CN219634956U

CN219634956U - Glass assembly and vehicle comprising same

Info

Publication number: CN219634956U
Application number: CN202320549804.1U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 纳霄
Original assignee: Weilai Automobile Technology Anhui Co Ltd
Current assignee: Weilai Automobile Technology Anhui Co Ltd
Priority date: 2023-03-16
Filing date: 2023-03-16
Publication date: 2023-09-05
Anticipated expiration: 2033-03-16

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of glass, in particular to a glass assembly and a vehicle comprising the same, wherein the glass assembly comprises: a glass unit including an outer glass and an inner glass; a polarizing element provided between the outer layer glass and the inner layer glass so as to: the transmittance of the glass component is reduced under the condition that the incident angle of the incident light from the outer layer glass is larger than the set angle, so that the problem that the transmittance of the incident light with a larger incident angle passing through the glass component cannot be reduced by the existing glass component is solved. Therefore, the polarized light element selectively transmits incident light within a certain angle range, ensures the transmissivity of light rays in a main vision area of an occupant to see clearly road conditions, filters solar rays in noon and overlooking vision of pedestrians approaching a vehicle, ensures riding comfort and privacy, and ensures that the glass component has optical anisotropy.

Description

Glass assembly and vehicle comprising same

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the field of glass, in particular to a glass assembly and a vehicle comprising the same.

Background

With the rapid development of related technologies in the automotive field and the increase of the automobile conservation amount, users have put more stringent demands on automobile safety, privacy, comfort and the like. Such as automobiles, it is often desirable to configure privacy glass to block the line of sight of the vehicle occupants, thereby ensuring a private space within the vehicle. In addition, the privacy glass is usually a colored component, can play a role of reducing transmissivity and absorbing heat, and can reflect and absorb part of direct sunlight. However, in view of driving requirements, the front windshield and both side glasses are required to ensure the head-up view brightness of the occupant, particularly the driver, to ensure safe driving.

At present, privacy glass mainly has two kinds of technical schemes: a privacy glass adopts a semi-permeable membrane technology, such as silver plating, and the like, so that external light can form specular reflection, thereby achieving the effect of protecting privacy; the other privacy glass adopts ion doping technology to color the glass, however, too dark color of the privacy glass can influence the view field of passengers, and too light color can influence the privacy and heat insulation effect. The existing privacy glass cannot meet the requirement of reducing the transmissivity of incident light (such as solar light in noon and light in overlooking direction of people outside a vehicle) in a larger incident angle direction while ensuring the head-up view of a driver.

Accordingly, there is a need in the art for a new solution to the above-mentioned problems.

It should be noted in particular that the background art merely illustrates the necessity and urgency of the present utility model by way of a scenario with more pronounced angle of incidence problems. It is apparent that the glass assembly of the present utility model can also be configured in other products requiring more pronounced anisotropic optical characteristics, such as watches, computers, etc.

Disclosure of Invention

The present utility model is directed to solving the above-mentioned technical problems, that is, the problem that the transmittance of the glass assembly cannot be reduced when the incident angle of the incident light is greater than the set angle in the existing glass assembly.

In a first aspect, the present utility model provides a glass assembly comprising: a glass unit including an outer glass and an inner glass; a polarizing element provided between the outer layer glass and the inner layer glass so as to: in the case where the incident angle of the incident light from the outer layer glass is larger than a set angle, the transmittance of the glass assembly is reduced.

In the present utility model, when the above-described configuration is adopted, the polarized light element is capable of selectively transmitting the incident light in a certain angle range, and a range in which the incident light is lower than the set angle mainly means a head-up view range of the occupant, and in this range, the transmittance of the light increases and the reflectance decreases. When the incident angle of the incident light is larger than the set angle, the incident light mainly refers to solar rays at noon and rays in the overlooking direction of pedestrians approaching the vehicle, and within this range, the transmittance of the rays decreases and the reflectance increases.

It will be appreciated that the skilled person can flexibly adjust the composition, whether to color and how much the shade of the glass is. Illustratively, after the polarizing element adjusts the transmittance of the incident light rays in each direction of the glass assembly, further adjustments in transmittance may still be required by the inner and outer glasses, by adjusting the glass composition, e.g., adjusting SiO ₂ And Na (Na) ₂ CO ₃ The ratio realizes the refractive index as large as possible.

Since the glass has reflective properties, both the inner and outer glass should satisfy fresnel reflection law, in particular, the inner and outer glass should avoid plating the conductive layer or modifying its dielectric properties.

In a preferred embodiment of the glass assembly, the polarizing element is an S-type linear polarizing element.

The natural light is incident to the outer glass from air, the reflected light is mainly S-type linear polarized light, the transmitted light is mainly P-type linear polarized light, and in order to ensure the privacy effect, an S-type linear polarized light element is selected, so that the P-type linear polarized light is filtered and cannot pass through when the transmitted light passes through the S-type linear polarized light element, and the S-type linear polarized light is allowed to pass through.

Under the condition of adopting the technical scheme, the glass unit meeting the Fresnel reflection law can adjust the transmissivity and the reflectivity of light so as to achieve the effect of ensuring privacy. Wherein the glass units are typically dielectrics, the addition of conductive elements should be avoided. To simplify the problem, absorption of light by the glass assembly is neglected, and the transmission coefficients of light, whether S-type linearly polarized light, P-type linearly polarized light, or natural light, do not differ much in the principal field of view of a person having an angle of incidence of 0 ° to about 40 °. However, in a section where the incident angle is increased from about 40 ° to about 90 °, the attenuation rate of the transmission light coefficient of the S-type linearly polarized light is larger than the attenuation rate of the natural light transmittance and larger than the attenuation rate of the transmission light coefficient of the P-type linearly polarized light, and thus, in this section, it is necessary for the polarizing element to preferentially filter the P-type linearly polarized light as much as possible. Therefore, the setting angle is generally about 40 °, such as 40±5°, or the like.

In a preferred embodiment of the above glass assembly, the S-shaped linear polarization element is an S-shaped linear polarization film sheet, and the S-shaped linear polarization film sheet is fixed to the glass unit through a connection layer.

Under the condition of adopting the technical scheme, a specific structural form of the S-shaped linear polarized light element and a fixing mode thereof are provided, and the glass assembly is a group of fixedly connected whole bodies.

It is understood that the type of the connection layer, the installation mode, and the like can be flexibly set by those skilled in the art according to actual situations. Illustratively, the connection layer may be an adhesive layer, such as a PVB film or a PVB coating, which may be directly adhered between the S-type linearly polarized film sheet and the glass unit, and the PVB coating may be disposed in a gap reserved between the S-type linearly polarized film sheet and the glass unit by painting or filling.

Wherein, PVB layer can set up to colored structure or colorless structure, and the PVB layer of colorless structure can play the effect of connection, and colored PVB layer can also play certain absorption incident light's effect when realizing connecting. One skilled in the art can flexibly choose whether or not a PVB layer is tinted, as well as the degree of tinting, depending on whether or not the glass is tinted, the transmittance and refractive index of the desired glass assembly, and the like.

In a preferred embodiment of the above glass assembly, the glass unit and/or the connection layer is colored so as to absorb at least a portion of the incident light.

Under the condition of adopting the technical scheme, the coloring structure can absorb a part of incident light so as to play a role in reducing the transmissivity of the incident light, and can also absorb a part of heat, so that the problem that the temperature of the environment inside the glass assembly is increased when the sun or other light sources are directly irradiated is avoided.

It will be appreciated that the manner of tinting of the glass unit can be flexibly selected by those skilled in the art, and that in addition to the most common ion-doped tinting, the glass can be tinted by adding materials such as compound colloidal particles, metal colloidal particles or semiconductors to the glass raw material, and the glass surface can be tinted by spraying or the like.

When the glass unit is a colored member, both the inner glass and the outer glass may be colored glass, or only one glass may be set as colored glass. The coloring modes of the inner layer glass and the outer layer glass can be the same or different.

In a preferred embodiment of the above glass assembly, the S-shaped linearly polarized light film sheet is bonded to the outer glass and/or the inner glass via the connection layer.

Under the condition of adopting the technical scheme, a specific fixing mode of the S-shaped linearly polarized light diaphragm and the glass unit is provided. It will be appreciated that the medium by which bonding is achieved will be determined by those skilled in the art based on the actual requirements.

In a preferred embodiment of the above glass assembly, the tie layer is a colored PVB layer.

In the case of the above-described technical solution, a specific structural form of the connection layer is given. Specifically, the bonding between the S-shaped linearly polarized light film and the outer/inner glass is achieved by using a colored PVB layer as the connection layer. In addition, the colored PVB layer has a coloring structure, so that the colored PVB layer can absorb incident light and heat.

In an alternative embodiment, the tie layer may be a colored PVB coating disposed between the S-type linearly polarized film sheet and the outer glass and/or inner glass by way of filling, or a colored PVB film that can be adhered directly to the glass unit.

In a preferred embodiment of the above glass assembly, the colored PVB layer is a colored PVB film.

With the above technical solution, a specific embodiment of a colored PVB layer is given.

In a preferred embodiment of the above glass assembly, the glass unit is colorless glass or ion-doped colored glass.

In the case of the above-described technical solution, since the connection layer already plays a role in absorbing incident light, the glass unit can further adjust the transmittance of the glass assembly by adjusting the degree of coloring.

In a preferred embodiment of the above glass assembly, the glass unit is a glass with adjustable transmittance.

With the above technical solution, the glass unit can obtain the required transmittance by adjusting the components, the mixture ratio or controlling the firing process, the temperature, etc. Illustratively, adjust SiO ₂ And Na (Na) ₂ CO ₃ The refractive index of the glass unit may be changed.

In a preferred embodiment of the above glass assembly, the outer glass layer is provided with a semi-permeable membrane for reflecting at least a portion of the incident light.

With the above technical solution, an embodiment of adjusting the glass assembly is presented.

In a second aspect, the present utility model provides a vehicle comprising a glass assembly as defined in any one of the preceding claims.

It will be appreciated that the vehicle has all of the technical effects of the glass assembly described in any of the preceding claims and will not be described in detail herein.

Drawings

Preferred embodiments of the present utility model will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of a glass assembly of a vehicle according to one embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 2 is an optical path diagram of a glass assembly of a vehicle in accordance with one embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 3 is a graph of the light intensity coefficients of a glass component of a vehicle in accordance with one embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 4 is a graph of the light intensity coefficient of a glass component of a vehicle according to one embodiment of the present utility model.

List of reference numerals

100. A vehicle;

1. a glass assembly;

11. an inner layer glass; 12. an outer layer of glass;

13. a first colored PVB film; 14. a second colored PVB film;

15. an S-shaped linearly polarized light film;

21. a first seat; 22. a second seat;

23. a skylight.

Detailed Description

Preferred embodiments of the present utility model are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that these embodiments are merely for explaining the technical principles of the present utility model, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present utility model. For example, although the present embodiment is described in connection with a windshield of a vehicle, it is not intended to limit the scope of the utility model, and one skilled in the art may apply the utility model to other structures such as cell phones, watches, etc. where reduced transmissivity is desired without departing from the principles of the utility model.

It should be noted that, in the description of the present utility model, terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are merely for convenience of description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

Furthermore, it should be noted that, in the description of the present utility model, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "configured," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be directly connected, can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can also be communicated with the inside of two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood by those skilled in the art according to the specific circumstances.

Vehicles are often configured with multiple sets of glass assemblies to provide a good seating experience for occupants, for example, to shield from wind and rain, to isolate the outside environment, to protect privacy, and the like. Generally, two sets of glass assemblies with a certain inclination angle are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of a vehicle, and a set of glass assemblies are respectively arranged on the front side and the rear side of the vehicle, and generally, a set of glass assemblies are also arranged on the top of the vehicle. The glass assembly has a certain transmittance to provide a driver with a view necessary for safe driving, however, considering that the interior environment of the vehicle needs a certain privacy, and incident light of sun or other relatively strong light source to the glass assembly may cause a certain disturbance to the driver, so that the transmittance of the glass assembly needs to be controlled within a certain reasonable range.

Referring first to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a glass assembly of a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present utility model. As shown in fig. 1, the glass assembly 1 mainly comprises a glass unit, a PVB layer and an S-shaped linearly polarized light film 15, wherein the glass unit comprises an inner layer glass 11 and an outer layer glass 12, and the inner layer glass 11 and the outer layer glass 12 are respectively positioned at the outermost sides of the glass assembly 1. The S-shaped linearly polarized light film 15 is arranged between the inner layer glass 11 and the outer layer glass 12, the S-shaped linearly polarized light film 15 is adhered and connected with the outer layer glass 12 through the first colored PVB film 13, and the S-shaped linearly polarized light film 15 is adhered and connected with the inner layer glass 11 through the second colored PVB film 14.

Wherein, the inner layer glass 11 and the outer layer glass 12 are both colored glass. Since the S-shaped linearly polarized film 15 is mainly used to reduce the transmittance of incident light at an angle of incidence of about 40 ° to 90 ° on the glass assembly 1, the transmittance of incident light at an angle of incidence of about 0 ° to 40 ° on the glass assembly 1 is mainly determined by the transmittance of the PVB layer and the glass unit. The main object of the present utility model is to vary the relative value of the transmittance at larger angles of incidence to that of conventional tinted glass while maintaining the transmittance at angles of incidence in the range of 0 deg. to 40 deg. (i.e. the main field of view of the person) as the same as that of conventional tinted glass.

Preferably, in order to realize the premise that the brightness of the visual field of the passengers is the same as that of the traditional colored privacy glass. In the case where it is considered that head-up means realizing discovery along glass or incidence angle of 0 °, it is assumed that the head-up transmittance of the conventional colored privacy glass is T _{Traditional Chinese medicine} Let the transmittance of the outer glass 12 of the present utility model be T ₁ The transmittance of the inner glass 11 was T ₂ The first colored PVB film 13 has a transmittance T ₃ The transmittance of the second colored PVB film 14 is T ₄ Since the S-type linear polarization film 15 filters the P-type linear polarization light, transmits the S-type linear polarization light, and is considered to be half-filtered, the head-up transmittance t=0.5×t of the present utility model ₁ *T ₂ *T ₃ *T ₄ When t=t _{Traditional Chinese medicine} When the colored privacy glass is used, the brightness of the visual field of the passenger at ordinary times can be considered to be the same as that of the conventional colored privacy glass.

It will be appreciated that "the brightness of the occupant's field of view is the same as that of a conventional tinted privacy glass" is the preferred embodiment, but this is not necessary and can be flexibly selected and adjusted by those skilled in the art according to the actual needs.

It will be appreciated that the five-layer construction of the glass assembly 1 described above is not limiting, and that one skilled in the art could change the PVB layer to a colorless construction, or use other constructions that would allow for the connection between the inner and outer sheets of glass 11, 12 and the S-type linearly polarized film 15 instead of the PVB layer, and that in an alternative embodiment the first and second colored PVB films 13, 14 could be replaced with the same or different constructions, and the colors could be the same or different.

In one possible embodiment, in the case where the glass assembly 1 has reached the desired light transmittance, both the inner layer glass 11 and the outer layer glass 12 may be set to colorless glass, or only one of them may be set to a colorless structure.

As shown in fig. 1, rays refer to light rays (natural light), wherein a short horizontal line on the rays represents P-type linearly polarized light, a point represents S-type linearly polarized light, and a propagation path of the light rays is from left to right. In the case where the light is irradiated to the outer glass 12, a part of the light is reflected, and another part of the light changes its propagation direction to continue to penetrate the inside of the glass. In the case where light propagates to the S-type linearly polarized light film sheet 15, the P-type linearly polarized light is filtered, and only the S-type linearly polarized light continues to propagate through the S-type linearly polarized light film sheet 15. Finally, refraction occurs at the inner glass 11, changing the propagation direction, penetrating the glass component 1.

Referring now to fig. 2, fig. 2 is an optical path diagram of a glass assembly of a vehicle in accordance with one embodiment of the present utility model. As shown in fig. 2, fig. 2 shows a basic distribution of the glass assembly 1 of the vehicle 100, and when the occupant is located in the first seat 21 and the second seat 22, the glass assembly 1 on both the left and right sides plays a role of providing a certain view and protecting privacy, and in the case that the incident light is irradiated to the glass assembly 1 at a large incident angle, a part of the light is reflected, and another part of the light passes through the glass assembly 1 after being filtered. In addition, the roof of the vehicle 100 is often provided with a sunroof 23, but since the incident angle of sunlight to the sunroof 23 is extremely small and the field of view of the sunroof 23 is unnecessary, privacy glass having low transmittance is often provided at the position of the sunroof 23.

Referring finally to fig. 3 to 4, fig. 3 is a graph of a first light intensity coefficient of a glass component of a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present utility model, wherein the refractive index of the glass is 1.5, and fig. 4 is a graph of a second light intensity coefficient of a glass component of a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present utility model, wherein the refractive index of the glass is 2. Neglecting absorption of light by the glass, wherein R _p Is P linear polarized light reflectivity, R _s Is S-shaped linear polarized light reflectivity of 0.5 (R _p +R _s ) Is natural light reflectivity, 1-R _p Is P linear polarized light transmittance, 1-R _s Is S-shaped linear polarized light transmittance of 1-0.5 (R _p +R _s ) Is natural light transmittance. As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the S-linear polarized light transmittance 1-R during an increase in the incident angle from about 40 ° to 90 ° (excluding 90 ° itself) _s The attenuation ratio is 1-0.5 (R) _p +R _s ) Attenuation ratio is larger than P linear polarization light transmittance 1-R _p A fade rate; while the transmittance of the present utility model is comparable to that of conventional privacy glass over the principal field of view of a person having an angle of incidence of from 0 deg. to about 40 deg..

It can be seen that, in the glass component of the utility model, the S-shaped linearly polarized light film selectively transmits incident light within a certain angle range, so as to ensure the transmissivity of light rays in a main vision area of an occupant to see road conditions clearly, filter solar rays in noon and overlook vision of pedestrians approaching a vehicle, ensure riding comfort and privacy, and ensure the glass component to have optical anisotropy; the PVB layer can play a role in connecting the S-shaped linearly polarized light diaphragm with the inner layer glass and the outer layer glass, and the colored PVB can play a role in reducing the transmissivity to a certain extent; the glass unit is provided with a colored structure, and can further play a role in reducing transmittance.

It should be noted that the foregoing description of the preferred embodiments is merely illustrative of the principles of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the scope of the utility model. The above-described arrangements may be adapted by a person skilled in the art without departing from the principles of the present utility model, so that the present utility model may be adapted to more specific application scenarios.

Of course, the alternative embodiments described above, as well as the alternative and preferred embodiments, may also be used in a cross-fit manner, thereby combining new embodiments to suit more specific application scenarios.

Furthermore, those skilled in the art will appreciate that while some embodiments described herein include some features but not others included in other embodiments, combinations of features of different embodiments are meant to be within the scope of the present utility model and form different embodiments, such as whether a PVB layer and a glass unit are tinted. Any of the claimed embodiments may be used in any combination in the claims of the present utility model.

Thus far, the technical solution of the present utility model has been described in connection with the preferred embodiments shown in the drawings, but it is easily understood by those skilled in the art that the scope of protection of the present utility model is not limited to these specific embodiments. Equivalent modifications and substitutions for related technical features may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principles of the present utility model, and such modifications and substitutions will fall within the scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A glass assembly, the glass assembly comprising:

a glass unit including an outer glass and an inner glass;

a polarizing element provided between the outer layer glass and the inner layer glass so as to:

in the case where the incident angle of the incident light from the outer layer glass is larger than a set angle, the transmittance of the glass assembly is reduced.

2. The glass assembly of claim 1, wherein the polarizing element is an S-type linear polarizing element.

3. The glass assembly of claim 2, wherein the S-shaped linearly polarized light element is an S-shaped linearly polarized light film sheet, the S-shaped linearly polarized light film sheet being secured to the glass unit by a tie layer.

4. A glass assembly according to claim 3, wherein the glass unit and/or the connection layer is a coloured structure so as to absorb at least a portion of incident light.

5. The glass assembly of claim 4, wherein the S-shaped linearly polarized light film sheet is bonded to the outer glass and/or the inner glass via the tie layer.

6. The glass assembly of claim 5, wherein the tie layer is a colored PVB layer.

7. The glass assembly of claim 6, wherein the colored PVB layer is a colored PVB film.

8. The glass assembly of claim 4, wherein the glass unit is a colorless glass or an ion doped colored glass.

9. The glass assembly of claim 4, wherein the glass unit is a transmittance-adjustable glass.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that it is provided with a glass assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 9.