CN219640762U - Heat exchange device - Google Patents
Heat exchange device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN219640762U CN219640762U CN202320300467.2U CN202320300467U CN219640762U CN 219640762 U CN219640762 U CN 219640762U CN 202320300467 U CN202320300467 U CN 202320300467U CN 219640762 U CN219640762 U CN 219640762U
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- solution
- heat exchanger
- pipeline
- medium
- heat
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model discloses a heat exchange device which comprises a solution pipeline, a first heat conversion device, a second heat conversion device and an adjusting device. The solution pipeline is sequentially connected with the first heat conversion device and the second heat conversion device and is used for enabling the solution to flow through the first heat conversion device and the second heat conversion device to exchange heat. The regulating device is used for regulating the flow of the first heat conversion device and the medium inside the first heat conversion device. The first heat conversion device and the second heat conversion device are used for adjusting the temperature of the solution, so that the product is crystallized and separated out, and impurities remain in the solution, thereby achieving the purposes of improving the production efficiency and improving the product quality.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of heat exchange, in particular to a heat exchange device.
Background
In the field of chemical product crystallization, as the chemical product can crystallize below the melting point temperature, the melting point temperature of impurities in the solution is slightly different from the product temperature, so that the solution temperature needs to be controlled, the product is crystallized and separated out, and the impurities remain in the solution, thereby achieving the purpose of purifying the product.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the above disadvantages, the present utility model aims to provide a solution for solving the problem that the melting point temperature of impurities in the solution and the temperature of the solution product are different from each other and are difficult to purify.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the utility model is to provide a heat exchange device which comprises a solution pipeline, a first heat conversion device, a second heat conversion device and a regulating device. The solution pipeline is sequentially connected with the first heat conversion device and the second heat conversion device and is used for enabling the solution to flow through the first heat conversion device and the second heat conversion device to exchange heat. The first heat conversion device is used for reducing the temperature of the solution and comprises a first heat exchanger, a first inflow pipeline and a first outflow pipeline. The second heat conversion device is used for increasing the temperature of the solution and comprises a second heat exchanger, a second inflow pipeline and a second outflow pipeline. The adjusting device is used for adjusting the flow rate of the medium in the first inflow pipeline and the second inflow pipeline.
According to the heat exchange device provided by the utility model, the first heat exchange conversion device and the second heat exchange conversion device are used for carrying out heat exchange on the solution to be subjected to temperature conversion, if the solution is required to be cooled, the first heat exchange conversion device is filled with a cooling medium to exchange heat with the solution, the purpose of cooling the solution is achieved, and the flow of the medium in the first inflow pipeline can be controlled through the adjusting device, so that the solution with the required temperature is obtained. Similarly, when the temperature of the solution needs to be raised, the second heat exchange conversion device is filled with a heating medium to exchange heat with the solution, so that the purpose of heating the solution is achieved, and the flow of the medium in the second inflow pipeline can be controlled through the adjusting device, so that the solution with the required temperature is obtained. The temperature of the solution is controlled, so that the product is crystallized and separated out, and impurities remain in the solution, thereby achieving the purposes of improving the production efficiency and improving the product quality.
In some embodiments, the first heat exchanger is a plate heat exchanger comprising a first medium inlet, a first medium outlet, a first solution inlet, and a first solution outlet. The first medium inlet and the first medium outlet are communicated by a pipeline to form a first primary side channel; the first solution inlet and the first solution outlet are communicated by a pipeline to form a first secondary side channel. The first inflow conduit is connected to the first medium inlet and the first outflow conduit is connected to the first medium outlet.
By adopting the technical scheme, the plate heat exchanger is formed by closely arranging a plurality of groups of plates, different corrugated plates are arranged in the plates and are mutually inverted to form a complex flow channel, compared with other heat exchanger types, such as a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, the plate heat exchanger has smaller occupied area and occupied space, the volume of the plate heat exchanger with the same heat exchange quantity is only 1/5 of that of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger, the weight of the plate heat exchanger is lighter than that of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger, the heat transfer coefficient of the plate heat exchanger is higher than that of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger, and the heat transfer speed and effect of the solution are better. And a cooling medium is introduced into the first primary side channel, the solution flows into the first secondary side channel through the first solution inlet, the first primary side channel and the second primary side channel exchange heat in the first heat exchanger, and the solution flows out of the first secondary side channel through the first solution outlet.
In some embodiments, the second heat exchanger is a plate heat exchanger comprising a second medium inlet, a second medium outlet, a second solution inlet, and a second solution outlet. The second medium inlet and the second medium outlet are communicated by a pipeline to form a second primary side channel; the second solution inlet and the second solution outlet are communicated by a pipeline to form a second secondary side channel. The second inflow conduit is connected to the second medium inlet and the second outflow conduit is connected to the second medium outlet.
By adopting the technical scheme, the second heat exchanger and the first heat exchanger have the same structure, heating medium is introduced into the second primary side channel, solution flows into the second secondary side channel through the second solution inlet, heat exchange is completed in the second heat exchanger, and the solution flows out of the second secondary side channel through the second solution outlet.
In some embodiments, the cooling medium in the first heat exchanger is cold water and the heating medium in the second heat exchanger is hot water or steam.
By adopting the technical scheme, the cooling water exchanges heat with the solution to reduce the temperature of the cooling water, so that the crystallization point of the target product in the solution is reached, and the crystallization of the target product is separated out. The temperature of the solution is controlled to be within a temperature range of a crystallization point of a target product by heat exchange between hot water or water vapor and the solution to raise the temperature of the solution.
In some embodiments, the solution conduit includes a circulation pump, a branch pipe connected to the circulation pump, a pipeline connected to the equipment, and a board-change connection pipe. Wherein, the board trades the connecting pipe and is connected with first solution export and second solution entry respectively, connects the one end and the circulating pump of circulating pump branch pipe to be connected, and the other end is connected with first solution entry, connects the one end and the second solution exit linkage of equipment pipeline, and the other end is connected with the circulating pump.
By adopting the technical scheme, the plate-exchange connecting pipe connects the first heat exchanger with the second heat exchanger, so that the solution can sequentially flow through the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger. The branch pipe of the circulating pump and the equipment connecting pipeline are respectively connected with the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger in sequence, so that the solution circulates in the branch pipe of the circulating pump until the target products in the solution are separated out as much as possible, and the circulating pump provides power for the circulation of the solution.
In some embodiments, the adjustment device includes a first adjustment assembly and a second adjustment assembly, each including a plurality of pneumatic adjustment valves. The first adjusting component is arranged in the first inflow pipeline and used for adjusting the flow of the medium in the first inflow pipeline; the second adjusting component is arranged in the second inflow pipeline and used for adjusting the flow of the medium in the second inflow pipeline.
By adopting the technical scheme, the inflow of the cooling water in the first inflow pipeline is controlled by adjusting the first adjusting component, and the inflow of the hot water or the water vapor in the second inflow pipeline is controlled by adjusting the second adjusting component.
In some embodiments, the heat exchange device includes a first temperature sensor and a second temperature sensor. The first temperature sensor is arranged in the first heat exchanger and used for detecting the temperature of the solution in the first heat exchanger; the second temperature sensor is arranged in the second heat exchanger and used for detecting the temperature of the solution in the second heat exchanger.
By adopting the technical scheme, the first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor are used for detecting whether the target solution is reduced or increased to the set temperature.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an embodiment of a heat exchange device according to the present utility model;
FIG. 2 is a side view of an embodiment of a heat exchange device according to the present utility model;
FIG. 3 is a front view of an embodiment of a heat exchange device according to the present utility model;
FIG. 4 is a top view of an embodiment of a heat exchange device according to the present utility model;
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a first heat exchanger and a second heat exchanger of an embodiment of a heat exchange device according to the present utility model;
in the figure:
1-a first heat conversion device; 10-a first heat exchanger; 100-a first medium inlet; 101-a first medium outlet; 102-a first solution inlet; 103-a first solution outlet; 11-a first inflow conduit; 12-a first outflow conduit 1;
2-a second heat conversion device 1; 20-a second heat exchanger 1; 200-a second solution outlet; 201-a second solution inlet; 202-a second medium outlet; 203-a second media inlet; 21-a second inflow conduit; 22-a second outflow conduit;
3-solution piping; 30-a circulation pump; 31-connecting a branch pipe of a circulating pump; 32-connecting a device pipeline; 33-plate exchanging connecting pipes;
4-adjusting means; 40-a first pneumatic control valve; 41-a second pneumatic regulating valve.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings so that the advantages and features of the present utility model can be more easily understood by those skilled in the art, thereby making clear and defining the scope of the present utility model.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, fig. 1 shows a perspective view of a heat exchange device according to an embodiment of the present utility model; FIG. 2 shows a side view of a heat exchange device provided by an embodiment of the present utility model; FIG. 3 illustrates a front view of a heat exchange device provided by an embodiment of the present utility model; fig. 4 shows a top view of a heat exchange device according to an embodiment of the present utility model.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the technical scheme adopted by the utility model is a heat exchange device, which comprises a solution pipeline 3, a first heat conversion device 1, a second heat conversion device 2 and a regulating device 4. The solution pipeline 3 is connected with the first heat conversion device 1 and the second heat conversion device 2 in sequence and is used for enabling the solution to flow through the first heat conversion device 1 and the second heat conversion device 2 to exchange heat. The first heat conversion device 1 is for reducing the temperature of a solution and comprises a first heat exchanger 10, a first inflow conduit 11 and a first outflow conduit 12. The second heat conversion device 2 is for raising the temperature of the solution and comprises a second heat exchanger 20, a second inflow conduit 21 and a second outflow conduit 22. The adjusting means 4 serve to adjust the flow of the medium inside the first inflow conduit 11 and the second inflow conduit 21.
According to the heat exchange device provided by the utility model, the solution pipeline 3 is sequentially connected with the first heat conversion device 1 and the second heat conversion device 2, so that the solution can sequentially flow through the first heat conversion device 1 and the second heat conversion device 2, and the heat exchange is carried out on the solution which needs to be subjected to temperature conversion through the first heat conversion device 1 and the second heat conversion device 2. If the solution needs to be cooled, the first heat conversion device 1 is introduced with a cooling medium to exchange heat with the solution, so that the purpose of cooling the solution is achieved, and the flow of the medium in the first inflow pipeline 11 can be controlled by the adjusting device 4, so that the solution with the required temperature is obtained. Similarly, if the solution needs to be heated, the second heat exchange conversion device 2 is introduced with a heating medium to exchange heat with the solution, so as to achieve the purpose of heating the solution, and the regulating device 4 can also control the flow rate of the medium in the second inflow pipeline 21, so that the solution with the required temperature is obtained. The temperature of the solution is controlled, so that the product is crystallized and separated out, and impurities remain in the solution, thereby achieving the purposes of improving the production efficiency and improving the product quality.
Referring to fig. 5, fig. 5 shows a perspective view of a first heat exchanger 10 and a second heat exchanger 20 of a heat exchange device according to an embodiment of the present utility model.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 4 and 5, the first heat exchanger 10 is a plate heat exchanger comprising a first medium inlet 100, a first medium outlet 101, a first solution inlet 102 and a first solution outlet 103. The first medium inlet 100 and the first medium outlet 101 are communicated by a pipe to form a first primary side channel; the first solution inlet 102 and the first solution outlet 103 are connected by a pipe, forming a first secondary side channel. The first inflow pipe 11 is connected to the first medium inlet 100, and the first outflow pipe 12 is connected to the first medium outlet 101.
The plate heat exchanger is formed by closely arranging a plurality of groups of plates, different corrugated plates are arranged in the plates and are mutually inverted to form complex flow channels, compared with other heat exchanger types, such as a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, the plate heat exchanger has smaller occupied area and occupied space, the volume of the plate heat exchanger with the same heat exchange quantity is only 1/5 of that of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger, the weight of the plate heat exchanger is lighter than that of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger, the heat transfer coefficient of the plate heat exchanger is higher than that of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger, and the heat transfer speed and effect of the solution are better. A cooling medium is introduced into the first primary side channel, the solution flows into the first secondary side channel through the first solution inlet 102, heat exchange is completed in the first heat exchanger 10, and the solution flows out of the first secondary side channel through the first solution outlet 103.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 4 and 5, the second heat exchanger 20 is a plate heat exchanger comprising a second medium inlet 203, a second medium outlet 202, a second solution inlet 201, and a second solution outlet 200. The second medium inlet 203 and the second medium outlet 202 are communicated by a pipeline to form a second primary side channel; the second solution inlet 201 and the second solution outlet 200 are communicated by a pipe, forming a second secondary side channel. The second inflow pipe 21 is connected to the second medium inlet 203, and the second outflow pipe 22 is connected to the second medium outlet 202.
Illustratively, the second heat exchanger 20 is identical in structure to the first heat exchanger 10, a heating medium is introduced into the second primary side channel, a solution flows into the second secondary side channel through the second solution inlet 201, heat exchange is completed in the second heat exchanger 20, and the solution flows out of the second secondary side channel through the second solution outlet 200. The connection of the first inflow conduit 11 to the first medium inlet 100, the connection of the first outflow conduit 12 to the first medium outlet 101, the connection of the second inflow conduit 21 to the second medium inlet 203 and the connection of the second outflow conduit 22 to the second medium outlet 202 are all bolted connections.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 2, the cooling medium in the first heat exchanger 10 is cold water and the heating medium in the second heat exchanger 20 is hot water or steam.
Illustratively, the cooling water exchanges heat with the solution to reduce the temperature thereof, thereby reaching the crystallization point of the target product in the solution and crystallizing out the target product. The temperature of the solution is controlled to be within a temperature range of a crystallization point of a target product by heat exchange between hot water or water vapor and the solution to raise the temperature of the solution.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 2 to 4, the solution pipe 3 includes a circulation pump 30, a circulation pump-connecting branch pipe 31, a facility-connecting pipe 32, and a board-exchanging connection pipe 33. Wherein, the plate change connecting pipe 33 is respectively connected with the first solution outlet 103 and the second solution inlet 201, one end of the connecting circulating pump branch pipe 31 is connected with the circulating pump 30, the other end is connected with the first solution inlet 102, one end of the connecting device pipeline 32 is connected with the second solution outlet 200, and the other end is connected with the circulating pump 30.
Illustratively, a plate heat exchanger connection 33 connects the first heat exchanger 10 and the second heat exchanger 20, thereby enabling the solution to flow through the first heat exchanger 10 and the second heat exchanger 20 in sequence. The circulating pump branch pipe 31 and the equipment connecting pipeline 32 are respectively connected with the first heat exchanger 10 and the second heat exchanger 20 in sequence, so that the solution circulates in the circulating pump branch pipe until the target products in the solution are separated out as much as possible, and the circulating pump 30 supplies power for the circulation of the solution.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 2-4, the regulating device 4 includes a first regulating assembly including a plurality of first pneumatic regulating valves 40 and a second regulating assembly including a plurality of second pneumatic regulating valves 41. The first pneumatic adjusting valve 40 is arranged in the first inflow pipeline 11 and is used for adjusting the flow rate of the medium in the first pneumatic adjusting valve; a second pneumatic control valve 41 is provided in the second inflow conduit 21 for controlling the flow of the medium therein.
Illustratively, the inflow of cooling water in the first inflow conduit 11 is controlled by adjusting the first adjusting assembly, and the inflow of hot water or water vapor in the second inflow conduit 21 is controlled by adjusting the second adjusting assembly. The pneumatic control valve controls the opening and closing degree of the valve core through the pneumatic actuator in the pneumatic control valve, so as to adjust the flow rate of the medium, for example, when the temperature of the solution in the first heat exchanger 10 is not much different from the set temperature, the first pneumatic control valve 40 is adjusted, the opening and closing degree of the valve core is increased, so that the inflow of the cooling water in the first inflow pipeline is reduced, the heat exchange speed of the cooling medium and the solution is gradually reduced, and the solution reaches the required temperature.
In some embodiments, the heat exchange device includes a first temperature sensor and a second temperature sensor. The first temperature sensor is arranged in the first heat exchanger 10 and is used for detecting the temperature of the solution in the first heat exchanger 10; the second temperature sensor is disposed in the second heat exchanger 20 and is used for detecting the temperature of the solution in the second heat exchanger 20.
Illustratively, the first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor detect whether the target solution decreases and increases to a set temperature.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of the present utility model, and are intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present utility model and to implement the same, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present utility model, and all equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit of the present utility model should be included in the scope of the present utility model.
Claims (7)
1. The heat exchange device is characterized by comprising a solution pipeline, a first heat conversion device, a second heat conversion device and an adjusting device;
the solution pipeline is sequentially connected with the first heat conversion device and the second heat conversion device and is used for enabling the solution to flow through the first heat conversion device and the second heat conversion device for heat exchange;
the first heat conversion device is used for reducing the temperature of the solution and comprises a first heat exchanger, a first inflow pipeline and a first outflow pipeline;
the second heat conversion device is used for increasing the temperature of the solution and comprises a second heat exchanger, a second inflow pipeline and a second outflow pipeline;
the adjusting device is used for adjusting the flow rate of the medium in the first inflow pipeline and the second inflow pipeline.
2. The heat exchange device of claim 1, wherein the first heat exchanger is a plate heat exchanger comprising a first medium inlet, a first medium outlet, a first solution inlet, and a first solution outlet; the first medium inlet and the first medium outlet are communicated through a pipeline to form a first primary side channel; the first solution inlet and the first solution outlet are communicated through a pipeline to form a first secondary side channel; the first inflow conduit is connected with the first medium inlet, and the first outflow conduit is connected with the first medium outlet.
3. The heat exchange device of claim 2, wherein the second heat exchanger is a plate heat exchanger comprising a second medium inlet, a second medium outlet, a second solution inlet, and a second solution outlet; the second medium inlet and the second medium outlet are communicated through a pipeline to form a second primary side channel; the second solution inlet and the second solution outlet are communicated through a pipeline to form a second secondary side channel; the second inflow pipe is connected with the second medium inlet, and the second outflow pipe is connected with the second medium outlet.
4. A heat exchange device according to claim 3, wherein the cooling medium in the first heat exchanger is cold water and the heating medium in the second heat exchanger is hot water or steam.
5. The heat exchange device of claim 4, wherein the solution conduit comprises a circulation pump, a branch pipe connected to the circulation pump, a first equipment connection pipe, and a plate exchange connection pipe; the plate exchange connecting pipe is respectively connected with the first solution outlet and the second solution inlet; one end of the branch pipe connected with the circulating pump is connected with the circulating pump, and the other end of the branch pipe connected with the first solution inlet; one end of the equipment connecting pipeline is connected with the second solution outlet, and the other end of the equipment connecting pipeline is connected with the circulating pump.
6. The heat exchange device of claim 5 wherein the adjustment device comprises a first adjustment assembly and a second adjustment assembly, each of the first adjustment assembly and the second adjustment assembly comprising a plurality of pneumatic adjustment valves; the first adjusting component is arranged in the first inflow pipeline and is used for adjusting the flow of the medium in the first inflow pipeline; the second adjusting component is arranged in the second inflow pipeline and is used for adjusting the flow of the medium in the second inflow pipeline.
7. The heat exchange device of claim 6, wherein the heat exchange device comprises a first temperature sensor and a second temperature sensor; the first temperature sensor is arranged in the first heat exchanger and is used for detecting the temperature of the solution in the first heat exchanger; the second temperature sensor is arranged in the second heat exchanger and is used for detecting the temperature of the solution in the second heat exchanger.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202320300467.2U CN219640762U (en) | 2023-02-23 | 2023-02-23 | Heat exchange device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202320300467.2U CN219640762U (en) | 2023-02-23 | 2023-02-23 | Heat exchange device |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN219640762U true CN219640762U (en) | 2023-09-05 |
Family
ID=87812380
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN202320300467.2U Active CN219640762U (en) | 2023-02-23 | 2023-02-23 | Heat exchange device |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN219640762U (en) |
-
2023
- 2023-02-23 CN CN202320300467.2U patent/CN219640762U/en active Active
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN201086015Y (en) | Double helix heat exchange reaction still | |
CN219640762U (en) | Heat exchange device | |
WO2010140954A1 (en) | A plate heat exchanger | |
CN217856081U (en) | Temperature control system is used in chlorinated polyvinyl chloride preparation | |
CN103471432A (en) | Double-spiral sheet type fixed tube-sheet heat exchanger with temperature control function | |
CN212993883U (en) | Circulating temperature adjusting mechanism of culture tank | |
CN103486881B (en) | Temperature-controllable floating head heat exchanger with double-helix baffling plates | |
CN102305560A (en) | Design method of plate heat exchanger | |
CN206919707U (en) | Parallel-flow heat exchanger, water tank and air-source water heater | |
CN218637334U (en) | Reation kettle temperature control system | |
CN216347333U (en) | Fused salt temperature control device in naphthalene method phthalic anhydride production | |
CN211074370U (en) | Single-group water type mold temperature controller | |
CN212458043U (en) | Heat exchanger for feeding and discharging materials | |
CN108955197B (en) | Solar energy storage drying device | |
CN213811132U (en) | Constant temperature water supply installation | |
CN220250402U (en) | Raw and auxiliary material feeding temperature control device | |
CN220793982U (en) | Heat exchange sequence adjusting structure of double-section heat exchanger | |
CN210393781U (en) | Injection water cooling system based on multiple cold points | |
CN217504441U (en) | Steam heating device | |
CN220338707U (en) | Secondary temperature control energy-saving equipment | |
CN220230126U (en) | Gas condenser with adjustable outlet temperature | |
CN212721069U (en) | Non-uniform distribution plate type heat exchange fin | |
CN220086172U (en) | Temperature adjusting member and battery pack | |
CN220397856U (en) | Preheating system | |
CN213066742U (en) | Electrophoresis cooling and heating device |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
GR01 | Patent grant |