CN219591650U - Antenna with wide wave beam circular polarization radiation performance - Google Patents
Antenna with wide wave beam circular polarization radiation performance Download PDFInfo
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- CN219591650U CN219591650U CN202321135156.1U CN202321135156U CN219591650U CN 219591650 U CN219591650 U CN 219591650U CN 202321135156 U CN202321135156 U CN 202321135156U CN 219591650 U CN219591650 U CN 219591650U
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Abstract
The utility model provides an antenna with wide-beam circularly polarized radiation performance, wherein a top conductive patch consists of n antenna units which are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction and a feed network which is divided into n parts; n antenna units uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction form a circularly polarized antenna array; each antenna unit consists of at least two short branches and a plurality of long branches, and one ends of the two short branches are connected with the upper parts of the long branches; each antenna unit is connected with the bottom conductive patch through a grounding through hole. The top patch of the PCB patch antenna provided by the utility model consists of n circumferentially uniformly distributed antenna units and a one-to-one n feed network, is compact in arrangement, can realize miniaturization of the antenna, and simultaneously enables the n antenna units to realize circularly polarized radiation. The design of the branches in the antenna unit improves the radiation performance of the patch antenna. The wide beam performance of the antenna is realized by combining the array factor radiation pattern and the antenna unit pattern, namely, the antenna of the utility model realizes circular polarization and wide beam simultaneously.
Description
Technical Field
The present utility model relates to the field of antenna communications, and more particularly, to an antenna having wide-beam circularly polarized radiation performance.
Background
With the development of satellite communication technology, the requirements on antennas are higher and higher, and on one hand, in order to avoid polarization mismatch between transmitting and receiving antennas, the antennas are required to have the capability of radiating circularly polarized waves; on the other hand, in order to realize wider coverage, the antenna needs wider radiation beam, so that the antenna can be used singly to cover the required range, and can also be used as array elements to form a phased array to realize a large scanning range. In addition, with the trend of miniaturization, integration and low cost of devices, the antenna is required to be small in size, low in profile and low in cost.
A common antenna with wide beam circular polarization is a helical antenna, which has wide beam, wide frequency band and good circular polarization performance, but has the disadvantage of larger size. Another common circularly polarized antenna is a microstrip antenna, which has the advantages of small size, low profile, narrow bandwidth and poor wide-angle circular polarization performance.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to overcome at least one defect of the prior art, and provides an antenna with wide beam circular polarization radiation performance, which is used for solving the problems of large size, narrow bandwidth and poor circular polarization performance of the conventional spiral antenna.
The technical scheme adopted by the utility model comprises the following steps:
the utility model provides an antenna with wide-beam circular polarization radiation performance, which consists of a top conductive patch, a dielectric substrate and a bottom conductive patch which are connected in sequence; the top conductive patch is connected with the bottom conductive patch in a feeding way; the top conductive patch consists of n antenna units which are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction and a feed network of one-to-one n, wherein n is more than or equal to 3; n antenna units uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction form a circularly polarized antenna array; each antenna unit consists of at least two parallel short branches and a plurality of long branches perpendicular to the short branches, and one ends of the two parallel short branches are connected with the upper parts of the long branches; each antenna unit is connected with the bottom conductive patch through a grounding through hole.
The antenna provided by the utility model is a PCB patch antenna, the PCB lamination structure is composed of a top conductive patch, a dielectric substrate and a bottom conductive patch which are sequentially connected, wherein the top patch is composed of n circumferentially uniformly distributed antenna units and a one-to-four feed network, the arrangement is compact, and the miniaturization of the antenna can be realized. Secondly, through the uniformly distributed antenna units in the circumferential direction and a quarter feed network, the n antenna units can realize circularly polarized radiation. . The wide beam performance of the antenna is realized by combining the array factor radiation pattern and the antenna unit pattern, namely, the antenna provided by the utility model realizes circular polarization and wide beam simultaneously.
Further, 6 is more than or equal to n is more than or equal to 3.
Further, in each antenna element, the number of short branches is 2 times that of long branches.
Further, one end of one of the short branches of the antenna element is connected to an end point of an upper portion of the long branch thereof.
Further, the two short branches are the same in length, and the long branch is at least 2 times the length of the short branch.
Further, the antenna unit is in a horizontally flipped "F" shape, wherein the two short branches are respectively a transverse line segment in the "F" shape, and the long branch is a vertical line segment in the "F" shape.
The horizontally flipped "F" shaped antenna element is the best antenna shape.
Further, each antenna element is obtained by rotating the previous antenna element in the counterclockwise direction by 90 ° around its own center in the clockwise direction.
Further, the one-to-four feed network is used for outputting signals with phase differences of 0 °, 90 °, 180 ° and 270 ° to the antenna units respectively, and the positions of the two antenna units are located between the two antenna units.
The output port of the feed network comprises an excitation signal with phase differences of 0 DEG, 90 DEG, 180 DEG and 270 DEG to the antenna unit, so that the horizontally flipped F-shaped antennas are combined together to generate two linearly polarized waves with phase differences of 90 DEG and orthogonal directions, thereby realizing the radiation of circularly polarized waves, and in addition, the combination of the array factor radiation pattern and the antenna unit pattern realizes the wide beam performance.
Further, the distance between each antenna element is 0.3 times the operating wavelength.
Wide beam performance of both gain and axial ratio can be achieved with an antenna element spacing of about 0.3 times the operating wavelength.
Further, the short branch of the first transversal line segment of each antenna element, which is an "F" shape, is connected at its end point to a ground via through which the antenna element is connected to the underlying conductive patch.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the beneficial effects that:
the utility model provides an antenna with wide-beam circular polarization radiation performance, which is characterized in that a PCB lamination structure is composed of a top conductive patch, a dielectric substrate and a bottom conductive patch which are sequentially connected, wherein the top patch is compactly arranged to realize miniaturization. Secondly, each antenna unit is in a horizontally-turned F shape, and the antenna units can radiate circularly polarized waves by combining with a feed network capable of outputting excitation signals with phase differences of 0 DEG, 90 DEG, 180 DEG and 270 DEG respectively, so that the antenna units can realize wide beam performance of gain and axial ratio by the spacing of 0.3 times of working wavelength between the antenna units, namely, the antenna can realize wide beam and circular polarization simultaneously.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a side view of an antenna according to embodiment 1 of the present utility model.
Fig. 2 is a top view of an antenna according to embodiment 1 of the present utility model.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna unit 110 according to embodiment 1 of the present utility model.
Fig. 4 is an axial ratio bandwidth of an antenna according to embodiment 1 of the present utility model.
Fig. 5 is a circular polarization gain normalization pattern of the antenna according to embodiment 1 of the present utility model.
Fig. 6 is an axial ratio pattern of the antenna according to embodiment 1 of the present utility model.
Detailed Description
The drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting the utility model. For better illustration of the following embodiments, some parts of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the actual product dimensions; it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that certain well-known structures in the drawings and descriptions thereof may be omitted.
Example 1
The present embodiment provides an antenna with wide-beam circularly polarized radiation performance, which is a PCB laminated structure, as shown in fig. 1, and the structure sequentially includes a top conductive patch 100, a dielectric substrate 200, and a bottom conductive patch 300 from top to bottom.
The top conductive patch 100 and the bottom conductive patch 300 are connected by a feed probe 400 penetrating through the dielectric substrate 200, the feed probe 400 is used for feeding and exciting the antenna, and as shown in fig. 2, the feed probe 400 is located at the center of the whole antenna.
As shown in fig. 2, the top conductive patch 100 is composed of four circumferentially uniformly distributed antenna elements 110 to 140 and a one-to-four feed network 150.
Four antenna units 110 to 140 uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction form a circularly polarized antenna array, and can radiate circularly polarized waves. In a specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the antenna units 110 to 140 are uniformly distributed circumferentially in the following manner: each antenna unit is obtained by rotating the front antenna unit in the anticlockwise direction by 90 degrees around the center of the front antenna unit in the clockwise direction, and the four antenna units are compactly arranged, so that the antenna is miniaturized.
As shown in fig. 3, taking one of the antenna elements 110 as an example, each antenna element is composed of two parallel short branches 111 and 112 and one long branch 113 perpendicular to the short branches, and one ends of the parallel short branches 111 and 112 are connected to the upper portion of the long branch 113.
In a specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, taking one antenna unit 110 as an example, the antenna unit 110 is in a horizontally flipped "F" shape, one end of the short branch 111 is connected to an end point at an upper portion of the long branch 113, the two short branches 111 and 112 are respectively a transverse line segment in the "F" shape, and the long branch 113 is a vertical line segment in the "F" shape. The two short branches 111 and 112 have the same length, and the long branch 113 has a length at least 2 times the length of the short branch 111 or 112.
As shown in connection with fig. 1 and 2, each antenna element is connected to the underlying conductive patch 300 by a ground via 500. More specifically, the ground vias 500 are connected to the end points of one of the short branches of each antenna element, and the antenna elements are connected to the underlying conductive patch 300 through the ground vias 500. As shown in fig. 3, the ground via 500 is connected to the end point of the short branch 111 of the antenna unit 110.
The one-quarter feed network 140 is configured to output signals having phase differences of 0 °, 90 °, 180 °, and 270 ° to the four antenna units 110 to 140, respectively, and as shown in fig. 2, the one-quarter feed network 140 is located between two of the antenna units, more specifically, between the antenna unit 110 and the antenna unit 120.
The antenna provided in this embodiment utilizes four antenna units 110 to 140 to be uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction to form an array, and outputs excitation signals with phase differences of 0 degrees, 90 degrees, 180 degrees and 270 degrees to the four antenna units 110 to 140 through a quarter feed network 150, so that after the four antenna units 110 to 140 are combined together, two linearly polarized waves with phase differences of 90 degrees and orthogonal directions can be generated, and circular polarized radiation is realized.
In a specific embodiment, the distance between each antenna element is 0.3 times the operating wavelength. By combining the array factor radiation pattern and the patterns of the antenna units 110 to 140, the wide beam performance of gain and axial ratio can be realized simultaneously by adopting the antenna unit spacing of about 0.3 times of working wavelength according to the multiplication principle of the array antenna pattern.
In a specific embodiment, the specific size of the antenna provided in this embodiment is 0.34 λ×0.34 λ×0.009 λ, where λ is a wavelength corresponding to an operating frequency of the antenna, and a thickness of 0.009 λ indicates a low profile characteristic of the antenna. The axial ratio bandwidth of the antenna embodiment is shown in fig. 4, and the 3dB axial ratio bandwidth is 1.48GHz-2.79GHz, which is about 61% of the relative bandwidth. The circular polarization gain normalization pattern of the specific example is shown in fig. 5, and it can be seen that the 3dB power beam width is greater than 130 degrees. Further, the axial ratio beam width of the specific example is as shown in fig. 6, and the beam width of the axial ratio smaller than 3 is larger than 120 degrees, so the antenna of the present embodiment has a wide beam circular polarization characteristic.
The antenna provided by the embodiment is formed by sequentially rotating four antenna units 110-140 with small size and low profile by 90 degrees in a compact arrangement mode, each antenna unit is in a horizontally-turned F shape, and the antenna units in the shape effectively improve the overall performance of the antenna. The signals of four output ports with phase differences are realized through one-to-four feed network 150 by different microstrip line lengths, and the four output ports sequentially output feed signals of 0 degrees, 90 degrees, 180 degrees and 270 degrees to excite the four antenna units 110 to 140 respectively, so that the four antenna units 110 to 140 jointly realize circular polarization radiation performance. In addition, the combination of the array factor radiation pattern and the patterns of the antenna units 110 to 140 realizes the wide beam performance, namely, the PCB patch antenna provided by the embodiment simultaneously makes low profile, wide beam and circular polarization, and overcomes the defects that the conventional spiral antenna and microstrip antenna are large in size, narrow in bandwidth and incapable of realizing circular polarization beam.
It should be understood that the foregoing examples of the present utility model are merely illustrative of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model to the specific embodiments thereof. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. that comes within the spirit and principle of the claims of the present utility model should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present utility model.
Claims (10)
1. An antenna with wide beam circular polarization radiation performance comprises a top conductive patch, a dielectric substrate and a bottom conductive patch which are sequentially connected; the top conductive patch is connected with the feed of the bottom conductive patch;
the top conductive patch is characterized by comprising n antenna units which are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction and a feed network of one-to-one n, wherein n is more than or equal to 3;
n antenna units uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction form a circularly polarized antenna array;
each antenna unit consists of at least two short branches and a plurality of long branches, and one end of each at least two parallel short branches is connected with the upper part of each long branch;
each antenna unit is connected with the bottom conductive patch through a grounding through hole.
2. An antenna with wide beam circular polarization radiation performance according to claim 1, wherein one end of one of the short branches of the antenna element is connected to the end point of the upper part of its long branch.
3. An antenna with wide beam circular polarization radiation performance according to claim 2 wherein the two short branches are the same length and the long branch is at least 2 times the length of the short branch.
4. An antenna with wide beam circular polarization radiation performance according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the antenna element is in the shape of a horizontally flipped "F", wherein the two short branches are each a transversal line segment in the shape of an "F", and the long branch is a vertical line segment in the shape of an "F".
5. The antenna with wide-beam circularly polarized radiation performance of claim 4, wherein each antenna element is obtained by rotating the previous antenna element in the counter-clockwise direction by 90 ° around its own center in the clockwise direction.
6. The antenna of claim 5, wherein the split-quadrifilar feed network is configured to output signals having phase differences of 0 °, 90 °, 180 ° and 270 ° to the antenna elements, respectively, in a position between two of the antenna elements.
7. An antenna with wide beam circularly polarized radiation performance as claimed in any one of claims 4 to 6 wherein the distance between each antenna element is 0.3 times the operating wavelength.
8. The antenna with wide beam circularly polarized radiation performance of claim 7 wherein the short leg of the first transverse line segment in each antenna element as an "F" shape is connected at its end to a ground via through which the antenna element is connected to the underlying conductive patch.
9. An antenna with wide beam circular polarization radiation performance according to any of claims 1 to 3, wherein 6.gtoreq.n.gtoreq.3.
10. An antenna with wide beam circular polarization radiation performance according to any of claims 1-3, characterized in that the number of short branches is 2 times the number of long branches in each antenna element.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202321135156.1U CN219591650U (en) | 2023-05-09 | 2023-05-09 | Antenna with wide wave beam circular polarization radiation performance |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202321135156.1U CN219591650U (en) | 2023-05-09 | 2023-05-09 | Antenna with wide wave beam circular polarization radiation performance |
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| CN219591650U true CN219591650U (en) | 2023-08-25 |
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| CN202321135156.1U Active CN219591650U (en) | 2023-05-09 | 2023-05-09 | Antenna with wide wave beam circular polarization radiation performance |
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- 2023-05-09 CN CN202321135156.1U patent/CN219591650U/en active Active
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