CN2196290Y - Work piece angle and length measuring apparatus - Google Patents
Work piece angle and length measuring apparatus Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN2196290Y CN2196290Y CN 94238601 CN94238601U CN2196290Y CN 2196290 Y CN2196290 Y CN 2196290Y CN 94238601 CN94238601 CN 94238601 CN 94238601 U CN94238601 U CN 94238601U CN 2196290 Y CN2196290 Y CN 2196290Y
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- light
- pulse
- workpiece
- detector
- photo
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- Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model discloses a device which can measure the angle and length of a workpiece by means of light pulse methods and belongs to a metering device which can measure linear dimensions and angles with optical methods. The metering device comprises a pulse counting circuit. The metering device is characterized in that the metering device is provided with an optical probe which is composed of a pulsed light source with highly stable frequency and an optical detector, a probe position adjusting mechanism, and a motion system which causes the workpieces to be measured and the optical probe to achieve relative uniform speed motion or relative uniformly retarted motion. The angle measuring accuracy of the utility model is less than one second, and the length measuring accuracy can approach to the standard sample accuracy. The utility model has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, and fast measurement, and can be widely used for detecting precision parts of mechanical process industry.
Description
The utility model is a kind of with light pulse method measuring workpieces angle and measurement of length device, the quick measurement of particularly suitable planar shaped workpiece angle and length, and belonging to the optical means is measure linear size and the angle and the metering outfit of feature.
Angle and length are the important parameters of workpiece.At present existing multiple instrument and measurer are used for the precision measurement of workpiece angle and length.As measure the interferometer of length, the round grating that takes measurement of an angle, circle magnetic grid etc.These apparatus structure complexity, cost an arm and a leg, precision is subjected to the manufacturing process restriction, generally is not suitable for the quick measurement of batch workpiece.
The purpose of this utility model be design a kind of simple in structure, easy to use, measure rapidly and the lower workpiece angle of price and the precision measurement apparatus of length, the utility model can also be used for the precision measurement of speed.
Principle of the present utility model is to utilize the high stability light-pulse generator of frequency, and under kinematic system drove, workpiece for measurement relative pulse light source was made uniform motion.As pulsed frequency is ν
0, the speed of related movement of workpiece and light source is u
0Or angular velocity omega
0Workpiece angle or length are α or l, and in workpiece and light source relative motion process, the reception of angle to be measured or length correspondence or the light pulse number that loses are n, then have
l＝ (μ
0)/(ν
0) ·n （1）
α＝ (ω
0)/(ν
0) ·n （2）
Be known as l as Workpiece length or angle
0Or α
0But, then finding speed u or angular velocity omega, promptly
u＝ (l
0)/(n) ·ν
0（3）
ω＝ (α
0)/(n) ·ν
0（4）
When the length of measuring workpiece for measurement or angle, use known length l
0Or known angle [alpha]
0Standard sample (standard specimen) try to achieve u earlier
0And ω
0, use (1), (2) formula can record Workpiece length or angle then.Promptly
l＝l
0· (n0)/(n) （5）
α＝α
0· (n
0)/(n) （6）
N in the formula
0Be the reception of standard specimen correspondence or the light pulse number that loses.
The utility model is when taking measurement of an angle, and available 360 ° of angles of circumference are as absolute standard specimen, and at this moment, (6) formula can be write as
α＝360°· (n)/(n
0′) （7）
N in the formula
0' be the umber of pulse of 360 ° of angle of circumference correspondences.
The utility model also can be measured under the uniform variable motion do relative with light source of workpiece.For example, in that light source is relative with workpiece when doing uniformly retarded motion, the workpiece of length to be measured is placed between two standard specimens.If the length of forward and backward two standard specimens is respectively l
1, l
2, the umber of pulse of these two standard specimen correspondences is respectively n
1, n
2Begin to calculate umber of pulse from first standard specimen center, the corresponding N in first limit of workpiece
1Individual pulse, the corresponding N in second limit of workpiece
2Individual pulse, second corresponding N in standard specimen center
0Individual pulse through simply deriving, gets Workpiece length
Similarly, when the even deceleration of the relative do of light source (angular velocity) motion measurement workpiece angle, in the same circumferential plane that workpiece rotates, a reference angle is set arbitrarily, then treats angle measurement with workpiece
In the formula, n
1, n
2Be respectively reference angle and rotate all umber of pulses of secondary correspondence successively, N
0Be the umber of pulse of 360 ° of angle of circumference correspondences, begin to calculate umber of pulse, treat the corresponding N in first limit of angle measurement from the reference angle center
1Individual pulse, second corresponding N in limit
2Individual pulse.
Measuring accuracy of the present utility model depends on pulsed frequency ν
0Stability, the length standard specimen precision of the stability of workpiece motion s speed or acceleration, probe pulse (detector window) size, linear measure longimetry.The pulse power exciting light source of use crystal oscillator frequency stabilization can obtain frequency and be higher than 1 megahertz and extremely stable light-pulse generator, and photo-detector also is enough to detect each light pulse, therefore, and ν
0Can ignore with the error of counting.The stability of workpiece and light source speed of related movement is guaranteed by kinematic system.Diaphragm is set before photo-detector or, makes photo-detector window diameter less than 10 μ m, and can further reduce the influence of probe size (detector window) by pulse amplitude analysis with the coupling of detector and optical fiber.The length standard specimen is measured with existing surveying instrument can be better than 1 μ m, and angle can adopt 360 ° of absolute standard specimens of conduct, and therefore, linear measure longimetry precision of the present utility model can be bordering on 1 μ m, and angle-measurement accuracy can be better than 1 second.
Basic structure of the present utility model comprises pulse-scaling circuit, it is characterized in that by optic probe, a probe positions adjusting mechanism of being made up of the light-pulse generator and the photo-detector of the excitation of the pulse power of crystal oscillator frequency stabilization and makes workpiece for measurement and light source is made the kinematic system that is made of motor, speed reduction unit, belt gear and flywheel of relative motion.
Light-pulse generator of the present utility model can be to send the laser instrument of directional light, also with optics colimated light system collimated laser light device or ordinary light source.The reception of pulsed light can be adopted correlation or reflective two kinds.Adopt its light source of optic probe and the photo-detector of correlation staggered relatively, workpiece for measurement places between light source and the photo-detector, and photo-detector directly receives the light from light source.Adopt reflective its light source of optic probe and photo-detector respectively with the port coupling of two optical fiber of an optical cable and place the same side of workpiece for measurement, photo-detector receives the reflected light from surface of the work.
For the optic probe of correlation structure, in order to guarantee measuring accuracy, before photo-detector, also be provided with diaphragm or make photo-detector and the optical fiber coupling, make the spot size of reception as far as possible little.
In order to reduce the influence of spot size to measuring accuracy, the utility model also is provided with the pulse amplitude analysis unit.
The utility model can also have computing machine and demonstration, print system, measures automatically with fast realizing.
The utility model is compared with existing precision angle, length measuring apparatus, under same precision condition, have simple in structure, cost is low, measure characteristics rapidly, is suitable for the quick measurement of workpiece in enormous quantities.Owing to adopt 360 ° of angles of circumference as absolute standard specimens, the distance between workpiece center of rotation and optic probe is during greater than 200 millimeters, and angle measurement accuracy is better than 1 second.Linear measure longimetry can be near the precision of standard specimen.The utility model can be widely used in the detection of precision optical machinery parts.Simultaneously, also can be used for the precision measurement of speed and angular velocity.
Fig. 1 is the angle-measuring equipment of correlation structure optic probe.1 is synchronous motor among the figure, and 2 is reducer casing, the 3rd, and belt gear, the 4th, main shaft, the 5th, clutch coupling, the 6th, flywheel, the 7th, work stage, the 8th, workpiece for measurement (for example gear), the 9th, with reference to slotted vane, as reference angle, 10 is light-pulse generator, the 11st, and photo-detector, the 12nd, the optic probe displacement mechanism that light-pulse generator 10 and photo-detector 11 are formed, 13 is the pulse power by the crystal oscillator frequency stabilization, pulse-scaling circuit and pulse amplitude analysis unit, and 14 is computing machine and demonstration, print system.
Fig. 2 is the measuring motion of reflective structure optic probe.21 is synchronous motor among the figure, the 22nd, reducer casing, the 23rd, belt gear, the 25th, clutch coupling, the 26th, flywheel, 27 is workpiece, standard specimen transfer wheel, the 28th, workpiece, standard specimen transport tape, the 29th, the length standard specimen, the 30th, workpiece for measurement, 31 is the reflective optic probe that is coupled with two optical fiber compositions of light-pulse generator and photo-detector at the one end respectively, the 32nd, the optic probe displacement mechanism, 33 is the pulse power, pulse-scaling circuit and the pulse amplitude analysis unit the same with 13 of Fig. 1, and 34 is computing machine and demonstration, print system.
Fig. 1 also can adopt the reflective optic probe. At this moment, only need light source 10, light prober 11 and optic probe displacement structure 12 among the fibre-optical probe 31 among Fig. 2, probe displacement mechanism 32 replacement Fig. 1. Equally, Fig. 2 also can adopt the correlation optic probe, is about to 10,11,12 among Fig. 1 and replaces 31,32 among Fig. 2, as long as light-pulse generator 10 and light prober 11 are placed two sides of workpiece and standard specimen transport tape 28. Adopt the correlation optic probe to require workpiece to treat that there is the variation of printing opacity, shading at angle measurement or place, two limits of length to be measured; Adopt the anacamptics probe to require the surface of the work light, probe can detect the reverberation from the sufficient intensity of surface of the work.
Fig. 3 is that kinematic system drives the optic probe motion and the device of measurement length in the static situation of workpiece and standard specimen. 41,42,43 are respectively synchronous motor, reduction box and belt pulley among the figure, and the 44th, pinch roller, it is used for increasing the frictional force between belt and the belt pulley, and Make and walk around Distance Shortened between the belt pulley two side belts, the 45th, flywheel, 46 is belt, 47 is rope sheave, the 48th, steel wire rope, 49,50 is limit switch, 51 is the coaster that is driven probe movement by steel wire rope, the 52nd, and the coaster guide rail, light-pulse generator 53 and light prober 54 form optic probe, workpiece for measurement 55 and standard specimen 56 place on the workbench 57, the 58th, the optic probe displacement mechanism, 59 is the pulse power by the crystal oscillator frequency stabilization, pulse-scaling circuit and pulse amplitude analysis unit, the 60th, computer and demonstration, print system, 61 is the contact on the coaster 51, the 62nd, and the arrangement of clutch between belt 46 and the steel wire rope 48.
Below in conjunction with the several embodiment of description of drawings:
Embodiment 1: see Fig. 1.Workpiece for measurement 8 is gears, is fixed in workpiece for measurement on the work stage 7 and gear centre is overlapped with main shaft 4 centers.By displacement mechanism 12 light-pulse generator 10 and photo-detector 11 are adjusted to and to be aimed at gear side uncinus place.Arbitrary teeth groove place at gear attaches with reference to slotted vane 9.Actuating motor 1 slows down through reducer casing 2, and belt gear 3 drives flywheel 6 and worktable 7, workpiece 8 motions.Because the speed stabilizing effect of flywheel 6 can guarantee kinematic system work uniform circular motion at a slow speed.Enabling pulse power supply, pulse counting equipment and pulse amplitude analysis unit 13, and by computer system 14 demonstrations, analysis; When reference slotted vane 9 in succession secondary between light-pulse generator 10 and photo-detector 11, pass through, when detected umber of pulse can think equal in the error range that requires, then show the workpiece for measurement circular motion that remained a constant speed, at this moment, can measure the angle between teeth of gear to be measured by (7) formula, and by computer system 14 calculate, show, storage or printout.Judge except being used to whether workpiece is done the uniform circular motion with reference to slotted vane 9, also as the starting point of each tooth numbering to be measured, so that measurement data is corresponding one by one with tooth to be measured.Light-pulse generator 10 is laser instruments of emitting parallel light, also can be to be furnished with the laser instrument of optical alignment system or ordinary light source to guarantee its emitting parallel light.The about 5 μ m diaphragms of diameter are arranged before the photo-detector 11, and near the gear lower surface.Because diaphragm has certain size (being 5 μ m) here, in the gear rotation process, gear edge has only the part of light beam to pass through sometimes, the pulse height that receives is descended, the pulse amplitude analysis unit (wave-height analyzer) that is provided with will be only to being higher than half the step-by-step counting of normal burst amplitude, significantly reduced of the influence of detector window (diaphragm) size to measuring accuracy.
Present embodiment also can be done to measure angle between teeth by (9) formula under the uniformly retarded motion condition at workpiece.At this moment, only need after the rotation of kinematic system drive workpiece reaches certain rotating speed, loosen the clutch 5, workpiece is done uniformly retarded motion under the inertia-activated of flywheel 6, and measuring process is as hereinbefore.
If gear edge is neat, surface-brightening also can carry out the measurement of angle between teeth with reflective probe shown in Figure 2, only needs the optic probe 31 with Fig. 2, and probe displacement mechanism 32 replaces light-pulse generator 10, light prober 11 and displacement mechanism 12 to get final product.
Embodiment 2: see Fig. 2.Workpiece for measurement is that a cross section is trapezoidal rectangular part.Because there is a gradient on its two limit,, thereby adopt reflective probe to measure for the length of measuring its trapezoidal top margin can not adopt the correlation probe.Reflective optic probe 31 is an optical cable, and wherein an end of two optical fiber is coupled with light-pulse generator and photo-detector.Workpiece places on the transport tape 28, and the standard specimen of a plurality of known length then evenly is fixed on the transport tape 28.Under driving, synchronous motor 21, reducer casing 22, belt gear 23 and flywheel 26 make uniform motion.When the light pulse number of two standard specimens reflection of same size was identical, workpiece 30 had been in the uniform speed motion state, begins to measure, and can record Workpiece length l by (5) formula.
Present embodiment also can be done under the uniformly retarded motion condition at workpiece, by (8) formula measuring workpieces length, only need the normal operation of workpiece motion s system after, loosen the clutch 25 makes workpiece and standard specimen do uniformly retarded motion under flywheel 26 drives and gets final product.
If the workpiece border does not have gradient, then can adopt correlation probe as Fig. 1.At this moment, only need correlation probe segment (being light source 10, detector 11 and displacement mechanism 12) replacement with reflective optic probe 31 and displacement mechanism 32 usefulness Fig. 1 thereof, and with 10 and 11 both sides that place workpiece and standard specimen transport tape 27.
Embodiment 3: as shown in Figure 3.This embodiment realizes the relative motion of workpiece and probe with the motion of optic probe.The kinematic system 41,42,43,44,45 of present embodiment is all the time in same direction motion, and the direction of motion of belt 46 upper and lower two sides is opposite.The light source 53 of optic probe and the coaster 51 of detector 54 are housed drive slip on guide rail 52 by wire rope 48, when coaster contact 61 contacts with limit switch 49,50, arrangement of clutch 62 fastens twine rope 48 respectively with upper and lower side belt 46, realize that with this optic probe is reciprocating on guide rail.The principle of present embodiment and measuring method as hereinbefore, its optic probe also can change reflective structure into certainly.
When angle measurement, also available optic probe rotates and workpiece is static.But need to solve the problem that is electrically connected of a series of light sources and detector and power supply and pulse counting equipment, structure will complexity.As use brush to connect, because brush wear influences reliability.Therefore, be not suitable for adopting.
The foregoing description all can be realized the measurement of kinematic system speed by (3), (4) formula.
Claims (8)
1, a kind of with light pulse method measuring workpieces angle and measurement of length device, comprise pulse-scaling circuit, of the present utility modelly be characterised in that by optic probe, a probe positions adjusting mechanism of forming by the light-pulse generator and the photo-detector of the excitation of the pulse power of crystal oscillator frequency stabilization and make workpiece for measurement and light source is made the kinematic system that is made of motor, speed reduction unit, belt gear and flywheel of relative motion.
2, by the described measurement mechanism of claim 1, the light-pulse generator that it is characterized in that said optic probe is to send the laser instrument of directional light or with optics colimated light system collimated laser light device or ordinary light source.
3, by claim 1 or 2 described measurement mechanisms, it is characterized in that said optic probe is that photo-detector and light-pulse generator place workpiece for measurement two limits, the correlation structure optic probe of the light that the direct received pulse light source of photo-detector sends.
4, by claim 1 or 2 described measurement mechanisms, it is characterized in that said optic probe be photo-detector and light-pulse generator respectively with the port coupling of two optical fiber of an optical cable, optical cable places workpiece for measurement the same side, and photo-detector receives the catoptrical reflective structure optic probe of surface of the work.
5,, it is characterized in that being provided with diaphragm before the photo-detector of said correlation optic probe or photo-detector is coupled with optical fiber by the described measurement mechanism of claim 3.
6,, it is characterized in that pulse amplitude analysis unit in addition by the described measurement mechanism of claim 1.
7, by the described measurement mechanism of claim 1, it is characterized in that said kinematic system also comprises clutch coupling.
8, by the described measurement mechanism of claim 1, it is characterized in that also comprising computing machine and demonstration, print system.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 94238601 CN2196290Y (en) | 1994-04-27 | 1994-04-27 | Work piece angle and length measuring apparatus |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 94238601 CN2196290Y (en) | 1994-04-27 | 1994-04-27 | Work piece angle and length measuring apparatus |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN2196290Y true CN2196290Y (en) | 1995-05-03 |
Family
ID=33845971
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 94238601 Expired - Fee Related CN2196290Y (en) | 1994-04-27 | 1994-04-27 | Work piece angle and length measuring apparatus |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN2196290Y (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102589449A (en) * | 2011-01-07 | 2012-07-18 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Length measuring device of slab and measuring method |
| CN106247996A (en) * | 2016-09-13 | 2016-12-21 | 安图实验仪器(郑州)有限公司 | Belt wheel detecting system based on laser ranging with stepping indexing |
| CN107192338A (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2017-09-22 | 郑州完美屹克科技有限公司 | Noncontact length-measuring appliance |
| WO2017197876A1 (en) * | 2016-05-17 | 2017-11-23 | 中国矿业大学 | Apparatus and method for wear monitoring of teeth of sprockets of scraper conveyor |
-
1994
- 1994-04-27 CN CN 94238601 patent/CN2196290Y/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102589449A (en) * | 2011-01-07 | 2012-07-18 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Length measuring device of slab and measuring method |
| CN102589449B (en) * | 2011-01-07 | 2015-04-01 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Length measuring device of slab and measuring method |
| WO2017197876A1 (en) * | 2016-05-17 | 2017-11-23 | 中国矿业大学 | Apparatus and method for wear monitoring of teeth of sprockets of scraper conveyor |
| CN106247996A (en) * | 2016-09-13 | 2016-12-21 | 安图实验仪器(郑州)有限公司 | Belt wheel detecting system based on laser ranging with stepping indexing |
| CN106247996B (en) * | 2016-09-13 | 2019-04-19 | 安图实验仪器(郑州)有限公司 | Belt wheel detection system based on laser ranging and stepping indexing |
| CN107192338A (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2017-09-22 | 郑州完美屹克科技有限公司 | Noncontact length-measuring appliance |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C19 | Lapse of patent right due to non-payment of the annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |