CN219614692U - Guide wire - Google Patents

Abstract

The embodiment of the disclosure provides a guide wire, which comprises a core wire, wherein the core wire is positioned at an inner layer of the guide wire and extends from a proximal end of the guide wire to a head end of the guide wire, a sheath is arranged at the outer side of the core wire, a safety net is arranged between the core wire and the sheath, the core wire and the safety net are coaxially arranged, the safety net is arranged at the head end of the core wire and connected with the head end of the core wire, and the sheath covers the whole safety net part and other parts except the safety net part on the core wire. According to the embodiment of the disclosure, the head end of the guide wire is kept soft, and meanwhile, the guide wire has high breaking force, and meanwhile, excellent torsion control performance and deformation resistance are also achieved, so that the comprehensive performance of the guide wire is comprehensively improved.

Description

Guide wire

Technical Field

The present disclosure relates to the field of medical devices, and in particular to a guidewire.

Background

Guidewires have been widely used in medical interventions such as Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary Angioplasty (PTCA) or percutaneous transluminal vascular angioplasty (PTA). The guide wire provides a basic track for interventional instruments such as a catheter, a bracket, a balloon and the like in interventional diagnosis and treatment processes, and is an indispensable matching product in interventional operation. For example, in coronary stent implantation, a guidewire is first advanced from the radial or femoral artery, and then the proximal end of the guidewire is controlled to rotate the end of the guidewire, thereby advancing the guidewire in a predetermined direction in each branch of the coronary artery. After the guide wire reaches the target position, the balloon catheter of the pre-loaded stent is delivered to the vascular lesion position along the guide wire, and then the subsequent treatment procedure is carried out.

Clinically, the most important and basic performance of the guide wire is the safety of the end of the guide wire head, namely, the guide wire is required to have a soft end, so that the phenomenon of perforation in the use process due to the fact that the end of the guide wire head is hard is avoided, and meanwhile, the guide wire is required to have higher breaking force, and the phenomenon of breakage or wire falling of the end of the guide wire in the use process is avoided. Therefore, in order to ensure softness of the yarn guiding end, the diameter of the head end core wire is generally reduced, and the yarn guiding end breakage phenomenon is easy to occur in clinical use due to small breaking force of the yarn guiding end caused by small diameter of the head end core wire. If the diameter of the core wire of the head end is increased in order to ensure the breaking force of the wire guiding end, the wire guiding end is hard due to the increase of the diameter of the core wire, and the perforation phenomenon easily occurs in the clinical use process.

The guide wire in the prior art has the danger that the head end is easy to break and fall off because the tip end of the core wire does not reach the end of the guide wire (Shaping rib design). And the guide wire has the phenomenon of 'tail flick' because the core wire does not reach the head end, and when the proximal end of the guide wire is rotated, the torsion force cannot be transmitted to the head end of the guide wire, so that the torsion control of the guide wire is insufficient.

Disclosure of Invention

It is an aim of embodiments of the present disclosure to provide a guidewire to address the problems of the prior art. In order to solve the technical problems, the embodiments of the present disclosure adopt the following technical solutions:

the embodiment of the disclosure provides a guide wire, which comprises a core wire, wherein the core wire is positioned at an inner layer of the guide wire and extends from a proximal end of the guide wire to a head end of the guide wire, and a sheath is arranged at the outer side of the core wire.

In some embodiments, the tip of the core wire is any one of cone, parabolic, and streamline.

In some embodiments, the diameter of the core wire gradually decreases from the distal end to the head end.

In some embodiments, the core wire is made from at least one of a nickel-titanium alloy, 304 stainless steel, 316 stainless steel, cobalt-based alloy, fe-Mn alloy, cu-Zn alloy, fe-Ni alloy, or Ti-Ni-X alloy.

In some embodiments, the safety mesh is made by braiding wires, either round wires or flat wires, into different mesh densities or different sizes.

In some embodiments, the sheath employs a spring coil sheath, a polymer sheath, or a combination of both.

In some embodiments, the sheath is a spring ring sheath, the spring ring sheath is formed by connecting a developing spring and a stainless steel spring, the developing spring covers the whole safety net part, and the stainless steel spring covers other parts except the safety net part on the core wire.

In some embodiments, the developing spring is made of at least one of platinum tungsten alloy, platinum nickel alloy, platinum iridium alloy, gold, or other suitable material.

In some embodiments, a hydrophilic coating is disposed on the jacket outer surface.

In some embodiments, the hydrophilic coating is made with at least one of a polyvinylpyrrolidone coating, a polyethylene oxide coating, a transparent acrylate coating, or a polymethylvinyl ether-maleic anhydride coating.

In some embodiments, the core wire comprises a distal core wire and a proximal core wire, the distal core wire and the proximal core wire are connected by means of resistance welding and/or bonding, and a metal tube is provided outside the connected portion of the distal core wire and the proximal core wire.

In some embodiments, the metal tube is connected to the distal core wire and the proximal core wire by an adhesive.

In some embodiments, the proximal core wire has a stiffness that is greater than the stiffness of the distal core wire.

According to the embodiment of the disclosure, the problem of safety of the end of the guide wire is solved, the end of the guide wire is kept soft and simultaneously has higher breaking force, and meanwhile, excellent torsion control performance and deformation resistance are achieved, and particularly, the requirement of the end softness, the higher breaking force and the excellent torsion control performance are achieved, wherein the end is easy to shape for many times and has good shaping maintaining force, and the hydrophilic coating on the surface enables the guide wire to have good lubricity and tracking performance, so that the comprehensive performance of the guide wire can be comprehensively improved.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present disclosure or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present disclosure, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort to a person of ordinary skill in the art.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a guide wire according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a guide wire at position A-A in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a spring coil sheath in a guidewire according to one embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a safety mesh in a guidewire according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a safety mesh in a guidewire according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration of a tip softness test of a guidewire according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 7 is a graph of head end softness and breaking force test results for a guidewire according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a guidewire according to another embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 9 is a schematic illustration of the connection of the interior of a guidewire according to another embodiment of the disclosure;

FIG. 10 is a schematic illustration of the connection of the interior of a guidewire according to another embodiment of the disclosure;

fig. 11 is a schematic illustration of the connection of the interior of a guidewire according to another embodiment of the disclosure.

Reference numerals:

10-core wire; 101-a distal guidewire; 102-a proximal guidewire; 103-a metal tube; 11-a safety net; 12-sheath; 13-hydrophilic coating; 14-developing spring; 15-stainless steel spring.

Detailed Description

Various aspects and features of the disclosure are described herein with reference to the drawings.

It should be understood that various modifications may be made to the embodiments of the application herein. Therefore, the above description should not be taken as limiting, but merely as exemplification of the embodiments. Other modifications within the scope and spirit of this disclosure will occur to persons of ordinary skill in the art.

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the disclosure and, together with a general description of the disclosure given above and the detailed description of the embodiments given below, serve to explain the principles of the disclosure.

These and other characteristics of the present disclosure will become apparent from the following description of a preferred form of embodiment, given as a non-limiting example, with reference to the accompanying drawings.

It should also be understood that, although the present disclosure has been described with reference to some specific examples, a person skilled in the art will certainly be able to achieve many other equivalent forms of the present disclosure, having the characteristics as set forth in the claims and hence all coming within the field of protection defined thereby.

The above and other aspects, features and advantages of the present disclosure will become more apparent in light of the following detailed description when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Specific embodiments of the present disclosure will be described hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings; however, it is to be understood that the disclosed embodiments are merely examples of the disclosure, which may be embodied in various forms. Well-known and/or repeated functions and constructions are not described in detail to avoid obscuring the disclosure in unnecessary or unnecessary detail.

Therefore, specific structural and functional details disclosed herein are not intended to be limiting, but merely serve as a basis for the claims and as a representative basis for teaching one skilled in the art to variously employ the present disclosure in virtually any appropriately detailed structure.

The specification may use the word "in one embodiment," "in another embodiment," "in yet another embodiment," or "in other embodiments," which may each refer to one or more of the same or different embodiments in accordance with the disclosure.

Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a guidewire, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, fig. 1 showing a schematic structural view of the guidewire, fig. 2 showing a schematic sectional view of the guidewire at A-A position, which includes a core wire 10, the core wire 10 being a core portion of the guidewire, which is located in an inner layer of the guidewire and extends from a proximal end of the guidewire to a distal end of the guidewire to a tip end of the guidewire, where the proximal end refers to a portion close to an operator, where the distal end refers to a portion far from the operator, where the tip end refers to an end position of the distal end, which may take a circular or tip-shaped arrangement. In this embodiment, the overall length of the core wire 10 is preferably 100-400cm.

In particular, as further shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the diameter of the guidewire may vary, for example, in one embodiment, the guidewire includes two portions, a portion at the distal end of the guidewire and a portion B at the proximal, i.e., non-distal, end of the guidewire, respectively, where the diameter of portion B of the core wire 10 is greater than the diameter of portion A; in another embodiment, the diameter of the core wire 10 decreases from the proximal end to the distal end to the head end, such that the diameter of the head end of the core wire 10 is very small, providing good flexibility to the head end of the guidewire.

Further, the tip of the core wire 10 may be tapered, parabolic, streamlined or any other structure, the core wire 10 has a high strength, the core wire 10 with high strength can provide good supporting force and pushing force for the guide wire, the core wire 10 may be made of any material suitable for being used as a guide wire, including but not limited to one of nickel-titanium alloy, 304 stainless steel, 316 stainless steel, cobalt-based alloy, fe-Mn alloy, cu-Zn alloy, fe-Ni alloy or Ti-Ni-X alloy, and of course, may be made of any two or more materials by connection, wherein the connection is one or more of resistance welding, brazing, ultrasonic welding, laser welding, adhesive bonding, and snap fitting. For example, the distally located core wire 10 may be made of a nickel titanium alloy that provides a high resistance to deformation, thus providing a high resistance to deformation of the distal end of the guidewire. The core wire 10 may be manufactured by physical grinding or chemical etching after the material is selected.

In another embodiment, when the core wire 10 is made of a single material, for example, a stainless steel material is used, the stainless steel material has high rigidity, strong support and good pushing property, but is easy to deform, so that the flexibility and the deformation resistance are possibly poor, the operability of the guide wire is poor, the guide wire cannot reach the lesion site quickly and safely, and the operation risk is increased; if the nickel-titanium alloy material is adopted, the nickel-titanium alloy material has good elasticity and small rigidity, so that the nickel-titanium alloy material has excellent flexibility and deformation resistance, but has weak supporting force and poor pushing property, and can influence subsequent smooth release of the balloon, the bracket and other instruments, thereby increasing the operation risk;

the core wire 10 may also be made of a composite material, for example, a combination of stainless steel and nitinol, where the core wire 10 includes a distal core wire 101 and a proximal core wire 102, as shown in fig. 9 and 10, where the distal core wire 101 is located at the distal end of the guide wire and extends to the distal end of the guide wire, and the proximal core wire 102 is located at the proximal end of the guide wire, where the distal end of the proximal core wire 102 is connected to the proximal end of the distal core wire 101, where the proximal core wire 102 is stiffer than the distal core wire 101, where the proximal core wire 102 is made of a stainless steel material, and where the distal core wire 101 is made of a nitinol material, where the distal core wire 101 and the proximal core wire 102 are connected together by resistance welding and bonding, as shown in fig. 9, or by direct welding, as shown in fig. 10.

The electric resistance welding can improve the torque transmission of the guide wire, and the bonding can avoid the problem that when the guide wire is bent due to different rigidities of the distal core wire 101 and the proximal core wire 102, the guide wire is easy to break due to stress concentration at a welding part, so that the safety of the guide wire is improved. The proximal core wire 2 with better rigidity can provide good supporting force and pushing force for the guide wire, the distal core wire 1 with weak rigidity can provide good deformation resistance and flexibility for the guide wire, the core wire such as nickel-titanium alloy and the core wire of stainless steel are connected together in a direct welding and bonding mode, the distal end of the guide wire has excellent deformation resistance and flexibility by combining the two material characteristics, the proximal end of the guide wire has better supporting force and pushing force, and the torsion control and safety of the guide wire are improved.

However, if the bonding method is adopted, since the 2 materials are overlapped with each other, i.e. not on the same line, when the portion is in a bending state, the torsion is decomposed at the portion when the proximal end of the guide wire is rotated, i.e. the torsion transmission cannot realize 1:1 transmission, if the direct welding method is adopted, since the rigidity of the 2 materials is different, when the portion is in a bending state, stress concentration is easily generated, so that bending occurs at the welding portion, and the fracture risk occurs.

For this purpose, further, a metal tube 103 is provided outside the connection portion of the distal core wire 101 and the proximal core wire 102, specifically, the metal tube 103 is connected with the distal core wire 101 and the proximal core wire 102 by an adhesive, and by the metal tube 103, the problem that stress concentration easily causes breakage at a welding place when bending the guide wire due to difference in rigidity of 2-stage core wires can be avoided.

In a specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 11, the distal core wire 101 and the proximal core wire 102 are connected together by, for example, resistance welding, and then the metal tube 103 is bonded together with the distal core wire 1, the proximal core wire 2 and the metal tube 103 under the action of an adhesive, so that the guide wire has excellent operability. The distal core wire 1 and the proximal core wire 2 herein have a length of 100-400cm, and the metal tube 103 herein may be made of any material having high resistance to deformation, including but not limited to nickel-titanium alloy, fe-Ni alloy or Ti-Ni-X alloy; the adhesive herein may be made of any material that has good connectivity, including but not limited to one or more of AB glue, shellac, solder.

As shown in fig. 2, a sheath 12 for protecting the core wire 10 is provided on the outer side of the core wire 10, a safety net 11 is provided between the core wire 10 and the sheath 12, the safety net 11 is provided near the distal end of the core wire 10 and is connected to the head end of the core wire 10, and the core wire 10, the safety net 11 and the sheath 12 are coaxially provided, wherein the sheath 12 covers the whole part of the safety net 11, and may cover other parts of the core wire 10 except the part of the safety net 11. A hydrophilic coating 13 is provided on the outer surface of the sheath 12, and the coating area of the hydrophilic coating 13 is larger than the coverage area of the sheath 12.

As mentioned above, the sheath 12 covers part of the core wire 10 and the entire safety net 11, and the sheath 12 may be in the form of a spring ring sheath, a polymer sheath or a mixture of both, but other suitable materials may be used.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the sheath 12 is a spring ring sheath, specifically, the spring ring sheath is formed by connecting a developing spring 14 and a stainless steel spring 15, where the connection may be one or more of resistance welding, brazing, ultrasonic welding, laser welding, adhesive, and snap fitting. In one embodiment, the developing spring 14 and the stainless steel spring 15 may be connected by laser welding to form the spring ring sheath, where the current set during the manufacturing process is 80-100A, the pulse width is 4.0-6.0ms, the frequency is 6-8Hz, and the welding time is 1-5s.

Further, as shown in fig. 3, the developing spring 14 is disposed near the distal end of the guide wire, and has a developing function, and can cover the whole portion of the safety net 11, preferably, the developing spring 14 is made of at least one of platinum tungsten alloy, platinum nickel alloy, platinum iridium alloy, gold or other suitable materials, the developing spring 14 has a good developing performance, the visibility of the guide wire under the X-ray is enhanced, and the success rate of the operation is increased. The stainless steel spring 15 here covers the other parts of the core wire 10 than the part of the safety net 11.

In addition, the developing spring 14 or the stainless steel spring 15 is wound by a spring machine, for example, a spiral structure formed by winding metal wires side by a special spring machine, preferably, the wire winding diameter of the spring is set to be 0.001-0.004, the rotating speed of the spring machine for manufacturing the spring is about 1-10n/s, the pitch is 0.01-0.05mm, and the total length of the spring ring sheath is 10-30cm.

In addition, 1-3 development marks may be provided at the proximal end of the coil sheath, said development marks being used to indicate, for example, the position of the coil sheath.

As described above, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the safety net 11 is sleeved on the head end of the core wire 10 and is connected to the head end of the core wire 10, and in another embodiment, both ends of the safety net 11 are connected and fixed to the head end of the core wire 10, where the safety net 11 is made of metal wire into a hollow cylinder shape by braiding or metal pipe cutting.

Furthermore, since the core wire 10, the safety net 11 and the sheath 12 are coaxially disposed and connected to each other, the core wire 10 can directly reach the head end of the guide wire, and the safety net 11 is sleeved on the head end, thus increasing the head end cross-sectional area of the guide wire.

Thus, the safety net 11 is arranged at the head end of the guide wire, the cross-sectional area of the head end of the guide wire can be increased, the breaking force of the guide wire is improved, the diameter of the tip end of the core wire 10 is reduced, the head end of the guide wire is kept to be flexible, the integral strength of the guide wire is enhanced, the shape of the safety net 11 is overlapped in a crossed mode, the safety net 11 is flexible in the radial direction, and has high breaking force in the axial direction, so that the breaking and falling-off resistance of the head end of the guide wire can be enhanced, the safety of the head end is guaranteed, and the reliability is improved.

When the safety net 11 is installed on the guide wire, the safety net 11 can be connected to any position on the head end of the guide wire according to requirements, for example, as shown in fig. 1, the distal end of the safety net 11 and the head end of the core wire 10 are welded together in parallel.

In addition, the type, material, number of heads, size and location of the wires used in the safety net 11 may be tailored to the flexibility, safety, torque transfer, head end shaping capability, etc. of the guide wire. In the process of manufacturing the safety net, the safety net 11 may be woven with wires according to different mesh densities (PPI) or different sizes according to different hardness requirements of the head end of the guide wire, where the wires may be round wires or flat wires, for example, when the head end of the guide wire is required to be harder, the head number and the cross-sectional size of the wires of the safety net 11 may be increased.

Specifically, the number of the metal wire heads of the safety net 11 is preferably 6-20, the diameter of the metal round wires is 0.0005-0.002, and the size of the metal flat wires is 0.0005-0.002; furthermore, the longitudinal length of the safety net 11 ranges from 10 to 50mm.

In a specific embodiment, the safety net 11 is formed by braiding at least 6 wires, the diameter of each wire is very small, which may be about 1/4 of the diameter of the core wire 10 of the head end and is hollow and cylindrical, so that the safety net 11 in the radial direction is very soft, the head end of the guide wire can be kept to be relatively soft through the safety net 11, and meanwhile, the safety net has relatively high breaking force in the axial direction, so that the risk of breaking or falling off of the guide wire can be effectively avoided, and the safety of the head end is ensured.

Considering that if the safety net 11 is not provided at the head end of the guide wire but only the core wire 10 is provided, but the head end diameter of the core wire 10 is set very small, the head end of the guide wire can have good flexibility, but since the core wire 10 at the head end is very thin, it is easily broken, and the risk of breakage or falling off of the guide wire easily occurs at the time of clinical use. However, when the diameter of the core wire 10 at the end of the guide wire is increased, the strength of the guide wire can be enhanced, and the risk of breakage or falling of the guide wire is avoided, but at the same time, the hardness of the end of the guide wire is increased, the softness of the end cannot be maintained, and the risk of perforation of blood vessels and the like due to the hardness of the end of the guide wire is caused during clinical use.

Further, since the core wire 10, the safety net 11 and the sheath 12 at the end of the guide wire are connected together, in consideration of circumferential rotation stability of the safety net 11, if the guide wire with the safety net 11 is placed in a twisted blood vessel, when the proximal end of the guide wire is rotated, torque feedback of 1:1 or more will be generated at the distal end of the guide wire 1, torque/torque loss of the guide wire is reduced, and jump (tail flick) of the end of the guide wire at the time of torque transmission is eliminated.

Further, the hydrophilic coating 13 is coated on a part or all of the surface of the guide wire, wherein the hydrophilic coating 13 is made of at least one of a polyvinylpyrrolidone coating, a polyethylene oxide coating, a transparent acrylate coating or a polymethyl vinyl ether-maleic anhydride coating, and the hydrophilic coating 13 provides the guide wire with very good lubricity and tracking performance, thereby reducing the passing resistance of the guide wire in a blood vessel and facilitating pushing of the guide wire in the blood vessel.

Here, the softness test is performed on the tip of the guide wire having the safety net 11, as shown in fig. 6, the guide wire is pushed by 10mm of the tip of the guide wire perpendicular to a balance, and the force applied to the guide wire by bending is the tip softness, and the larger the force value is, the harder the guide wire is, and vice versa. Fig. 7 is a graph showing the results of the softness and breaking force test of the head end of the guide wire with/without the safety net, and as can be seen from fig. 7, when the guide wire is provided with no safety net 11, the soft head end of the guide wire is obtained (0.6 g), the breaking force is small (4N), the risk of breaking or falling off the guide wire easily occurs in clinical use, and when the high breaking force is obtained (7N), the head end of the guide wire cannot simultaneously maintain softness (1.5 g), and the risk of vascular perforation and the like easily occurs in clinical use due to the hard head end of the guide wire; when the safety net 11 is arranged at the head end of the guide wire, the guide wire can obtain a soft head end (0.6 g, and the softness of the head end of the comparison is about 0.6 g) and can keep high breaking force (9N, and the breaking force of the comparison guide wire is about 7N); in this way, by extending the core wire 10 to the most distal end of the guide wire head end and connecting the safety net 11 and the sheath 12 together, the torque/moment loss of the guide wire can be reduced, thereby achieving excellent torque controllability.

As shown in fig. 8, fig. 8 shows a schematic structural diagram of a guide wire according to a second embodiment of the present disclosure, where the difference between the second embodiment and the first embodiment is that in the first embodiment, the guide wire is in a linear shape, and in the second embodiment, the head end of the guide wire 2 is in a certain pre-bent shape, so as to adapt to different clinical lesion requirements.

According to the embodiment of the disclosure, the problem of safety of the end of the guide wire is solved, the end of the guide wire is kept soft and simultaneously has higher breaking force, and meanwhile, excellent torsion control performance and deformation resistance are achieved, and particularly, the requirement of the end softness, the higher breaking force and the excellent torsion control performance are achieved, wherein the end is easy to shape for many times and has good shaping maintaining force, and the hydrophilic coating on the surface enables the guide wire to have good lubricity and tracking performance, so that the comprehensive performance of the guide wire can be comprehensively improved.

Moreover, although operations are depicted in a particular order, this should not be understood as requiring that such operations be performed in the particular order shown or in sequential order. In certain circumstances, multitasking and parallel processing may be advantageous. Likewise, while several specific implementation details are included in the above discussion, these should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present disclosure. Certain features that are described in the context of separate embodiments can also be implemented in combination in a single embodiment. Conversely, various features that are described in the context of a single embodiment can also be implemented in multiple embodiments separately or in any suitable subcombination.

Although the subject matter has been described in language specific to structural features and/or methodological acts, it is to be understood that the subject matter defined in the appended claims is not necessarily limited to the specific features or acts described above. Rather, the specific features and acts described above are example forms of implementing the claims.

While various embodiments of the present disclosure have been described in detail, the present disclosure is not limited to these specific embodiments, and various modifications and embodiments can be made by those skilled in the art on the basis of the concepts of the present disclosure, which modifications and modifications should fall within the scope of the claims of the present disclosure.

Claims (9)

1. The utility model provides a guide wire, its includes the core silk, the core silk is located the inlayer of guide wire and follow the proximal end of guide wire extends to the head end of guide wire the outside of core silk sets up the sheath, its characterized in that set up the safety net between core silk with the sheath, the core silk the safety net with the coaxial setting of sheath, the safety net sets up on the head end of core silk and with the head end of core silk is connected, the sheath covers at least the part of safety net, the core silk includes distal end core silk and proximal end core silk, distal end core silk and proximal end core silk pass through resistance welding and/or bonding mode and connect the outside of distal end core silk and proximal end core silk junction portion sets up the metal pipe.

2. The guidewire of claim 1, wherein the tip of the core wire is any one of conical, parabolic, and streamlined.

3. The guidewire of claim 1, wherein the diameter of the core wire gradually decreases from the distal end to the head end.

4. The guidewire of claim 1, wherein the safety mesh is made by braiding wires, either round wire or flat wire, into different mesh densities or different sizes.

5. The guidewire of claim 1, wherein the sheath is a spring coil sheath, a polymer sheath, or a combination thereof.

6. The guidewire of claim 5, wherein the sheath is a spring loop sheath formed by connecting a developing spring and a stainless steel spring, the developing spring covering a portion of the safety mesh and the stainless steel spring covering a portion of the core wire other than the safety mesh portion.

7. The guidewire of claim 1, wherein a hydrophilic coating is disposed on an outer surface of the sheath.

8. The guidewire of claim 1, wherein the metal tube is connected to the distal core wire and the proximal core wire by an adhesive.

9. The guidewire of claim 8, wherein the proximal core wire has a stiffness greater than the distal core wire.