CN219600896U - Battery pack locking device for vehicle and electric vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a locking device for a vehicle battery pack and an electric vehicle, wherein the locking device comprises a first locking mechanism and a second locking mechanism, one of the first locking mechanism and the second locking mechanism is arranged on the battery pack, the other of the first locking mechanism and the second locking mechanism is arranged on the electric vehicle body, the first locking mechanism is provided with a locking piece, and the second locking mechanism is used for sleeving the periphery of the first locking mechanism and driving the locking piece to be in stop fit with the second locking mechanism so as to lock the second locking mechanism on the first locking mechanism. The mode that first locking mechanism and second locking mechanism were established through the cover is realized locking, and first locking mechanism inserts inside the second locking mechanism along the axial of second locking mechanism, and when the second locking mechanism moved to the locking position, the locking piece of first locking mechanism formed the backstop with the second locking mechanism, restriction second locking mechanism's motion to realize the locking cooperation of first locking mechanism and second locking mechanism, lock battery package on electric vehicle.

Description

Battery pack locking device for vehicle and electric vehicle

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of electric vehicles, and particularly relates to a battery pack locking device for a vehicle and an electric vehicle.

Background

After the electric quantity of the battery pack of the electric automobile is exhausted, the battery pack can be replaced at the power exchange station to quickly supplement the electric quantity for the electric automobile, and the battery pack is required to be detached from the automobile body and replaced by the fully charged battery pack, so that the locking mechanism between the battery pack and the automobile body is very important, and not only can the reliable locking between the battery pack and the automobile body be ensured, but also the battery pack can be quickly separated from the automobile body.

In general, a battery pack is connected to an electric vehicle through a locking device. The locking device generally comprises a lock base and a lock shaft which are arranged correspondingly, the lock base is generally arranged on an electric automobile, one end of the lock shaft is arranged on the battery pack, and the other end of the lock shaft is inserted into the lock base and locked through the lock tongue so as to fix the battery pack. When unlocking, the lock connecting rod is jacked up through the unlocking ejector rod, so that the lock tongue is driven to swing upwards to separate from the lock groove, and the lock shaft on the battery pack can move in and out of the lock groove, so that unlocking is realized, and the battery pack is taken out and replaced.

However, the existing locking device has a complex structure and high machining and manufacturing precision requirements, so that the manufacturing cost of the locking device is increased. Moreover, the unlocking mode is complicated, and the positioning requirements on the unlocking ejector rod and the locking connecting rod in the unlocking process are high, so that the problem of unlocking failure frequently occurs in actual use, the power conversion efficiency is low, and the use experience is poor.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model provides a battery pack locking device for a vehicle and an electric vehicle, and aims to solve the problems that the existing battery pack locking device is complex in structure, complex in operation in the power conversion process and low in power conversion efficiency.

The technical scheme adopted by the utility model is as follows:

the utility model provides a vehicle battery package locking device, includes first locking mechanism and second locking mechanism, first locking mechanism with one of them sets up in the battery package, and another of them sets up in electric vehicle automobile body, first locking mechanism is provided with the locking piece, the second locking mechanism is used for the cover to establish the battery package

The periphery of the first locking mechanism drives the locking piece to be in stop fit with the second locking mechanism, so that the second locking mechanism is locked to the first locking mechanism through 5.

In this scheme, first locking mechanism with the mode that the second locking mechanism was established through the cover realizes locking, specifically, first locking mechanism follows the axial of second locking mechanism inserts inside the second locking mechanism, works as when the second locking mechanism removes to locking position, first locking mechanism the second locking mechanism is equipped with the second locking mechanism, the second locking mechanism is equipped with the second locking mechanism

The locking piece and the second locking mechanism form a stop, and the movement of the second locking mechanism is limited, so that the locking cooperation of the first locking mechanism and the second locking mechanism is realized, and the battery pack is locked on the electric vehicle.

The locking device of the utility model can set the first locking mechanism into a columnar structure, the second locking mechanism into a cylindrical structure, and the two mechanisms are matched through insertion to complete locking operation, and the locking device

The structure of the first locking mechanism is simpler, the processing and the manufacturing are more convenient, the manufacturing cost is further saved, and meanwhile, the locking modes of the first locking mechanism and the second locking mechanism are simple and quick, and the processing precision and the matching precision are required

The solution is low, the unlocking step is simplified, and the power conversion efficiency is improved.

Preferably, the second locking mechanism is capable of moving in a first direction to be in sleeved fit with the first locking mechanism, moving in a second direction to be separated from the first locking mechanism, and the locking piece is matched with the second locking mechanism to limit the second locking mechanism to move towards the second direction.

In the scheme 0, the second locking mechanism is sleeved with the first locking mechanism and moves to the locking position

After the battery pack is placed, the locking piece forms a stop facing the second direction on the second locking mechanism, so that the second locking mechanism is firmly limited on the first locking mechanism and cannot slip off from the first locking mechanism, the locking effect of the first locking mechanism and the second locking mechanism is improved, and the stability of the battery pack fixed on a vehicle is improved.

5 preferably, the first locking mechanism comprises a first locking body, the locking piece is arranged in the first locking body, the locking piece is provided with a stop part protruding out of the outer surface of the first locking body, and the stop part is used for being matched with the second locking mechanism in a stop mode.

In this scheme, the locking piece is fixed in inside the first locking body, just the stop part of locking piece stretches out to first locking body surface, make the stop part protrusion in the surface of first locking body, thereby the stop part can be right the second locking mechanism forms the backstop.

Preferably, the first locking body is provided with an opening from which the stopper portion protrudes, and the stopper portion is movable relative to the first locking body to switch between a locked state protruding from the opening and an unlocked state retracted into the first locking body.

In this scheme, the backstop portion can stretch out the opening or withdraw to switch between locking state with the unblock state, when the backstop portion stretches out the opening, the backstop portion is in locking state, at this moment the backstop portion can be right the second locking mechanism forms the backstop, makes second locking mechanism with first locking mechanism locking, when the backstop portion withdraws to inside the first locking body, the backstop portion is in the unblock state, at this moment the backstop portion loses to the restriction of second locking mechanism, the second locking mechanism can for first locking mechanism motion with first locking mechanism break away from, accomplish the dismantlement of battery package.

Preferably, the locking piece is provided with a telescopic mechanism for driving the stop part to perform telescopic movement.

In this scheme, the locking piece is realized through flexible mode the switching of two states of backstop portion, and the motion mode is simple reliable, practices thrift processing cost to easy operation is convenient, reduces the unblock degree of difficulty, helps improving unblock efficiency.

Preferably, the locking member is connected to the first locking body by a fixing member.

In this scheme, the locking piece passes through the mounting with first locking body fixed connection has improved the locking piece with the connection stability of first locking body makes the motion of locking piece is more reliable.

Preferably, the locking piece further comprises a matching part located inside the first locking body, the fixing piece is connected between the matching part and the stopping part, and the matching part drives the stopping part to swing around the fixing piece under the action of an external mechanism so as to retract inside the first locking mechanism.

In this scheme, the locking piece pass through between the cooperation portion with the backstop portion the mounting with first locking body is connected, makes the backstop portion can wind the mounting swing, with have stretch out to the outside locking state of first locking body, and withdraw to the inside unblock state of first locking body, the wobbling mode is simple reliable, still makes simultaneously to the operation of locking piece is more laborsaving, further reduces the unblock degree of difficulty.

Preferably, the locking piece is rotatably connected with the fixing piece, so that the stop part can rotate around the fixing piece; alternatively, the locking member is fixed to the fixing member, and the locking member is elastically deformable to swing the stopper portion around the fixing member.

In this scheme, the motion mode of locking piece has following two kinds, one is the locking piece with the mounting rotates to be connected, makes the locking piece can rotate around junction, thereby makes one end the backstop portion carries out the switching of locking and unlocking state. The other is that the locking piece is fixedly connected with the fixing piece, so that the locking piece can be regarded as a cantilever structure with one end fixed and the other end free, and the stop part is positioned at the free end, so that the stop part can elastically deform under the elastic action of the self material of the locking piece to swing around the connecting part, and the position switching of the stop part is realized.

Preferably, the fixing piece comprises a rotating shaft and a fixing seat, the locking piece is rotationally connected with the rotating shaft, and the fixing seat is fixedly connected with the first locking body.

In this scheme, the mounting includes two parts, the pivot be used for with the locking piece rotates to be connected, for the rotation of locking piece provides the support, the fixing base then be used for with first locking body links firmly, will the locking piece is fixed inside the first locking body to a multi-purpose, have simplified the inner structure of first locking body has practiced thrift the cost.

Preferably, the fixing base and the first locking body are respectively provided with a fixing hole, the first locking mechanism further comprises a fastener, and the fastener penetrates through the fixing holes to fixedly connect the first locking body with the fixing base.

In this scheme, pass through the fastener the fixed orifices realizes fastening connection, when reducing the connection degree of difficulty, improves assembly efficiency, the fixing base with the fixed orifices on the first locking body can also play the location effect, and the assembly personnel accessible will on the two the fixed orifices is aligned will the fixing base is installed to preset position, improves the installation accuracy.

Preferably, the fixing seat is provided with a matching cambered surface matched with the shape of the side wall of the first locking body, and the fixing hole is formed in the matching cambered surface and extends along the radial direction of the first locking body.

In this scheme, the cooperation cambered surface with the interior wall face shape adaptation of first locking body, thereby improved the fixing base with the laminating degree of first locking body, increase area of contact improves connection stability, has still reduced simultaneously fixed orifices on the fixing base with the location degree of difficulty of fixed orifices on the first locking body, and the degree of difficulty of penetrating of fastener.

Preferably, the fixing pieces are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the first locking body, the fixing seats are positioned on two sides of the rotating shaft, the fixing seats are arranged in a staggered mode with the locking pieces, and the fixing seats positioned on two sides of the locking pieces are connected through the rotating shaft.

In this scheme, through will the mounting with the locking piece dislocation set, when convenient assembly, still avoided the mounting with the locking piece takes place to interfere, influences the problem of locking piece motion.

Preferably, the first locking body is provided with a containing groove corresponding to the matching part, and the matching part can move in the containing groove when the locking piece rotates around the fixing piece.

In this scheme, when the locking piece is around the mounting rotates, the both ends of locking piece all can swing, the setting of storage tank is for the swing formation of cooperation portion is dodged, for it reserves sufficient motion space, makes it can swing in the storage tank.

Preferably, an elastic reset member is further disposed inside the first locking body, and the elastic reset member can apply a force to the locking member to switch the stop portion to the locking state.

In this scheme, the elastic reset piece is used for driving the resilience of locking piece is reset, and for the backstop portion provides certain holding power, makes it with the firm backstop of second locking mechanism, and when the unblock, the locking piece motion makes the backstop portion is retracted, at this moment the elastic reset piece is compressed, after the unblock is accomplished, the elastic reset piece promotes under self elasticity effect backstop portion resets to the locking state. In addition, after the second locking mechanism moves to the locking position, the stop part can also automatically pop up to complete locking under the pushing of the elastic reset piece, and no additional operation is needed by a user.

Preferably, the elastic restoring element has a contact surface for contacting the locking element, which extends in a curved manner, so that a partial region of the contact surface has a recess with the locking element.

In this scheme, when locking piece motion extrusion elastic return piece, the contact surface can take place to deform and be straightened because of receiving great extrusion force, dodge the clearance can be for the deformation of contact surface leaves the space, works as the contact surface is flattened the back, the contact surface is hugged closely locking piece, dodge the clearance disappearance, thereby prevent elastic return piece receives too big extrusion force and takes place to damage, improves life.

Preferably, the stop is provided with a stop plane, which is stopped by the second locking mechanism.

In this scheme, through planar structure with the cooperation of second locking mechanism backstop has increased the area of contact of both, improves backstop effect and stability, prevents the second locking mechanism with the slippage takes place for backstop portion, simultaneously, has still increased the area of force of backstop portion reduces the pressure, reduces the local atress of backstop portion is too big and deformation or damage's risk.

Preferably, the plurality of locking pieces are uniformly arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the first locking mechanism.

In this scheme, the locking piece can be in second locking mechanism circumference round provides even backstop power, improves to the backstop effect of second locking mechanism to alleviate single regional the atress of locking piece.

Preferably, an unlocking channel is further formed in the first locking body, the first locking mechanism further comprises an unlocking piece, and the unlocking piece stretches into the unlocking channel to drive the locking piece to be separated from the limitation of the second locking mechanism.

In this scheme, through will the unlocking piece certainly one side of first locking mechanism inserts in the unblock passageway, promote the locking piece motion loses to the backstop of second locking mechanism realizes the unblock, and the unblock mode is simple easy to operate reduces the unblock degree of difficulty, improves unblock efficiency.

Preferably, the first locking mechanism comprises a first locking body, the locking piece is arranged in the first locking body, the locking piece comprises a stop portion and a matching portion, the stop portion protrudes out of the outer surface of the first locking body, and the unlocking piece acts on the matching portion to drive the stop portion to move.

In this scheme, the unlocking piece stretches into in the unblock passageway, simultaneously the unlocking piece can be through promoting the cooperation portion drives the backstop portion motion makes backstop portion switch to the unblock state.

Preferably, at least a partial region of the mating portion is located in the unlocking passage, and the unlocking member can push against the mating portion to move the stopper portion.

In this scheme, the cooperation portion is located in the unblock passageway, the unblock mode of unblock piece is simple and convenient, only need with the unblock piece inserts the unblock passageway to inwards push, can be right the cooperation portion forms the trigger.

Preferably, the first locking mechanism further includes a reset member for applying a force to the unlocking member away from the locking member.

In this scheme, after the unblock is accomplished, reset piece is under self elasticity effect promotes the unblock piece retreats to the locking piece also moves the reset.

Preferably, the unlocking channel is provided with a first unlocking section and a second unlocking section, the inner diameter of the first unlocking section is larger than that of the second unlocking section, a step surface is arranged between the first unlocking section and the second unlocking section, one end of the resetting piece is propped against the step surface, and the other end of the resetting piece is propped against the unlocking piece.

In this scheme, first unblock section with step face between the second unblock section forms the installation position of piece that resets, the one end of piece that resets with step face looks butt, the other end with the unblock piece looks butt, and then has made things convenient for the installation of piece that resets.

Preferably, an avoidance groove is further formed in the first locking body, and the avoidance groove is communicated with the unlocking channel.

In this scheme, dodge the setting in groove, for the unlocking piece passes leave behind the unblock passageway and dodge the space, works as the unlocking piece drives after the locking piece makes its motion accomplish the unblock, the partial region of unlocking piece can get into dodge the inslot, consequently dodge the groove to the unlocking piece forms accomodates, prevents the unlocking piece with first locking body takes place to interfere.

Preferably, one end of the first locking mechanism or one end of the second locking mechanism is further provided with a floating limiting portion, and the locking piece and the floating limiting portion are respectively abutted to and limited by two ends of the second locking mechanism.

In this scheme, unsteady spacing portion with the locking piece supports from both sides the second locking mechanism, has improved the position stability of second locking mechanism prevents that the second locking mechanism from taking place to rock along the axial of first locking mechanism, and then has improved the fixed stability of battery package. Meanwhile, the floating limiting part and the locking piece can be matched with the second locking mechanisms with different lengths, and the adaptability of the first locking mechanism is improved.

Preferably, the floating limiting portion comprises a spring and a limiting retainer ring, and the limiting retainer ring is used for being in butt joint with the second locking mechanism.

In this scheme, the spring is for spacing retaining ring provides elasticity, makes the circlip can be followed the axial of first locking mechanism is floated, with the one end of second locking mechanism offsets, spacing retaining ring with the contact of second locking mechanism makes it is more stable that the spacing portion of floating with the contact of second locking mechanism.

Preferably, the outer surface of the end, provided with the locking piece, of the first locking mechanism is also provided with a guide inclined plane.

In this scheme, the setting of direction inclined plane can be in first locking mechanism with play the guide effect when the second locking mechanism is pegged graft, make things convenient for the location of two, guide the second locking mechanism cup joints the outside of first locking mechanism.

Preferably, the first locking mechanism is disposed on the vehicle body, the second locking mechanism is disposed on the battery pack, and the second locking mechanism penetrates through the battery pack, or the length of the second locking mechanism is smaller than the thickness of the battery pack.

In this scheme, can be according to the size of battery package, the difference of model design in a flexible way the length and the setting position of second locking mechanism make it run through the battery package or imbed inside the battery package, satisfy different needs.

The utility model also discloses an electric vehicle comprising the battery pack locking device for the vehicle.

In this scheme, vehicle and battery package accomplish the locking through above-mentioned locking means, locking means's simple structure, low in manufacturing cost, and then made things convenient for and do corresponding institutional advancement to vehicle and battery package, reduce transformation cost, simultaneously, first locking mechanism with the locking means of second locking mechanism is simple easy to operate for the cooperation location of battery package and vehicle is simpler convenient more, thereby helps improving the efficiency of changing electricity.

Preferably, the first locking mechanism or the second locking mechanism is transversely fixed on one side of the vehicle body, so that the first locking mechanism or the second locking mechanism transversely protrudes out of the vehicle body; alternatively, the first locking mechanism or the second locking mechanism is vertically fixed to the top or bottom of the vehicle body such that the first locking mechanism or the second locking mechanism protrudes vertically upward or downward from the vehicle body.

In this scheme, according to first locking mechanism or the mounted position of second locking mechanism on the vehicle, but the flexible selection is different trades electric operation. When the first locking mechanism or the second locking mechanism transversely protrudes out of the vehicle body, the first locking mechanism and the second locking mechanism can be matched through transversely moving the battery pack, the vehicle does not need to be lifted, and operation difficulty is reduced. When the first locking mechanism or the second locking mechanism vertically protrudes upwards or downwards from the vehicle body, the vehicle can support the battery pack below the battery pack or hoist the battery pack above the battery pack, and the mounting mode of the battery pack is correspondingly up-down mounting, so that the second locking mechanism is sleeved on the outer side of the first locking mechanism along the up-down direction.

The utility model has the positive progress effects that:

according to the locking device, the first locking mechanism can be arranged to be of a columnar structure, the second locking mechanism is arranged to be of a cylindrical structure, locking operation is completed through plug-in matching of the first locking mechanism and the second locking mechanism, the structure of the locking device is simpler, machining and manufacturing are more convenient, manufacturing cost is further saved, meanwhile, the locking modes of the first locking mechanism and the second locking mechanism are simple and quick, requirements on machining precision and matching precision are low, unlocking steps are simplified, and electricity exchanging efficiency is improved.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the utility model and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the utility model and together with the description serve to explain the utility model and do not constitute a limitation on the utility model. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a locking device according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the first locking mechanism of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the first locking mechanism of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of area A of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the engagement of the locking member and the fixing member according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a fixing member according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a floating retainer portion according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the second locking mechanism of FIG. 1;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a locking member according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of an elastic restoring member according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of an unlocking member according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a battery-powered vehicle according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

fig. 13 is an enlarged view of region B in fig. 12.

Wherein:

1 a first locking mechanism; 11 a first locking body; 111 opening; 112 receiving slots; 113 avoiding the groove; 12, fixing a flange; 13 unlocking the channel; 131 a first unlocking section; 132 a second unlocking section; 14 guiding inclined plane;

2 a second locking mechanism;

3, a locking piece; 31 stops; 311 stop plane; 32 mating parts;

4, a floating limiting part; a 41 spring; 42 limiting check rings;

5, fixing pieces; a 51 rotation shaft; 52 fixing seats; 521 fixing holes; 53 fasteners;

6 an elastic resetting piece; 61 contact surfaces; 62 avoiding gaps; 63 fixing sections; 64 mating segments;

7, unlocking the piece; 71 a reset member;

8 an electric vehicle; 81 battery packs.

Detailed Description

In order to more clearly illustrate the general inventive concept, a detailed description is given below by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present utility model, however, the present utility model may be practiced in other ways than those described herein, and therefore the scope of the present utility model is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

In addition, in the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that the terms "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as 5 limiting the present utility model.

In the present utility model, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; the device can be mechanically connected, electrically connected and communicated; may be

The connection can be direct or indirect through an intermediate medium, and can be the communication between the two elements or the interaction relationship between the two 0 elements. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present utility model is not limited to the above embodiments

The specific meaning of the above terms in the present utility model is understood.

In the present utility model, a first feature is "on" a second feature unless explicitly specified and defined otherwise "

Or "under" may be the direct contact of the first and second features, or the indirect contact of the first and second features via an intermediary

And (3) contact. In the description of the present specification, the description with reference to the terms "implementation," embodiment, "" one embodiment, "" 5 "example," or "particular example" etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present utility model. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

0 as shown in fig. 1 to 13, a battery pack locking device for a vehicle includes a first locking mechanism 1 and

the second locking mechanism 2, one of the first locking mechanism 1 and the second locking mechanism 2 is arranged on the battery pack 81, the other one of the first locking mechanism 1 and the second locking mechanism 2 is arranged on the body of the electric vehicle 8, the first locking mechanism 1 is provided with a locking piece 3, and the second locking mechanism 2 is used for sleeving the periphery of the first locking mechanism 1 and driving the locking piece 3 to be in stop fit with the second locking mechanism 2 so as to lock the second locking mechanism 2 on the first locking mechanism 1.

5 in one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, 2 and 8, the first locking mechanism 1 is a columnar structure,

the second lock mechanism 2 is of a cylindrical structure so that the second lock mechanism 2 can move in the axial direction of the first lock mechanism 1 to be engaged with the outside of the first lock mechanism 1 or disengaged from the first lock mechanism 1.

According to the locking device disclosed by the utility model, the locking operation is completed through the plug-in matching of the first locking mechanism 1 and the second locking mechanism 2, the structure of the locking device is simpler, the processing and the manufacturing are more convenient, the manufacturing cost is further saved, meanwhile, the locking modes of the first locking mechanism 1 and the second locking mechanism 2 are simple and quick, the requirements on the processing precision and the matching precision are lower, the unlocking step is simplified, and the power conversion efficiency is improved.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the second locking mechanism 2 can move in the first direction to be in socket-joint fit with the first locking mechanism 1, move in the second direction to be separated from the first locking mechanism 1, and the locking piece 3 is matched with the second locking mechanism 2 to limit the second locking mechanism 2 to move towards the second direction.

It will be appreciated that in the locking movements of the first locking mechanism 1 and the second locking mechanism 2, the second locking mechanism 2 is sleeved with the first locking mechanism 1 along the first direction, and when the second locking mechanism 2 moves to the locking position, the locking piece 3 of the first locking mechanism 1 forms a stop with the second locking mechanism 2 to limit the movement of the second locking mechanism 2 toward the second direction, thereby realizing the locking cooperation of the first locking mechanism 1 and the second locking mechanism 2 and locking the battery pack 81 on the electric vehicle 8.

Of course, the locking member 3 may form a stop at both ends of the second locking mechanism 2 when the second locking mechanism 2 reaches the locking position, so as to limit the movement of the second locking mechanism 2 in the first direction and the second direction, make the fixation of the second locking mechanism 2 more stable, and prevent the second locking mechanism 2 from moving along the axial direction of the first locking mechanism 1.

As a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, as shown in fig. 2, 3 and 4, the first locking mechanism 1 includes a first locking body 11, the locking member 3 is disposed in the first locking body 11, the locking member 3 has a stopper portion 31 protruding from an outer surface of the first locking body 11, and the stopper portion 31 is for stopper-engaging with the second locking mechanism 2.

The locking piece 3 is fixed inside the first locking body 11, and the stop portion 31 of the locking piece 3 extends out to the outer surface of the first locking body 11, so that the stop portion 31 protrudes out of the outer surface of the first locking body 11, and the stop portion 31 can form a stop for the second locking mechanism 2.

The assembly method of the locking member 3 and the first locking body 11 is not particularly limited, for example, the locking member 3 may be integrally formed with the first locking body 11, or may be separately formed with the first locking body 11, and the two may be fixedly connected to each other, so that the locking member 3 and the first locking body 11 may be manufactured separately, and the manufacturing difficulty may be reduced.

In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, the number of the locking pieces 3 is plural, and are arranged at uniform intervals in the circumferential direction of the first locking body 11.

In this embodiment, the locking member 3 can provide a uniform stopping force in a circle around the second locking mechanism 2, so as to improve the stopping effect on the second locking mechanism 2 and relieve the stress of the locking member 3 in a single area.

In other embodiments, the locking member 3 is in an annular structure, and the stop portion 31 is an annular retainer ring, so that the locking member forms full circumferential contact with the second locking mechanism 2, forms stable and uniform contact with one circumferential ring of the second locking mechanism 2, and improves locking stability.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 2, the first locking body 11 is provided with an opening 111 through which the stopper 31 protrudes, and the stopper 31 is movable with respect to the first locking body 11 to switch between a locked state protruding from the opening 111 and an unlocked state retracted into the inside of the first locking body 11.

The stopper portion 31 can be extended out of the opening 111 or retracted to switch between a locked state and an unlocked state, when the stopper portion 31 is extended out of the opening 111, the stopper portion 31 is in the locked state, at this time, the stopper portion 31 can form a stopper for the second locking mechanism 2 to lock the second locking mechanism 2 with the first locking mechanism 1, when the stopper portion 31 is retracted into the first locking body 11, the stopper portion 31 is in the unlocked state, at this time, the stopper portion 31 loses the restriction on the second locking mechanism 2, the second locking mechanism 2 can move relative to the first locking mechanism 1 to be disengaged from the first locking mechanism 1, and the disassembly of the battery pack 81 is completed.

In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, 3 and 4, the lock member 3 and the first lock body 11 are connected by the fixing member 5. Further, as shown in fig. 4, the locking member 3 further includes a mating portion 32 located inside the first locking body 11, the fixing member 5 is connected between the mating portion 32 and the stopping portion 31, and the mating portion 32 drives the stopping portion 31 to swing around the fixing member 5 under the action of an external mechanism so as to retract inside the first locking mechanism 1.

It should be noted that the movement mode of the stop portion 31 is not particularly limited in the present utility model, and in other embodiments, the locking member 3 is provided with a telescopic mechanism for driving the stop portion 31 to perform telescopic movement. The locking piece 3 realizes the switching of two states of the stop part 31 through a telescopic mode, the movement mode is simple and reliable, the processing cost is saved, the operation is simple and convenient, the unlocking difficulty is reduced, and the unlocking efficiency is improved. Specifically, the telescopic mechanism includes a spring disposed along a radial direction of the first locking body 11, so that the stopper 31 can be telescopic along the radial direction of the first locking body 11. At the time of unlocking, the stopper 31 can be retracted from the opening 111 by pressing the stopper 31 inward, and the spring is compressed, and when the second lock mechanism 2 is removed from the first lock mechanism 1, the stopper 31 is spring-extended out of the opening 111 by the spring.

In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the locking member 3 is rotatably connected to the fixing member 5 so that the stopper 31 can rotate around the fixing member 5, thereby switching between the locked and unlocked states of the stopper 31 at one end.

The manner of swinging the stopper 31 is not particularly limited, and as another specific example, the lock member 3 is fixed to the fixing member 5, and the lock member 3 can be elastically deformed to swing the stopper 31 around the fixing member 5. The locking piece 3 is fixedly connected with the fixing piece 5, so that the locking piece 3 can be regarded as a cantilever structure with one end fixed and the other end free, and the stop part 31 is positioned at one free end, so that the stop part 31 can elastically deform under the elastic action of the self material of the locking piece 3 to swing around the connecting part, and the position switching of the stop part 31 is realized. In this example, the locking element 3 is preferably made of a material having a certain elastic deformation property, so that the stop 31 can swing reliably, reducing the risk of breakage of the locking element 3.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 5 and 6, the fixing member 5 includes a rotating shaft 51 and a fixing base 52, the locking member 3 is rotationally connected with the rotating shaft 51, and the fixing base 52 is fixedly connected with the first locking body 11.

The fixing piece 5 comprises two parts, the rotating shaft 51 is used for being rotationally connected with the locking piece 3 to provide support for the rotation of the locking piece 3, the fixing seat 52 is used for being fixedly connected with the first locking body 11 to fix the locking piece 3 inside the first locking body 11, so that the multifunctional locking piece is multipurpose, the internal structure of the first locking body 11 is simplified, and the cost is saved.

Further, as shown in fig. 5 and 6, the fixing base 52 is provided with a fixing hole 521, the first locking body 11 is also provided with a fixing hole, the first locking mechanism 1 further includes a fastener 53, and the fastener 53 passes through the fixing hole 521 to fixedly connect the first locking body 11 with the fixing base 52.

Specifically, the fastening member 53 may be a screw or a bolt, and the fastening member 53 fastens and connects the fixing base 52 and the first locking body 11 from the outside of the first locking body 11 and through the fixing base 52. Of course, the fixing element 5 may be fixedly connected to the first locking body 11 by other means, such as a snap connection, a screw connection, etc., which are not particularly limited herein.

Further, as shown in fig. 5 and 6, the fixing base 52 has a mating cambered surface adapted to the shape of the side wall of the first locking body 11, and the fixing hole 521 is formed in the mating cambered surface and extends radially along the first locking body 11.

Because the first locking body 11 is columnar structure, therefore its internal wall is the arc surface, the cooperation cambered surface of fixing base 52 and the shape adaptation of arc surface to improved the laminating degree of fixing base 52 and first locking body 11, increased area of contact, improved connection stability, still reduced the locating difficulty of fixed orifices 521 on the fixing base 52 and the fixed orifices on the first locking body 11 simultaneously, and the penetration degree of fastener 53.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 5 and 6, the fixing members 5 are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the first locking body 11, the fixing bases 52 are located at two sides of the rotating shaft 51, the fixing bases 52 are arranged in a staggered manner with respect to the locking member 3, and the fixing bases 52 located at two sides of the locking member 3 are connected through the rotating shaft 51.

The rotating shaft 51 is used for being rotationally connected with the locking piece 3, the fixed seats 52 are positioned on two sides of the rotating shaft 51 and are fixedly connected with the first locking body 11, so that two sides of the rotating shaft 51 are fixedly formed, and the rotating position stability is ensured. In addition, the dislocation of the fixing seat 52 and the locking piece 3 also avoids the problem that the motion of the locking piece 3 is influenced by the interference of the fixing piece 5 and the locking piece 3.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 2, the first locking body 11 is provided with a receiving groove 112 corresponding to the mating portion 32, and the mating portion 32 can move in the receiving groove 112 when the locking member 3 rotates around the fixing member 5.

When the locking member 3 rotates around the fixing member 5, both ends of the locking member 3 swing, and the accommodating groove 112 is configured to form avoidance for the swing of the mating portion 32, so that a sufficient movement space is reserved for the swing, and the swing can be performed in the accommodating groove 112.

As shown in fig. 2, the opening direction of the accommodating groove 112 is radially outward of the first locking body 11 to conform to the swinging direction of the mating portion 32.

As a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, as shown in fig. 4, the first locking body 11 is further provided with an elastic restoring member 6, and the elastic restoring member 6 can apply a force to the locking member 3 to switch the stopper 31 to the locked state.

The elastic reset piece 6 is used for driving the locking piece 3 to rebound and reset, and provides a certain supporting force for the stop part 31 to firmly stop with the second locking mechanism 2, when unlocking, the stop part 31 is retracted by the movement of the locking piece 3, at the moment, the elastic reset piece 6 is compressed, and when unlocking is completed, the elastic reset piece 6 pushes the stop part 31 to reset to a locking state under the action of self elasticity.

Specifically, in the locking process of the second locking mechanism 2 and the first locking mechanism 1, the second locking mechanism 2 moves along the axial direction of the first locking mechanism 1, extrudes the stop portion 31, so that the stop portion 31 cannot be completely ejected, when the second locking mechanism 2 moves in place, the extrusion of the stop portion 31 is lost, and at the moment, the stop portion 31 ejects outwards under the pushing of the elastic reset piece 6, and a stop is formed with one end of the second locking mechanism 2.

Further, as shown in fig. 4 and 10, the elastic restoring member 6 has a contact surface 61 for contacting the locking member 3, and the contact surface 61 is curved and extended so that a clearance gap 62 is provided between a partial area of the contact surface 61 and the locking member 3.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 10, the elastic restoring member 6 is a spring, and the spring is bent to have a fixing section 63 and a mating section 64, where the fixing section 63 is fixed inside the first locking body 11, and the contact surface 61 is disposed on the mating section 64. The mating segment 64 extends in a wave-like shape to form the contact surface 61 and the relief gap 62. When the locking piece 3 moves to press the contact surface 61, the matching section 64 is flattened, so that the contact surface 61 is completely attached to the surface of the locking piece 3, and when the locking piece 3 loses the pressing action on the elastic restoring piece 6, the matching section 64 restores to the wavy structure.

Of course, the contact surface 61 may also extend in other shapes to form the relief gap 62, for example, the contact surface 61 may have a zigzag shape, a circular arc shape, etc., which is not particularly limited herein.

In a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 9, the stop 31 is provided with a stop plane 311, the stop plane 311 being stopped by the second locking mechanism 2.

Through planar structure and the cooperation of second locking mechanism 2 backstop, increased the area of contact of the two, improved backstop effect and stability, prevent that second locking mechanism 2 and backstop 31 from taking place the slippage, simultaneously, still increased the area of force of backstop 31, reduced pressure, reduce the local too big and deformation of atress of backstop 31 or the risk of damage.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 9, the stopper 31 has a convex structure protruding outward in the radial direction of the first locking body 11, and a side of the convex structure facing the second locking mechanism 2 is a plane to constitute a stopper plane 311. Preferably, as shown in fig. 9, the side of the projection facing away from the second locking mechanism 2 is beveled to provide a guiding function during the locking movement of the second locking mechanism 2.

As a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, as shown in fig. 4, the first locking mechanism 1 is further provided with an unlocking passage 13 inside 5, and the first locking mechanism 1 further includes an unlocking piece 7, the unlocking piece 7 extending into the unlocking passage

A channel 13 to drive the locking member 3 out of the limit of the second locking mechanism 2.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 4 and 11, the unlocking member 7 has a columnar structure, one end of the first locking mechanism 1 is provided with an unlocking opening, and an external mechanism can extend into the unlocking channel 13 from the unlocking opening and act on the unlocking member 7

And pushes the unlocking piece 7 to move towards the locking piece 3, and the unlocking piece 7 further acts on the locking piece 3 to drive the unlocking piece to move 0 so as to switch to the unlocking state.

As shown in fig. 4, the unlocking passage 13 extends in the axial direction of the first locking mechanism 1, and the unlocking piece 7 moves in the axial direction of the first locking mechanism 1 to complete unlocking.

Further, as shown in fig. 4, the first locking mechanism 1 includes a first locking body 11, a locking member 3

The locking piece 3 comprises a stop part 31 and a matching part 32, wherein the stop part 315 protrudes out of the outer surface of the first locking body 11, and the unlocking piece 7 acts on the matching part 32 to drive the stop part 31 to move.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 4, the two ends of the locking member 3 are respectively provided with a stop portion 31 and a mating portion 32, the locking member 3 is rotatably connected with the first locking body 11 or the fixing member 5 between the stop portion 31 and the mating portion 32,

so that the locking element 3 can rotate around the connection. The unlocking member 7 acts on the matching part 32 to drive the locking member 30 to rotate, so that the stopping part 31 is retracted.

As shown in fig. 4, the unlocking piece 7 acts with the engaging portion 32 in the unlocking passage 13 to push the engaging portion 32

Outward swinging, and simultaneously inward swinging of the stopper 31, so that the stopper 31 is retracted into the first locking body 11, and the stopper of the second locking mechanism 2 is lost, so that the first locking mechanism 1 and the second locking mechanism 2

Unlocking.

5 furthermore, the unlocking piece 7 can unlock the locking device only through one action, so that the understanding is greatly simplified

And in the step of locking, the unlocking difficulty is reduced, and the power conversion efficiency is improved.

Further, as shown in fig. 4, at least a partial area of the engaging portion 32 is located in the unlocking passage 13, and the unlocking piece 7 can push the engaging portion 32 to move the stopper 31. The matching part 32 is positioned in the unlocking channel 13, the unlocking mode of the unlocking piece 7 is simple and convenient, and the matching part 32 can be triggered only by inserting an external mechanism into the unlocking channel 13 from the unlocking opening and pushing the unlocking piece 7 inwards.

In a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the first locking mechanism 1 further comprises a reset member 71, the reset member 71 being adapted to apply a force to the unlocking member 7 away from the locking member 3.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 4, the return member 71 is a spring, and when the unlocking member 7 performs the unlocking movement in the unlocking passage 13, the spring is compressed, thereby generating a pushing force to the unlocking member 7 toward the outside of the unlocking passage 13.

Further, as shown in fig. 4, the unlocking channel 13 has a first unlocking section 131 and a second unlocking section 132, the inner diameter of the first unlocking section 131 is larger than that of the second unlocking section 132, a step surface is formed between the first unlocking section 131 and the second unlocking section 132, one end of the reset member 71 abuts against the step surface, and the other end abuts against the unlocking member 7.

When the unlocking piece 7 is unlocked to perform unlocking action, the first unlocking section 131 and the second unlocking section 132 sequentially penetrate through the step surface between the first unlocking section 131 and the second unlocking section 132 to form the installation position of the resetting piece 71, one end of the resetting piece 71 is abutted against the step surface, and the other end of the resetting piece 71 is abutted against the unlocking piece 7, so that the resetting piece 71 is convenient to install.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 4, an avoidance groove 113 is further provided in the first locking body 11, and the avoidance groove 113 is communicated with the unlocking channel 13, so that after the unlocking member 7 completes driving the locking member 3, the unlocking member can extend into the avoidance groove 113 from the unlocking channel 13. Specifically, the escape groove 113 is provided coaxially with the unlocking passage 13.

In a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, as shown in fig. 1, one end of the first locking mechanism 1 or the second locking mechanism 2 is further provided with a floating limiting portion 4, and the locking member 3 and the floating limiting portion 4 abut against and limit the second locking mechanism 2 from two ends of the second locking mechanism 2, respectively.

It will be appreciated that the floating limiter 4 is capable of floating in the axial direction of the first locking mechanism 1 to clamp the second locking mechanism 2 in cooperation with the locking member 3. The floating limiting part 4 and the locking piece 3 are opposite to each other in acting force on the second locking mechanism 2, so that a clamping effect is formed on the second locking mechanism 2.

The floating limiting part 4 and the locking piece 3 abut against the second locking mechanism 2 from two sides, so that the position stability of the second locking mechanism 2 is improved, the second locking mechanism 2 is prevented from shaking along the axial direction of the first locking mechanism 1, and the stability of fixing the battery pack 81 is further improved. Meanwhile, the floating limiting part 4 and the locking piece 3 can be matched with the second locking mechanism 2 with different lengths, and the adaptability of the first locking mechanism 1 is improved.

Further, as shown in fig. 2 and 7, the floating stopper 4 includes a spring 41 and a stopper ring 42, and the stopper ring 42 is configured to abut against the second lock mechanism 2 and/or the first lock mechanism 1.

The spring 41 provides elasticity for the limiting retainer ring 42, so that the limiting retainer ring 42 can float along the axial direction of the first locking mechanism 1 to prop against one end of the second locking mechanism 2, and the limiting retainer ring 42 contacts with the second locking mechanism 2, so that the contact between the floating limiting portion 4 and the second locking mechanism 2 is more stable.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 7, the stopper rings 42 are provided on both sides of the spring 41 to improve the contact stability between the floating stopper portion 4 and the second lock mechanism 2 and the first lock mechanism 1, respectively, and the stopper rings 42 have stepped surfaces.

As a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the outer surface of the end, provided with the locking piece 3, of the first locking mechanism 1 is further provided with a guiding inclined plane 14, so that the first locking mechanism 1 and the second locking mechanism 2 are conveniently in plug-in connection and matched, positioning difficulty of the first locking mechanism 1 and the second locking mechanism 2 is reduced, and matching convenience of the first locking mechanism and the second locking mechanism is improved.

Preferably, the first locking mechanism 1 is provided to the body of the electric vehicle 8, the second locking mechanism 2 is provided to the battery pack 81, the second locking mechanism 2 penetrates the battery pack 81, or the length of the second locking mechanism 2 is smaller than the thickness of the battery pack 81.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, 12 and 13, one end of the first locking mechanism 1 is provided with a fixing flange 12, and the fixing flange 12 is provided with a fixing hole to facilitate the fixing of the fixing flange 12 to the body of the electric vehicle 8 by bolts. The battery pack 81 is internally provided with an installation passage for installing the second locking mechanism 2 so that the second locking mechanism 2 is embedded inside the battery pack 81. The mounting passage may extend through the battery pack 81 or may be located in a partial region of the battery pack 81 to ensure battery capacity of the battery pack 81, and the battery pack 81 shields the locking device when the battery pack 81 is mounted to the electric vehicle 8.

Of course, the first lock mechanism 1 may be provided in the battery pack 81, and the second lock mechanism 2 may be provided in the electric vehicle 8 body, and is not particularly limited.

The utility model also discloses an electric vehicle 8 comprising the vehicle battery pack locking device.

Further, as shown in fig. 12 and 13, the first lock mechanism 1 is laterally fixed to one side of the electric vehicle 8 body such that the first lock mechanism 1 protrudes laterally from the electric vehicle 8 body. In other embodiments, the second locking mechanism 2 is laterally secured to one side of the body of the electric vehicle 8 such that the second locking mechanism 2 protrudes laterally beyond the body of the electric vehicle 8.

Depending on the mounting position of the first locking mechanism 1 or the second locking mechanism 2 on the electric vehicle 8, different power changing operations can be flexibly selected. When first locking mechanism 1 or second locking mechanism 2 transversely protrude in electric vehicle 8 automobile body, then the cooperation of first locking mechanism 1 and second locking mechanism 2 is realized to the accessible lateral shifting battery package 81, is fixed to electric vehicle 8 automobile body through the horizontal movement of battery package 81 promptly, and this mode need not to raise electric vehicle 8, has reduced the operation degree of difficulty.

In other embodiments, the first locking mechanism 1 or the second locking mechanism 2 is vertically fixed to the top or bottom of the electric vehicle 8 body such that the first locking mechanism 1 or the second locking mechanism 2 protrudes vertically upward or downward from the electric vehicle 8 body.

When the first locking mechanism 1 or the second locking mechanism 2 protrudes vertically upwards or downwards from the electric vehicle 8 body, the electric vehicle 8 can support the battery pack 81 below the battery pack 81 or hoist the battery pack 81 above the battery pack 81, and the installation mode of the battery pack 81 is correspondingly up-down installation, so that the second locking mechanism 2 is sleeved outside the first locking mechanism 1 along the up-down direction.

The utility model can be realized by adopting or referring to the prior art at the places which are not described in the utility model.

In this specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and identical and similar parts of each embodiment are all referred to each other, and each embodiment mainly describes differences from other embodiments.

The foregoing is merely exemplary of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Various modifications and variations of the present utility model will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. which come within the spirit and principles of the utility model are to be included in the scope of the claims of the present utility model.

Claims (29)

1. A locking device for a vehicle battery pack is characterized in that,

including first locking mechanism and second locking mechanism, first locking mechanism with one of them sets up in the battery package, and another of them sets up in electric vehicle automobile body, first locking mechanism is provided with the locking piece, the second locking mechanism is used for the cover to establish the periphery of first locking mechanism and drive the locking piece with the second locking mechanism carries out the backstop cooperation, so as to with the second locking mechanism locking in first locking mechanism.

2. The vehicular battery pack locking device according to claim 1, wherein,

The second locking mechanism can move along a first direction and is in sleeved fit with the first locking mechanism, move along a second direction and is separated from the second locking mechanism, and the locking piece is matched with the second locking mechanism so as to limit the second locking mechanism to move towards the second direction.

3. The vehicular battery pack locking device according to claim 1, wherein,

the first locking mechanism comprises a first locking body, the locking piece is arranged in the first locking body, the locking piece is provided with a stop part protruding out of the outer surface of the first locking body, and the stop part is used for being matched with the second locking mechanism in a stop mode.

4. The vehicular battery pack locking device according to claim 3, wherein,

the first locking body is provided with an opening through which the stopper portion protrudes, and the stopper portion is movable relative to the first locking body to switch between a locked state protruding from the opening and an unlocked state retracted into the first locking body.

5. The vehicular battery pack locking device according to claim 4, wherein,

the locking piece is provided with a telescopic mechanism for driving the stop part to perform telescopic movement.

6. The vehicular battery pack locking device according to claim 3, wherein,

the locking piece is connected with the first locking body through a fixing piece.

7. The vehicular battery pack locking device according to claim 6, wherein,

the locking piece further comprises a matching part positioned in the first locking body, the fixing piece is connected between the matching part and the stopping part, and the matching part drives the stopping part to swing around the fixing piece under the action of an external mechanism so as to retract into the first locking mechanism.

8. The vehicular battery pack locking device according to claim 7, wherein,

the locking piece is rotationally connected with the fixing piece so that the stop part can rotate around the fixing piece; or,

the locking piece is fixed to the fixing piece, and the locking piece can be elastically deformed to enable the stop portion to swing around the fixing piece.

9. The vehicular battery pack locking device according to claim 8, wherein,

the fixing piece comprises a rotating shaft and a fixing seat, the locking piece is rotationally connected with the rotating shaft, and the fixing seat is fixedly connected with the first locking body.

10. The vehicular battery pack locking device according to claim 9, wherein,

the fixing seat and the first locking body are respectively provided with a fixing hole, the first locking mechanism further comprises a fastener, and the fastener penetrates through the fixing holes to fixedly connect the first locking body with the fixing seat.

11. The vehicular battery pack locking device according to claim 10, wherein,

the fixing seat is provided with a matched cambered surface matched with the shape of the side wall of the first locking body, and the fixing hole is formed in the matched cambered surface and extends along the radial direction of the first locking body.

12. The vehicular battery pack locking device according to claim 11, wherein,

the fixing pieces are uniformly arranged along the circumference of the first locking body, the fixing seats are positioned on two sides of the rotating shaft, the fixing seats are arranged in a staggered mode with the locking pieces, and the fixing seats positioned on two sides of the locking pieces are connected through the rotating shaft.

13. The vehicular battery pack locking device according to claim 8, wherein,

the first locking body is provided with a containing groove corresponding to the matching part, and when the locking piece rotates around the fixing piece, the matching part can move in the containing groove.

14. The vehicular battery pack locking device according to claim 4, wherein,

the first locking body is internally provided with an elastic reset piece, and the elastic reset piece can apply acting force for enabling the stop part to be switched to the locking state to the locking piece.

15. The vehicular battery pack locking device according to claim 14, wherein,

the elastic restoring element has a contact surface for contacting the locking element, which extends in a curved manner, so that a partial region of the contact surface has a recess with the locking element.

16. The vehicular battery pack locking device according to claim 3, wherein,

the stop portion is provided with a stop plane, and the stop plane is stopped by the second locking mechanism.

17. The vehicular battery pack locking device according to claim 1, wherein,

the locking piece is a plurality of, and follows the circumference of first locking mechanism evenly spaced sets up.

18. The vehicular battery pack locking device according to claim 1, wherein,

the first locking mechanism is inside to be provided with the unblock passageway still, first locking mechanism still includes the unblock piece, the unblock piece stretches into the unblock passageway, so that the drive the locking piece breaks away from to the restriction of second locking mechanism.

19. The vehicular battery pack locking device according to claim 18, wherein,

the first locking mechanism comprises a first locking body, the locking piece is arranged in the first locking body, the locking piece comprises a stop part and a matching part, the stop part protrudes out of the outer surface of the first locking body, and the unlocking piece acts on the matching part to drive the stop part to move.

20. The vehicular battery pack locking device according to claim 19, wherein,

at least part of the area of the matching part is positioned in the unlocking channel, and the unlocking piece can push the matching part to enable the stopping part to move.

21. The vehicular battery pack locking device according to claim 18, wherein,

the first locking mechanism further includes a reset member for applying a force to the unlocking member away from the locking member.

22. The vehicular battery pack locking device according to claim 21, wherein,

the unlocking channel is provided with a first unlocking section and a second unlocking section, the inner diameter of the first unlocking section is larger than that of the second unlocking section, a step surface is arranged between the first unlocking section and the second unlocking section, one end of the resetting piece is abutted against the step surface, and the other end of the resetting piece is abutted against the unlocking piece.

23. The vehicular battery pack locking device according to claim 18, wherein,

the first locking mechanism is internally provided with an avoidance groove, and the avoidance groove is communicated with the unlocking channel.

24. The vehicular battery pack locking device according to claim 1, wherein,

the first locking mechanism or one end of second locking mechanism still is provided with the spacing portion that floats, the locking piece with the spacing portion that floats is from second locking mechanism both ends butt is spacing respectively the second locking mechanism.

25. The vehicular battery pack locking device according to claim 24, wherein,

the floating limiting part comprises a spring and a limiting check ring, and the limiting check ring is used for being in butt joint with the second locking mechanism.

26. The vehicular battery pack locking device according to claim 1, wherein,

the outer surface of the end, provided with the locking piece, of the first locking mechanism is also provided with a guide inclined plane.

27. The vehicular battery pack locking device according to claim 1, wherein,

the first locking mechanism is arranged on the vehicle body, the second locking mechanism is arranged on the battery pack, and the second locking mechanism penetrates through the battery pack or the length of the second locking mechanism is smaller than the thickness of the battery pack.

28. An electric vehicle, characterized in that,

comprising a battery pack locking device for a vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 27.

29. The electric vehicle of claim 28, characterized in that,

the first locking mechanism or the second locking mechanism is transversely fixed on one side of the vehicle body, so that the first locking mechanism or the second locking mechanism transversely protrudes out of the vehicle body; or,

the first locking mechanism or the second locking mechanism is vertically fixed to the top or the bottom of the vehicle body, so that the first locking mechanism or the second locking mechanism vertically protrudes upwards or downwards from the vehicle body.