CN219582326U

CN219582326U - Damping mechanism of numerical control machine tool

Info

Publication number: CN219582326U
Application number: CN202320735771.XU
Authority: CN
Inventors: 黄康平; 王瑶
Original assignee: Shenzhen Xiongxing Industry Co ltd
Current assignee: Shenzhen Xiongxing Industry Co ltd
Priority date: 2023-03-27
Filing date: 2023-03-27
Publication date: 2023-08-25
Anticipated expiration: 2033-03-27

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of numerically-controlled machine tools, and relates to a damping mechanism of a numerically-controlled machine tool, which comprises a base for loading a machine tool body, wherein a damping structure is arranged between the machine tool body and the base; the damping structure comprises a supporting column for supporting the machine tool body, and a damper for damping up-and-down vibration of equipment is connected between the supporting column and the base; buffer components are arranged on two sides of the support column along the moving direction; the buffer component comprises a guide rail arranged along the up-down vibration direction of the machine tool body and a moving block which is matched with the guide rail and connected with the support column; a gap is reserved between the top end of the guide rail and the machine tool body so that the machine tool body can be lifted. The utility model reduces the up-and-down shaking amplitude during the processing of the numerical control machine tool, can strengthen the shock resistance during the processing of the numerical control machine tool, and reduces the influence of the vibration during the processing of the numerical control machine tool on the processing precision.

Description

Damping mechanism of numerical control machine tool

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the field of numerical control machine tools, in particular to a damping mechanism of a numerical control machine tool.

Background

The numerical control machine tool, namely the numerical control machine tool, is an automatic machine tool provided with a program control system, and is suitable for large-scale high-precision frames, dies and steel plates with higher machining precision requirements or finer surface roughness requirements. The bottom of the machine tool is usually required to be provided with a foot pad or a base, so that the function of supporting and fixing the numerical control machine tool is achieved.

However, the existing numerical control machine tool has poor anti-vibration performance, and in the machining process of the numerical control machine tool, the numerical control machine tool can generate vibration, and the generated vibration energy is large, so that the equipment shakes up and down, the machining precision is affected, and the machining yield is reduced. Therefore, a damping mechanism capable of reducing vibration of the numerical control machine tool during machining is currently lacking.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to reduce vibration of the numerical control machine tool in the machining process, the utility model provides a damping mechanism of the numerical control machine tool.

The damping mechanism of the numerical control machine tool provided by the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:

the damping mechanism of the numerical control machine tool comprises a plurality of damping boxes arranged at the bottom of the machine tool body, wherein a base is arranged in each damping box, and the damping structure is arranged on each base; the damping structure comprises a supporting column for supporting the machine tool body, and a damper for damping up-and-down vibration of equipment is connected between the supporting column and the base; buffer components are arranged on two sides of the support column along the moving direction; the buffer component comprises a guide rail arranged along the up-down vibration direction of the machine tool body and a moving block which is matched with the guide rail and connected with the support column; a gap is reserved between the top end of the guide rail and the machine tool body so that the machine tool body can be lifted.

By adopting the technical scheme, when the numerical control machine tool is used for processing and the equipment shakes up and down, the machine tool body pushes the support column to move downwards, the support column applies thrust to the shock absorber, and the shock absorber absorbs most of vibration energy, so that the movement of the support column is primarily slowed down; meanwhile, the support column descends together with the moving block connected with the support column, and the moving block descends and integrally adheres to the inner wall surface of the guide rail, so that the descending of the support column is further slowed down by the friction force of the moving block, and double shock absorption of the support column is realized; when the support column stops moving downwards to when upwards moving, the shock absorber can apply the pulling force to the support column, and the movable block moves upwards in the guide rail along with the support column, the friction force of the movable block is matched with the pulling force of the shock absorber to inhibit the movement of the support column, and then the up-and-down shaking of the machine tool body is slowed down, and the shock absorption of the machining process of the numerical control machine tool is improved.

Optionally, a moving assembly for improving stability of the support column in the lifting process is arranged between the moving block and the support column; the movable assembly comprises a rotating block rotationally connected with the moving block, the rotating block is provided with a connecting rod hinged with the supporting column in a penetrating mode, and one end, deviating from the supporting column, of the connecting rod is sleeved with an elastic piece connected with the rotating block in a sliding mode.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when the support column descends and drives the connecting rod to descend, the connecting rod drives the turning block and rotates around the movable block, and the connecting rod slides along the direction that keeps away from the support column in the turning block simultaneously to drive the elastic component to stretch, the energy that the connecting rod applyed is absorbed to the elastic component stretching process, thereby plays the cushioning effect; when the support column rises and drives the connecting rod to rise, the connecting rod drives the rotating block to rotate around the moving block, and meanwhile the connecting rod slides in the rotating block along the direction close to the support column, so that the elastic piece is compressed, and vibration energy generated when the support column shakes up and down is further absorbed by the elastic piece.

Optionally, the damper is a damping spring damper.

By adopting the technical scheme, the damping spring shock absorber has the advantages of good damping effect, compact structure, large damping and wide load range.

Optionally, the damping spring shock absorber includes last casing, lower casing, installs the shock absorbing spring between last casing and lower casing, goes up the casing setting and is installed the rubber damping board on lower casing inner wall, goes up casing lower extreme outer wall and rubber damping board inner wall laminating and is connected, goes up the casing and is connected with the coupling bolt, and the coupling bolt passes the last casing roof and is connected with the support column, and the bottom of coupling bolt is connected with shock absorbing spring.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the rubber damping board can effectively reduce the vibration of shock-absorbing spring, improves the elasticity of shock-absorbing spring to reduce the amplitude of resonance.

Optionally, a positioning plate is mounted at the lower end of the coupling bolt, and an edge of the positioning plate extends towards the shock-absorbing spring so that the positioning plate limits movement of the shock-absorbing spring.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the locating plate can play the beat of restriction shock absorption spring to control shock absorption spring's removal range, and then play the effect that improves the shock attenuation performance of bumper shock absorber.

Optionally, the buffer components are symmetrically arranged at two sides of the support column.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, can promote buffer unit's buffering effect, two sets of buffer unit combined action plays firm, cushioning effect to the both sides of support column respectively.

Optionally, the shock attenuation case is provided with a plurality of, and a plurality of shock attenuation case even interval arranges in the bottom of lathe body.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, can compromise the support and the cushioning effect to the lathe body.

Optionally, the elastic member adopts a damping spring.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, damping spring's simple structure, elastic support power chamber to installation and maintenance are convenient.

Optionally, the shock-absorbing box further comprises a protective cover covered on the base, and the top wall of the protective cover is penetrated with a yielding hole for the support column to pass through.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the processing environment and the damper of outside can be isolated to the protection casing to reduce outside processing sweeps and dust and get into, influence damper's shock attenuation effect.

In summary, the utility model has the following beneficial technical effects:

1. according to the utility model, the vibration reducing mechanism is additionally arranged on the support column, and the vertical shaking amplitude during the processing of the numerical control machine is reduced to a certain extent through the friction force matching action of the vibration reducer, the moving block and the guide rail, so that the vibration resistance during the processing of the numerical control machine can be enhanced, and the influence of the vibration during the processing of the numerical control machine on the processing precision is reduced;

2. according to the utility model, the rotating block and the connecting rod are additionally arranged, so that the elastic piece is utilized to play a role in damping transverse fluctuation of the support column, and the damping performance of the damping mechanism is further improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of an application of an embodiment of the present utility model.

Fig. 2 is a schematic overall structure of an embodiment of the present utility model.

Fig. 3 is a sectional view showing an internal structure of the shock absorbing tank.

Reference numerals illustrate: 1. a machine tool body; 2. a damper box; 21. a base; 22. a protective cover; 3. a support column; 4. a damper; 41. an upper case, 42, and a lower case; 43. a shock absorbing spring; 44. a positioning plate; 45. a coupling bolt; 46. a rubber damping plate; 47. a mounting plate; 48. a rubber pad; 5. a guide rail; 51. a moving block; 6. a rotating block; 7. a connecting rod; 71. and a damping spring.

Detailed Description

The present utility model will be described in further detail below.

The embodiment of the utility model discloses a damping mechanism of a numerical control machine tool, which comprises a plurality of damping boxes 2 uniformly distributed at intervals at the bottom of a machine tool body 1, wherein a base 21 is arranged in each damping box 2, the base 21 is provided with a damping structure, and the damping mechanism comprises a support column 3, a damper 4 and damping components positioned at two sides of the support column 3 in the lifting direction.

Referring to fig. 2, a base 21 is fixed on the ground, and a support column 3 is vertically provided above. The top end of the support column 3 penetrates out of the shock absorption box 2 to be fixedly connected with the machine tool body 1, and specifically, the support column is connected by bolts or welded and fixed. Referring to fig. 3, a damper 4 is connected between the support column 3 and the base 21. The existing ZTE-type and FZD-type damping spring dampers can be used in the present utility model, and in this embodiment, one of the dampers 4 is described: the damper 4 includes a mounting plate 47, an upper case 41, and a lower case 42.

The panel surface of the mounting plate 47 is attached to the top surface of the base 21 and is bolted to the base 21. A rubber pad 48 is bonded between the mounting plate 47 and the base 21. The lower housing 42 has a cylindrical shape standing upright, and an opening is provided at the top thereof, and is integrally formed with the mounting plate 47. The upper case 41 is provided on the upper portion of the lower case 42, and is connected to the lower case 42 in a vertically sliding manner. The shock absorber 4 further includes a rubber damping plate 46 fixed to the inner wall of the lower housing 42. The outer wall of the lower end of the upper shell 41 is in fit connection with the inner wall of the rubber damping plate 46. The top wall of the upper housing 41 is fixedly connected with the support column 3. The upper case 41 is connected with a coupling bolt 45. The coupling bolts pass through the top plate of the upper housing 41 and are fixedly connected with the support columns 3.

The lower end of the coupling bolt 45 is mounted with a positioning plate 44. A spring chamber is formed between the inner wall of the upper case 41 and the inner wall of the lower case 42. The shock absorbing spring 43 is arranged in the spring cavity, the axis of the shock absorbing spring 43 is consistent with the axis direction of the lower shell 42, and two ends of the shock absorbing spring 43 are fixedly connected with the positioning plate 44 and the inner wall of the lower shell 42 respectively. The plate surface of the positioning plate 44 is attached to the end surface of the shock-absorbing spring 43, and the edge of the positioning plate 44 extends towards the shock-absorbing spring 43, so that the positioning plate 44 is sleeved at the end part of the shock-absorbing spring 43.

Referring to fig. 3, both sides of the support column 3 in the moving direction are provided with buffer assemblies. The two groups of buffer components are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the support column 3. The buffer assembly comprises a guide rail 5 and a moving block 51, wherein the guide rail 5 is arranged along the up-down vibration direction of the machine tool body 1, and the moving block is matched with the guide rail 5. The moving block 51 is fitted into the guide rail 5 and integrally attached to the inner wall surface of the guide rail 5. The bottom end of the guide rail 5 is fixedly connected with the base 21, and a gap is reserved between the top end and the machine tool body 1. The moving block 51 is embedded in the corresponding guide rail 5 and is connected with the guide rail 5 in a lifting and sliding manner. The movable block 51 is rotatably connected with the rotary block 6 at one side facing away from the corresponding guide rail 5, and the rotary shaft is horizontally arranged.

A connecting rod 7 is connected between the rotating block 6 and the supporting column 3. The connecting rod 7 is arranged horizontally, one end penetrates through the rotating block 6 and is connected with the rotating block 6 in a sliding mode, the other end is hinged to the supporting column 3, and the axis direction of the hinged shaft is perpendicular to the axis direction of the connecting rod 7. The axial direction of the rotating block 6 is perpendicular to the axial direction of the connecting rod 7 so that the rotating block 6 can rotate relative to the moving block 51.

When the support column 3 is lifted, the connecting rod 7 is driven to slide in the rotating block 6, and meanwhile, the rotating block 6 rotates relative to the moving block 51 and drives the moving block 51 to lift and slide in the guide rail 5. An elastic member is connected to the end of the connecting rod 7 facing away from the support column 3. In this embodiment, the elastic member is a damper spring 71, and a high-strength reinforcing spring is selected. The two ends of the damping spring 71 are fixedly connected with the end of the connecting rod 7 and the rotating block 6 respectively.

The damper box 2 further comprises a protective cover 22. The protection cover 22 is in a square box cover shape matched with the base 21, is covered on the base 21, and is provided with a yielding hole for the support column 3 to pass through in combination with fig. 2, and the top wall of the protection cover 22.

The implementation principle of the damping mechanism of the numerical control machine tool provided by the embodiment of the utility model is as follows: referring to fig. 3, when the numerical control machine is rocked up and down, the movable support column 3 moves downward, the support column 3 applies a pushing force to the shock absorber 4, and the shock absorbing spring 43 is compressed in the shock absorber 4 to absorb most of the shock energy, thereby playing a role in primarily slowing down the movement of the support column 3, and simultaneously, the friction force between the rubber damping plate 46 and the upper housing 41 limits the lowering speed of the upper housing 41 and limits the runout and recovery of the shock absorbing spring 43; the moving block 51 is driven to descend together in the descending process of the support column 3, the moving block 51 descends and is integrally attached to the inner wall surface of the guide rail 5, and the descending of the support column 3 is further slowed down by the friction force of the moving block 51, so that double shock absorption of the support column 3 is realized; meanwhile, the connecting rod 7 drives the damping spring 71 to stretch, so that the sliding of the connecting rod 7 is limited, and the shaking amplitude of the support column 3 is reduced. When the support column 3 stops moving downwards and moves upwards, the shock absorber 4 can apply a pulling force to the support column 3, the moving block 51 moves upwards in the guide rail 5 along with the support column 3, the pulling force of the shock absorbing spring 43 is matched with the friction force of the moving block 51, and the reverse elastic force of the compressed shock absorbing spring 71 is utilized to play a role in stabilizing the support column 3, so that the shock absorption of the machining of the numerical control machine tool is improved.

The above embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the present utility model, so: all equivalent changes in structure, shape and principle of the utility model should be covered in the scope of protection of the utility model.

Claims

1. Damping mechanism of digit control machine tool, its characterized in that: the machine tool comprises a damping box (2) arranged at the bottom of a machine tool body (1), wherein a base (21) is arranged in the damping box (2), and a damping structure is arranged on the base (21); the damping structure comprises a supporting column (3) for supporting the machine tool body (1), and a damper (4) for damping up-and-down vibration of equipment is connected between the supporting column (3) and a base (21); buffer components are arranged on two sides of the support column (3) along the moving direction; the buffer component comprises a guide rail (5) arranged along the up-down vibration direction of the machine tool body (1) and a moving block (51) which is matched with the guide rail (5) and is connected with the support column (3); a gap is reserved between the top end of the guide rail (5) and the machine tool body (1) so as to enable the machine tool body (1) to lift;

a moving assembly for improving stability of the support column (3) in the lifting process is arranged between the moving block (51) and the support column (3); the movable assembly comprises a rotating block (6) rotationally connected with the movable block (51), a connecting rod (7) hinged with the support column (3) is arranged on the rotating block (6) in a penetrating mode, the rotating block (6) is connected with the connecting rod (7) in a sliding mode, and an elastic piece connected with the rotating block (6) is sleeved at one end, deviating from the support column (3), of the connecting rod (7);

the damper (4) adopts a damping spring damper;

the damping spring shock absorber comprises an upper shell (41), a lower shell (42), a shock absorbing spring (43) arranged between the upper shell (41) and the lower shell (42), wherein the upper shell (41) is arranged on the upper portion of the lower shell (42), a rubber damping plate (46) is arranged on the inner wall of the lower shell (42), the outer wall of the lower end of the upper shell (41) is connected with the inner wall of the rubber damping plate (46) in a fitting mode, the upper shell (41) is connected with a connecting bolt (45), the connecting bolt (45) penetrates through a top plate of the upper shell (41) to be connected with a supporting column (3), and the bottom end of the connecting bolt (45) is connected with the shock absorbing spring (43).

2. The damping mechanism of a numerical control machine according to claim 1, wherein: the elastic piece adopts a damping spring (71).

3. The damping mechanism of a numerical control machine according to claim 1, wherein: the lower end of the connecting bolt (45) is provided with a locating plate (44), and the edge of the locating plate (44) extends towards the shock-absorbing spring (43) so that the locating plate (44) limits the movement of the shock-absorbing spring (43).

4. The damping mechanism of a numerical control machine according to claim 1, wherein: the buffer components are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the support column (3).

5. The damping mechanism of a numerical control machine according to claim 1, wherein: the damping boxes (2) are arranged in a plurality, and the damping boxes (2) are uniformly distributed at intervals at the bottom of the machine tool body (1).

6. The damping mechanism of a numerical control machine according to claim 1, wherein: the shock-absorbing box (2) further comprises a protective cover (22) covered on the base (21), and a yielding hole for the supporting column (3) to pass through is formed in the top wall of the protective cover (22).