarray and the fourth antenna subarray are transmitting antenna subarrays, the minimum redundant array specifically comprises:
the arrangement length of the plurality of receiving antenna units in the receiving antenna subarrays is L RX And the receiving antenna units are arranged in equal height; wherein the L is RX Characterizing the arrangement length of the receiving antenna units in the receiving antenna subarrays obtained according to the number of the receiving antenna units and a first reference table; the first reference table characterizes a table containing correspondence between the number and arrangement length of the receiving antenna units in the receiving antenna subarrays; the first reference table is referred to the journal of IEEE academic journal IEEE antenna and Propagation journal of 2002 for synthesis of large Low redundancy linear arrays (see Adriano Camps, angelCardama, andD.Infantes.SynthesisofLarge Low-Reductance Linearrrays. IEEETransactionAntenna production, vol.49, no.12, december 2002).
Wherein, the distance between the transmitting antenna subarrays is: 2L (L) RX +d; d is half wavelength of the central frequency signal of the millimeter wave radio frequency in space transmission.
In one embodiment, the array length of the plurality of transmitting antenna units in the transmitting antenna subarray is L TX The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Wherein the L is TX The arrangement length of the transmitting antenna subarrays is represented when the distances between the adjacent transmitting antenna units along the third direction are equal in the same transmitting antenna subarrays and are nd; wherein n is a positive real number and n is more than or equal to 1.0;
wherein, the distance between the receiving antenna subarrays is: l (L) TX +nd。
In a specific embodiment, the number of the receiving antenna units in the first antenna subarray and the third antenna subarray is 8 respectively; then, based on the conclusion in the first reference table, the first antenna subarray and the third antenna subarrayIs arranged as [2d,3d,2d,6d, 3d, d ]]Length L of minimum redundant array RX =23d; the number of the transmitting antenna units in the second antenna subarray and the fourth antenna subarray is 6 respectively, and when the distances between the adjacent transmitting antenna units along the third direction are equal and are all 4d; the spacing between the transmitting antenna units in the second antenna subarray and the fourth antenna subarray is arranged as [4d,4d]Length L of uniform linear array TX =20d; wherein, the distance between the receiving antenna subarrays is: l (L) TX +nd=24d; the distance between the transmitting antenna subarrays is as follows: 2L (L) RX +d＝47d。
According to the technical scheme provided by the utility model, the distances between adjacent transmitting antenna units along the third direction are set to be equal to 4d, so that the transmitting antenna subarrays are in the field of view of +/-15 degrees in the third direction, error grating lobes are not caused, and further 28 antenna unit physical entities are formed by the receiving antenna units and the transmitting antenna units; as shown in fig. 5: for a physical array comprising 28 antenna elements, wherein the X-axis represents the second direction and the Y-axis represents the third direction, d = λ/2; λ represents the wavelength of the central frequency signal of the millimeter wave radio frequency transmitted in space; RX denotes a receiving antenna unit, TX denotes a transmitting antenna unit, and simultaneously, as shown in FIG. 6: in order to realize the maximized virtual equivalent antenna array under the limited space constraint condition, the virtual equivalent antenna array comprises 192 equivalent antenna units, wherein the equivalent aperture is [ horizontal direction 81, vertical direction 44] and the unit is d, wherein the X axis represents the second direction, the Y axis represents the third direction, and d=lambda/2; the receiving antenna unit and the transmitting antenna unit realize an equivalent virtual antenna array of 192 antenna units, so that the aperture of the millimeter wave radar array antenna can be increased, the spatial resolution performance of the millimeter wave radar array antenna is improved, the possibility of coupling effect among the antenna units can be effectively reduced, and the angle resolution corresponding to the embodiment is in the horizontal direction: 81 d= >1.26 °, vertical direction: 44 d= >2.32 °.
In another exemplary embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the receiving antenna subarray includes a plurality of receiving antenna units, and the transmitting antenna subarray includes a plurality of transmitting antenna units; when the first antenna subarray and the third antenna subarray are transmitting antenna subarrays and the second antenna subarray and the fourth antenna subarray are receiving antenna subarrays, the minimum redundant array specifically comprises:
the arrangement length of the plurality of transmitting antenna units in the transmitting antenna subarrays is L TX The transmitting antenna units are arranged at equal heights; wherein the L is TX Characterizing the arrangement length of the transmitting antenna units in the transmitting antenna subarrays obtained according to the number of the transmitting antenna units and a second reference table; the second reference table characterizes a table containing correspondence between the number and arrangement length of the transmitting antenna elements in the transmitting antenna subarrays; the second reference table refers to the paper "synthesis of large low redundancy linear arrays" in the journal of IEEE academic journal IEEE antenna and propagation journal "in 12 th 2002.
Wherein, the distance between the receiving antenna subarrays is: 2L (L) TX +d。
In one embodiment, the array length of the plurality of receiving antenna units in the receiving antenna subarray is L RX The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Wherein the L is RX The arrangement length of the receiving antenna subarrays is represented when the distances between adjacent receiving antenna units along the third direction are equal in the same receiving antenna subarrays and are nd; wherein n is a positive real number and n is more than or equal to 1.0;
wherein, the distance between the transmitting antenna subarrays is: l (L) RX +nd; d is half wavelength of the central frequency signal of the millimeter wave radio frequency in space transmission.
In a specific embodiment, the number of the transmitting antenna units in the first antenna subarray and the third antenna subarray is 8 respectively; then, according to the conclusion in the second reference table, the distances between the transmitting antenna units in the first antenna subarray and the third antenna subarray are all set to be [2d,3d,2d,6d, 3d, d]Length L of minimum redundant array TX =23d; the number of the receiving antenna units in the second antenna subarray and the fourth antenna subarray is 6 respectively, and when the distances between the adjacent receiving antenna units along the third direction are equal and are all 4d; the spacing between the receiving antenna units in the second antenna subarray and the fourth antenna subarray is arranged as [4d,4d]Length L of uniform linear array RX =20d; wherein, the distance between the transmitting antenna subarrays is: l (L) RX +nd=24d; the distance between the receiving antenna subarrays is as follows: 2L (L) TX +d＝47d。
The second reference table and the first reference table are actually one reference table, so the present utility model is for convenience of description, and thus, the second reference table and the first reference table are distinguished.
When the space for arranging the antenna units is limited, in a preferred embodiment, a first included angle is formed between the arrangement direction of a plurality of antenna units in the second antenna subarray and the fourth antenna subarray and the third direction; the third direction is perpendicular to the second direction.
In one embodiment, the first antenna subarray and the third antenna subarray are offset from each other along the second direction by a distance of: l (L) offset ；
The L is offset The arrangement direction of the antenna units in the second antenna subarray or the fourth antenna subarray is characterized by being parallel to the connecting line between the first antenna subarray and the head end of the third antenna subarray or/and the connecting line between the tail ends of the first antenna subarray and the third antenna subarray, and the first antenna subarray and the third antenna subarray are offset from each other along the second direction.
In one embodiment, in the second antenna subarray or the fourth antenna subarray, a distance between adjacent antenna units along the second direction is: d, a step of; l (L) offset =md; wherein m is the number of the antenna units in the second antenna subarray or the fourth antenna subarray.
In one embodiment, when the first antenna subarray and the third antenna subarray are receiving antennasAnd when the second antenna subarray and the fourth antenna subarray are transmitting antenna subarrays, the offset distance is as follows: l (L) offset Refers to: and the receiving antenna subarrays are offset from each other along the second direction. In a specific embodiment, when the number of antenna units of the transmitting antenna subarray is 6, then the L offset ＝6d。
In another embodiment, when the first antenna subarray and the third antenna subarray are transmitting antenna subarrays and the second antenna subarray and the fourth antenna subarray are receiving antenna subarrays, the distance of offset is: l (L) offset Refers to: and the transmitting antenna subarrays are offset from each other along the second direction. In a specific embodiment, when the number of the receiving antenna units is 6, then the L offset ＝6d。
In other embodiments, the arrangement direction of the plurality of antenna units in the second antenna subarray and the fourth antenna subarray coincides with the third direction.
According to the technical scheme provided by the utility model, the calculation complexity of related array signal processing can be remarkably reduced by designing the arrangement direction of the plurality of antenna units in the second antenna subarray and the fourth antenna subarray to be parallel to the connecting line between the head ends or/and the connecting line between the tail ends of the first antenna subarray and the third antenna subarray.
In one embodiment, the receiving antenna unit and/or the transmitting antenna unit comprises a patch antenna, a slot antenna, a monopole/dipole antenna, a loop antenna, a bowtie antenna, a transmission line antenna, a travelling wave antenna, a chip antenna or a comb line antenna.
In a specific embodiment, when the receiving antenna unit and/or the transmitting antenna unit are comb line antennas, the comb line antennas include: the unit feeder line 3 and a plurality of radiation units 4; the radiation units 4 are arranged on the unit feeder lines 3;
in a preferred embodiment, the included angle between the radiating elements 3 and the element feeder 4 is 45 degrees; as shown in fig. 3.
In a specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, each receiving antenna element or transmitting antenna element is composed of 1 element feed line and 7 radiating elements.
In a preferred embodiment, the included angle between the radiating unit and the unit feeder line is set to be 45 degrees, so that the electromagnetic wave polarized at 45 degrees relative to the second direction or the third direction can be transmitted and received, and the strong electromagnetic interference caused by opposite radiation can be effectively avoided and reduced.
In other embodiments, the included angles between the plurality of radiating elements 3 and the element feeder line 4 are other implementation forms, and any implementation form that can achieve the purpose of the present utility model is within the scope of protection of the present utility model.
According to another embodiment of the present utility model, there is also provided a millimeter wave radar front-end radio frequency device including the millimeter wave radar array antenna system according to any one of the preceding embodiments of the present utility model, the millimeter wave radar front-end radio frequency device further including:
a plurality of microwave transmission lines 2;
the millimeter wave transceiver chips 1 are respectively connected with the corresponding receiving antenna subarrays or the corresponding transmitting antenna subarrays through corresponding microwave transmission lines 2;
the receiving antenna units in the receiving antenna subarrays are respectively connected with the input pins of the corresponding millimeter wave transceiver chip 1 through the corresponding microwave transmission lines 2; the transmitting antenna units in the transmitting antenna subarrays are respectively connected with the corresponding output pins of the millimeter wave transceiver chip 1 through the corresponding microwave transmission lines 2, as shown in fig. 4.
In one embodiment, the lengths of the microwave transmission lines 2 connected between the receiving antenna unit and the millimeter wave transceiver chip 1 are all equal; the lengths of the microwave transmission lines 2 connected between the transmitting antenna units and the millimeter wave transceiver chip 1 are equal;
the microwave transmission line 2 connected with the receiving antenna unit and the microwave transmission line 2 connected with the transmitting antenna unit are designed to be equal in length, so that the complexity of phase calibration among receiving and transmitting channels of the millimeter wave radar array antenna in signal processing can be remarkably reduced, and the accuracy and reliability of the millimeter wave radar array antenna system are improved.
In a preferred embodiment, a smooth arc line is adopted at the direction change position of the microwave transmission line 2, and in the smooth arc line, the curvature radius of each point is 3 times or more than 3 times of the width of the microwave transmission line 2;
the microwave transmission line 2 adopts a design of minimizing under the space condition of the embodiment, so that the radiation loss of high-frequency signals and the insertion loss caused by impedance change adaptation due to the wiring change of the microwave transmission line 2 can be reduced, and the performance and efficiency of the millimeter wave radar front-end radio frequency device are improved.
In another embodiment, the direction change of the microstrip line 2 is routed in another form.
In a specific embodiment, the implementation consists of four millimeter wave transceiver chips (MMICs), where the transmission line length between the antenna and the chip port meets the above characteristics. An example of length control achieved is +.1mil, where mil is the unit of length, 1mil = 25.4 microns.
According to an embodiment of the present utility model, there is provided a millimeter wave radar front-end radio frequency circuit board including the millimeter wave radar front-end radio frequency device according to any one of the preceding embodiments of the present utility model.
According to another embodiment of the present utility model, there is further provided an electronic device including the millimeter wave radar front-end radio frequency circuit board according to the foregoing embodiment of the present utility model.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present utility model, and not for limiting the same; although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the utility model.
Claims (17)
1. A millimeter wave radar array antenna system for receiving and transmitting millimeter wave radio frequency signals, comprising: the first antenna subarray, the second antenna subarray, the third antenna subarray and the fourth antenna subarray;
the first antenna subarray, the second antenna subarray, the third antenna subarray and the fourth antenna subarray are annularly arranged along a first direction;
the first antenna subarray, the second antenna subarray, the third antenna subarray and the fourth antenna subarray all comprise a plurality of antenna units; the plurality of antenna units in the first antenna subarray, the second antenna subarray, the third antenna subarray and the fourth antenna subarray are annularly arranged along the first direction in sequence; the arrangement direction of the plurality of antenna units in the first antenna subarray is parallel to the arrangement direction of the plurality of antenna units in the third antenna subarray; the arrangement direction of the plurality of antenna units in the second antenna subarray is parallel to the arrangement direction of the plurality of antenna units in the fourth antenna subarray;
the first antenna subarray and the third antenna subarray are receiving antenna subarrays, and the second antenna subarray and the fourth antenna subarray are transmitting antenna subarrays; or the first antenna subarray and the third antenna subarray are transmitting antenna subarrays, and the second antenna subarray and the fourth antenna subarray are receiving antenna subarrays.
2. The millimeter wave radar array antenna system of claim 1, wherein the first antenna subarray and the third antenna subarray present a minimal redundant array; the minimum redundant array characterizes an array presentation form of the first antenna subarray and the third antenna subarray when the subarray aperture of the millimeter wave radar array antenna system in the second direction is maximum under the condition of limited antenna units; the second direction characterizes an arrangement direction of antenna elements in the first antenna subarray and/or the third antenna subarray.
3. The millimeter wave radar array antenna system of claim 2, wherein the second antenna element and/or the fourth antenna element exhibit a uniform linear array.
4. The millimeter wave radar array antenna system of claim 3, wherein the receive antenna subarray comprises a plurality of receive antenna elements and the transmit antenna subarray comprises a plurality of transmit antenna elements; when the first antenna subarray and the third antenna subarray are receiving antenna subarrays and the second antenna subarray and the fourth antenna subarray are transmitting antenna subarrays, the minimum redundant array specifically comprises:
the arrangement length of the plurality of receiving antenna units in the receiving antenna subarrays is L RX And the receiving antenna units are arranged in equal height; wherein the L is RX Characterizing the arrangement length of the receiving antenna units in the receiving antenna subarrays obtained according to the number of the receiving antenna units and a first reference table; the first reference table characterizes a table containing correspondence between the number and arrangement length of the receiving antenna units in the receiving antenna subarrays;
wherein, the distance between the transmitting antenna subarrays is: 2L (L) RX +d; d is half wavelength of the central frequency signal of the millimeter wave radio frequency in space transmission.
5. The millimeter wave radar array antenna system of claim 4, wherein said plurality of transmitting antenna elements in said transmitting antenna subarray have an arrangement length L TX The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Wherein the L is TX The arrangement length of the transmitting antenna subarrays is represented when the distances between the adjacent transmitting antenna units along the third direction are equal in the same transmitting antenna subarrays and are nd; wherein n is a positive real number and n is more than or equal to 1.0;
wherein the receivingThe distance between the antenna subarrays is as follows: l (L) TX +nd。
6. The millimeter wave radar array antenna system of claim 3, wherein the receive antenna subarray comprises a plurality of receive antenna elements and the transmit antenna subarray comprises a plurality of transmit antenna elements; when the first antenna subarray and the third antenna subarray are transmitting antenna subarrays and the second antenna subarray and the fourth antenna subarray are receiving antenna subarrays, the minimum redundant array specifically comprises:
the arrangement length of the plurality of transmitting antenna units in the transmitting antenna subarrays is L TX The transmitting antenna units are arranged at equal heights; wherein the L is TX Characterizing the arrangement length of the transmitting antenna units in the transmitting antenna subarrays obtained according to the number of the transmitting antenna units and a second reference table; the second reference table characterizes a table containing correspondence between the number and arrangement length of the transmitting antenna elements in the transmitting antenna subarrays;
wherein, the distance between the receiving antenna subarrays is: 2L (L) TX +d。
7. The millimeter wave radar array antenna system of claim 6, wherein said plurality of receive antenna elements in said receive antenna subarray have an arrangement length L RX The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Wherein the L is RX The arrangement length of the receiving antenna subarrays is represented when the distances between adjacent receiving antenna units along the third direction are equal in the same receiving antenna subarrays and are nd; wherein n is a positive real number and n is more than or equal to 1.0;
wherein, the distance between the transmitting antenna subarrays is: l (L) RX +nd; d is half wavelength of the central frequency signal of the millimeter wave radio frequency in space transmission.
8. The millimeter wave radar array antenna system according to any one of claims 5 or 7, wherein a first included angle is formed between an arrangement direction of a plurality of the antenna units in the second antenna subarray and the fourth antenna subarray and the third direction; the third direction is perpendicular to the second direction.
9. The millimeter wave radar array antenna system of claim 8, wherein the distance between the first antenna subarray and the third antenna subarray offset from each other along the second direction is: l (L) offset ；
The L is offset The arrangement direction of the antenna units in the second antenna subarray or the fourth antenna subarray is characterized by being parallel to the connecting line between the first antenna subarray and the head end of the third antenna subarray or/and the connecting line between the tail ends of the first antenna subarray and the third antenna subarray, and the first antenna subarray and the third antenna subarray are offset from each other along the second direction.
10. The millimeter wave radar array antenna system according to claim 9, wherein in the second antenna subarray or the fourth antenna subarray, a distance between adjacent ones of the antenna elements in the second direction is d; l (L) offset =md; wherein m is the number of the antenna units in the second antenna subarray or the fourth antenna subarray.
11. The millimeter-wave radar array antenna system of claim 10, wherein said receive antenna elements and/or said transmit antenna elements comprise patch antennas, slot antennas, monopole/dipole antennas, loop antennas, bow-tie antennas, transmission line antennas, traveling wave antennas, chip antennas, or comb-line antennas.
12. The millimeter wave radar array antenna system of claim 11, wherein when the receiving antenna element and/or the transmitting antenna element is a combline antenna, the combline antenna comprises: the unit feeder line and a plurality of radiation units; the radiation units are arranged on the unit feed line;
wherein, the included angle between the radiation units and the unit feeder lines is 45 degrees.
13. A millimeter wave radar front-end radio frequency device comprising the millimeter wave radar array antenna system of any one of claims 1-12, the millimeter wave radar front-end radio frequency device further comprising:
a plurality of microwave transmission lines;
the millimeter wave transceiver chips are respectively connected with the corresponding receiving antenna subarrays or the corresponding transmitting antenna subarrays through corresponding microwave transmission lines;
the receiving antenna units in the receiving antenna subarrays are respectively connected with input pins of corresponding millimeter wave transceiver chips through corresponding microwave transmission lines; and the transmitting antenna units in the transmitting antenna subarrays are respectively connected with the corresponding output pins of the millimeter wave transceiver chip through the corresponding microwave transmission lines.
14. The millimeter wave radar front-end radio frequency device according to claim 13, wherein lengths of the microwave transmission lines connected between the receiving antenna unit and the millimeter wave transceiver chip are all equal; the lengths of the microwave transmission lines connected between the transmitting antenna unit and the millimeter wave receiving and transmitting chip are equal.
15. The millimeter wave radar front-end radio frequency device according to claim 14, wherein a smooth circular arc line is adopted at the direction change position of the microwave transmission line, and in the smooth circular arc line, the radius of curvature of each point is 3 times or more than 3 times the width of the microwave transmission line.
16. A millimeter wave radar front-end radio frequency circuit board comprising the millimeter wave radar front-end radio frequency device of any one of claims 13-15.
17. An electronic device comprising the millimeter wave radar front-end radio frequency circuit board of claim 16.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202321136892.9U CN219643115U (en) | 2023-05-12 | 2023-05-12 | Millimeter wave radar array antenna system, device, circuit board and electronic equipment |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202321136892.9U CN219643115U (en) | 2023-05-12 | 2023-05-12 | Millimeter wave radar array antenna system, device, circuit board and electronic equipment |
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