CN219609172U - Self-discharge detection system for lithium ion battery - Google Patents
Self-discharge detection system for lithium ion battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN219609172U CN219609172U CN202320024759.8U CN202320024759U CN219609172U CN 219609172 U CN219609172 U CN 219609172U CN 202320024759 U CN202320024759 U CN 202320024759U CN 219609172 U CN219609172 U CN 219609172U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a self-discharge detection system for a lithium ion battery, which comprises a battery detection frame, an emptying circuit, a first charging circuit, a second charging circuit, a sampling circuit and a detection result output device. The battery detection frame is used for placing lithium ion batteries of the pre-assembled battery pack, and the discharging circuit is used for simultaneously discharging the batteries placed in the battery detection frame to a first voltage value OCV respectively 1 . The first and second charging circuits are used for charging the batteryTwice to charge the battery to the second voltage value OCV 2 . The sampling circuit is used for acquiring a first sampling time T o Open circuit voltage curve for each cell within a segment. The test result output device is used for judging unqualified batteries according to the slope K of the open circuit voltage curve of each battery. And whether the self-discharge parameters of all the batteries in the battery pack are consistent or not is judged through the change rate of the open circuit voltage drop, so that the batteries in the battery pack are detected more simply, quickly and accurately.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of lithium ion batteries, in particular to a self-discharge detection system for a lithium ion battery.
Background
Lithium ion batteries are widely used in various fields with their excellent performance. The self-discharge size of the lithium ion battery is an important index parameter of the battery performance. The battery self-discharge may cause a capacity decrease during storage, and the metal impurity type self-discharge may endanger the battery safety. Particularly, with respect to the battery pack, if the SOC difference between the batteries increases due to self-discharge, the capacity and life of the battery pack are greatly affected and overcharge and overdischarge of the battery are easily caused. Therefore, how to screen out the battery with abnormal self-discharge is very important, which is helpful to improve the overall level of our battery pack, obtain higher service life and reduce the reject ratio of the product.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model mainly solves the technical problem of how to detect the consistency of the self-discharge parameters of each lithium ion battery in the battery pack.
According to a first aspect, there is provided in one embodiment a self-discharge detection system for a lithium ion battery, comprising:
the battery detection frame comprises at least two battery placement units, wherein each battery placement unit is used for placing one lithium ion battery of the pre-assembled battery pack; each battery placing unit is provided with a battery positive connecting end and a battery negative connecting end which are used for being connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the lithium ion battery respectively;
the discharging circuit is respectively connected with each battery placing unit of the battery detection frame and is used for simultaneously discharging the lithium ion battery placed in the battery placing unit to a first voltage value OCV 1 ；
A first charging circuit connected with each battery placing unit of the battery detection frame respectively for passing through a first constant current source I 1 Respectively charging each lithium ion battery for the first time, and charging each lithium ion battery to a second voltage value OCV 2 Stopping the first charging;
the second charging circuit is respectively connected with each battery placing unit of the battery detection frame and is used for standing for a first preset time T when the first charging is finished and each lithium ion battery is kept stand 1 After that, through a second constant current source I 2 Respectively charging each lithium ion battery for the second time, and charging each lithium ion battery to a second voltage value OCV 2 Stopping the second charging and keeping the cut-off current of each lithium ion battery to be 0mA;
the sampling circuit is respectively connected with each battery placing unit of the battery detection frame and is used for sampling the open-circuit voltage of each lithium ion battery after stopping the second charging so as to obtain a first sampling time T o An open circuit voltage curve for each of the lithium ion cells within a segment;
and the test result output device is connected with the sampling circuit and is used for acquiring an open-circuit voltage curve slope K corresponding to the lithium ion batteries according to the open-circuit voltage curve of each lithium ion battery, and judging that the lithium ion battery corresponding to the open-circuit voltage curve slope K does not meet the requirement of the assembled battery pack when the open-circuit voltage curve slope K is not greater than a first preset threshold value, and calibrating the lithium ion battery as a disqualified battery.
In one embodiment, the inspection result output device comprises a display unit; the display unit is used for displaying a self-discharge detection table; the self-discharge detection table is used for recording the value and detection result of the slope K of the open-circuit voltage curve of each lithium ion battery; and the detection result is qualified or unqualified.
In one embodiment, the test result output device includes a storage unit; the storage unit is used for storing a self-discharge detection table.
In one embodiment, the first preset threshold is K 0 +3σ, where K 0 The average value of the slope K of the open circuit voltage curve of each lithium ion battery is shown as sigma, and the standard deviation of the slope K of the open circuit voltage curve of each lithium ion battery is shown as sigma.
In one embodiment, the first constant current source I 1 Is larger than the second constant current source I 2 。
In one embodiment, the first constant current source I 1 The value range of (C) is [0.2C,0.5C]Wherein C is the capacity of the lithium ion battery.
In one embodiment, the second constant current source I 2 The range of the value of (1 mA,3 mA)]。
In one embodiment, when the battery cell of the lithium ion battery is made of a ternary material, the first voltage value OCV is set 1 Setting the second voltage value OCV to 2.5V 2 3.65V.
In one embodiment, when the lithium ion battery is made of lithium iron phosphate material, the first voltage value OCV is set 1 Setting the second voltage value OCV to 2.0V 2 Is 3.2V.
In an embodiment, the self-discharge detection system further includes a control processor, where the control processor is connected to the emptying circuit, the first charging circuit, the second charging circuit, the sampling circuit, and the test result output device, respectively, and is used for controlling a process of the self-discharge detection system.
According to the self-discharge detection system of the embodiment, the self-discharge parameters of each lithium ion battery in the battery pack are judged to be consistent through the change rate of the open circuit voltage drop in unit time, so that the detection of the lithium ion batteries in the battery pack is simpler, faster and more accurate.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a self-discharge detection system according to an embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a self-discharge detection table according to an embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a process control flow of the self-discharge detection system according to one embodiment;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a comparison of self-open circuit voltage curves of a lithium ion battery according to an embodiment.
Detailed Description
The utility model will be described in further detail below with reference to the drawings by means of specific embodiments. Wherein like elements in different embodiments are numbered alike in association. In the following embodiments, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a better understanding of the present utility model. However, one skilled in the art will readily recognize that some of the features may be omitted, or replaced by other elements, materials, or methods in different situations. In some instances, related operations of the present utility model have not been shown or described in the specification in order to avoid obscuring the core portions of the present utility model, and may be unnecessary to persons skilled in the art from a detailed description of the related operations, which may be presented in the description and general knowledge of one skilled in the art.
Furthermore, the described features, operations, or characteristics of the description may be combined in any suitable manner in various embodiments. Also, various steps or acts in the method descriptions may be interchanged or modified in a manner apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. Thus, the various orders in the description and drawings are for clarity of description of only certain embodiments, and are not meant to be required orders unless otherwise indicated.
The numbering of the components itself, e.g. "first", "second", etc., is used herein merely to distinguish between the described objects and does not have any sequential or technical meaning. The term "coupled" as used herein includes both direct and indirect coupling (coupling), unless otherwise indicated.
When the battery with abnormal self-discharge is in a standing state or other states, the leakage current is larger than that of a normal battery, the voltage drop in unit time is quicker, and the capacity loss of the battery is larger. The reason for this is that a series of chemical reactions occur between the metal impurities remaining on the positive/negative electrode sheets of the battery and the positive/negative electrodes and the electrolyte, resulting in the consumption of the electrodes and the reduction of the battery power. The common detection method is to use a voltage drop method to stand the lithium ion battery for 10 days or 20 days, and detect the voltage drop amplitude of the lithium ion battery to reflect the self-discharge size of the battery, but the method has the defects of occupying space and consuming a large amount of time, and is not suitable for batch detection.
In the embodiment of the utility model, the self-discharge condition of the lithium ion battery is judged by acquiring the change rate of the open circuit voltage drop in unit time of the lithium ion battery in a static state after small current charge, so as to judge whether the self-discharge is consistent or not, and the self-discharge detection system is simple, quick and accurate to use.
Embodiment one:
referring to fig. 1, a schematic structure diagram of a self-discharge detection system for self-discharge detection of a lithium ion battery according to an embodiment is shown, and the self-discharge detection system includes a battery detection frame 10, a discharging circuit 20, a first charging circuit 30, a second charging circuit 40, a sampling circuit 50, and a test result output device 60. The battery detection rack 10 includes at least two battery placement units 11, each battery placement unit 11 for placing one lithium ion battery of the pre-assembled battery pack. Each battery placement unit 11 is provided with a battery positive connection terminal and a battery negative connection terminal for connection with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the lithium ion battery, respectively. The discharging circuit 20 is respectively connected with each battery placing unit 11 of the battery detection frame 10, and is used for simultaneously discharging the lithium ion battery placed in the battery placing unit 11 to a first voltage value OCV 1 . The first charging circuit 30 is connected to each battery placing unit 11 of the battery detection frame 10 for passing through the first constant current source I 1 For each ofThe lithium ion batteries are charged for the first time, and when each lithium ion battery is charged to the second voltage value OCV 2 The first charge is stopped. The second charging circuit 40 is respectively connected with each battery placement unit 11 of the battery detection frame 10 for standing for a first preset time T when the first charging is completed and each lithium ion battery is stationary 1 After that, through a second constant current source I 2 Respectively charging each lithium ion battery for the second time, and charging each lithium ion battery to the second voltage value OCV 2 The second charge was stopped and the current cut-off of each lithium ion battery was maintained at 0mA. The sampling circuit 50 is respectively connected to each battery placement unit 11 of the battery detection rack 10 for sampling the open circuit voltage of each lithium ion battery after stopping the second charging to obtain a first sampling time T o Open circuit voltage curve for each lithium ion cell in the segment. The test result output device 60 is connected to the sampling circuit 50, and is configured to obtain an open-circuit voltage curve slope K of each lithium ion battery according to the open-circuit voltage curve of the corresponding lithium ion battery, and when the open-circuit voltage curve slope K is not greater than a first preset threshold, determine that the lithium ion battery corresponding to the open-circuit voltage curve slope K does not meet the requirement of the assembled battery, and calibrate the lithium ion battery as an unqualified battery.
In one embodiment, the inspection result output device 60 includes a display unit 61, and the display unit 61 is used for displaying the self-discharge detection table. Referring to fig. 2, a schematic display diagram of a self-discharge detection table is shown in an embodiment, in which 20 lithium ion batteries with cells made of ternary materials are used to detect the 20 batteries, and the obtained detection data and detection result are failed in one self-discharge detection result in the group of batteries. The self-discharge detection table is used for recording the value of the slope K of the open-circuit voltage curve of each lithium ion battery and the detection result, and the detection result is qualified or unqualified. In one embodiment, the test result output device 60 includes a storage unit 62, and the storage unit 62 is used for storing a self-discharge detection table.
In one embodiment, the first predetermined threshold is K 0 +3σ, where K 0 For each lithium ion battery, sigma is the average value of the slope K of the open circuit voltage curveStandard deviation of the slope K of the open circuit voltage curve of the battery.
In one embodiment, a first constant current source I 1 Is larger than the second constant current source I 2 . In one embodiment, a first constant current source I 1 The value range of (C) is [0.2C,0.5C]Wherein C is the capacity of the lithium ion battery. In one embodiment, the second constant current source I 2 The range of the value of (1 mA,3 mA)]. In one embodiment, when the battery cell of the lithium ion battery is made of a ternary material, the first voltage value OCV is set 1 Setting the second voltage value OCV to 2.5V 2 3.65V. In one embodiment, when the lithium ion battery is made of lithium iron phosphate material, the first voltage value OCV is set 1 Setting the second voltage value OCV to 2.0V 2 Is 3.2V.
In one embodiment, the self-discharge detection system further includes a control processor 70, where the control processor 70 is connected to the emptying circuit 20, the first charging circuit 30, the second charging circuit 40, the sampling circuit 50, and the test result output device 60, respectively, for controlling the process of the self-discharge detection system.
The process control flow of the self-discharge detection system is described below by way of a specific embodiment.
Referring to fig. 3, a process control flow diagram of a self-discharge detection system according to an embodiment includes:
step 101, the battery is discharged.
Discharging each lithium ion battery for assembling the battery pack to a first voltage value OCV 1 . In one embodiment, the ambient temperature for self-discharge detection of the lithium ion battery is set to be between 22 ℃ and 28 ℃.
Step 102, first charging.
Through a first constant current source I 1 Charging each lithium ion battery for the first time respectively, and charging each lithium ion battery to the second voltage value OCV 2 The first charge is stopped. First constant current source I 1 The setting of the value takes into consideration that the charging speed cannot be too slow, so that the current cannot be too small, and the influence of battery polarization caused by charging cannot be considered, so that the current cannot be too large. In one embodiment, the rangeIs [0.2C,0.5C]Wherein C is the capacity of the lithium ion battery, of course the first constant current source I 1 The values of (3) are preferably applicable current values of 0.2C, 0.3C, 0.5C, etc.
The voltage setting for discharging and charging the lithium ion battery is different according to different battery types, and the battery capacity is divided in the actual production, so that the electric quantity of the battery is required to be discharged, and the self-discharge detection of the battery can be completed in the process of charging the lithium ion battery to a certain voltage before shipment after the battery capacity dividing process, thereby saving the time and energy consumption for battery shipment. In one embodiment, when the battery cell of the lithium ion battery is made of a ternary material, the first voltage value OCV is set 1 Setting the second voltage value OCV to 2.5V 2 3.65V. When the lithium ion battery is made of lithium iron phosphate material, the first voltage value OCV is set 1 Setting the second voltage value OCV to 2.0V 2 Is 3.2V.
In one embodiment, each lithium ion battery is kept stand for a second preset time T after the battery is discharged 2 And then charging for the first time to empty the lithium ion battery, standing and cooling. In one embodiment, the second preset time T 2 The value of (2) is within the range of not less than 10 minutes and not more than 30 minutes.
And step 103, primary charging, standing and cooling.
After the first charge, each lithium ion battery is kept stand for a first preset time T 1 To charge the lithium ion battery for the first time, stand still and cool down. In one embodiment, a first predetermined time T 1 The value of (2) is within the range of not less than 10 minutes and not more than 30 minutes.
Step 104, charging for the second time.
After primary charging, standing and cooling, the primary charging is performed by a second constant current source I 2 Respectively charging each lithium ion battery for the second time, and charging each lithium ion battery to the second voltage value OCV 2 The second charge was stopped and the current cut-off of each lithium ion battery was maintained at 0mA. Wherein the first constant current source I 1 Is larger than the second constant current source I 2 . In one embodiment, the second constant current source I 2 The range of the value of (1 mA,3 mA)]. The embodiment of the utility model is provided withA fixed second constant current source I 2 The range of the value is a proper voltage value obtained after a series of experiments of different voltages, and it should be noted that the accuracy of the self-discharge result is affected when other voltages are selected. In one embodiment, the second constant current source I 2 The value of (2) is preferably 1mA, and the small current is selected to enable the lithium ion battery to be influenced by the polarization of charging as little as possible, so that the accuracy of a self-discharge result is facilitated.
Step 105, open circuit voltage sampling is performed.
Sampling the open circuit voltage of each lithium ion battery after stopping the second charging to obtain a first sampling time T o Open circuit voltage curve for each lithium ion cell in the segment. In one embodiment, a first sampling time T o The range of the value of (2) is not less than 2 hours and not more than 6 hours. For a longer period of time, in order to sufficiently reduce the voltage of the battery so as to make the detection result more accurate, in one embodiment, the first sampling time T o Preferably 4 hours. In one embodiment, the sampling frequency at which the open circuit voltage is sampled is set to 1S.
And 106, acquiring the slope of the open circuit voltage curve.
And taking the curve slope K of the open-circuit voltage curve of each lithium ion battery as a judgment index of the battery self-discharge rate of the lithium ion battery.
Referring to fig. 4, a comparison diagram of a self-open circuit voltage curve of a lithium ion battery according to an embodiment is shown, wherein the voltage drop rate of a battery with acceptable self-discharge is much slower than that of a battery with unacceptable self-discharge, and finally, the self-discharge of the battery can be judged by judging the slope K value of the curve.
And step 107, judging that the battery is qualified.
When the curve slope K of the open-circuit voltage curve of the lithium ion battery is not larger than a first preset threshold value, judging that the lithium ion battery does not meet the requirement of the assembled battery, and calibrating the lithium ion battery as an unqualified battery, otherwise, judging that the lithium ion battery is qualified. The method for acquiring the first preset threshold value comprises the following steps:
first, the open-circuit voltage curve of each lithium ion battery in the battery pack is plottedAveraging the slope K to obtain a slope average value K 0 And standard deviation sigma of curve slope K; then the first preset threshold is set to k0+3σ.
Specifically, a plurality of cells are taken, the K value of each cell is calculated according to the method, and then the K average value K of the cells is obtained 0 And calculates the standard deviation sigma of the K value. When the voltage drop rate K of the lithium ion battery> K 0 When +3σ, judging that the lithium ion battery is unqualified in self-discharge, and when the voltage rebound change rate K of the lithium ion battery is less than or equal to K 0 And when +3σ, judging that the lithium ion battery is qualified in self-discharge.
It should be noted that the operating environment temperature of the self-discharge detection system is normal temperature, and in order to ensure that the battery temperature is not excessively high, the operating environment temperature value is preferably 25 ℃. Of course, the working environment temperature may be a suitable temperature such as 22 ℃, 23 ℃, 24 ℃, 26 ℃, 27 ℃, or 28 ℃ in addition to 25 ℃.
The utility model discloses a self-discharge detection system which comprises a battery detection frame, an emptying circuit, a first charging circuit, a second charging circuit, a sampling circuit and a detection result output device. The battery detection frame is used for placing lithium ion batteries of the pre-assembled battery pack, and the discharging circuit is used for simultaneously discharging the batteries placed in the battery detection frame to a first voltage value OCV respectively 1 . The first and second charging circuits are used for charging the battery twice to charge the battery to the second voltage value OCV 2 . The sampling circuit is used for acquiring a first sampling time T o Open circuit voltage curve for each cell within a segment. The test result output device is used for judging unqualified batteries according to the slope K of the open circuit voltage curve of each battery. And whether the self-discharge parameters of all the batteries in the battery pack are consistent or not is judged through the change rate of the open circuit voltage drop, so that the batteries in the battery pack are detected more simply, quickly and accurately.
It should be noted that all software and methods related to the embodiment of the present utility model are applied to the prior art, such as an open-circuit voltage curve of each lithium ion battery, an open-circuit voltage curve slope K, and an open-circuit voltage curve slope of each lithium ion batteryAverage value K of rate K 0 And a method for obtaining standard deviation sigma of slope K of open circuit voltage curve of each lithium ion battery. And how to construct and invoke the steps specifically may refer to the content of the relevant specification or patent document, the utility model is not protected, and the relevant principles are not explained in detail.
The foregoing description of the utility model has been presented for purposes of illustration and description, and is not intended to be limiting. Several simple deductions, modifications or substitutions may also be made by a person skilled in the art to which the utility model pertains, based on the idea of the utility model.
Claims (10)
1. A self-discharge detection system for a lithium ion battery, comprising:
the battery detection frame comprises at least two battery placement units, wherein each battery placement unit is used for placing one lithium ion battery of the pre-assembled battery pack; each battery placing unit is provided with a battery positive connecting end and a battery negative connecting end which are used for being connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the lithium ion battery respectively;
the discharging circuit is respectively connected with each battery placing unit of the battery detection frame and is used for simultaneously discharging the lithium ion battery placed in the battery placing unit to a first voltage value OCV 1 ；
A first charging circuit connected with each battery placing unit of the battery detection frame respectively for passing through a first constant current source I 1 Respectively charging each lithium ion battery for the first time, and charging each lithium ion battery to a second voltage value OCV 2 Stopping the first charging;
the second charging circuit is respectively connected with each battery placing unit of the battery detection frame and is used for standing for a first preset time T when the first charging is finished and each lithium ion battery is kept stand 1 After that, through a second constant current source I 2 Respectively charging each lithium ion battery for the second time, and charging each lithium ion battery to a second voltage value OCV 2 The second time of the charging is stopped at this time,and maintaining the cut-off current of each lithium ion battery at 0mA;
the sampling circuit is respectively connected with each battery placing unit of the battery detection frame and is used for sampling the open-circuit voltage of each lithium ion battery after stopping the second charging so as to obtain a first sampling time T o An open circuit voltage curve for each of the lithium ion cells within a segment;
and the test result output device is connected with the sampling circuit and is used for acquiring an open-circuit voltage curve slope K corresponding to the lithium ion batteries according to the open-circuit voltage curve of each lithium ion battery, and judging that the lithium ion battery corresponding to the open-circuit voltage curve slope K does not meet the requirement of the assembled battery pack when the open-circuit voltage curve slope K is not greater than a first preset threshold value, and calibrating the lithium ion battery as a disqualified battery.
2. The self-discharge detection system of claim 1, wherein the inspection result output means includes a display unit; the display unit is used for displaying a self-discharge detection table; the self-discharge detection table is used for recording the value and detection result of the slope K of the open-circuit voltage curve of each lithium ion battery; and the detection result is qualified or unqualified.
3. The self-discharge detection system of claim 2, wherein the test result output means includes a storage unit; the storage unit is used for storing a self-discharge detection table.
4. The self-discharge detection system of claim 1, wherein the first preset threshold is K 0 +3σ, where K 0 The average value of the slope K of the open circuit voltage curve of each lithium ion battery is shown as sigma, and the standard deviation of the slope K of the open circuit voltage curve of each lithium ion battery is shown as sigma.
5. The self-discharge detection system according to claim 4, wherein said first constant current source I 1 Is larger than the second constant current source I 2 。
6. The self-discharge detection system according to claim 5, wherein said first constant current source I 1 The value range of (C) is [0.2C,0.5C]Wherein C is the capacity of the lithium ion battery.
7. The self-discharge detection system according to claim 6, wherein said second constant current source I 2 The range of the value of (1 mA,3 mA)]。
8. The self-discharge detection system of claim 1, wherein when the cells of the lithium ion battery are made of a ternary material, a first voltage value OCV is set 1 Setting the second voltage value OCV to 2.5V 2 3.65V.
9. The self-discharge detection system of claim 1, wherein a first voltage value OCV is set when the lithium ion battery is made of lithium iron phosphate material 1 Setting the second voltage value OCV to 2.0V 2 Is 3.2V.
10. The self-discharge detection system of claim 1 further comprising a control processor coupled to the discharge circuit, the first charge circuit, the second charge circuit, the sampling circuit, and the test result output device, respectively, for process control of the self-discharge detection system.
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