CN219610748U - Antenna - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of communication related to antenna equipment, and provides an antenna, which comprises an antenna body arranged on a substrate, wherein the antenna body comprises two groups of antenna arrays, a terminal and a feeder line, two groups of antenna arrays are respectively arranged at two ends of the terminal, the bottom end of the terminal is connected with the feeder line, each group of antenna arrays comprises a horizontal section and a vertical section, and the vertical section is perpendicular to the horizontal section.

Description

Antenna

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of communication related to antenna equipment, and particularly relates to an antenna.

Background

An antenna is a transducer that converts a traveling wave propagating on a transmission line into an electromagnetic wave propagating in an unbounded medium, or vice versa, a component used in a radio to transmit or receive electromagnetic waves. The common antennas are reversible, i.e. the same antenna pair can be used as both a transmitting antenna and a receiving antenna, and the same antenna is the same as the basic characteristic parameters of transmission or reception.

The existing commonly used quarter-wavelength antenna, such as a yagi antenna, is active, has strong directivity, but has weak transmitting field intensity without being on a main lobe, has good vertical antenna far field effect and poor near field effect, and the horizontal antenna is opposite to the vertical antenna, one is vertical polarization, the other is horizontal polarization, the propagation characteristics are different, and various antennas have advantages and disadvantages, so that the advantages of the antennas cannot be concentrated in one antenna.

Disclosure of Invention

The present utility model provides an antenna for solving the above-mentioned problems in the prior art.

The embodiment of the utility model provides an antenna, which comprises an antenna body arranged on a substrate, wherein the antenna body comprises two groups of antenna arrays, a terminal and a feeder line, two groups of antenna arrays are respectively arranged at two ends of the terminal, the bottom end of the terminal is connected with the feeder line, each group of antenna arrays comprises a horizontal section and a vertical section, and the vertical section is perpendicular to the horizontal section.

In the technical scheme, the radiation field intensity of the antenna is divided into two parts, namely a horizontal section part, a horizontal polarization waveform is generated, a vertical section part generates a hammer polarization waveform, the two electromagnetic wave near fields are mixed together in space but do not affect each other, because the magnetic force lines of the two electromagnetic wave near fields are always in a vertical state, 4 main lobe directions and 8 side lobe directions exist in the far field, and strong field intensity radiation is generated in 12 directions in space, so that the unidirectional property of the yagi antenna is overcome, and the dual advantages of vertical polarization and horizontal polarization of the antenna are realized.

Further, the length of the horizontal section accounts for 0.2-0.3 wavelength of the working wavelength, and the length of the vertical section is greater than 0.4 wavelength.

Further, the two groups of antenna elements are symmetrically arranged based on the terminal.

Further, the interval between the two groups of antenna arrays is set to be adjustable.

In the above technical scheme, the interval length between the two groups of antenna arrays can be set according to actual needs to be 0.1-0.2 wavelength, which is related to the actual working frequency.

In summary, the antenna provided by the utility model has a simple structure, and by arranging the symmetrically distributed antenna elements, the superposition of electric waves is stronger, the gain is higher, and the antenna elements are provided with vertical sections, so that two common-mode voltages with identical voltages and phases can be generated for electric waves coming from the vertical direction, the voltage is zero, and the suppression of low-frequency and industrial interference is realized.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

fig. 2 is a lobe diagram of an antenna according to an embodiment of the utility model;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna according to another embodiment of the present utility model.

The name corresponding to the reference numerals in the drawings is 101, an antenna array; 102. a terminal; 103. a feed line; 104. a horizontal section; 105. a vertical section.

Detailed Description

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the present utility model will be briefly described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and the description of the embodiments or the prior art, and it is obvious that the following description of the structure of the drawings is only some embodiments of the present utility model, and other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort to a person skilled in the art. It should be noted that the description of these examples is for aiding in understanding the present utility model, but is not intended to limit the present utility model.

The utility model is further described below with reference to fig. 1 to 3.

Example 1:

referring to fig. 1, this embodiment provides an antenna, including an antenna body mounted on a substrate, where the antenna body includes two groups of antenna arrays 101, a terminal 102 and a feeder 103, two groups of antenna arrays 101 are respectively disposed at two ends of the terminal 102, the bottom end of the terminal 102 is connected with the feeder 103, each group of antenna arrays 101 includes a horizontal segment 104 and a vertical segment 105, and the vertical segment 105 is perpendicular to the horizontal segment 104.

In the above embodiment, the antenna elements 101 are respectively arranged at the feed points at two ends of the terminal 102, so that the two groups of antenna elements 101 are kept symmetrical based on the terminal 102, and the vertical sections 105 of the antenna elements 101 are vertically arranged on the horizontal sections 104 to form two active elements, namely, the two active elements are active and mutually reflective, so that the electric wave superposition is stronger and the gain is higher, and due to the arrangement of the vertical sections, two common mode voltages with identical voltages and phases can be generated for the electric wave coming from the vertical direction, the voltage is zero, and the voltage is the suppression of low-frequency and industrial interference and can be effectively used for testing the electric wave direction.

In the above technical solution, the radiation field intensity of the antenna is divided into two parts, one is a horizontal segment part, a horizontal polarization waveform is generated, the vertical segment part generates a hammer polarization waveform, the two electromagnetic wave near fields are mixed together in space but do not affect each other, because their magnetic force lines are always in a vertical state, the far field has 4 main lobe directions and 8 side lobe directions, as shown in fig. 2, 12 directions generate strong field intensity radiation in space, overcomes the unidirectional property of the yagi antenna, has the dual advantages of vertical polarization and horizontal polarization, the lobe pattern in fig. 2 is measured based on the earth horizontal direction, and the multiple array on both sides of the lobe pattern of the vertical antenna is the result of mutual reflection.

Example 2:

as shown in fig. 1, this embodiment provides an antenna, including the antenna body of installing on the base plate, the antenna body includes two sets of antenna array 101, terminal 102 and feeder 103, the both ends of terminal 102 set up respectively two sets of antenna array 101, two sets of antenna array 101 are based on terminal 102 is symmetrical setting, and two sets of interval between the antenna array 101 sets up to be adjustable, the bottom of terminal 102 is connected with feeder 103, every set of antenna array 101 includes horizontal segment 104 and vertical segment 105, vertical segment 105 is perpendicular to horizontal segment 104, horizontal segment 104 accounts for vertical segment 105's half, and interval length between two sets of antenna array 101 can set up according to actual need, is 0.1 ~ 0.2 wavelength, is related to actual operating frequency.

The gain of the antenna is larger than that of an equal array yagi antenna, for example, a vertical section is set as shown in fig. 1, the left side of the vertical section 105 is 105a, the right side of the vertical section is 105b, assuming that electromagnetic waves propagate from 105a to 105b through space and loss is 50%,105a current=ib, 105b, the horizontal section 104 is a constant and is not analyzed here, the change of the antenna during operation can be divided into 3 cases, namely, the wavelength of the operating frequency is exactly matched with the distance of 2 vertical sections, namely, 0.2 wavelength-0.3 wavelength, the current of the electromagnetic waves is reduced by 50% from 105a to 105b, the phase is just inverted, the initial state is set to be ia=1, ib= -1, ib= -1+ (-0.5) = -1.5, when the first reflection starts ia=1+0.75, the yagi is analyzed according to the same method, the setting 105a is original emission, 105b is not original reflection, the initial state is measured, ia=1+0.75, ib=0.25+0.25 for the first transmission,

from the above analysis, the gain of the antenna in the present utility model is greater than that of the yagi antenna.

The second case occurs at a frequency greater than the first case, at which time the phase propagating to 105b for the first time is not guaranteed to be exactly opposite, and the gain is reduced.

The third case is that the frequency is lower than the working frequency of the first case, the phase of the first transmission to 105b is not just opposite, the gain can not be maximized at this time, when the frequency is far lower than the working frequency, such as the industrial interference frequency, most of the energy is concentrated at the bottom frequency, the phase of the transmission from 105a to 105b is almost unchanged, namely, the common-mode voltage is generated at 105a and 105b, so that the suppression capability of the antenna of the utility model on industrial interference is very strong.

The antenna of the present utility model can operate in multiple frequency bands by adding several vertical bands as shown in fig. 3, so the antenna of the present utility model has all the characteristics of the current popular antenna, such as yagi, spider web, and not the characteristics of vertical and horizontal antennas.

In the practical use process, the antenna of the utility model can be actually installed in various forms, the vertical section of the embodiment is installed upwards or downwards, or the vertical section and the horizontal section are horizontal, and the inclined-pulling vertical section part can be used, so that good effects can be obtained.

In the above embodiments, each group of the antenna elements is made of metal, and the substrate is fiber

The utility model provides an antenna, which has a simple structure, and is characterized in that the antenna array is symmetrically distributed, so that the superposition of electric waves is stronger, the gain is higher, and the antenna array is provided with a vertical section, so that two common-mode voltages with identical voltages and phases can be generated for electric waves coming from the vertical direction, the voltage is zero, the suppression of low-frequency and industrial interference is realized, and the popularization and the use are convenient.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present utility model, and not for limiting the same; although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the utility model.

Claims (4)

1. The utility model provides an antenna, includes the antenna body of installing on the base plate, its characterized in that, the antenna body includes two sets of antenna array, terminal and feeder, the both ends of terminal set up two sets of respectively the antenna array, the bottom of terminal is connected with the feeder, every group the antenna array includes horizontal segment and vertical section, vertical section perpendicular to the horizontal segment.

2. The antenna of claim 1, wherein the length of the horizontal segment is between 0.2 and 0.3 wavelength of the operating wavelength, and the length of the vertical segment is greater than 0.4 wavelength.

3. The antenna of claim 1, wherein two sets of the antenna elements are symmetrically arranged based on the terminal.

4. The antenna of claim 1, wherein a spacing between two sets of the antenna elements is set to be adjustable.